Panoramic imaging device and method for sample surface visualization in press-in process

Abstract

The invention discloses a panoramic imaging device for visualizing the surface of a sample in a press-in process. The panoramic imaging device comprises a rack shell, and a lighting source, a camera, a beam splitter prism, a first reflector, a collimating lens, an open parabolic reflector, a hyperboloid reflector, a transparent sample table and a reflector group which are assembled in the rack shell, the camera is assembled on one side of the beam splitter prism; the first reflecting mirror is assembled on the other side of the beam splitter prism and is used for reflecting the transmitted light to the vertical direction; the collimating lens and the hyperboloid reflector are sequentially assembled right above the first reflector; the open type parabolic reflector is assembled between the hyperboloid reflector and the collimating lens and is used for converting the reflected light into parallel light to be emitted; the transparent sample table is assembled right above the hyperboloid reflector and is used for placing a to-be-tested sample; the reflecting mirror group is assembled above the transparent sample table and is used for reflecting the parallel light rays to the surface of the sample to be tested; the imaging method realizes the omnibearing recording of the surface of the sample in the press-in or impact process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of real-time optical reflection imaging, and more particularly to a panoramic imaging device and method for visualizing the surface of a specimen during an indentation process. Background Art

[0002] The technology of testing the mechanical properties of materials is a bridge connecting materials science and engineering applications. It not only relates to the safety of human life and property, but also promotes technological innovation and industrial upgrading. In the past three decades, the instrumented indentation testing technology has developed rapidly. This surface micro-area, non-destructive / micro-destructive, in-situ detection technology provides a simple and efficient test method for evaluating the comprehensive response of the mechanical behavior of materials.

[0003] The observation of the surface topography of a loaded sample is an important part of an instrumented indentation experiment. Observing the surface of the loaded specimen helps to deeply understand the mechanical behavior of the material, and is of great significance for material property evaluation, microstructure analysis, failure mechanism research, etc. Due to the influence of indenter occlusion, it is very difficult to observe the dynamic change process of the specimen surface when it is under pressure. After the indentation experiment, observing the surface topography of the specimen with an optical microscope is a relatively common observation method at present. This method can only observe the changes on the surface of the specimen after the indentation is completed, and the dynamic change process of the specimen surface during the indentation process cannot be observed and recorded in real time. Some scholars tilt the microscope at a certain angle to observe the surface of the loaded specimen. Although this can observe and record the changes on the surface of the loaded specimen, during the indentation process, some areas of the specimen surface will be blocked by the indenter. Therefore, a true all-round observation cannot be achieved.

[0004] In the "Method for Full-Field Statistical Characterization of Alloy Microstructure with Fluid Micro-Probe Strain" disclosed in the publication number CN107748173A, it mainly relies on a white light interferometer to scan the specimen multiple times before and after the experiment to obtain the topography changes on the surface of the alloy sample, and then performs cross-scale rapid quantitative statistical distribution characterization on the topography changes of the specimen before and after to obtain a full-field metallographic atlas. This method does not truly achieve real-time observation and dynamic recording of the specimen during the experiment.

[0005] In the "In-Situ Tracking Metallographic Analysis Method for Microstructure Evolution of Steel" disclosed in the publication number CN102879330A, the above analysis method relies on multiple metallographic observations and photographings to obtain a complete metallographic picture of the target area, and then in-situ tracks and metallographic analyzes the microstructure evolution of the steel. It also does not truly achieve real-time dynamic recording of the microstructure evolution of the specimen. Its cumbersome experimental steps and high requirements for the smoothness of the specimen surface not only increase the complexity of the operation, but also greatly extend the experimental time. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the defects in the above-mentioned prior art, a panoramic imaging device and method for visualizing the surface of a specimen during the indentation process are provided.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A panoramic imaging device for visualizing the surface of a specimen during the indentation process includes a frame housing and a lighting source, a camera, a beam splitter prism, a first mirror, a collimating lens, an open parabolic mirror, a hyperbolic mirror, a transparent specimen stage, and a mirror group assembled inside the frame housing; the camera is assembled on one side of the beam splitter prism; the first mirror is assembled on the other side of the beam splitter prism for reflecting the transmitted light in the vertical direction; the collimating lens and the hyperbolic mirror are sequentially assembled directly above the first mirror; the open parabolic mirror is assembled between the hyperbolic mirror and the collimating lens for converting the reflected light into parallel light and emitting it; the transparent specimen stage is assembled directly above the hyperbolic mirror for placing the specimen to be tested; the mirror group is assembled above the transparent specimen stage for reflecting the parallel light onto the surface of the specimen to be tested.

