Column graph model construction method and system for evaluating radiotherapy body position fixing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical radiotherapy, in particular to a method for constructing a column graph model for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixing device, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, determining an evaluation index, and then evaluating through economic analysis by setting a central information platform for intercommunication between a patient and a doctor and designing an applet structure based on daily use WeChat, in the radiotherapy process, after the body position fixing device is used, the body position fixing device does not need to stay in a hospital, and the comfort level of the body position fixing device can be evaluated at any time or any place by logging in an applet through a mobile phone; the doctor end can evaluate items such as curative effect, stability and repeatability through the applet structure and completely read various evaluation indexes of the fixing device, so that subsequent use of the fixing device can be reasonably screened conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical radiotherapy, and particularly to a nomogram model construction method and system for evaluating a radiotherapy position fixation device. Background Art

[0002] During the radiotherapy of malignant tumors, precise positioning is crucial for implementing effective radiotherapy. In order to ensure precise radiotherapy of tumors, a position fixation device has become one of the essential tools. The setup error in radiotherapy is directly related to the repeatability of patient position fixation. A position fixation device with higher repeatability can effectively reduce the setup error, enabling the tumor target area to be accurately irradiated and improving the quality of radiotherapy. Research has confirmed that position fixation can reduce the setup error during radiotherapy by fixing the patient's body position and restricting the patient's movement during radiotherapy, ensuring that the tumor is accurately irradiated, improving the precision of radiotherapy, minimizing damage to surrounding normal tissues to the greatest extent, and at the same time, selecting a suitable position fixation device can reduce the setup time.

[0003] After retrieval, based on the authorized publication number CN103055424A, it discloses a device and method for automatically registering and fusing radiotherapy efficacy evaluation based on CT / MRI dual-position scanning, belonging to the field of medical technology. The device includes a CT / MRI body, a CT / MRI scanning bed, a four-quadrant scanning plate, and a computer equipped with image registration and fusion software; the four-quadrant scanning plate is square, and two intersecting diagonal rods are embedded in the square diagonal; both ends of the two diagonal rods are sealed, and cavities are opened inside, and the cavities communicate with each other and are filled with grease; the computer is connected to the CT / MRI body; the method steps include the production and wearing of a head mold, the CT / MRI positioning assisted by the four-quadrant scanning plate, the CT / MRI positioning scan, the registration, fusion, and efficacy evaluation based on pixel points. The beneficial effect is to utilize pixel values to realize the automatic registration and fusion of arbitrary radiotherapy positioning scan images in dual positions, facilitating objective evaluation of radiotherapy efficacy by medical staff.

[0004] Currently, during the implementation of radiotherapy, it is necessary to ensure that the patient's radiotherapy position remains unchanged. At this time, it is necessary to use a position fixation device for auxiliary positioning. However, when using the position fixation device, there are still deviations in radiotherapy accuracy and poor patient comfort. Since radiotherapy is different from chemotherapy, after the basic radiotherapy is completed, the patient will leave the hospital, resulting in the hospital being unable to conduct timely and effective statistics on the patient's comfort. Moreover, regarding the feedback on radiotherapy accuracy, it is also impossible to communicate with the patient in a timely manner, resulting in the position fixation device only being able to be statistically analyzed through scattered data during long-term use, which causes certain errors in the long-term use by doctors and the treatment accuracy of different patients. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for constructing a nomogram model for evaluating radiotherapy position fixation devices.

