Sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection

Abstract

The invention discloses a sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection, which comprises a printing module, a feeding module, a surface treatment module, a detection module, a transfer module and a data processing module, and is characterized in that the printing module is used for outputting a printing material to generate a printing structure; the feeding module is used for storing a printing material so as to provide the printing material for the printing module; the surface treatment module is used for cleaning the printing structure; the detection module is used for detecting the performance of the printing structure; the transfer module is used for conveying a printing material from the feeding module to the printing module and conveying a printing structure to the surface treatment module or the detection module; the data processing module constructs a'printing layer thickness-curing agent proportion-printing voltage 'multi-objective optimization model through a machine learning algorithm, dynamically analyzes a coupling rule of process parameters and performance indexes based on test data, and realizes rapid optimization of a printing parameter combination. According to the method, automatic sand mold 3D printing and performance testing are achieved through the artificial intelligence and automatic experiment technology, multi-target optimization is conducted on the printing parameters according to the testing result, the printing parameters with the excellent printing performance are rapidly and accurately screened out, the problems that traditional sand mold 3D printing technological parameters depend on artificial experience, and the parameter adjusting efficiency is low are solved, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial production. The parameter debugging period can be shortened, and the comprehensive production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rapid additive manufacturing, and particularly to a sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection. Background Art

[0002] As a metal forming process, sand casting is widely used in fields such as automobiles and aerospace due to its wide adaptability, ability to cast various metal materials such as iron and aluminum alloys, and the fact that the complexity and size of castings are not significantly limited. However, disadvantages such as difficult precision control of sand molds, difficulty in manufacturing complex cavities, and insufficient strength of molding sand seriously affect the quality of casting forming.

[0003] Micro-droplet jet 3D printing technology is an additive manufacturing technology that forms a three-dimensional entity by controlling the position and jet state of a printing nozzle and spraying functional ink layer by layer on the surface of a substrate or a printing medium. In recent years, micro-droplet jet 3D printing technology has begun to rapidly expand into many industrial manufacturing fields. Among them, sand mold three-dimensional printing technology, i.e., sand mold 3D printing technology, can produce high-quality and high-complexity sand molds in a short time, and has significant advantages in shortening the cycle and producing parts with complex internal structures. However, the sand mold 3D printing process usually involves the action of multiple factors, comprehensively affecting the printing accuracy, mechanical strength, gas evolution amount, and air permeability of the sand mold. It is crucial to select process parameters to achieve stable and precise control of printing.

[0004] In related technologies, manual testing methods are mostly used to test printing performance. The testing aspects are single, time-consuming and laborious, and the results are greatly affected by human factors, making it difficult to meet the requirements of rapid additive manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this reason, an object of the present invention is to provide a sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection, integrating a printing module and multiple automatic testing modules, capable of completing automatic sand mold printing and performance detection; based on the test results, printing parameters can be optimized to achieve precise adjustment of the printing process and improve the printing performance of the equipment.

[0006] The present application proposes a sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection, including a printing module, a feeding module, a surface treatment module, a detection module, a transfer module, and a data processing module. The printing module is used to output printing materials to generate a printed structure, and the printing module includes a sand spreading component, a printing component, and a carrying component; the feeding module is used to store printing materials to provide printing materials for the printing module; the surface treatment module is used to clean the printed structure; the detection module is used to detect the performance of the printed structure; the transfer module is used to transport the printing materials from the feeding module to the printing module, and is also used to transport the printed structure to the surface treatment module or the detection module; the data processing module optimizes the printing parameters of the printing module based on the detection results of the detection module according to the machine learning algorithm.