[0008] Preferably, the mirror group includes a plurality of square mirrors evenly arranged circumferentially with the transparent specimen stage as the center.

[0009] Preferably, the mirror group is assembled on the inner wall of the frame housing, and a rotation fixing member for changing the angle of the square mirror is provided on each of the plurality of square mirrors.

[0010] Preferably, a fixing shell for fixing the collimating lens is assembled outside the collimating lens, and the opening size at the upper end of the fixing shell matches the opening size at the lower end of the open parabolic mirror.

[0011] Preferably, the frame housing includes an upper housing, a middle housing, and a lower housing; the transparent specimen stage is assembled between the upper housing and the middle housing, and the lower housing is assembled at the lower end of the middle housing.

[0012] Preferably, the lighting source, the camera, and the beam splitter prism are all assembled at the bottom of the lower housing.

[0013] Preferably, a rotating device for moving the position of the upper housing is provided between the middle housing and the upper housing; the rotating device includes a support connection frame, a connecting rod, and a pin; one end of the connecting rod is connected to the upper end of the upper housing through the pin, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the support connection frame through the pin, and the support connection frame is fixed to the outer wall of the middle housing.

[0014] Preferably, a through hole is provided at the center of the top end of the upper housing, and the through hole is used to allow the indenter to pass through and contact the surface of the specimen to be tested during the indentation experiment.

[0015] Preferably, the hyperbolic mirror is fixed to the lower end of the transparent specimen stage.

[0016] Preferably, a groove for placing the specimen to be tested is provided on the transparent specimen stage.

[0017] Panoramic imaging method for visualizing the specimen surface during the pressing process: S1. Place the specimen to be tested on the transparent specimen stage; S2. After the parallel light emitted by the illumination light source enters the beam splitter prism, part of the incident light will exit into the first mirror. According to the placement position of the first mirror, the exiting light will make the vertically upward light enter the collimating lens; S3. The light exiting from the collimating lens will continue to propagate to the hyperbolic mirror reflective film layer where the hyperbolic mirror is located, and is further reflected to the parabolic mirror reflective film layer of the open parabolic mirror. After being reflected by the parabolic mirror reflective film layer, the light will reflect the exiting light along the vertical direction to the mirror group; S4. Finally, it is incident on the surface of the specimen to be tested. When the light irradiates the rough surface of the specimen, the tiny irregular structures on the surface cause the light to scatter in multiple directions, thereby generating diffuse reflection. Among them, there are some diffuse reflection lights at specific angles. These diffuse reflection lights are incident on the square mirror and will be reflected by the square mirror to the inner surface of the open parabolic mirror, and then enter the camera through the subsequent collimating lens, first mirror and beam splitter prism; S5. The camera captures the diffuse reflection light containing the sample information transmitted in reverse and performs real-time imaging and recording, so that the change process of the sample during the pressing process can be recorded intuitively and in real time.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention adopts a single camera combined with a special optical design to achieve full - range imaging of the dynamic change process of the specimen surface during the pressing process, providing technical support for in - depth research on material failure mechanisms, mechanical behaviors and properties. Moreover, it enables the incident light to fully cover the surface area of the sample under load. The light contacts the specimen surface and then undergoes diffuse reflection. By using the camera to capture the light information reflected diffusely in real time, the change of the surface of the specimen to be tested during the pressing process can be observed more intuitively and clearly. This device provides a 360° observation perspective for the specimen surface during the pressing process through panoramic imaging technology, and is not restricted by the geometric shape of the press, the shape and size of the specimen.