[0006] Method for constructing a nomogram model for evaluating radiotherapy position fixation devices:

[0007] First step: Determine evaluation indicators;

[0008] Patient comfort: The comfort level of the patient in the fixation device, evaluated through questionnaires or physiological parameters;

[0009] Fixation stability: The ability of the fixation device to keep the patient's position unchanged during treatment, evaluated through imaging examinations or pre-treatment image guidance techniques

[0010] Repeatability: The ability of the fixation device to maintain the same position during multiple treatments, evaluated through repeated measurements and statistical analysis;

[0011] Radiotherapy effect: The impact of the fixation device on the radiotherapy effect, evaluated through clinical indicators such as tumor control rate and survival rate;

[0012] Operational convenience: Whether the production and placement of the fixation device are convenient, evaluated through the ease of the positioning time;

[0013] Cost-benefit: The cost and service life of the fixation device, evaluated through economic analysis;

[0014] Second step: Data collection, for each evaluation indicator, collect relevant data;

[0015] Clinical trials: Through the design and implementation of clinical trials, collect data on various indicators of patients before and after using the fixation device;

[0016] Questionnaire surveys: Distribute questionnaires to patients to collect their subjective evaluations of the comfort and operational convenience of the fixation device;

[0017] Imaging examinations: Through CT and MR imaging examinations for pre-treatment image guidance, evaluate the stability and repeatability of the fixation device;

[0018] Economic analysis: Through cost-benefit analysis, evaluate the cost and economic benefits of the fixation device;

[0019] Third step: Data analysis, conduct statistical analysis on the collected data;

[0020] Descriptive statistics: Calculate descriptive statistics such as the mean and standard deviation of each indicator;

[0021] Correlation analysis: Analyze the correlation between different indicators to find the key factors affecting the effect of the fixation device;

[0022] Regression analysis: Establish a regression model to predict the effect of the fixation device;

[0023] Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA): Comprehensively consider multiple evaluation indicators, and through weight assignment and comprehensive scoring, obtain the final evaluation result;

[0024] Step 4: Model construction. Based on the results of data analysis, construct a comprehensive evaluation model;

[0025] Step 5: Model verification. Verify the constructed evaluation model to ensure its reliability and effectiveness;

[0026] The verification methods may include:

[0027] S1. Cross-validation: Divide the data set into a training set and a validation set, which are used for model construction and model verification respectively;

[0028] S2. Sensitivity analysis: Analyze the sensitivity of the model to different parameter changes to ensure the robustness of the model;

[0029] Step 6: Based on the evaluation results of the model, conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the radiotherapy position fixation device and put forward improvement suggestions.

[0030] Furthermore, based on radiotherapy for malignant tumors, by determining the use of the position fixation device during radiotherapy, the factors affecting radiotherapy accuracy and the factors affecting patient comfort.

[0031] Furthermore, the factors affecting radiotherapy accuracy include clinical data and radiotherapy data, and then based on the Lasso regression model, the prediction factors affecting radiotherapy accuracy are calculated.

[0032] Furthermore, the factors affecting patient comfort include the usage experience and overall satisfaction, and then based on the Lasso regression model, the prediction factors affecting patient comfort are calculated.

[0033] Furthermore, there are several such prediction factors. Through multi-factor logistic regression analysis, a dynamic nomogram prediction model for the position fixation device can be obtained, and clinical applications, data accumulation, and model evaluation are carried out based on the dynamic nomogram of shiny, WeChat mini-program, or web page.

[0034] The nomogram model construction system for radiotherapy position fixation device evaluation is applied to the nomogram model construction method for radiotherapy position fixation device evaluation described above. According to the model construction in Step 4, the content is as follows:

[0035] A1. Requirement analysis. Set the target users as doctors and patients;

[0036] Main functions: patients submit feedback on their conditions, doctors view and reply to patients' feedback, message notification function, user authentication (login, registration);

[0037] A2. Technology Selection

[0038] A2a. Front-end: WeChat Mini Program development framework;

[0039] A2b. Back-end: Node.js, Python, Java;

[0040] A2c. Database: MySQL, MongoDB;

[0041] A2d. Server: Cloud server;

[0042] A3. Design and Development

[0043] A3a. Front-end Development

[0044] A3a1. Create a project: Open the WeChat Developer Tools, select "New Project", fill in the project name and path, select the "Mini Program" type, and enter the AppID;

[0045] A3a2. Page Design:

[0046] Home page: Display different entrances for patients and doctors;

[0047] Patient page: Include a form for submitting feedback on the condition;

[0048] Doctor page: Display the feedback list of patients and provide a reply function;

