Ring slot type light shielding fiber gun with azimuth real-time measurement

Abstract

The application discloses a ring-groove type light-proof fiber perforator with azimuth real-time measurement, and relates to the technical field of perforator equipment, comprising an ignition nipple, a driving nipple, a ring-groove gun barrel and a gun tail initiating nipple connected in sequence; the driving nipple comprises a driving nipple shell, an azimuth measurement driving module and a driving centralizer, the driving nipple shell is internally provided with a stepped through hole, and the driving centralizer is matched with the through hole of the driving nipple shell through a large-diameter ball bearing; the azimuth measurement driving module is arranged in the driving nipple shell, one end of the driving centralizer extending into the driving nipple shell is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the azimuth measurement driving module, after receiving an ignition command, a selection and firing module in the ring-groove gun barrel supplies power to an initiating assembly in the gun tail initiating nipple, a perforating bullet is triggered, and directional perforation is completed. When perforating, the application can realize the positioning of an optical fiber outside a casing, the monitoring of the azimuth of the perforator, self-adaptive accurate positioning, and effective control of the height of a burr after perforation, and the problem of resistance encountered by an up-tubing string.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of perforator equipment technology, and more specifically to a ring-groove type fiber optic perforator with real-time orientation measurement. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, distributed fiber optic sensing and monitoring has become the latest technology for monitoring hydraulic fracturing, playing a significant role in the development of unconventional resources such as North American shale gas. Distributed fiber optic measurement systems are sensing systems used for real-time measurement of spatial acoustic and temperature field distributions. They are distributed, continuous fiber optic sensors, offering advantages such as small size, immunity to electromagnetic interference, stable performance, high operating temperature, high measurement accuracy, fast response speed, and large information capacity. Currently, using external fiber optic cables to monitor the dynamic parameters of oil and gas wells throughout their entire lifecycle is an emerging mainstream technology abroad, while it is still in its initial stages in China, indicating a huge application potential.

[0003] Bridge-perforation, a crucial step in horizontal well fracturing and propulsion, primarily involves using cables to transport the perforating gun and bridge plugs, and then employing hydraulic pumps to deliver the tubing string to the target formation. This enables segmented bridge plug perforation and multi-cluster perforation operations in the horizontal well. During fiber optic cable deployment, the fiber optic cables are run down the well alongside the casing. Their placement is not perfectly linear; they tend to irregularly wrap around the casing wall, making their location unpredictable. Specific logging instruments are required to determine the fiber optic distribution outside the casing, and multiple cables may be pre-installed outside the casing. These issues significantly increase the difficulty of bridge-perforation, demanding extremely precise perforation positioning and orientation. Otherwise, mis-perforation can lead to the failure of the lower fiber optic section, making it impossible to monitor the distributed fiber optic distribution within the perforated section. In conventional directional perforation, deviations between the gravity orientation of the perforator and the blind hole orientation can cause post-perforation burrs to protrude above the perforator's outer wall, resulting in varying degrees of jamming in the upper tubing string. Therefore, how to accurately position the perforator to avoid shooting optical fibers has become an urgent engineering problem to be solved.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN215444028U, published on January 7, 2022, discloses a fiber optic azimuth-guided perforating instrument, relating to the field of perforator equipment technology. It includes a perforator body and a casing, with the perforator body slidably connected inside the casing. The perforator body comprises a first tubing, a second tubing, and a nozzle. A rotating motor is installed at the top of the second tubing, and a spring-loaded centralizer is installed at the bottom. The advantages of this technology are: it incorporates an MOT tool, an azimuth-guided short section, a perforating gun, and an induction coil, eliminating the need for other surface systems and enabling normal system connection during logging operations. By installing a gravity direction finder, it determines the elevation of the deviated well, assists in identifying the positional relationship between the fiber optic tube and the elevation, and confirms signal interference areas. The induction coil measures the magnetic changes along the 360° circumference of the wellbore, i.e., the metal distribution within the circumference.