[0019] Furthermore, by setting the mirror group and the open parabolic mirror, the present invention can reflect the parallel light to the specimen surface at a specific angle, receive the diffuse reflection light from the specimen surface, and then convert it into parallel light for the camera to capture. Such a design not only simplifies the imaging system but also improves the imaging efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, the frame housing of the present invention adopts a layered design, which facilitates disassembly and maintenance. At the same time, the design of the rotating device enables the upper housing to rotate around the axis of the connecting rod, facilitating the placement and removal of specimens.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention is provided with grooves on the transparent specimen stage, which facilitates the placement and fixation of columnar specimens. At the same time, the rotating fixing member on the mirror group can adjust the angle of the square mirror to meet the observation requirements of different specimens.

[0022] Furthermore, the present invention can not only be used as an additional device for indentation experiments, but also be used in tests where the surface of the specimen is blocked or partially blocked during tests such as impact tests, to observe the deformation and failure of the specimen during the force application process, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the panoramic imaging device of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the device inside the frame housing of the present invention; Figure 3 is the catadioptric imaging principle diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 is the coaxial optical path principle diagram of the camera and the illumination light source of the present invention; Figure 5 is the optical schematic diagram of the focus of the collimating lens of the present invention; Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the reflective film layer of the hyperbolic mirror of the present invention; Figure 7 is the schematic structural diagram of the open parabolic mirror of the present invention; Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the focus position between the collimating lens and the hyperbolic mirror of the present invention; Figure 9 is the schematic diagram of the focus B position of the open parabolic mirror of the present invention; The description of the reference numerals is as follows: Frame housing 1, Illumination light source 2, Camera 3, Beam splitter prism 4, First mirror 5, Collimating lens 6, Open parabolic mirror 7, Parabolic mirror reflective film layer 71, Connecting hole 72, Hyperbolic mirror 8, Hyperbolic mirror reflective film layer 81, Transparent specimen stage 9, Mirror group 10, Square mirror 101, Rotating fixing member 1011, Fixed housing 61, Upper housing 11, Middle housing 12, Lower housing 13, Rotating device 111, Support connecting frame 1111, Connecting rod 1112, Pin 1113, Through hole 112, Groove 91. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be explained and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the following embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the implementation manners, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] In the following description, terms such as "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicating orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0026] As Figures 1 to 9 shown, the panoramic imaging device for visualizing the surface of the specimen during the pressing process mainly includes a frame housing 1 and various components assembled within the frame housing 1. The frame housing 1 is composed of an upper housing 11, a middle housing 12, and a lower housing 13, forming a stable and enclosed structure. At the bottom of the lower housing 13, we assembled an illumination light source 2, a camera 3, and a beam splitting prism 4. As Figure 4 shown, the illumination light source 2 is used to provide sufficient light to illuminate the specimen to be tested, the camera 3 is used to capture and record the light information after reflection and refraction, and the beam splitting prism 4 serves to divide the incident light into transmitted light and reflected light.

[0027] A first reflecting mirror 5 is assembled on the other side of the beam splitting prism 4, and its main function is to reflect the transmitted light in the vertical direction. Immediately afterwards, a collimating lens 6 and a hyperbolic reflecting mirror 8 are sequentially assembled directly above the first reflecting mirror 5. The collimating lens 6 is used to converge the reflected light to the focal point, and the hyperbolic reflecting mirror 8 further reflects the converged light and makes its extension line converge at another focal point. To achieve this function; as Figure 6 shown, the outer surface of the vertex of the hyperbolic reflecting mirror 8 is coated with a hyperbolic reflecting mirror reflective film layer 81.

[0028] Above the hyperbolic reflecting mirror 8, we assembled a transparent specimen stage 9 for placing the specimen to be tested. The transparent specimen stage 9 is provided with a groove 91 for conveniently placing and fixing the columnar specimen. And above the transparent specimen stage 9, we assembled a reflecting mirror group 10. The reflecting mirror group 10 is composed of a plurality of square reflecting mirrors 101 evenly arranged circumferentially with the transparent specimen stage 9 as the center. Each square reflecting mirror 101 is provided with a rotation fixing member 1011 for changing the angle of the square reflecting mirror 101. The main function of the reflecting mirror group 10 is to reflect the parallel light to the specimen surface at a specific angle, receive the diffuse reflection light from the specimen surface, and then reflect it to the open parabolic reflecting mirror 7.