[0049] Message notification page: Display the latest message notifications;

[0050] A3a3. Component Development:

[0051] Form component: Used for patients to submit feedback on their conditions;

[0052] A3a4. List component;

[0053] Message notification component: Used to display the latest message notifications;

[0054] A3a5. Data Binding and Interaction:

[0055] Use the data binding mechanism of the WeChat Mini Program to pass the data entered by the user to the back-end;

[0056] Use the wx.request() method to interact with the back-end for data;

[0057] A3b. Back-end Development

[0058] A3b1. Set up the server:

[0059] Deploy the Node.js environment on the cloud server, create an Express application, and set up routes and middleware.

[0060] A3b2. Database design:

[0061] Design a user table (to store information of doctors and patients).

[0062] Design a feedback table (to store patients' feedback and doctors' responses).

[0063] Design a message notification table (to store message notification information).

[0064] A3b3. API development:

[0065] User authentication API: including registration and login interfaces.

[0066] Feedback submission API: an interface for patients to submit their medical condition feedback.

[0067] Feedback viewing API: an interface for doctors to view patients' feedback.

[0068] Response submission API: an interface for doctors to submit responses to patients' feedback.

[0069] Message notification API: an interface for sending and receiving message notifications.

[0070] A4. Testing and optimization

[0071] A4a. Unit testing: Conduct unit tests on the functions of the front and back ends to ensure that each module works properly.

[0072] A4b. Integration testing: Conduct integration tests on the processes of the entire system to ensure the collaborative work of each module.

[0073] A4c. Performance optimization: Optimize the front and back end codes to improve the system's response speed and user experience.

[0074] A5. Deployment and release

[0075] A5a. Front-end deployment: Package the WeChat mini-program and upload it to the WeChat public platform for review.

[0076] A5b. Back-end deployment: Deploy the back-end service to the cloud server and configure the domain name and SSL certificate.

[0077] A5c. Release and go live: After passing the review, release the WeChat mini-program for users to use.

[0078] A6. Maintenance and update

[0079] A6a. User feedback: Collect user feedback and continuously improve system functions and user experience;

[0080] A6b. Regular updates: Regularly update and maintain the system according to user needs and technological developments.

[0081] Furthermore, according to the backend described in A2, it can be used as the background, with doctors as administrators, the front end as the user interface, patients as visitors, and the front-end information being supervised by the backend platform.

[0082] Furthermore, the front-end information includes patient evaluations, and the backend information includes doctor evaluations, patient feedback, and doctor feedback.

[0083] Furthermore, the patient evaluation includes a comfort nomogram, and the doctor evaluation includes a radiotherapy effect nomogram, a convenience nomogram, a repeatability nomogram, and a stability connection diagram.

[0084] Furthermore, the patient feedback sets sampling nodes:

[0085] B1. Date t (t 0 , t △ ), with the minimum range being the current day period and the maximum range being within 30 days;

[0086] B2. Number of people p (p 1 , p n ), with the minimum number of people being 1 person and the maximum number not exceeding 50 people. The number of people must be determined within the date range;

[0087] The doctor feedback sets sampling nodes:

[0088] C1. Date t (t 0 , t △ ), with the minimum range being the current day period and the maximum range being within 30 days;

[0089] C2. Number of times s (s 1 , s n ), with the minimum number of times being 1 time and the maximum number not exceeding 100 times. The number of times must be determined within the date range.

