Method and device for determining hydrogen and carbon footprint and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a hydrogen and carbon footprint determination method and device and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining hydrogen production process data; determining whether various products and various raw materials exist in the hydrogen production process or not according to the hydrogen production process data; when a plurality of products exist, determining a distribution method of carbon emission of the products according to a hydrogen production method and the states of the products; determining the carbon emission of hydrogen in the hydrogen production process according to the distribution method; and when multiple raw materials exist, tracing the carbon footprint for each raw material so as to form the hydrogen carbon footprint. The problem that the carbon footprint calculated in the prior art has a large access to the real situation is solved, and the method is beneficial for a hydrogen production enterprise and a hydrogen purchasing enterprise to evaluate the own carbon asset situation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This document relates to the field of low-carbon management in the hydrogen production industry, and in particular to a method, device and storage medium for determining the carbon footprint of hydrogen. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen, hailed as the 21st century's most promising secondary clean energy source due to its green and low-carbon properties, plays a key role in global energy transition and sustainable development. Carrying out hydrogen carbon footprint accounting is both a necessary measure of hydrogen's green and low-carbon characteristics and a crucial data support for policy formulation and management implementation.

[0003] When calculating the carbon footprint, the existing scheme evaluates the carbon emissions of the entire hydrogen production process based on the existing hydrogen carbon footprint factor.

[0004] However, the same hydrogen production process may involve multiple production routes and different product compositions. Therefore, it is impossible to accurately use a single carbon footprint factor of a hydrogen production process to represent the carbon footprint level of the products corresponding to all production situations of the process. In addition, there are currently only carbon footprint factors for major hydrogen production processes such as coal-to-hydrogen and natural gas-to-hydrogen. Some hydrogen production processes do not yet have corresponding recognized factors. The current factor data cannot cover all hydrogen production processes and flexible production routes. The above situation results in a large discrepancy between the carbon footprint calculated by existing technologies and the actual situation, which is not conducive to hydrogen production companies and hydrogen purchasing companies to assess their own carbon assets. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above solution, this application aims to propose a method, device and storage medium for determining the carbon footprint of hydrogen to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, one or more embodiments of this specification provide a method for determining a hydrogen carbon footprint, comprising:

[0007] Obtain hydrogen production process data;

[0008] Based on the hydrogen production process data, determine whether there are multiple products and multiple raw materials in the hydrogen production process;

[0009] When there are multiple products, the method for allocating product carbon emissions is determined based on the hydrogen production method and the state of the products;

[0010] Determining the carbon emissions of hydrogen in the hydrogen production process according to the allocation method; and

[0011] When there are multiple raw materials, the carbon footprint of each raw material is traced to form the carbon footprint of hydrogen.

[0012] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0013] The complete hydrogen production process is divided into the raw material acquisition stage, the raw material transportation stage, the hydrogen production and manufacturing stage, and the on-site storage and transportation stage;

[0014] According to the hydrogen production process, the raw material acquisition stage, the raw material transportation stage, the hydrogen production stage, and the on-site storage and transportation stage are divided to determine multiple hydrogen production links; and

[0015] For each of the steps, the amount of carbon emissions associated with hydrogen is determined to form a hydrogen carbon footprint.

[0016] Furthermore, the distribution method of the product carbon emissions includes: energy distribution method, volume distribution method, mole distribution method and mass distribution method.

[0017] Furthermore, according to the hydrogen production method and the state of the product, the method for determining the allocation of product carbon emissions includes:

[0018] When the products are all gases, the volume distribution method is determined as the distribution method for product carbon emissions.

[0019] Furthermore, according to the hydrogen production method and the state of the product, the method for determining the allocation of product carbon emissions includes:

[0020] When not all of the multiple products are gases and the products are produced in proportion, the molar distribution method is determined as the method for distributing carbon emissions among the products.