[0029] The open parabolic mirror 7 is assembled between the hyperbolic mirror 8 and the collimating lens 6; as Figure 7 shown, a parabolic mirror reflective film layer 71 is plated on its inner surface. The main function of the open parabolic mirror 7 is to convert the reflected light into parallel light for the camera 3 to capture. To achieve stable assembly, a connection hole 72 is provided at the bottom of the open parabolic mirror 7, which is convenient for fixing with the fixed shell 61 or other connecting components.

[0030] In addition, a rotating device 111 is provided between the middle shell 12 and the upper shell 11 for moving the position of the upper shell 11. The rotating device 111 includes a support connection frame 1111, a connecting rod 1112, and a pin 1113. One end of the connecting rod 1112 is connected to the upper end of the upper shell 11 through the pin 1113, and the other end is connected to the support connection frame 1111 through the pin 1113, while the support connection frame 1111 is fixed to the outer wall of the middle shell 12. Such a design enables the upper shell 11 to rotate at a certain angle around the axis of the connecting rod 1112, facilitating the placement and removal of the specimen.

[0031] Specifically, the support connection frame 1111 is in an "L" shape.

[0032] At the center of the top end of the upper shell 11, we also provide a through hole 112 for allowing the indenter to pass through and contact the surface of the specimen during the indentation experiment. Such a design enables the present invention to be not only used for observing the surface morphology of the specimen, but also used for performing indentation experiments to observe the deformation and failure conditions of the specimen during the stress process.

[0033] This panoramic imaging device can not only be used for observing the surface morphology of the specimen to be tested, but also be used in experiments where the surface of the specimen is blocked or partially blocked during tests such as indentation and impact. By observing and recording the specimen in real time during the experiment, the deformation and failure conditions of the specimen to be tested during the stress process can be grasped in real time, so it has a wide range of application prospects. Specifically, with Figure 1 and Figure 2Taking the beam splitting prism 4 as the starting point, a spatial coordinate system as shown in the figure is established. The plane of the beam splitting prism 4 coated with a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective film layer is obtained by rotating the XZ plane counterclockwise by 45° around the Z axis. The spatial coordinates of the illumination light source 2 can be obtained by moving a certain distance along the positive Y axis from the spatial coordinates of the beam splitting prism 4. After the light emitted by the illumination light source 2 is incident on the beam splitting prism 4, a part of the light is transmitted and will propagate to the next optical element along the left end of the beam splitting prism, that is, along the negative Y axis; a part of the light is incident on the inclined plane and will be reflected along the negative X axis. This part of the reflected light can be ignored for the entire optical path. The spatial coordinates of the camera 3 can be obtained by moving a certain distance along the positive X axis from the spatial coordinates of the beam splitting prism 4. The illumination light source 2, the camera 3, and the beam splitting prism 4 are placed in the same plane, greatly reducing the volume occupied by the entire device in the vertical direction.

[0034] The spatial coordinates of the first reflecting mirror 5 can be obtained by moving a certain distance along the negative Y axis from the spatial coordinates of the beam splitting prism 4. And the plane where the first reflecting mirror 5 is located is obtained by rotating the XZ plane counterclockwise by 45° around the X axis. The surface of the first reflecting mirror 5 coated with a reflective film layer faces the exit surface of the beam splitting prism 4. Therefore, the light emitted by the illumination light source 2 is incident on the reflective film layer of the first reflecting mirror 5 after passing through the beam splitting prism 4, and the light will continue to propagate along the vertical direction, that is, the positive Z axis.

[0035] The collimating lens 6 is located directly above the first reflecting mirror 5, that is, at a certain distance along the positive Z axis. The collimating lens 6 is a plano-convex lens and is vertically installed in the fixed housing 61. Its convex surface is the incident surface of the light, and the plane is the exit surface. The light emitted by the illumination light source 2 is incident on the reflective film layer of the first reflecting mirror 5 after passing through the beam splitting prism 4, and the light will continue to propagate along the vertical direction to the collimating lens 6. Affected by the placement position of the collimating lens 6, the light will converge at the focal point of the collimating lens (as Figure 5 shown), and here the focal point of the collimating lens is denoted as A.