[0090] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By setting up a central information platform for communication between patients and doctors, based on WeChat which is commonly used in daily life, a small program structure is designed. On the patient side, during radiotherapy, after using the body position fixation device, there is no need to stay in the hospital. By logging in to the small program with a mobile phone, the patient can evaluate the comfort of the body position fixation device at any time or place. On the doctor side, through this small program structure, evaluations of items such as treatment efficacy, stability, and repeatability can be carried out, and all evaluation indicators of this fixation device can be read completely, which is convenient for reasonable screening of its subsequent use. The evaluation model is a nomogram, and the comfort and stability can be scored by pulling the black dot on the interface. The operation is simple and fast. After each radiotherapy, the doctor can also score the radiotherapy effect, convenience, repeatability, and stability by moving the black dot on the corresponding interface after the patient uses the body position fixation device. When data aggregation needs to be carried out regularly, the doctor can manage it as a background, select the number of radiotherapy visits or the number of visits in a certain time period, and obtain the total score evaluation situation of the body position fixation device, so as to intuitively understand the quality of the currently used body position fixation device. Moreover, on the WeChat small program, not only scoring options are set, but also text communication can be carried out through data interaction to communicate about deficiencies and improvement points, maximizing the favorable comments on the application of the body position fixation device;

[0091] 2. As described in 1, the radiotherapy accuracy has a significant impact on the radiotherapy effect and prognosis of patients. By quantitatively studying the influencing factors of radiotherapy accuracy and patient comfort, it provides a basis for the selection of body position fixation devices in clinical practice. A dynamic nomogram of the radiotherapy body position fixation device is established on the web or APP, which can more intuitively reflect the probability and severity of the selected corresponding radiotherapy fixation device affecting radiotherapy accuracy and comfort;

[0092] 3. As described in 2, based on the prediction model of the body position fixation device with a dynamic nomogram, relying on the large clinical samples in the radiotherapy databases of various diseases in this center, it can provide a reference for the selection of body position fixation in this center in the early stage. In the later stage, with the continuous enrichment of multi-center cases and the continuous improvement of machine learning, the body position fixation nomogram model can be made as efficient and accurate as possible, and can better provide an indispensable reference for clinical work, thus benefiting more radiotherapy patients with malignant tumors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0093] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts do not necessarily draw according to the actual scale.

[0094] Figure 1It is the nomogram model technical roadmap of the body position fixation device evaluation system of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 2 It is the patient evaluation interface of the present invention;

[0096] Figure 3 It is the doctor evaluation interface of the present invention;

[0097] Figure 4 It is the patient feedback interface of the present invention;

[0098] Figure 5 It is the doctor feedback interface of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0099] Next, embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, so they are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0100] It should be noted that unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0101] As Figures 1-5 shown, the nomogram model construction method and system for radiotherapy body position fixation device evaluation, the nomogram model construction method for radiotherapy body position fixation device evaluation:

[0102] The first step: Determine the evaluation indexes;

[0103] Patient comfort: The comfort level of the patient in the fixation device, which can be evaluated through questionnaire surveys or physiological parameters (such as heart rate, blood pressure, etc.);

[0104] Fixation stability: The ability of the fixation device to keep the patient's body position unchanged during the treatment process, which is evaluated through imaging examinations or pre-treatment image guidance techniques;

[0105] Repeatability: The ability of the fixation device to keep the same body position during multiple treatments, which can be evaluated through repeated measurements and statistical analysis;

[0106] Radiotherapy effect: The influence of the fixation device on the radiotherapy effect, which can be evaluated through clinical indexes such as tumor control rate and survival rate;

[0107] Operational convenience: Whether the production and placement of the fixation device are convenient, which is evaluated through the difficulty level of the positioning time;

[0108] Cost-benefit: The cost and service life of the fixation device, which can be evaluated through economic analysis;

[0109] Step 2: Data collection. For each evaluation index, collect relevant data;

[0110] Clinical trials: By designing and implementing clinical trials, collect data on various indicators of patients before and after using the fixation device;

[0111] Questionnaire survey: Distribute questionnaires to patients to collect their subjective evaluations on aspects such as the comfort and operation convenience of the fixation device;

[0112] Imaging examination: Through CT and MR imaging examinations for image guidance before treatment, evaluate the stability and repeatability of the fixation device;

[0113] Economic analysis: Through cost-benefit analysis, evaluate the cost and economic benefits of the fixation device;

[0114] Step 3: Data analysis. Conduct statistical analysis on the collected data;

[0115] Descriptive statistics: Calculate descriptive statistics such as the mean and standard deviation of each indicator;