[0021] Furthermore, according to the hydrogen production method and the state of the product, the method for determining the allocation of product carbon emissions includes:

[0022] When the multiple products contain energy and the corresponding products can obtain low calorific value, the energy allocation method is determined as the allocation method for product carbon emissions.

[0023] Furthermore, according to the hydrogen production method and the state of the product, the method for determining the allocation of product carbon emissions includes:

[0024] When the quantity of the multiple products is greater than a preset value and the corresponding products cannot obtain calorific value, the mass allocation method is determined as the allocation method for the product carbon emissions.

[0025] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for determining a hydrogen carbon footprint, comprising:

[0026] An acquisition module is used to obtain hydrogen production process data;

[0027] an analytical module for determining the presence of multiple products and multiple feedstocks in a hydrogen production process; and

[0028] The data processing module is used to determine the distribution method of product carbon emissions based on the hydrogen production method and the status of the products when there are multiple products; determine the carbon emissions of hydrogen in the hydrogen production process based on the distribution method; and trace the carbon footprint of each raw material when there are multiple raw materials to form the hydrogen carbon footprint.

[0029] Furthermore, the device further comprises:

[0030] The division module is used to divide the complete hydrogen production process into the raw material acquisition link, the raw material transportation link, the hydrogen production and manufacturing link, and the on-site storage and transportation link; for each link, the carbon emissions related to hydrogen are determined to form the hydrogen carbon footprint.

[0031] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium for storing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that when the computer-executable instructions are executed, the steps of the method for determining the hydrogen carbon footprint described in any one of the first aspects are implemented.

[0032] Compared with the existing technology, this application can at least achieve the following technical effects:

[0033] Based on the raw materials involved in the hydrogen production process and considering the impact of other processes on the hydrogen production process, the carbon footprint of hydrogen can be refined in real time. Based on the products involved in the hydrogen production process, the process can be more objectively determined according to actual conditions to achieve a precise carbon footprint. By continuously improving and accurately determining the carbon footprint, companies can gain a comprehensive and clear understanding of the carbon emissions of the hydrogen production process, which in turn helps hydrogen producers and buyers assess their own carbon assets. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for determining the carbon footprint of hydrogen provided in one or more embodiments of this specification;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for determining the carbon footprint of hydrogen provided in one or more embodiments of this specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification, the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in one or more embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on one or more embodiments of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this document.

[0038] The calculation of the carbon footprint of hydrogen production is complicated for two main reasons:

[0039] First, many plants don't set up a single hydrogen production process line, but instead opt to install multiple sets of production lines. The materials used in these production lines often complement each other, meaning that even if two plants have the same hydrogen production process name, their feedstocks and products may differ. Therefore, simply determining the carbon footprint of hydrogen based solely on the name of the existing process and the materials involved can lead to inaccurate carbon footprint determinations, ultimately impacting the carbon asset assessments of both hydrogen producers and buyers.

[0040] Second, the specific process of hydrogen production is relatively complex. The hydrogen production process usually involves complex redox reactions, so even a slight change in conditions will affect the final form and final composition of the product. This means that the factory may adjust the process conditions according to market demand to obtain products of different forms or different compositions. For example, the hydrogen content in water gas is selected according to market price fluctuations. In this process, the corresponding carbon emissions of products of different product forms or different compositions are different. The carbon footprint factor in existing technologies may only be applicable to one or a few scenarios, and it is difficult to adapt to more product forms and components.

[0041] To solve the above technical problems, this application proposes a method for determining the carbon footprint of hydrogen, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0042] Step 1: Obtain hydrogen production process data.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen production process data mainly includes: the type of electricity used in product production and its amount, the type of heat used in product production and its amount and transportation method, the type of fuel and its amount and transportation method, the name of raw and auxiliary materials and their component content, amount and transportation method, the type and output of co-products, the type and output of waste, etc. Among them, the type of electricity used is green electricity or non-green electricity. In actual scenarios, in order to achieve multi-dimensional evaluation of the hydrogen production process, the production route and transportation type can also be added to the hydrogen production process data.