[0005] However, when using the above-mentioned device, on the one hand, it is necessary to measure the lifting signal of the perforator multiple times, which is cumbersome. On the other hand, the magnetic changes on the 360° circumference of the wellbore are measured by the induction coil. In actual application, other factors may cause changes in the magnetic properties, so the positioning is not accurate. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a ring-groove type fiber-avoiding perforator with real-time orientation measurement. Using this perforator, the orientation of the perforator can be accurately positioned to avoid fiber optic transmission, and the height of the burrs after transmission can be effectively controlled. This solves the problems of conventional directional perforation, such as the inability to achieve real-time accurate positioning, the difficulty of adaptive accurate orientation, and the obstruction encountered when starting the tube string.

[0007] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0008] A grooved fiber-optic perforator with real-time azimuth measurement includes an ignition sub-section, a drive sub-section, a grooved barrel, and a breech-detonating sub-section connected sequentially by threads. The drive sub-section includes a drive sub-section housing, an azimuth measurement drive module, and a drive centering rod. The drive sub-section housing has a stepped through-hole I. The drive centering rod extends into the smaller diameter end of the through-hole and engages with the drive sub-section housing via a large-diameter ball bearing. The drive centering rod also has a through-hole II for passing a wire. The azimuth measurement drive module is located inside the drive sub-section housing. The end of the drive centering rod extending into the drive sub-section housing is connected to the output shaft of the azimuth measurement drive module via a key. The motor inside the azimuth measurement drive module rotates, causing the drive centering rod to rotate. An annular space is formed between the azimuth measurement drive module and the inner wall of the larger diameter end of the drive sub-section housing. The azimuth measurement drive module transmits azimuth signals to a ground monitoring terminal. The ground monitoring terminal sends the motor rotation angle signal to the azimuth measurement drive module to perform angle correction operations.

[0009] The ignition short section extends into the annular cavity and is fixedly connected to the drive short section housing; the ignition short section includes an ignition head housing and an ignition head conductive rod. One end of the ignition head housing connected to the drive short section housing is recessed and has a cavity that cooperates with the orientation measurement drive module. The other end of the ignition head housing is provided with a through hole three for the ignition head conductive rod to extend into. The ignition head conductive rod passes through the ignition head housing and is fixed to the ignition head housing by an ignition head nut.

[0010] The breech-launching short section includes a breech-launching housing, a detonation rod, and a detonation assembly. The detonation rod and the detonation assembly are fixedly connected and extend into the cavity of the breech-launching housing. The detonation rod is engaged with the breech-launching housing via a large-diameter ball bearing.

[0011] The annular groove barrel is fixedly connected to the drive section housing and the tail housing at both ends, respectively. A magazine is provided inside the annular groove barrel, and several firing holes are installed on the magazine. The magazine is fixedly connected to the drive centering rod and the detonation centering rod at both ends, respectively.

[0012] The detonation-transmitting centralizing rod is provided with a through hole four, and a through hole five is provided beside the through hole four. The detonation assembly includes an insulating contact centralizing sleeve, an insulating centralizing sleeve cover, a detonation tube, an electric detonator, and a conductive contact. The electric detonator and the conductive contact are coaxially arranged inside the cavity of the insulating centralizing sleeve. The opening of the insulating centralizing sleeve is provided with an insulating centralizing sleeve cover, so that the electric detonator and the conductive contact are coaxially fixed inside the insulating centralizing sleeve. The detonation-transmitting centralizing rod and the detonation assembly as a whole extend into the cavity of the gun tail housing, and the detonation-transmitting centralizing rod cooperates with the gun tail housing through a large-diameter ball bearing. The detonation tube is provided in the through hole four, one end of which is connected to the detonating cord, and the other end extends into the insulating centralizing sleeve and contacts the electric detonator.

[0013] The magazine is also equipped with an explosive buffer device and a firing selector module. The explosive buffer device is threaded onto one end near the ignition section, and the firing selector module is threaded onto one end near the breech detonation section.

[0014] The orientation measurement drive module is fixedly connected to the ignition head housing via a key.