[0036] The upper end of the fixed housing 61 is connected to the lower end of the open parabolic mirror 7. The illumination light source 2, the camera 3, the beam splitting prism 4, and the first reflecting mirror 5 are all placed inside the lower layer housing 13 of the frame.

[0037] Among them, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the light converging at point A after passing through the collimating lens; Figure 8 is the image of a hyperbola, also known as the longitudinal axis hyperbola. In mathematical geometry, a hyperbola has two segments in a rectangular coordinate system, which can be respectively denoted as the upper branch X1 and the lower branch X2 of the hyperbola. The hyperbolic mirror in the imaging device is obtained by Figure 8 rotating the upper branch X1 of the hyperbola in by 180 degrees around the X axis. Among them, C1 is the focus of the upper branch of the hyperbola, and C2 is the focus of the lower branch of the hyperbola;Figure 9 is the image of a parabola, and the parabola is labeled Y1 in Figure 9 . The parabola in the figure is not a complete parabola, and B is the geometric focus of the parabola. The parabolic mirror in the imaging device is obtained by rotating the parabola in Figure 9 by 180 degrees around the Y-axis and is in a hollow shape.

[0038] As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the hyperbolic mirror 8 in this device is obtained by rotating the upper branch X1 of the hyperbola by 180° around the X-axis of the plane coordinate system. The outer surface where its vertex is located is coated with a hyperbolic mirror reflective film layer 81. The hyperbolic mirror 8 is located directly above the collimating lens 6. A certain positional relationship needs to be ensured between the collimating lens and the hyperbolic mirror. The focus C2 of the lower branch X2 of the hyperbola should coincide with the focus A of the collimating lens 6. According to geometric optics knowledge, when parallel light is incident on the collimating lens 6, it will converge at its focus A. Also, since the focus C2 of the lower branch X2 of the hyperbola coincides with the focus A of the collimating lens, the parallel light will converge at the focus C2 of the lower branch of the hyperbola. The converging light will continue to propagate to the reflecting surface formed by the upper branch X1 of the hyperbola. After being reflected by it, the reverse extension line of the outgoing light will converge at the focus C1 of the upper branch X1 of the hyperbola. The surface of the hyperbolic mirror 8 far from the vertex is connected to the lower end of the transparent sample stage 9.

[0039] The inner surface of the open parabolic mirror 7 is coated with a parabolic mirror reflective film layer 71, and the remaining surfaces do not need to be coated. The open parabolic mirror 7 is placed between the collimating lens 6 and the hyperbolic mirror 8. If the geometric focus of the open parabolic mirror 7 is denoted as B, it is necessary to ensure that the focus B of the open parabolic mirror 7 coincides with the focus C1 of the upper branch X1 of the hyperbolic mirror 8. After the light is reflected by the outer surface of the hyperbolic mirror, it will be incident on the inner surface of the open parabolic mirror 7. After being reflected by the parabolic mirror, it will exit along the vertical direction, which is the positive direction of the Z-axis. Here, the propagation of the light path satisfies certain geometric relationships. The light propagated from the collimating lens, after being reflected by the outer surface of the hyperbolic mirror, the reverse extension line of the reflected light will converge at the focus C1. Also, since the geometric focus B of the open parabolic mirror 7 coincides with the focus C1 of the upper branch X1 of the hyperbolic mirror 8, the light after being reflected by the hyperbolic mirror can be regarded as emitted from the focus B of the parabola. The reflected light will reach the inner surface of the parabolic mirror and, after being reflected by it, will exit along the vertical direction.

[0040] The transparent sample stage 9 is located directly above the hyperbolic mirror 8, and its lower end is in contact with the flat end of the hyperbolic mirror 8. The material of the transparent sample stage 9 is transparent silica and it is in a "concave" shape. Light can pass through the transparent sample stage 9 smoothly. There is a groove 91 in the center of the transparent sample stage 9, and a columnar sample can be placed in the middle part. The parallel light emitted by the open parabolic mirror can pass through the workbench smoothly and reach the next optical element.