[0044] Step 2: Determine whether there are multiple products and multiple raw materials in the hydrogen production process based on the hydrogen production process data.

[0045] In the examples of this application, in order to address the above-mentioned issues, we first determine whether the products and raw materials are diverse, and then use this as a basis to determine the corresponding method for evaluating the carbon footprint.

[0046] Step 3: When there are multiple products, determine the method for allocating product carbon emissions based on the hydrogen production method and the state of the products.

[0047] In the embodiments of the present application, the hydrogen production methods include: coal gasification hydrogen production, natural gas / biogas reforming hydrogen production, coke oven gas hydrogen production, coke oven gas direct hydrogen production, coke oven gas to methanol purge gas hydrogen production, coke oven gas to ethylene glycol purge gas hydrogen production, water electrolysis hydrogen production, pyrolysis water hydrogen production, chlor-alkali chemical by-product hydrogen, propane dehydrogenation, naphtha reforming hydrogen production and ethane cracking hydrogen production.

[0048] Methods for allocating product carbon emissions include energy allocation, volume allocation, molar allocation, and mass allocation. The energy allocation method is applicable to processes where co-products contain energy, and allocation is based on the ratio of the lower heating value of hydrogen and co-products. Heat and electricity output within the boundary should also be allocated as co-products.

[0049] The volumetric allocation method is applicable to processes where all co-products are gases, and allocation is based on the volume ratio of hydrogen to co-products. (For example, the products of hydrogen production from water electrolysis are only hydrogen and oxygen, both in gaseous form.)

[0050] The mole distribution method is applicable to processes where the co-products are not all gases and are produced in proportion to hydrogen. The distribution is based on the molar ratio of hydrogen to the co-products. (For example, the chlor-alkali chemical industry produces hydrogen as a by-product, and the products are chlorine, oxygen, hydrogen, and sodium hydroxide. These products are in various forms, so the volume distribution method cannot be used. Furthermore, products such as chlorine and oxygen do not contain energy, so the energy distribution method cannot be used.)

[0051] The mass allocation method is suitable for processes with a wide variety of products and where calorific value cannot be obtained. The allocation is based on the mass ratio of hydrogen and co-products.

[0052] The matching relationship between hydrogen production methods and product carbon emission allocation methods is shown in Table 1:

[0053] Table 1 Common hydrogen production methods and recommended distribution methods

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] Step 4: Determine the carbon emissions of hydrogen in the hydrogen production process based on the allocation method.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, after the allocation method is determined, the carbon emissions of hydrogen in the hydrogen production process are determined based on the conservation of energy and conservation of matter.

[0058] Step 5: When there are multiple raw materials, trace the carbon footprint of each raw material to form the hydrogen carbon footprint.

[0059] In the examples of this application, when multiple raw materials are present, the carbon footprint of each raw material is traced. If the traceability results indicate that the raw material is an intermediate product, the carbon footprint of the hydrogen is determined according to the calculation rules for intermediate products. If the traceability results indicate that the raw material is a product of another process, the carbon footprint of the raw material's transportation, storage, and preparation processes is determined and incorporated into the carbon footprint of the hydrogen.

[0060] It can be seen from this that this application directly calculates the carbon footprint of hydrogen based on monitoring hydrogen production products and hydrogen production raw materials, avoiding the use of carbon footprint factors of existing technologies, while taking into account the interactions between various production lines in the factory, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the carbon footprint and creating conditions for hydrogen production companies and hydrogen purchasing companies to subsequently evaluate their own carbon assets.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen production process includes other links in addition to the hydrogen production process. In order to further obtain a complete carbon footprint, the complete hydrogen production process is divided into the raw material acquisition stage, the raw material transportation stage, the hydrogen production and manufacturing stage, and the on-site storage and transportation stage. According to the hydrogen production process, the raw material acquisition stage, the raw material transportation stage, the hydrogen production and manufacturing stage, and the on-site storage and transportation stage are divided, and multiple hydrogen production links are determined. For each link, the carbon emissions related to hydrogen are determined to form the hydrogen carbon footprint.