[0116] Correlation analysis: Analyze the correlation between different indicators to find out the key factors affecting the effect of the fixation device;

[0117] Regression analysis: Establish a regression model to predict the effect of the fixation device;

[0118] Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA): Considering multiple evaluation indicators comprehensively, through weight allocation and comprehensive scoring, obtain the final evaluation result;

[0119] Step 4: Model construction. Based on the results of data analysis, construct a comprehensive evaluation model;

[0120] Step 5: Model verification. Verify the constructed evaluation model to ensure its reliability and effectiveness;

[0121] The verification methods can include:

[0122] S1. Cross-validation: Divide the data set into a training set and a validation set, which are used for model construction and model verification respectively;

[0123] S2. Sensitivity analysis: Analyze the sensitivity of the model to changes in different parameters to ensure the robustness of the model;

[0124] Step 6: Based on the evaluation results of the model, conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the radiotherapy position fixation device and put forward improvement suggestions.

[0125] Based on radiotherapy for malignant tumors, by determining the use of the position fixation device during radiotherapy, for the factors affecting radiotherapy accuracy and the factors affecting patient comfort;

[0126] Factors affecting the accuracy of radiotherapy include clinical data and radiotherapy data, and predictors affecting the accuracy of radiotherapy are calculated based on the Lasso regression model;

[0127] Factors affecting patient comfort include usage experience and overall satisfaction, and predictors affecting patient comfort are calculated based on the Lasso regression model;

[0128] The solution methods of the LASSO model mainly include the soft threshold method, the cyclic coordinate descent method, the homotopy method, and the LARS algorithm

[0129] Soft threshold method

[0130] The soft threshold method is an effective LASSO solution method that realizes feature selection and parameter estimation by applying the soft threshold function to each regression coefficient. The definition of the soft threshold function is as follows:

[0131] S(z, λ) = sign(z)·max(|z| - λ, 0)

[0132] where z is the regression coefficient and λ is the penalty term parameter. The role of the soft threshold function is to compress the regression coefficient less than λ to 0, thereby realizing feature selection.

[0133] Cyclic coordinate descent method

[0134] The cyclic coordinate descent method is an iterative algorithm that minimizes the LASSO objective function by cyclically updating each regression coefficient. In each iteration, other regression coefficients are fixed and only one regression coefficient is updated.

[0135] The specific steps are as follows:

[0136] 1. Initialize the regression coefficient β;

[0137] 2. For each regression coefficient β j , fix other regression coefficients β j , and update β j ;

[0138]

[0139] 3. Repeat step 2 until convergence.

[0140] There are several predictors. Through multivariate logistic regression analysis, a dynamic nomogram prediction model for the body position fixation device can be obtained, and clinical applications, data accumulation, and model evaluation are carried out based on the dynamic nomogram of shiny, WeChat mini-programs, or web pages.

[0141] A nomogram model construction system for radiotherapy position fixation device evaluation, which is applied to the nomogram model construction method for radiotherapy position fixation device evaluation mentioned above. According to the model construction in the fourth step, the content is as follows:

[0142] A1. Requirement analysis, setting the target users as doctors and patients;

[0143] Main functions: patients submit disease feedback, doctors view and reply to patients' feedback, message notification function, user identity verification (login, registration);

[0144] A2. Technology selection

[0145] A2a. Front-end: WeChat mini-program development framework (such as WePY, mpvue, etc.);

[0146] A2b. Back-end: Node.js, Python, Java, etc.;

[0147] A2c. Database: MySQL, MongoDB, etc.;

[0148] A2d. Server: cloud server (such as Alibaba Cloud, Tencent Cloud);

[0149] A3. Design and development

[0150] A3a. Front-end development

[0151] A3a1. Create a project: Open the WeChat developer tool, select "New Project", fill in the project name and path, select the "mini-program" type, and enter the AppID (if not available, it can be applied for on the WeChat public platform);

[0152] A3a2. Page design:

[0153] Home page: Display different entrances for patients and doctors;

