Ship composite material weather tight door

Abstract

The invention provides a ship composite material weather tight door. The ship composite material weather tight door comprises a door frame, a door plate structure and a locking piece. The door frame is of a rectangular frame type structure and used for being fixedly connected with a cabin wall. The door plate structure is connected into the door frame through hinges. The door plate structure sequentially comprises an upper panel, a grating sandwich structure and a lower panel in the thickness direction. The upper panel and the lower panel are both made of a predetermined composite material; the predetermined composite material at least comprises a fiber reinforcement and a flame-retardant resin matrix; the locking piece is used for locking the door plate structure and the door frame when the door plate structure rotates into the door frame. On the basis of guaranteeing the tightness and strength of the weather tight door, the weight is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the weather tight door has the functional characteristics of being high in corrosion resistance, excellent in mechanical property, good in fatigue resistance and the like, the weather tight door is lighter, and the operability of the weather tight door in the opening and closing process and the maneuverability of a ship are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of shipbuilding, and more particularly, to a ship composite weathertight door. Background Art

[0002] Weathertight doors are provided in access areas such as superstructures, deckhouses, engine room casings, and hatchways above the freeboard deck of ships. Their main function is to prevent rainwater from entering and isolate wind and rain. Traditional weathertight doors are generally divided into steel doors and aluminum doors. However, during the use by crew members, especially in extreme sea conditions, they have problems such as heavy weight, inconvenient operation, and difficult opening and closing. In addition, metal materials are prone to corrosion and rust, resulting in a short service life of outfitting parts and an increase in maintenance costs.

[0003] In summary, an improved technical solution is needed to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of this application is to provide a ship composite weathertight door, which can greatly reduce the weight on the basis of ensuring the tightness and strength of the weathertight door, and at the same time has characteristics such as strong corrosion resistance, excellent mechanical properties, and good fatigue resistance.

[0005] This application provides a ship composite weathertight door, including a door frame, a door panel structure, and a locking member.

[0006] The door frame is a rectangular frame structure, and the door frame is used for fixedly connecting with the bulkhead; the door panel structure is connected to the inside of the door frame through hinges; the door panel structure sequentially includes an upper panel, a grid sandwich structure, and a lower panel along the thickness direction; both the upper panel and the lower panel are made of a predetermined composite material; the predetermined composite material at least includes a fiber reinforcement and a flame-retardant resin matrix; the locking member is used to lock the door panel structure with the door frame when the door panel structure rotates into the door frame.

[0007] In an implementable manner, the fiber reinforcement can be one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber, and polyimide fiber; the flame-retardant resin matrix can be one or more of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, vinyl ester resin, polyimide resin, unsaturated polyester resin, silicone resin, cyanate resin, and furan resin.

[0008] In an implementable manner, the thickness of the panel structure is 2 mm, and the thickness deviation of the door panel structure is less than or equal to ±0.2 mm.

[0009] In an implementable manner, the panel structure is a symmetric structure in the thickness direction.

[0010] In an implementable manner, the fiber reinforcement in the upper panel or the lower panel includes at least a 0° ply, a 45° ply, a -45° ply, or a 90° ply.

[0011] In an implementable manner, the grid sandwich structure includes a plurality of grid bars that are parallel or cross each other.

[0012] In an implementable manner, the shape of the voids surrounded by the grid bars includes one or more of a square, a triangle, a hexagon, or a circle.

[0013] In an implementable manner, the voids surrounded by the grid bars are filled with a predetermined material.

[0014] In an implementable manner, the predetermined material is one or more of fiber cotton, mineral wool, foam, and aerogel.