[0062] For example, the "cradle-to-gate" product carbon footprint accounting method includes the raw material acquisition stage, the raw material transportation stage, the hydrogen production and manufacturing stage, and the on-site storage and transportation stage. The design, manufacture, and construction process of fixed assets during the production and manufacturing stage, as well as the ancillary systems that provide support for production (such as canteens and dormitories), are not included in the product system boundary.

[0063] The above stages are divided into multiple links, including: material and fossil fuel input, fossil fuel combustion, electricity and heat consumption, industrial production process, transportation process, waste disposal and carbon dioxide capture and storage.

[0064] The carbon emissions of each link are as follows:

[0065] 1. Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from material and fossil fuel inputs:

[0066]

[0067] Where:

[0068] E raw - Greenhouse gas emissions corresponding to the company's material or fossil fuel inputs, in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0069] AD j - the amount of material or fossil fuel used of type j;

[0070] EF j ——The corresponding cradle-to-gate carbon footprint emission factor for material or fossil fuel j.

[0071] Calculating greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion

[0072]

[0073] Where:

[0074] E comb - Greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion, in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0075] AD j ——the amount of fossil fuel used;

[0076] CC j - the carbon content of fossil fuel j, expressed in tons of carbon per ton of fuel (tC / t) for solid and liquid fuels and tons of carbon per 10,000 normal cubic meters (tC / 10,000 Nm3) for gaseous fuels. 3 ) as the unit;

[0077] OF j ——Carbon oxidation rate of fossil fuel j, in %.

[0078] 2. Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from electricity and heat consumption

[0079] Among them, the greenhouse gas emissions generated by electricity consumption are calculated as follows:

[0080] E e =AD e ×EF e

[0081] Where:

[0082] E e - Greenhouse gas emissions from electricity production corresponding to electricity consumption, in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0083] AD e- electricity consumption, in megawatt-hours (MWh);

[0084] EF e ——Regional grid carbon footprint emission factor, in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per megawatt hour (tCO2e / MWh).

[0085] 3. Greenhouse gas emissions from heat consumption are calculated as follows:

[0086] E heae =AD heat ×EF heat

[0087] Where:

[0088] E heat - Greenhouse gas emissions from heat production corresponding to heat consumption, in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0089] AD heat ——heat consumption, in gigajoules (GJ);

[0090] EF heat ——Carbon footprint emission factor of heat consumption, in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent per gigajoules (tCO2e / GJ).

[0091] Renewable energy and carbon offset rules are proposed for the energy and power components of this process. This means that renewable energy electricity purchased through market-based transactions by applicants who do not directly produce renewable energy can be considered renewable energy. Renewable energy electricity includes not only green certificates purchased from the China Green Electricity Certificate Subscription and Trading Platform, but also other industry-recognized forms of renewable energy electricity trading, such as direct supply agreements from renewable energy power plants or green electricity consumption certificates. The renewable energy electricity consumption cycle must fall within the evaluation period, and the supplier must be located within the same regional power grid as the applicant. If the applicant has other power-consuming facilities (including utilities) outside the hydrogen production process boundary, they must provide a statement of the total renewable energy electricity consumption used in the hydrogen production process. If only a portion of the hydrogen production process is powered by renewable energy, the applicant may determine, based on the ratio of hydrogen production to electricity consumption during the evaluation period, whether renewable energy electricity is used for partial or full hydrogen production. Applicants must retain all relevant transaction records for renewable energy electricity for verification. Applicants must complete the write-off of renewable energy electricity after use and may not reuse previously written-off renewable energy electricity. Applicants should not use the emission reductions generated by carbon reduction projects outside the project boundary to offset the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of hydrogen.