[0007] According to the sand mold three-dimensional printing system of the present application, the printing module and the detection module are integrated, and it can complete sand mold printing and performance detection; the data processing module is the main control workstation, which can construct a multi-objective optimization model of "printing layer thickness - curing agent ratio - printing voltage" through the machine learning algorithm, dynamically analyze the coupling law between process parameters and performance indicators based on test data, and realize the rapid optimization of the printing parameter combination; based on the optimized parameters, the precise adjustment of the printing process can be realized, the printing performance of the equipment can be improved, the product quality can be improved, and the high requirements of industrial needs can be met. In addition, the printing process and the detection process of the present application are carried out automatically, which can avoid the inefficiency and human errors of traditional manual operations, and improve the processing and detection efficiency and accuracy. The present application uses artificial intelligence (AI) and automated experimental technology to realize automated sand mold 3D printing and performance testing, and multi-objective optimization of printing parameters according to the test results, quickly and accurately screening out printing parameters with excellent printing performance, which can solve the problems of traditional sand mold 3D printing process parameters relying on manual experience and low parameter adjustment efficiency, reduce the parameter debugging cycle, and reduce the comprehensive production cost.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the printing module further includes a first frame; the sand spreading component is arranged on one side of the first frame, and the printing component is movably arranged on the other side of the first frame along a first direction; the carrying component is movably arranged below the sand spreading component and the printing component along the first direction.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the sand spreading component includes a first mounting frame, a sand storage tank, a sand discharging control member, a vibrator, and a scraper. The first mounting frame is arranged on the first frame; the sand storage tank is arranged on the first mounting frame, and the sand storage tank is used to store printing materials and is formed with a sand discharging port; the sand discharging control member is arranged on the sand storage tank to selectively open or close the sand discharging port; the vibrator is arranged on the sand storage tank to drive at least part of the sand storage tank to vibrate to output printing materials; the scraper is arranged on the first mounting frame to level the spread sand.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the lower sand control member includes a support, a control plate, and a driving member. There are two supports, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower sand outlet. The control plate is rotatably arranged between the two supports, and the control plate rotates relative to the supports to close or open the lower sand outlet. The driving member is arranged on the first mounting frame, and the output end of the driving member is connected to the control plate to drive the control plate to rotate.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the printing module further includes a second frame, and the second frame is movably arranged on the first frame. The printing assembly includes a second mounting frame, a liquid storage tank, and a printing nozzle. The second mounting frame is movably arranged on the second frame along the extending direction of the second frame. The liquid storage tank is arranged on the second mounting frame. The printing nozzle is arranged on the second mounting frame and is connected to the liquid storage tank through a pipeline.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the printing module further includes a third frame and a fourth frame. The third frame is arranged on the working ground. The fourth frame is movably arranged on the third frame along a first direction. The loading assembly includes a loading platform, and the loading platform is movably arranged on the fourth frame in the vertical direction. The loading platform is used to load the printing materials output by the sand spreading assembly and the printing assembly.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the feeding module includes a stirring device, a sand feeding device, and a liquid feeding device. The stirring device is used to mix the raw sand and the curing agent. The stirring device is formed with a feeding port, a liquid inlet, and a discharging port. The sand feeding device includes a sand storage bin and a blanking machine. The sand storage bin is used to store the raw sand. The blanking machine is formed with a blanking port, and the blanking port is directly opposite to the feeding port in the vertical direction to enable the blanking machine to quantitatively feed the sand material into the stirring device. The liquid feeding device includes a liquid storage box, a liquid supply pipeline, and a liquid pump. The liquid storage box is used to store the curing agent. The liquid supply pipeline connects the liquid storage box and the liquid inlet, and the liquid pump is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline to quantitatively transport the curing agent to the stirring device.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the surface treatment module includes a housing, a loading table, and a cleaning mechanism. The housing is formed with a working cavity. The loading table is arranged in the working cavity and is movably connected to the inner wall of the housing. The loading table is used to load the printing structure to be processed. The cleaning mechanism is arranged in the working cavity and is connected to the inner wall of the housing. The cleaning mechanism is used to clean the surface of the printing mechanism.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the detection module includes a tensile and compressive testing device, a gas evolution testing device, and a gas permeability testing device. The tensile and compressive testing device includes a testing platform, a lifting mechanism, and a pressing head. The pressing head is disposed on the moving end of the lifting mechanism and is directly opposite to the testing platform in the vertical direction. The tensile and compressive testing device is used to detect the compressive or tensile performance of the printed structure. The gas evolution testing device includes a testing chamber and a temperature control component. The temperature control component is adapted to heat the testing chamber, and the testing chamber is used to perform gas evolution testing on the printed structure. The gas permeability testing device is used to perform gas permeability testing on the printed structure.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the transfer module includes a chassis, a robotic arm, and a gripper. The chassis is movably disposed on the working floor. The robotic arm is rotatably disposed on the chassis, and the robotic arm is provided with a plurality of connected arm segments to be adapted to bend or extend. The gripper is disposed at the end of the robotic arm to be adapted to grip and transfer printing materials or printed structures.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and be readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sand mold three-dimensional printing system according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a printing module according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first frame according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sand spreading assembly according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a printing assembly according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a bearing assembly according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a bearing platform according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding module according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0027] Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a liquid supply device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0028] Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of a stirring device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of a surface treatment module according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 12 is a schematic internal structural view of a surface treatment module according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of a detection module according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of a tensile and compressive testing device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of a gas evolution testing device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 16 is a schematic structural view of a gas permeability testing device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 17 is a schematic structural view of a transfer module according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] Printing module 1; First frame 11; Bracket 111; Installation groove 112; Slide rail 113; Second frame 12; Third frame 13; Fourth frame 14;