[0015] An ignition head insulating rod is provided between the ignition head conductive rod and the inner wall of the through hole three. An ignition head insulating pad and an ignition head lower insulating pad are provided at the contact points between the two ends of the ignition head conductive rod and the ignition head housing.

[0016] The fourth through hole is coaxial with the insulating straightening sleeve, and the fifth through hole is located next to the fourth through hole and has a smaller diameter than the fourth through hole.

[0017] A stainless steel spring is installed between the electric detonator and the conductive contact.

[0018] The axes of the orientation measurement drive module, the drive centering rod, the bomb holder, and the detonation centering rod are all located on the same line.

[0019] One end of the detonating cord is wrapped around the perforating projectile, and the other end is connected to the detonation tube.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. This invention provides a ring-groove type fiber-optic avoidance perforator with real-time azimuth measurement, which can monitor the perforation direction of the downhole perforation string in real time and can be adjusted by a motor to achieve the effect of avoiding the pre-placed fiber optic cable on the casing.

[0022] 2. The present invention is equipped with an orientation measurement drive module, which can realize the positioning of the optical fiber outside the casing, real-time monitoring of the orientation of the perforator, adaptive and precise positioning during the perforation operation through internal motors, chips, etc., and can make complete direction adjustments to avoid the pre-placed optical fiber outside the casing.

[0023] 3. In this invention, the precise positioning of the perforation projectile and the annular groove barrel through the orientation measurement drive module ensures accurate axial positioning, so that the holes are evenly distributed within the annular groove of the barrel, avoiding burrs from protruding above the outer wall of the gun body, thereby avoiding the problem of the upper tube string getting stuck.

[0024] 4. In this invention, an explosive buffer device is provided between the perforating projectile and the drive section. During perforation, the explosive buffer device can effectively absorb and mitigate the violent vibrations generated during the explosion, thus preventing damage to the electronic components of the drive section.

[0025] 5. In this invention, an ignition head insulating rod and an ignition head insulating pad are provided between the ignition head housing and the ignition head conductive rod, which can effectively insulate them from the housing, making the equipment safer. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a ring groove fiber optic perforator.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the ignition short section;

[0029] Figure 3 For the driving short section structure diagram;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the short section for initiating the detonation at the tail of the gun.

[0031] Marked in the image:

[0032] 1. Ignition section; 2. Drive section; 3. Explosion buffer; 4. Magazine rack; 5. Ring-grooved barrel; 6. Perforated cartridge; 7. Selective firing module; 8. Tail detonation section; 9. Ignition head conductive rod; 10. Ignition head insulating rod; 11. Ignition head housing; 12. Ignition head nut; 13. Ignition head insulating pad; 14. Ignition head lower insulating pad; 15. Drive section housing; 16. Azimuth measurement drive module; 17. Large-diameter ball bearing; 18. Drive centering rod; 19. Detonation transmission centering rod; 20. Tail housing; 21. Insulating contact centering sleeve; 22. Insulating centering sleeve cover; 23. Detonation transmission tube; 24. Electric detonator; 25. Stainless steel spring; 26. Conductive contact. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 A grooved fiber-optic perforator with real-time azimuth measurement includes an ignition sub-section 1, a drive sub-section 2, a grooved barrel 5, and a breech-detonating sub-section 8 connected sequentially by threads. The drive sub-section 2 comprises a drive sub-section housing 15, an azimuth measurement drive module 16, and a drive centering rod 18. The drive sub-section housing 15 has a stepped through-hole. The drive centering rod 18 extends into the smaller end of the through-hole and engages with the drive sub-section housing 15 via a large-diameter ball bearing 17. The drive centering rod 18 is configured with… There is a through hole for the wire; the orientation measurement drive module 16 is placed inside the drive section housing 15, and one end of the drive straightening rod 18 that extends into the drive section housing 15 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the orientation measurement drive module 16. An annular space is formed between the orientation measurement drive module 16 and the inner wall of the drive section housing 15 with the larger diameter hole. The orientation drive measurement module is used to send the orientation signal to the ground monitoring terminal, and the ground monitoring terminal sends the motor rotation angle signal to the orientation measurement drive module 16 to perform the angle correction operation.