[0092] 4. Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from industrial production processes

[0093] Greenhouse gas emissions from industrial processes can be divided into: greenhouse gas emissions from the use of energy and other hydrocarbons as raw materials, greenhouse gas emissions from the use of carbonates, and greenhouse gas emissions from the use of industrial refrigerants.

[0094] Among them, greenhouse gas emissions generated by energy and other hydrocarbons used as raw materials are calculated using the carbon mass balance method based on the carbon content of raw material input and product output:

[0095]

[0096] Where:

[0097] E csm - Greenhouse gas emissions from energy and other hydrocarbons used as raw materials, expressed in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0098] r - the type of raw materials entering the system boundary, such as specific types of fossil fuels, specific names of hydrocarbons, carbon electrodes, and CO2 raw materials;

[0099] AD r ——The input amount of raw material r, in tons (t) for solid or liquid raw materials and in ten thousand normal cubic meters (10,000 Nm3) for gaseous raw materials. 3 ) as the unit;

[0100] CC r - Carbon content of raw material r, expressed in tons of carbon per ton (tC / t) for solid or liquid raw materials and tons of carbon per 10,000 normal cubic meters (tC / 10,000 Nm3) for gaseous raw materials. 3 ) as the unit;

[0101] p——Types of carbon-containing products flowing out of the system boundary, including main products, co-products, by-products, etc. with specific names;

[0102] AD p - the output of carbon-containing products p, in tons (t) for solid or liquid products and in ten thousand normal cubic meters (Nm3) for gaseous products. 3 ) as the unit;

[0103] CC p - The carbon content of carbon-containing products p, expressed in tons of carbon per ton (tC / t) for solid or liquid products and tons of carbon per 10,000 normal cubic meters (tC / 10,000 Nm3) for gaseous products. 3 ) as the unit;

[0104] w——Other carbon-containing outputs that flow out of the system boundary and are not included in the product category, such as slag, dust, sludge and other carbon-containing wastes;

[0105] ADw ——output of carbon-containing waste p, in tons (t);

[0106] CC w ——Carbon content of carbonaceous waste w, in tons of carbon per ton (tC / t).

[0107] Emissions from the use of carbonates are calculated based on the amount, purity and greenhouse gas emission factor of each carbonate used.

[0108]

[0109] Where:

[0110] E RCO3 - Greenhouse gas emissions from the use of carbonates, expressed in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e); i is the type of carbonate;

[0111] AD i ——Total consumption of carbonate i used as raw materials, flux and desulfurizer, in tons (t);

[0112] EF i ——CO2 emission factor for carbonate i, in tonnes of CO2 equivalent per tonne of carbonate i (tCO2e / t);

[0113] PUR i ——Purity of carbonate i, in %.

[0114] Emissions from the use of refrigerants containing greenhouse gases in the production of products are calculated based on the refrigerant consumption, purity and global warming potential (GWP):

[0115]

[0116] Where:

[0117] E ref - Greenhouse gas emissions from industrial refrigerant use, in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0118] AD t ——The consumption of the tth greenhouse gas in the refrigerant, in tons (t). Please refer to the accounting method for refrigerant greenhouse gas emissions in the IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories;

[0119] PUR t ——the purity of greenhouse gas t in the refrigerant, in %;

[0120] GWP t ——Global warming potential over 100 years (GWP100) of the tth greenhouse gas in the refrigerant, refer to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report.