[0041] The mirror group 10 composed of multiple square mirrors 101 is placed inside the upper-layer housing 11 of the frame. The square mirrors 101 are distributed in a ring shape; only a part of the square mirrors are drawn in the schematic diagram, and the number of square mirrors 101 in the device should be determined according to specific circumstances, and it is necessary to ensure that the outgoing light of the mirror group can cover the entire sample pressing area; among them, the square mirror can rotate by a certain angle around its constrained end. The parallel light emitted by the open parabolic mirror 7 passes through the transparent sample stage 9 and is incident on the square mirror group 10, and the light will be emitted to the surface of the sample located on the transparent sample stage 9. The angle of the light incident on the sample surface can be adjusted by rotating each square mirror 101. After passing through the mirror group, the light will be incident on the sample surface at a certain angle and diffuse reflection will occur on the sample surface. Among them, there are some diffuse reflection lights at specific angles. These diffuse reflection lights are incident on the square mirror 101 and will be vertically reflected to the inner surface of the open parabolic mirror 7, and then pass through the subsequent optical elements and be incident on the camera 3. The camera captures the diffuse reflection light containing sample information transmitted in reverse and performs real-time imaging and recording.

[0042] One end of the upper-layer housing 11 of the frame is connected to one end of the connecting rod 1112 through a pin 1113, and the other end of the connecting rod 1112 is connected to the support connecting frame 1111 through a pin 1113. The support connecting frame 1111 is fixed on the middle-layer housing 12 of the frame; when performing a pressing or impact experiment, if a sample needs to be placed, just rotate the connecting rod 1112, and the connecting rod 1112 will drive the upper-layer housing 11 of the frame to move in the XY plane, and then the sample can be placed in the transparent sample stage 9. After the sample is placed, just turn the connecting rod 1112 back to its original position. The indenter can pass through the through hole 112 at the upper end of the upper-layer housing 11 of the frame and contact the surface of the sample to complete a normal pressing experiment.

[0043] Here is a complete description of the panoramic imaging method for visualizing the surface of the sample during the pressing process: After the parallel light emitted by the illumination source 2 is incident on the beam splitter prism 4, part of the incident light will be emitted to the first mirror 5. Affected by the placement position of the first mirror, the outgoing light will be vertically incident upward to the position where the collimating lens 6 is located, as Figure 3As shown, after emerging from the collimating lens 6, it will continue to propagate to the outer surface where the hyperbolic mirror 8 is located, and is further reflected to the inner surface of the open parabolic mirror 7. After being reflected by the inner surface of the reflective film layer 71 of the parabolic mirror, it will emerge in the vertical direction to the square mirror group 10, and finally be incident on the surface of the specimen on the transparent specimen stage 9. When the light irradiates the rough surface of the specimen, the minute irregular structures on the surface cause the light to scatter in multiple directions, thereby generating diffuse reflection. Among them, there are some diffuse reflection rays at specific angles. These diffuse reflection rays are incident on the square mirror 101, and will be reflected by the square mirror 101 to the inner surface of the open parabolic mirror 7, and then be incident on the camera 3 through subsequent optical elements. The camera 3 captures the diffuse reflection rays containing sample information transmitted in the reverse direction and performs real-time imaging and recording, so that the change process of the sample during the pressing process can be recorded intuitively in real time.

[0044] As described above, the above is only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention includes but is not limited to the content described in the drawings and the above specific embodiments. Any modification that does not deviate from the functional and structural principles of the present invention will be included in the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A panoramic imaging device for visualizing the sample surface during the pressing process, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame housing (1) and an illumination light source (2) mounted in the frame housing (1), a camera (3), a beam splitter prism (4), a first reflector (5), a collimating lens (6), an open parabolic reflector (7), a hyperbolic reflector (8), a transparent sample stand (9) and a reflector group (10); the camera (3) is mounted on one side of the beam splitter prism (4) and is used to receive and record light information after reflection and refraction; the first reflector (5) is mounted on the other side of the beam splitter prism (4) and is used to transmit the light information to the sample stand. The collimating lens (6) and the hyperbolic reflector (8) are sequentially mounted directly above the first reflector (5); the open parabolic reflector (7) is mounted between the hyperbolic reflector (8) and the collimating lens (6) and is used to convert the reflected light into parallel light for emission; the transparent sample table (9) is mounted directly above the hyperbolic reflector (8) and is used to place the sample to be tested; and the reflector group (10) is mounted above the transparent sample table (9) and is used to reflect the parallel light onto the surface of the sample to be tested.