[0035] In this embodiment, a ring-groove type fiber-optic avoidance perforator with real-time azimuth measurement can monitor the perforation direction of the downhole perforation string in real time, and the direction can be adjusted by a motor, thus achieving the effect of avoiding the pre-placed fiber optic cable on the casing.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4A grooved fiber-optic perforator with real-time azimuth measurement includes an ignition sub-section 1, a drive sub-section 2, a grooved barrel 5, and a breech-detonating sub-section 8 connected sequentially by threads. The drive sub-section 2 includes a drive sub-section housing 15, an azimuth measurement drive module 16, and a drive centering rod 18. The drive sub-section housing 15 has a stepped through hole. The drive centering rod 18 extends into the smaller end of the hole and engages with the drive sub-section housing 15 via a large-diameter ball bearing 17. The drive centering rod 18 is provided with a... The second through hole for the wire; the orientation measurement drive module 16 is placed inside the drive section housing 15, and one end of the drive straightening rod 18 extending into the drive section housing 15 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the orientation measurement drive module 16. An annular space is formed between the orientation measurement drive module 16 and the inner wall of the drive section housing 15 with the larger diameter hole. The orientation drive measurement module is used to send the orientation signal to the ground monitoring terminal, and the ground monitoring terminal sends the motor rotation angle signal to the orientation measurement drive module 16 to perform the angle correction operation.

[0038] Furthermore, the ignition short section 1 extends into the annular cavity and is fixedly connected to the drive short section housing 15; the ignition short section 1 includes an ignition head housing 11 and an ignition head conductive rod 9. One end of the ignition head housing 11 connected to the drive short section housing 15 is recessed and has a cavity that cooperates with the orientation measurement drive module 16. The other end of the ignition head housing 11 is provided with a through hole 3 for the ignition head conductive rod 9 to extend into. The ignition head conductive rod 9 passes through the ignition head housing 11 and is fixed to the ignition head housing 11 by the ignition head nut 12.

[0039] Furthermore, the breech-mounted detonating section 8 includes a breech-mounted housing 20, a detonation rod 19, and a detonation assembly. The detonation rod 19 and the detonation assembly are fixedly connected and extend into the cavity of the breech-mounted housing 20. The detonation rod 19 is engaged with the breech-mounted housing 20 via a large-diameter ball bearing 17.

[0040] Furthermore, the two ends of the annular groove barrel 5 are fixedly connected to the drive section housing 15 and the tail housing 20, respectively. A magazine 4 is provided inside the annular groove barrel 5, and a plurality of firing holes 6 are installed on the magazine 4. The two ends of the magazine 4 are fixedly connected to the drive centering rod 18 and the detonation centering rod 19, respectively.

[0041] Furthermore, the detonation-propelling centralizing rod 19 is provided with a through hole four, and a through hole five is provided beside the through hole four. The detonation assembly includes an insulating contact centralizing sleeve 21, an insulating centralizing sleeve cover 22, a detonation tube 23, an electric detonator 24, and a conductive contact 26. The electric detonator 24 and the conductive contact 26 are coaxially arranged inside the cavity of the insulating centralizing sleeve. The opening of the insulating centralizing sleeve is provided with the insulating centralizing sleeve cover 22, so that the electric detonator 24 and the conductive contact 26 are coaxially fixed inside the insulating centralizing sleeve. The detonation-propelling centralizing rod 19 and the detonation assembly as a whole extend into the cavity of the gun tail housing 20, and the detonation-propelling centralizing rod 19 cooperates with the gun tail housing 20 through a large-diameter ball bearing 17. The detonation tube 23 is provided in the through hole four, one end of which is connected to the detonating cord, and the other end extends into the insulating centralizing sleeve and contacts the electric detonator 24.