[0121] 5. Calculate greenhouse gas emissions generated during transportation

[0122] E txp =AD d ×EF txp1

[0123]

[0124] Where:

[0125] E txp - Greenhouse gas emissions from the transport process, in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0126] AD d ——Distance traveled by specific mode of transport, in kilometers (km);

[0127] AD fuel ——Fuel consumption for specific mode of transport, in liters (L);

[0128] EF fuel - Emission factors corresponding to the types of fuel consumed for transport, in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0129] EF txp1 - the emission factor per unit transport distance calculated based on the fuel consumption and the corresponding emission factor for the specific transport mode, in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilometer (tCO2e / km);

[0130] If detailed fuel consumption data cannot be collected during transportation, general data related to specific means of transport can be used, such as the unit mileage emission factor, for calculation. The specific calculation is as follows:

[0131] E txp =AD d ×AD k ×EF txp2 ÷1000

[0132] Where:

[0133] AD k ——the amount of material k used, in tons (t);

[0134] EF txp2 ——Emission factor per unit mileage corresponding to specific means of transport, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per ton-kilometer [(kgCO2e / (t·km)]].

[0135] 6. Calculate greenhouse gas emissions from waste disposal

[0136] Greenhouse gas emissions from waste disposal are related to the disposal method and are calculated as follows:

[0137] E w =AD w ×EF w ÷1000

[0138] Where:

[0139] E w - Greenhouse gas emissions from waste disposal, in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0140] AD w ——Amount of waste disposed, in kilograms (kg);

[0141] EF w ——Emission factor corresponding to the specific waste disposal method, in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent / ton (tCO2e / t).

[0142] 7. Calculate carbon emissions from CO2 capture and storage

[0143] For CO2 capture and storage within the system boundary, only the amount of CO2 permanently stored can be deducted. The deduction is calculated as follows:

[0144] R CCS =Q×PUR CCS ×19.77

[0145] Where:

[0146] R CCS ——Amount of carbon dioxide captured and permanently stored within the boundaries of the hydrogen production enterprise, in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2)

[0147] Q is the volume of CO2 gas permanently stored in CO2 capture and storage within the system boundary, in ten thousand normal cubic meters (ten thousand Nm3). 3 );

[0148] PUR CCS ——Purity of captured and permanently stored carbon dioxide gas, in %;

[0149] 19.77——The density of CO2 gas, in tons of carbon dioxide / 10,000 standard cubic meters (tCO2 / 10,000 Nm 3 ).

[0150] In this case, electricity and heat consumed for CO2 capture and storage and greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion are included in the system boundary, and activity data should be included in the hydrogen production stage.

[0151] 8. Summarize greenhouse gas emissions from hydrogen production

[0152] The greenhouse gas emissions from the hydrogen production process are equal to the sum of the greenhouse gas emissions from the raw material acquisition stage, raw material transportation stage, hydrogen production stage, and on-site storage and transportation stage within the system boundary, minus the amount of carbon dioxide captured and stored. The formula is as follows:

[0153]

[0154] Where:

[0155] E is the cradle-to-gate greenhouse gas emissions of hydrogen (or its intermediates), expressed in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0156] E raw ——Greenhouse gas emissions during the acquisition of hydrogen raw materials and auxiliary materials, in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0157] E comb - Greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion, expressed in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0158] E e - Greenhouse gas emissions from electricity consumption, in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0159] E heat - Greenhouse gas emissions from heat production corresponding to heat consumption, in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0160] E csm - Greenhouse gas emissions from energy and other hydrocarbons used as raw materials, in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e)

[0161] E RCO3 - Greenhouse gas emissions from the use of carbonates, expressed in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e); i is the type of carbonate;

[0162] E ref - Greenhouse gas emissions from industrial refrigerant use, in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0163] E txp - Greenhouse gas emissions from the transport process, in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0164] E w - Greenhouse gas emissions from waste disposal, in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0165] RCCS ——The amount of carbon dioxide captured and permanently stored within the boundaries of the hydrogen production enterprise, in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2).

[0166] In the embodiment of the present application, the method for determining the allocation of product carbon emissions is specifically as follows:

[0167] When the products are all gases, the volume distribution method is determined as the distribution method for product carbon emissions.