[0015] In an implementable manner, a structured epoxy adhesive film is provided between the upper panel and the grid sandwich structure, and between the lower panel and the grid sandwich structure. The structured epoxy adhesive film is used to adhesively connect the upper panel, the lower panel, and the grid sandwich structure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0017] In the technical solution of the present application, by adopting a composite material panel structure, it is possible to significantly reduce the weight while ensuring the tightness and strength of the weathertight door, and at the same time, it has features such as strong corrosion resistance, excellent mechanical properties, and good fatigue resistance, making the weathertight door more lightweight and improving the operability of the weathertight door during opening and closing and the maneuverability of the ship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the front view of the ship composite material weathertight door according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is the top view of the ship composite material weathertight door according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 is Figure 2 detail A in

[0021] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the C-C cross-sectional view in

[0022] Figure 5 is Figure 2 detail B in

[0023] Among them, the descriptions of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0024] 1. Door frame; 2. Door panel structure; 201. Upper panel; 202. Grid bars; 3. Hinge; 4. Clamp; 5. Connecting rod; 6. Door hook; 7. Locking member; 8. Handle; 9. Wedge; 10. Sealing strip. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] The following further elaborates on the detailed implementation manners of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. These implementation manners are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0029] See Figures 1 to 5 , this application provides a ship composite material weathertight door, including:

[0030] The door frame 1, which is a rectangular frame structure, and the door frame 1 is used for fixedly connecting with the bulkhead;

[0031] The door panel structure 2 is connected inside the door frame 1 through a hinge 3; the door panel structure 2 sequentially includes an upper panel 201, a grid sandwich structure, and a lower panel along the thickness direction; both the upper panel 201 and the lower panel are predetermined composite materials; the predetermined composite material at least includes a fiber reinforcement and a flame-retardant resin matrix;

[0032] The locking member 7 is used to lock the door panel structure 2 and the door frame 1 when the door panel structure 2 rotates into the door frame 1.

[0033] The predetermined composite material in this application has characteristics such as low density, high strength, corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance, and can achieve the goal of integrating the functions of the panel structure, reducing the weight of the weathertight door by 30% - 50% compared with metal materials, being able to lower the center of gravity of the ship, improve the ship's stability, and enhance the ship's maneuverability.

[0034] In an implementable manner, the fiber reinforcement can be one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber, and polyimide fiber; the flame-retardant resin matrix can be one or more of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, vinyl ester resin, polyimide resin, unsaturated polyester resin, silicone resin, cyanate resin, and furan resin.

[0035] In an implementable manner, the thickness of the panel structure is 2 mm, and the thickness deviation of the door panel structure 2 is less than or equal to ±0.2 mm.

[0036] In an implementable manner, the panel structure is a symmetric structure in the thickness direction. While meeting the requirements of strength, stiffness, and weight, it ensures the flatness and easy manufacturability of the panel to improve the mechanical properties, durability, and corrosion resistance of the panel.

[0037] It should be noted that during the laying process of the fiber reinforcement of the upper panel 201 or the lower panel, the flame-retardant resin matrix is used to infiltrate the fiber reinforcement. The symmetric structure refers to the arrangement and laying structure of the fiber reinforcement in the flame-retardant resin matrix.

[0038] Specifically, the fiber reinforcement in the upper panel 201 or the lower panel at least includes a 0° ply, a 45° ply, a -45° ply, or a 90° ply. The fiber direction in the 0° ply is arranged parallel to the upper panel 201 or the lower panel, that is, the fibers are laid along the length or width direction of the upper panel 201 or the lower panel, improving the strength and stiffness of the panel structure in the fiber direction. The fiber direction in the 45° ply is laid at an angle of 45° with the surface of the upper panel 201 or the lower panel. This laying method helps to increase the shear resistance of the panel structure and the strength distribution in different directions, improving the overall strength and toughness. The fiber direction in the -45° ply is laid at an angle of -45° with the panel surface. This laying method and the symmetric laying method of 45° together form a cross-laying structure, which helps to balance the mechanical properties of the panel structure in different directions and reduce anisotropy. The fiber direction in the 90° ply is perpendicular to the 0° ply, that is, the fibers are laid along the direction perpendicular to the length or width direction of the panel. This laying method improves the strength of the panel in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction, helping to increase the torsional resistance and overall stability of the panel.