[0042] Furthermore, the magazine 4 is also equipped with an explosive buffer device 3 and a firing selection module 7. The explosive buffer device 3 is threadedly disposed at one end near the ignition section 1, and the firing selection module 7 is threadedly disposed at one end near the breech detonation section 8.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 A grooved fiber-optic perforator with real-time azimuth measurement includes an ignition section 1, a drive section 2, an explosive buffer device 3, a cartridge holder 4, a grooved barrel 5, a perforating projectile 6, a selective firing module 7, and a tail detonation section 8. After the grooved fiber-optic perforator is deployed into the well, the cable is threadedly connected to the ignition section 1 to power the entire perforator and transmit data. During the deployment process, the azimuth measurement drive module 16 can detect the perforator's inclination and the azimuth of the cartridge holder 4 in real time and upload the data to the surface control system. When the perforator reaches the target layer, the microcontroller built into the azimuth measurement drive module 16 determines whether the perforation azimuth of the cartridge holder 4 is consistent with the construction plan. If not, the azimuth can be corrected by a front-end micro motor until the perforation azimuth meets the requirements. Subsequently, the microcontroller supplies power to the selective firing module 7. Upon receiving the ignition command, the selective firing module 7 supplies power to the electric detonator 24, detonating the detonating tube 23, which in turn triggers the detonating cord and the perforating projectile 6, completing the directional perforation. During perforation, the explosive buffer device 3 effectively absorbs and mitigates the violent vibrations generated during the explosion, preventing damage to the electronic components of the drive section 2. After perforation, due to the precise axial positioning of the perforating projectile 6 and the annular groove barrel 5, the holes are evenly distributed within the annular groove of the barrel 5, preventing burrs from protruding above the outer wall of the gun body, thus avoiding potential jamming issues with the upper tube string.

[0045] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2The ignition section 1 includes an ignition head conductive rod 9, an ignition head insulating rod 10, an ignition head housing 11, an ignition head nut 12, an ignition head upper insulating pad 13, and an ignition head lower insulating pad 14. The ignition head insulating rod 10, the ignition head upper insulating pad 13, and the ignition head lower insulating pad 14 are made of nylon, allowing direct insulation between the ignition head conductive rod 9 and the ignition head housing 11. The ignition head nut 12 is threadedly connected to the ignition head conductive rod 9 for fastening. A cable can be connected to the upper end of the ignition head housing 11 for downward power supply and data transmission.

[0046] Furthermore, referring to Figure 3 The drive section 2 includes a drive section housing 15, an orientation measurement drive module 16, a large-diameter ball bearing 17, and a drive centering rod 18. The inner ring of the large-diameter ball bearing 17 mates with the drive centering rod 18, and the outer ring mates with the drive section housing 15, allowing the centering rod to rotate freely in the circumferential direction. The orientation measurement drive module 16 is placed inside the drive section housing 15. The housing of the orientation measurement drive module 16 is made of nylon material, which effectively insulates it from the housing. The outer shell of the orientation measurement drive module 16 is connected to the inner wall of the ignition head housing 11 by a key, which effectively restricts circumferential rotation to output rotational torque. The front output shaft of the orientation measurement drive module 16 is connected to the drive centering rod 18 by a key, which can transmit rotational torque. The through hole in the drive centering rod 18 serves as a cable guide.