[0168] When not all of the multiple products are gases and the products are produced in proportion, the molar distribution method is determined as the method for distributing carbon emissions among the products.

[0169] When the multiple products contain energy and the corresponding products can obtain calorific value, the energy allocation method is determined as the allocation method for the product carbon emissions.

[0170] When the quantity of the multiple products is greater than a preset value and the corresponding products cannot obtain calorific value, the mass allocation method is determined as the allocation method for the product carbon emissions.

[0171] The embodiment of the present application provides a device for determining the carbon footprint of hydrogen, such as Figure 2 As shown, including:

[0172] Acquisition module 201, used to acquire hydrogen production process data;

[0173] An analysis module 202 for determining whether multiple products and multiple raw materials exist in the hydrogen production process; and

[0174] The data processing module 203 is used to determine the distribution method of the carbon emissions of the products according to the hydrogen production method and the status of the products when there are multiple products; determine the carbon emissions of hydrogen in the hydrogen production process according to the distribution method; and trace the carbon footprint of each raw material when there are multiple raw materials to form the hydrogen carbon footprint.

[0175] In an embodiment of the present application, the device also includes: a division module for dividing the complete hydrogen production process into the raw material acquisition link, the raw material transportation link, the hydrogen production and manufacturing link, and the on-site storage and transportation link; for each link, the carbon emissions related to hydrogen are determined to form a hydrogen carbon footprint.

[0176] An embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium for storing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that when the computer-executable instructions are executed, the steps of the method for determining the hydrogen carbon footprint of any one of the embodiments are implemented.

[0177] It should be noted that the embodiment of the storage medium in this specification and the embodiment of the blockchain-based service provision method in this specification are based on the same inventive concept. Therefore, the specific implementation of this embodiment can refer to the implementation of the corresponding blockchain-based service provision method mentioned above, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0178] The foregoing description of this specification describes specific embodiments. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that described in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order shown or the sequential order to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0179] In the 1930s, technological improvements could be clearly distinguished as either hardware improvements (for example, improvements to circuit structures like diodes, transistors, and switches) or software improvements (improvements to process flows). However, with the advancement of technology, many process flow improvements today can now be considered direct improvements to hardware circuit structures. Designers almost always create the corresponding hardware circuit structure by programming the improved process flow into the hardware circuit. Therefore, it cannot be said that a process flow improvement cannot be implemented using hardware modules. For example, a programmable logic device (PLD), such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), is an integrated circuit whose logical function is determined by user programming. Designers can "integrate" a digital system on a PLD by programming it themselves, without having to hire a chip manufacturer to design and manufacture a dedicated integrated circuit chip. Moreover, nowadays, instead of manually fabricating integrated circuit chips, this programming is mostly done using "logic compiler" software. This is similar to the software compiler used when developing programs. Before compilation, the original code must also be written in a specific programming language, called a hardware description language (HDL). There is not just one HDL, but many, such as ABEL (Advanced Boolean Expression Language), AHDL (Altera Hardware Description Language), Confluence, CUPL (Cornell University Programming Language), HDCal, JHDL (Java Hardware Description Language), Lava, Lola, MyHDL, PALASM, RHDL (Ruby Hardware Description Language), etc. The most commonly used ones are VHDL (Very-High-Speed ​​Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language) and Verilog. Those skilled in the art will also understand that by simply programming the method flow in one of these hardware description languages ​​and then programming it into an integrated circuit, a hardware circuit that implements the logic method flow can be easily obtained.

[0180] The controller can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, the controller can take the form of a microprocessor or processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (e.g., software or firmware) executable by the (micro)processor, logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers. Examples of controllers include, but are not limited to, the following microcontrollers: ARC 625D, Atmel AT91SAM, Microchip PIC18F26K20, and Silicone Labs C8051F320. The memory controller can also be implemented as part of the control logic of the memory. Those skilled in the art will also know that in addition to implementing the controller in a purely computer-readable program code format, the controller can be implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the devices included therein for implementing various functions can also be considered as structures within the hardware component. Or even, the devices for implementing various functions can be considered as both software modules that implement the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0181] The systems, devices, modules, or units described in the above embodiments may be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products having certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer. Specifically, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.