[0039] In an implementable manner, the panel structure is fabricated by means of vacuum autoclave or molding, and the curing procedure is set in accordance with the curing temperature curve of the flame-retardant resin. After cooling to room temperature, demolding is carried out.

[0040] In an implementable manner, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the grid sandwich structure includes a plurality of grid bars 202 that are parallel or cross each other. By arranging the grid bars 202, the overall strength and stiffness of the door panel are enhanced.

[0041] It should be noted that the shape of the voids enclosed by the grid bars 202 includes one or more of square, triangular, hexagonal, or circular.

[0042] In an implementable manner, a predetermined material is filled in the voids enclosed by the grid bars 202.

[0043] It should be noted that the predetermined material is one or more of fiber cotton, mineral wool, foam, and aerogel.

[0044] In an implementable manner, the grid sandwich is formed by liquid molding. Before laying the 0° ply, the surface layer is first laid on the surface of the mold. The molding mold is made of a material with a high coefficient of thermal expansion, such as silicone rubber, etc., so as to apply pressure to the outer wall of the grid bars 202 during the molding process to ensure the strength of the grid sandwich.

[0045] In an implementable manner, the upper panel 201, the lower panel, and the grid sandwich are surface-cleaned with organic solvents. And physical or chemical surface treatment is carried out on the surfaces of the upper panel 201, the lower panel, and the grid sandwich to improve the interfacial bonding performance.

[0046] In an implementable manner, each grid bar 202 has a predetermined thickness and a predetermined height. The predetermined thickness of the grid bar 202 is 2 mm, and the deviation between the thickness of the grid bar 202 and the predetermined thickness is less than or equal to ±0.2 mm. The predetermined height of the grid bar 202 is 50 mm. The grid bar 202 is super-flattened so that the deviation between the height of the grid bar 202 and the predetermined height is less than or equal to ±0.3 mm.

[0047] In an implementable manner, a structured epoxy adhesive film is provided between the upper panel 201 and the grid sandwich structure, and between the lower panel and the grid sandwich structure. The structured epoxy adhesive film is used to adhesively connect the upper panel 201, the lower panel, and the grid sandwich structure.

[0048] In an implementable manner, the structured epoxy adhesive film optimizes the bonding effect and the mechanical properties of the door panel through a predetermined bonding pattern or a predetermined layout.

[0049] It should be noted that the bonding strength of the structured epoxy adhesive film is greater than or equal to 20 MPa. When conducting the airtightness test of the door panel structure 2, the test pressure is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa, and the flushing time is greater than or equal to 3 min.

[0050] In an implementable manner, the upper panel 201 or the lower panel adopts a composite material of E-glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix, so that the panel structure has corrosion resistance and the characteristics of light weight and high strength. The upper panel 201 or the lower panel is formed by the vacuum hot press autoclave method, the curing temperature is 150 °C, the curing time is 1 h, and it is demolded after cooling to room temperature. The grid sandwich is formed by liquid molding, the curing temperature is 150 °C, the curing time is 1 h, the contact surfaces of the upper panel 201, the lower panel and the grid bars 202 are surface-cleaned with ethanol solvent, PMI foam is filled in the gaps of the grid bars 202, and the contact surfaces to be bonded of the upper panel 201 or the lower panel are acid-etched to increase the surface polarity and roughness and enhance the interfacial bonding strength with the grid sandwich to ensure the structural strength of the door panel structure 2. The directional compressive strength of the above panel structure is ≥196 MPa, the bending strength is ≥13.7 MPa, and the interlaminar shear strength is ≥25 MPa.