[0047] Furthermore, referring to Figure 4 The detonating section 8 at the gun's tail is designed with a detonation-transfer centering rod 19, a gun tail housing 20, an insulating contact centering sleeve 21, an insulating centering sleeve cover 22, a detonation tube 23, an electric detonator 24, a stainless steel spring 25, and a conductive contact 26. The inner ring of a large-diameter ball bearing 17 mates with the detonation-transfer centering rod 19, and the outer ring mates with the gun tail housing 20, allowing the centering rod to rotate freely in the circumference. The detonation-transfer centering rod 19 has two through holes; through hole five allows the ignition wire from the firing module 7 to pass through. Through hole four allows the detonating cord to be inserted, with the detonation tube 23 at the very tip of the detonating cord. Under the action of the stainless steel spring 25 and the conductive contact 26, the electric detonator 24 can fit tightly against the detonation tube 23, ensuring smooth detonation transmission. The insulating contact centering sleeve 21 and the insulating centering sleeve cover 22 are made of nylon, which has good insulation properties.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4A grooved fiber optic perforator with real-time azimuth measurement includes an ignition sub-section 1, a drive sub-section 2, a grooved barrel 5, and a breech-detonating sub-section 8 connected sequentially by threads. The drive sub-section 2 comprises a drive sub-section housing 15, an azimuth measurement drive module 16, and a drive centering rod 18. The drive sub-section housing 15 has a stepped through-hole. The drive centering rod 18 extends into the smaller end of the through-hole and engages with the drive sub-section housing 15 via a large-diameter ball bearing 17. The drive centering rod 18 is designed with… A through hole for passing wires is provided; the orientation measurement drive module 16 is placed inside the drive section housing 15, and one end of the drive straightening rod 18 extending into the drive section housing 15 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the orientation measurement drive module 16. An annular space is formed between the orientation measurement drive module 16 and the inner wall of the drive section housing 15 with the larger aperture. The orientation measurement module is used to send the orientation signal to the ground monitoring terminal, and the ground monitoring terminal sends the motor rotation angle signal to the orientation measurement drive module 16 to perform the angle correction operation.

[0050] Furthermore, the ignition short section 1 extends into the annular cavity and is fixedly connected to the drive short section housing 15; the ignition short section 1 includes an ignition head housing 11 and an ignition head conductive rod 9. One end of the ignition head housing 11 connected to the drive short section housing 15 is recessed and has a cavity that cooperates with the orientation measurement drive module 16. The other end of the ignition head housing 11 is provided with a through hole 3 for the ignition head conductive rod 9 to extend into. The ignition head conductive rod 9 passes through the ignition head housing 11 and is fixed to the ignition head housing 11 by the ignition head nut 12, which serves as a fastening function.

[0051] Furthermore, the breech-mounted detonating section 8 includes a breech-mounted housing 20, a detonation rod 19, and a detonation assembly. The detonation rod 19 and the detonation assembly are fixedly connected and extend into the cavity of the breech-mounted housing 20. The detonation rod 19 is engaged with the breech-mounted housing 20 via a large-diameter ball bearing 17.

[0052] Furthermore, the two ends of the annular groove barrel 5 are fixedly connected to the drive section housing 15 and the tail housing 20, respectively. A magazine 4 is provided inside the annular groove barrel 5, and a plurality of firing holes 6 are installed on the magazine 4. The two ends of the magazine 4 are fixedly connected to the drive centering rod 18 and the detonation centering rod 19, respectively.

[0053] Furthermore, the detonation-propelling centralizing rod 19 is provided with a through hole four, and a through hole five is provided beside the through hole four. The detonation assembly includes an insulating contact centralizing sleeve 21, an insulating centralizing sleeve cover 22, a detonation tube 23, an electric detonator 24, and a conductive contact 26. The electric detonator 24 and the conductive contact 26 are coaxially arranged inside the cavity of the insulating centralizing sleeve. The opening of the insulating centralizing sleeve is provided with the insulating centralizing sleeve cover 22, so that the electric detonator 24 and the conductive contact 26 are coaxially fixed inside the insulating centralizing sleeve. The detonation-propelling centralizing rod 19 and the detonation assembly as a whole extend into the cavity of the gun tail housing 20, and the detonation-propelling centralizing rod 19 cooperates with the gun tail housing 20 through a large-diameter ball bearing 17. The detonation tube 23 is provided in the through hole four, one end of which is connected to the detonating cord, and the other end extends into the insulating centralizing sleeve and contacts the electric detonator 24. The insulating contact straightening sleeve 21 and the insulating straightening sleeve cover 22 are made of nylon, which has good insulation properties.

[0054] Furthermore, the magazine 4 is also equipped with an explosive buffer device 3 and a firing selection module 7. The explosive buffer device 3 is threadedly disposed at one end near the ignition section 1, and the firing selection module 7 is threadedly disposed at one end near the breech detonation section 8.