[0154] Patient page: Include a form for submitting disease feedback;

[0155] Doctor page: Display the patient feedback list and provide a reply function;

[0156] Message notification page: Display the latest message notifications;

[0157] A3a3. Component development:

[0158] Form component: Used for patients to submit disease feedback;

[0159] A3a4. List component: Used to display patient feedback and doctor replies;

[0160] Message notification component: Used to display the latest message notifications;

[0161] A3a4. Data Binding and Interaction:

[0162] Use the data binding mechanism of WeChat Mini Programs to pass the data input by users to the backend;

[0163] Use the wx.request() method to interact with the backend for data;

[0164] A3b. Backend Development

[0165] A3b1. Set up the server:

[0166] Deploy the Node.js environment on the cloud server, create an Express application, and set up routes and middleware;

[0167] A3b2. Database Design:

[0168] Design a user table (to store information of doctors and patients);

[0169] Design a feedback table (to store patient feedback and doctor responses);

[0170] Design a message notification table (to store message notification information);

[0171] A3b3. API Development:

[0172] User authentication API: including registration and login interfaces;

[0173] Feedback submission API: an interface for patients to submit disease feedback;

[0174] Feedback viewing API: an interface for doctors to view patient feedback;

[0175] Reply submission API: an interface for doctors to reply to patient feedback;

[0176] Message notification API: an interface for sending and receiving message notifications;

[0177] A4. Testing and Optimization

[0178] A4a. Unit testing: Conduct unit tests on the functions of the front and back ends to ensure that each module works properly;

[0179] A4b. Integration testing: Conduct integration tests on the entire system process to ensure the collaborative work of each module;

[0180] A4c. Performance optimization: Optimize the front and back end code to improve the system response speed and user experience;

[0181] A5. Deployment and Release

[0182] A5a. Front - end Deployment: Package the WeChat mini - program and upload it to the WeChat public platform for review;

[0183] A5b. Back - end Deployment: Deploy the back - end service to the cloud server and configure the domain name and SSL certificate;

[0184] A5c. Release and Go Live: After passing the review, release the WeChat mini - program for users to use;

[0185] A6. Maintenance and Update

[0186] A6a. User Feedback: Collect user feedback and continuously improve the system functions and user experience;

[0187] A6b. Regular Update: According to user needs and technological development, regularly update and maintain the system.

[0188] According to the back - end described in A2, it can be used as the background, with doctors as administrators, the front - end as the user interface, and patients as visitors. The front - end information is supervised by the back - end platform;

[0189] The front - end information includes patient evaluations, and the back - end information includes doctor evaluations, patient feedback, and doctor feedback;

[0190] Patient evaluations include comfort nomograms, and doctor evaluations include radiotherapy effect nomograms, convenience nomograms, repeatability nomograms, and stability connection diagrams;

[0191] Set sampling nodes for patient feedback:

[0192] B1. Date t (t 0 , t △ ), with the minimum range being the current day period and the maximum range being within 30 days;

[0193] B2. Number of people p (p 1 , p n ), with the minimum number of people being 1 and the maximum number not exceeding 50. The number of people must be determined within the date range;

[0194] Set sampling nodes for doctor feedback:

[0195] C1. Date t (t 0 , t △ ), with the minimum range being the current day period and the maximum range being within 30 days;

[0196] C2. Number of times s (s 1 , s n ), with the minimum number of times being 1 and the maximum number not exceeding 100. The number of times must be determined within the date range;

[0197] After determining the sampling content, based on the arithmetic mean, the average value is calculated. Based on the criteria in the nomogram of patient evaluation and doctor evaluation, a score range of 1 - 100 is set, with 50 as the passing score, which is the average value, and 60 as the standard - reaching score;

[0198] The calculation formula for the arithmetic mean is:

[0199]

[0200] X i represents the i - th data point, and n represents the total number of data points.