[0182] For the convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units according to their functions. Of course, when implementing the embodiments of this specification, the functions of each unit can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware.

[0183] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that one or more embodiments of this specification may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Thus, one or more embodiments of this specification may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this specification may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0184] This specification is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of this specification. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0185] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0186] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0187] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0188] Memory may include non-permanent storage in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0189] Computer-readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory computer-readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0190] It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0191] One or more embodiments of this specification may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, and the like that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. One or more embodiments of this specification may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0192] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to in conjunction with each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences between the other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are generally similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple. For relevant parts, refer to the description of the method embodiments.

[0193] The foregoing description is merely an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the claims herein.

Claims

1. A method for determining the carbon footprint of hydrogen, characterized in that: include: Obtain hydrogen production process data; Based on the hydrogen production process data, determine whether there are multiple products and multiple raw materials in the hydrogen production process; When there are multiple products, the method for allocating product carbon emissions is determined based on the hydrogen production method and the state of the products; Determining the carbon emissions of hydrogen in a hydrogen production process according to the allocation method; as well as When there are multiple raw materials, the carbon footprint of each raw material is traced to form the carbon footprint of hydrogen.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: The complete hydrogen production process is divided into the raw material acquisition stage, the raw material transportation stage, the hydrogen production and manufacturing stage, and the on-site storage and transportation stage; According to the hydrogen production process, the raw material acquisition stage, the raw material transportation stage, the hydrogen production stage and the on-site storage and transportation stage are divided to determine multiple hydrogen production links; and For each of the steps, the carbon emissions associated with hydrogen are determined to form a hydrogen carbon footprint.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The distribution methods of the product carbon emission include: energy distribution method, volume distribution method, mole distribution method and mass distribution method.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Based on the hydrogen production method and the state of the product, the allocation method for determining the product carbon emissions includes: When the products are all gases, the volume distribution method is determined as the distribution method for product carbon emissions.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the hydrogen production method and the state of the product, the allocation method for determining the product carbon emissions includes: When not all of the multiple products are gases and the products are produced in proportion, the molar distribution method is determined as the distribution method for product carbon emissions.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Based on the hydrogen production method and the state of the product, the allocation method for determining the product carbon emissions includes: When the multiple products contain energy and the corresponding products can obtain low calorific value, the energy allocation method is determined as the allocation method of product carbon emissions.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Based on the hydrogen production method and the state of the product, the allocation method for determining the product carbon emissions includes: When the quantity of the multiple products is greater than a preset value and the corresponding products cannot obtain calorific value, the mass allocation method is determined as the allocation method for the product carbon emissions.

8. A device for determining the carbon footprint of hydrogen, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, used for acquiring hydrogen production process data; an analysis module for determining the presence of multiple products and multiple feedstocks in a hydrogen production process; as well as The data processing module is used to determine the allocation method of the carbon emissions of the products according to the hydrogen production method and the status of the products when there are multiple products; determine the carbon emissions of hydrogen in the hydrogen production process according to the allocation method; and trace the carbon footprint of each raw material when there are multiple raw materials to form a hydrogen carbon footprint.

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device also includes: The division module is used to divide the complete hydrogen production process into the raw material and auxiliary material acquisition link, the raw material and auxiliary material transportation link, the hydrogen production and manufacturing link, and the on-site storage and transportation link; for each link, the carbon emissions related to hydrogen are determined to form the hydrogen carbon footprint.

10. A storage medium for storing computer executable instructions, characterized in that: When the computer executable instructions are executed, the steps of the method for determining the hydrogen carbon footprint of any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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