[0055] Furthermore, the orientation measurement drive module 16 is fixedly connected to the ignition head housing 11 via a key. The outer shell of the orientation measurement drive module 16 and the inner wall of the ignition head housing 11 are connected via a key to effectively restrict circumferential rotation so as to output rotational torque. The housing of the orientation measurement drive module 16 is made of nylon material, which can effectively insulate it from the housing.

[0056] Furthermore, an ignition head insulating rod 10 is provided between the ignition head conductive rod 9 and the inner wall of the through hole three. An ignition head insulating pad 13 and an ignition head lower insulating pad 14 are provided at the contact points between the two ends of the ignition head conductive rod 9 and the ignition head housing 11. The ignition head insulating rod 10, the ignition head insulating pad 13, and the ignition head lower insulating pad 14 are made of nylon, which allows for direct insulation between the ignition head conductive rod 9 and the ignition head housing 11.

[0057] Furthermore, the fourth through hole is coaxial with the insulating straightening sleeve, and the fifth through hole is located next to the fourth through hole and has a smaller diameter than the fourth through hole. The fifth through hole can pass through the ignition wire led out from the selection module 7, and the fourth through hole can be used to insert the detonating cord.

[0058] Furthermore, a stainless steel spring 25 is provided between the electric detonator 24 and the conductive contact 26. Under the action of the stainless steel spring 25 and the conductive contact 26, the electric detonator 24 can be tightly attached to the detonation tube 23 to ensure smooth detonation and transmission.

[0059] Furthermore, the axes of the orientation measurement drive module 16, the drive centering rod 18, the shell holder 4, and the detonation centering rod 19 are all located on the same line.

[0060] Furthermore, one end of the detonating cord is wrapped around the perforating projectile 6, and the other end is connected to the detonation tube 23.

[0061] After the annular groove fiber-optic perforator is deployed into the well, the cable is connected to the ignition sub 11 via a threaded connection, providing power to the entire perforator and facilitating data transmission. During the downhole operation, the azimuth measurement drive module 16 can detect the perforator's inclination and the azimuth of the launcher 4 in real time and upload the data to the surface control system. When the perforator reaches the target layer, the microcontroller built into the azimuth measurement drive module 16 determines whether the perforation azimuth of the launcher 4 matches the construction plan. If not, it can be corrected by the front-end micro motor until the perforation azimuth meets the requirements. Subsequently, the microcontroller supplies power to the firing selection module 7. Upon receiving the ignition command, the firing selection module 7 supplies power to the electric detonator 24, detonating the detonating tube 23, which in turn triggers the detonating cord and the perforating projectile 6, completing the directional perforation. During perforation, the perforation direction of the downhole perforation string can be monitored in real time, and the direction can be adjusted by the motor, achieving the effect of avoiding the pre-installed fiber optic cable on the casing. The explosion buffer device 3 can effectively absorb and mitigate the violent vibrations generated during the explosion, preventing damage to the electronic components of the drive sub 2. After the perforation is completed, the perforation projectile 6 and the annular groove barrel 5 are precisely axially positioned, so that the holes are distributed within the annular groove of the annular groove barrel 5, avoiding burrs from being higher than the outer wall of the gun body, thus avoiding the problem of the upper tube string getting stuck.