[0201] The advantages of this solution are as follows: By setting up a central information platform for communication between patients and doctors, based on the daily - used WeChat, a mini - program structure is designed. For the patient side, during radiotherapy, after using the body position fixation device, there is no need to stay in the hospital. By logging in to the mini - program through the mobile phone, the patient can evaluate the comfort of the body position fixation device at any time or place. For the doctor side, through this mini - program structure, evaluations of items such as curative effect, stability, and repeatability can be carried out, and all evaluation indicators of this fixation device can be read completely, which is convenient for reasonable screening of its subsequent use. The operation is simple and fast. After each radiotherapy, when the patient uses the body position fixation device, the doctor can also operate through the corresponding interface to score the radiotherapy effect, convenience, repeatability, and stability. When data aggregation needs to be carried out regularly, the doctor can manage it as the background, select the number of radiotherapy patients or the number of visits during a certain period, and obtain the total score evaluation situation of the body position fixation device, so as to intuitively understand the quality of the currently used body position fixation device. Moreover, on the WeChat mini - program, not only scoring options are set, but also text communication can be carried out through data interaction to communicate about deficiencies and improvement points, maximizing the favorable comments on the application of the body position fixation device

[0202] Finally, it should be noted that: The above - mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not to limit it; Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: They can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution on some or all of the technical features; And these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a nomogram model for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device, characterized in that: Step 1: Determine the evaluation indicators; Patient comfort: patient comfort in the immobilization device, assessed by questionnaires or physiological parameters; Fixation stability: The ability of the fixation device to maintain the patient's position during treatment, assessed by imaging or pre-treatment image-guided techniques; Repeatability: The ability of a fixation device to maintain the same position over multiple treatments, assessed by repeated measurements and statistical analysis; Radiotherapy effect: The effect of the fixation device on the radiotherapy effect is evaluated by clinical indicators such as tumor control rate and survival rate; Convenience of operation: whether the fixture is easy to make and place, which is evaluated by the ease of positioning time; Cost-effectiveness: The cost and useful life of the fixtures, assessed through economic analysis; Step 2: Data collection, collect relevant data for each evaluation indicator; Clinical trials: Design and implement clinical trials to collect data on various indicators of patients before and after using the fixation device; Questionnaire survey: Questionnaires were distributed to patients to collect their subjective evaluations on the comfort and ease of operation of the fixation device; Imaging examination: CT and MR imaging examinations are used for image guidance before treatment to check the stability and repeatability of the fixation device; Economic analysis: Evaluate the cost and economic benefits of the fixtures through cost-benefit analysis; Step 3: Data analysis, statistical analysis of the collected data; Descriptive statistics: Calculate the mean and standard deviation descriptive statistics of each indicator; Correlation analysis: Analyze the correlation between different indicators to find out the key factors affecting the effect of fixtures; Regression analysis: Build regression models to predict the effects of fixtures; Multi-criteria decision analysis: Comprehensively consider multiple evaluation indicators, and obtain the final evaluation results through weight allocation and comprehensive scoring; Step 4: Model construction: Based on the results of data analysis, a comprehensive evaluation model is constructed; Step 5: Model verification, verify the constructed evaluation model to ensure its reliability and effectiveness; Verification methods include: S1. Cross-validation: Divide the data set into a training set and a validation set, which are used for model building and model validation respectively; S2. Sensitivity analysis: Analyze the sensitivity of the model to changes in different parameters to ensure the robustness of the model; Step 6: Based on the evaluation results of the model, conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the radiotherapy position fixation device and put forward improvement suggestions.

2. The method for constructing a nomogram model for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on radiotherapy for malignant tumors, the factors affecting the accuracy of radiotherapy and the factors affecting patient comfort are determined by using body fixation devices during radiotherapy.

3. The method for constructing a nomogram model for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The factors affecting the accuracy of radiotherapy include clinical data and radiotherapy data, and the predictive factors affecting the accuracy of radiotherapy are calculated based on the Lasso regression model.

4. The method for constructing a nomogram model for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The factors affecting patient comfort include usage experience and overall satisfaction, and the predictive factors affecting patient comfort are calculated based on the Lasso regression model.