2. The panoramic imaging device for visualizing the sample surface during the pressing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflector group (10) comprises a plurality of square reflectors (101) uniformly arranged in a circumferential direction with the transparent sample platform (9) as the center.

3. The panoramic imaging device for visualizing the sample surface during the pressing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflector group (10) is mounted on the inner wall of the frame housing (1), and a plurality of square reflectors (101) are each provided with a rotating fixing member (1011) for changing the angle of the square reflectors (101).

4. The panoramic imaging device for visualizing the sample surface during the pressing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collimating lens (6) is externally equipped with a fixing shell (61) for fixing the collimating lens (6), and the size of the opening at the upper end of the fixing shell (61) matches the size of the opening at the lower end of the open parabolic reflector (7).

5. The panoramic imaging device for visualizing the sample surface during the pressing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame housing (1) comprises an upper housing (11), a middle housing (12) and a lower housing (13); the transparent sample table (9) is mounted between the upper housing (11) and the middle housing (12), and the lower housing (13) is mounted at the lower end of the middle housing (12).

6. The panoramic imaging device for visualizing the sample surface during the pressing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The illumination light source (2), camera (3) and beam splitter prism (4) are all assembled at the bottom of the lower shell (13).

7. The panoramic imaging device for visualizing the sample surface during the pressing process according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rotating device (111) for moving the position of the upper shell (11) is provided between the middle shell (12) and the upper shell (11); the rotating device (111) comprises a supporting connection frame (1111), a connecting rod (1112) and a pin (1113); one end of the connecting rod (1112) is connected to the upper end of the upper shell (11) via the pin (1113); the other end of the connecting rod (1112) is connected to the supporting connection frame (1111) via the pin (1113); and the supporting connection frame (1111) is fixed to the outer wall of the middle shell (12).

8. The panoramic imaging device for visualizing the sample surface during the pressing process according to claim 5, characterized in that: A through hole (112) is provided at the center of the top end of the upper shell (11), and the through hole (112) is used to allow the indenter to pass through and contact the surface of the sample to be tested during the indentation test.

9. The panoramic imaging device for visualizing the sample surface during the pressing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hyperbolic reflector (8) is fixed to the lower end of the transparent sample platform (9).

10. A panoramic imaging method for visualizing the surface of a sample during a pressing process, applicable to a panoramic imaging device for visualizing the surface of a sample during a pressing process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Place the sample to be tested on the transparent sample table (9); S2, after the parallel light emitted by the illumination light source (2) is incident on the beam splitter prism (4), part of the incident light will be emitted to the first reflector (5), and according to the placement position of the first reflector (5), the emitted light will be incident vertically upward on the collimating lens (6); S3, the light emitted from the collimating lens (6) will continue to propagate to the hyperbolic reflector reflective film layer (81) where the hyperbolic reflector (8) is located, and will be further reflected to the parabolic reflector reflective film layer (71) of the open parabolic reflector (7), and after being reflected by the parabolic reflector reflective film layer (71), the emitted light will be reflected along the vertical direction to the reflector group (10); S4, finally incident on the surface of the sample to be tested. When the light irradiates the rough surface of the sample, the tiny irregular structures on the surface cause the light to scatter in multiple directions, thereby generating diffuse reflection, among which there are some diffuse reflection lights at specific angles. These diffuse reflection lights are incident on the square reflector (101), and are reflected by the square reflector (101) to the inner surface of the open parabolic reflector (7), and then incident on the camera (3) through the subsequent collimating lens (6), the first reflector (5) and the beam splitter prism (4); S5. The camera (3) captures the diffusely reflected light containing the sample information transmitted in the reverse direction and performs real-time imaging and recording, thereby being able to record the changes of the sample during the pressing process in real time and intuitively.

Images