Claims

1. A grooved fiber optic perforator with real-time azimuth measurement, comprising an ignition sub-section (1), a drive sub-section (2), a grooved barrel (5), and a breech-launching sub-section (8) connected sequentially by threads, characterized in that: The drive section (2) includes a drive section housing (15), an orientation measurement drive module (16), and a drive centering rod (18). The drive section housing (15) has a stepped through hole I inside. The drive centering rod (18) extends into the smaller end of the hole and cooperates with the drive section housing (15) through a large-diameter ball bearing (17). The drive centering rod (18) is provided with a through hole II for passing a line. The orientation measurement drive module (16) is placed inside the drive section housing (15). The drive centering rod (18) One end of the drive section housing (15) is connected to the output shaft of the azimuth measurement drive module (16) by a key. The motor inside the azimuth measurement drive module (16) rotates, which drives the drive centering rod (18) to rotate. An annular space is formed between the azimuth measurement drive module (16) and the inner wall of the larger end of the drive section housing (15). The azimuth measurement drive module (16) is used to send the azimuth signal to the ground monitoring terminal. The ground monitoring terminal sends the motor rotation angle signal to the azimuth measurement drive module (16) to perform the angle correction operation. The gun tail detonation section (8) includes a gun tail housing (20), a detonation centralizing rod (19), and a detonation assembly. The detonation centralizing rod (19) and the detonation assembly are fixedly connected and extend into the cavity of the gun tail housing (20). The detonation centralizing rod (19) is engaged with the gun tail housing (20) through a large-diameter ball bearing (17). The detonation-transmitting centralizing rod (19) is provided with a through hole four, and a through hole five is provided next to the through hole four. The detonation assembly includes an insulating contact centralizing sleeve (21), an insulating centralizing sleeve cover (22), a detonation tube (23), an electric detonator (24), and a conductive contact (26). The electric detonator (24) and the conductive contact (26) are coaxially arranged in the cavity of the insulating contact centralizing sleeve (21), and the opening of the insulating contact centralizing sleeve (21) is provided with an insulating centralizing sleeve cover (22). The electric detonator (24) and the conductive contact (26) are coaxially fixed in the insulating contact centering sleeve (21); the detonation centering rod (19) and the detonation assembly are inserted into the cavity of the gun tail housing (20), and the detonation centering rod (19) is engaged with the gun tail housing (20) through a large-diameter ball bearing (17). The detonation tube (23) is set in the through hole four, one end of which is connected to the detonating cord, and the other end extends into the insulating contact centering sleeve (21) to contact the electric detonator (24).

2. The annular groove type fiber optic perforator with real-time orientation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ignition short section (1) extends into the annular space and is fixedly connected to the drive short section housing (15); the ignition short section (1) includes an ignition head housing (11) and an ignition head conductive rod (9). One end of the ignition head housing (11) connected to the drive short section housing (15) is recessed and has a cavity that cooperates with the orientation measurement drive module (16). The other end of the ignition head housing (11) is provided with a through hole for the ignition head conductive rod (9) to extend into. The ignition head conductive rod (9) passes through the ignition head housing (11) and is fixed to the ignition head housing (11) by the ignition head nut (12).

3. The annular groove type fiber optic perforator with real-time orientation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the annular groove barrel (5) are fixedly connected to the drive section housing (15) and the tail housing (20) respectively. A magazine (4) is provided inside the annular groove barrel (5). Several perforated bullets (6) are installed on the magazine (4). The two ends of the magazine (4) are fixedly connected to the drive centering rod (18) and the detonation centering rod (19) respectively.

4. The annular groove type fiber optic perforator with real-time orientation measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magazine (4) is also equipped with an explosive buffer device (3) and a firing selection module (7). The explosive buffer device (3) is threaded on one end near the ignition section (1), and the firing selection module (7) is threaded on one end near the breech detonation section (8).

5. The annular groove type fiber optic perforator with real-time orientation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The orientation measurement drive module (16) is fixedly connected to the ignition head housing (11) by a key.

6. The annular groove type fiber optic perforator with real-time orientation measurement according to claim 2, characterized in that: An ignition head insulating rod (10) is provided between the ignition head conductive rod (9) and the inner wall of the through hole three. An ignition head insulating pad (13) and an ignition head lower insulating pad (14) are provided at the contact points between the two ends of the ignition head conductive rod (9) and the ignition head housing (11).

7. The annular groove type fiber optic perforator with real-time orientation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through hole four is coaxial with the insulating contact straightening sleeve (21), and the through hole five is located next to the through hole four and has a smaller diameter than the through hole four.

8. The annular groove type fiber optic perforator with real-time orientation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stainless steel spring (25) is provided between the electric detonator (24) and the conductive contact (26).

9. The annular groove type fiber optic perforator with real-time orientation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the detonating cord is wrapped around the perforating projectile (6), and the other end is connected to the detonation tube (23).

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