[0051] In another implementable manner, the upper panel 201 or the lower panel adopts a composite material of S-glass fiber reinforced vinyl resin matrix, so that the panel structure has corrosion resistance and the characteristics of light weight and high strength. The upper panel 201 or the lower panel is formed by liquid molding, the curing temperature is 180 °C, the curing time is 1 h, the grid sandwich is formed by liquid molding, the curing temperature is 180 °C, the curing time is 1 h, the contact surfaces of the upper panel 201, the lower panel and the grid bars 202 are surface-cleaned with acetone solvent, phenolic foam is filled in the gaps of the grid bars 202, and the contact surfaces to be bonded of the upper panel 201 or the lower panel are modified with silane coupling agent to increase its surface polarity and roughness and enhance the interfacial bonding strength to ensure the structural strength of the door panel structure 2. The directional compressive strength of the above panel structure is ≥245 MPa, the bending strength is ≥18 MPa, and the interlaminar shear strength is ≥30 MPa.

[0052] In an implementable manner, as Figure 1 and Figure 5 shown, the locking member 7 at least includes a roller head 4, a connecting rod 5 and a wedge 9. Both ends of the connecting rod 5 are hinged with a roller head 4 respectively. By controlling the up and down movement of the connecting rod 5, the roller head 4 is driven to rotate into the wedge 9, and the locking member 7 is in a locked state.

[0053] In an implementable manner, as Figure 1 shown, a handle 8 and a door hook 6 are provided on the door panel to assist in the opening and closing of the door panel structure 2.

[0054] In an implementable manner, as Figure 5 shown, a circular groove is provided on the outermost side of the door panel structure 2, and a sealing strip 10 is provided in the circular groove. The provision of the sealing strip 10 can ensure the sealing performance of the door panel structure 2 when it is closed, so that the weathertight door meets the weathertightness requirements.

[0055] In summary, the present application can significantly reduce the weight on the basis of ensuring the tightness and strength of the weathertight door, and at the same time has features such as strong corrosion resistance, excellent mechanical properties and good fatigue resistance, making the weathertight door more lightweight and improving the operability of the weathertight door during the opening and closing process and the maneuverability of the ship. The door panel structure is applicable to the field of shipbuilding, especially for hull bulkheads, hatches or other parts that require high strength, light weight and corrosion resistance. The present application has stronger operability, convenience and applicability, which helps to improve the overall performance of the ship.

[0056] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and replacements can be made, and these improvements and replacements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship composite weathertight door, characterized in that: include: The door frame is a rectangular frame structure, and the door frame is used to be fixedly connected to the bulkhead; A door panel structure connected to the door frame via a hinge; The door panel structure includes an upper panel, a grille sandwich structure and a lower panel in sequence along the thickness direction; the upper panel and the lower panel are both predetermined composite materials; the predetermined composite material includes at least a fiber reinforcement and a flame retardant resin matrix; A locking member is used to lock the door panel structure with the door frame when the door panel structure is rotated into the door frame.

2. The ship composite material weathertight door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber reinforcement can be one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber and polyimide fiber; the flame retardant resin matrix can be one or more of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, vinyl ester resin, polyimide resin, unsaturated polyester resin, silicone resin, cyanate ester resin and furan resin.

3. The ship composite material weathertight door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the panel structure is 2 mm, and the thickness deviation of the door panel structure is less than or equal to ±0.2 mm.

4. The ship composite material weathertight door according to claim 3, characterized in that: The panel structure is a symmetrical structure in the thickness direction.

5. The ship composite material weathertight door according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fiber reinforcement in the upper panel or the lower panel includes at least 0° plies, 45° plies, -45° plies or 90° plies.

6. The ship composite material weathertight door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid sandwich structure includes a plurality of grid bars which are parallel to or cross each other.

7. The ship composite material weathertight door according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shapes of the gaps formed by the grid bars include one or more of square, triangle, hexagon or circle.

8. The ship composite weathertight door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spaces surrounded by the grid bars are filled with predetermined materials.

9. The ship composite weathertight door according to claim 8, characterized in that: The predetermined material is one or more of fiber wool, mineral wool, foam and aerogel.

10. The ship composite material weathertight door according to claim 1, characterized in that: A structured epoxy adhesive film is arranged between the upper panel and the grille sandwich structure, and between the lower panel and the grille sandwich structure. The structured epoxy adhesive film is used to bond and connect the upper panel, the lower panel and the grille sandwich structure.

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