5. The method for constructing a nomogram model for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are several predictive factors. Through multivariate logistic regression analysis, a dynamic nomogram prediction model for body position fixation devices can be obtained, and clinical application, data accumulation and evaluation model can be carried out based on shiny dynamic nomograms, WeChat applets or web pages.

6. A nomogram model construction system for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device, applied to the nomogram model construction method for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: According to the model construction in step 4, its content is as follows: A1. Demand analysis, setting the target users as doctors and patients; Main functions: patients submit feedback on their condition, doctors review and respond to patient feedback, message notification function, user identity verification; A2. Technology Selection A2a, front-end: WeChat applet development framework; A2b, backend: Node.js, Python, Java; A2c, Database: MySQL, MongoDB; A2d, server: cloud server; A3. Design and Development A3a. Front-end development A3a1. Create a project: Open WeChat developer tools, select "New Project", fill in the project name and path, select "Mini Program" type, and enter the AppID; A3a2. Page design: Home page: Displays different entrances for patients and doctors; Patient page: contains a form for submitting medical feedback; Doctor page: displays the patient's feedback list and provides a reply function; Message notification page: displays the latest message notifications; A3a3. Component development: Form component: used for patients to submit feedback on their condition; A3a4, list component; Message notification component: used to display the latest message notification; A3a5, Data Binding and Interaction: Use the WeChat applet’s data binding mechanism to pass the user input data to the backend; A3b, backend development A3b1. Build the server: Deploy the Node.js environment on the cloud server, create an Express application, and set up routing and middleware; A3b2. Database design: Design user table; Design feedback form; Design message notification table; A3b3、API Development: User authentication API: including registration and login interfaces; Feedback submission API: an interface for patients to submit feedback on their condition; Feedback viewing API: an interface for doctors to view patient feedback; Response submission API: the interface for doctors to respond to patient feedback; Message Notification API: an interface for sending and receiving message notifications; A4. Testing and Optimization A4a. Unit testing: Unit testing is performed on the front-end and back-end functions to ensure that each module works properly. A4b, Integration test: Perform integration test on the entire system process to ensure the coordination between modules; A4c, performance optimization: optimize the front-end and back-end codes to improve the system's response speed and user experience; A5. Deployment and Release A5a. Front-end deployment: Package the WeChat applet and upload it to the WeChat public platform for review; A5b, Backend deployment: Deploy the backend service to the cloud server and configure the domain name and SSL certificate; A5c. Release and launch: After passing the review, the WeChat mini program is released for users to use; A6. Maintenance and Update A6a. User feedback: Collect user feedback and continuously improve system functions and user experience; A6b. Regular updates: The system is regularly updated and maintained based on user needs and technological development.

7. A nomogram model construction system for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device, applied to a nomogram model construction method for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: According to the backend recorded in A2, it can be used as the background, the doctor is the administrator, the front end is the user interface, the patient is the visitor, and the front end information is supervised by the back end platform.

8. A nomogram model construction system for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device, applied to a nomogram model construction method for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The front-end information includes patient evaluations, and the back-end information includes doctor evaluations, patient feedback, and doctor feedback.

9. A nomogram model construction system for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device, applied to a nomogram model construction method for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Patient evaluation includes a comfort nomogram, and physician evaluation includes a radiotherapy effect nomogram, a convenience nomogram, a repeatability nomogram, and a stability connection diagram.

10. A nomogram model construction system for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device, applied to a nomogram model construction method for evaluating a radiotherapy body position fixation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Patient feedback setting sampling nodes: B1, date t(t0, t △ ), the minimum value is the current day and the maximum value is 30 days; B2, number of people p(p1, p n ), the minimum number of people is 1 and the maximum number is no more than 50, and the number of people must be within the date range; Doctors’ feedback on setting sampling nodes: C1, date t(t0, t △ ), the minimum value is the current day and the maximum value is 30 days; C2, times s(s1,s n ), the minimum number of times is 1, the maximum number is no more than 100, and the number of times must be within the date range.

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