[0038] Sand spreading assembly 15; First mounting frame 151; Ear plate 1511; Sand storage tank 152; Lower sand outlet 1521; Lower sand control member 153; Support 1531; Control board 1532; Drive motor 1533; Transmission belt 1534; Vibrator 154; Scraper 155;

[0039] Printing assembly 16; Second mounting frame 161; Liquid storage tank 162; Printing nozzle 163; Communication board card 164;

[0040] Carrying assembly 17; Carrying platform 171; Height adjusting mechanism 172; Sand box connecting plate 1721; Ball screw 1722; Screw motor 1723; Guide rod 1724; Guide bearing 1725; Sand box 173; Sand box bottom plate 1731;

[0041] Feeding module 2; Stirring device 21; Feed inlet 211; Liquid inlet 212; Discharge outlet 213; Discharge control part 214; Stirring mechanism 215; Stirring motor 2151; Driving pulley 2152; Belt 2153; Driven pulley 2154; Stirring rod 2155;

[0042] Sand supply device 22; Sand storage bin 221; Feeding machine 222; Suction pipe 223;

[0043] Liquid supply device 23; Liquid storage box 231; Liquid supply pipeline 232; Liquid pump 233;

[0044] Receiving box 24; Third mounting bracket 25;

[0045] Surface treatment module 3; Housing 31; Carrying platform 32; Hair dryer 33; Shifting mechanism 34; Opening and closing door 35;

[0046] Detection module 4; Tensile and compressive testing device 41; Testing platform 411; Lifting mechanism 412; Pressure head 413; Control panel 414; Gas evolution testing device 42; Testing box 421; Placing opening 4211; Temperature control component 422; Permeability testing device 43; Testing sleeve 431;

[0047] Transfer module 5; Chassis 51; Robot arm 52; Jaw 53;

[0048] Data processing module 6; Placing table 7. Specific embodiments

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0050] The following refers to Figures 1 - 17 Describe a sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing performance automatic detection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] This application proposes a sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing automated performance detection, including a printing module 1, a feeding module 2, a surface treatment module 3, a detection module 4, a transfer module 5, and a data processing module 6. The printing module 1 is used to output printing materials to generate a printed structure. The printing module 1 includes a sand spreading component 15, a printing component 16, and a bearing component 17. The feeding module 2 is used to store printing materials to provide printing materials for the printing module 1. The surface treatment module 3 is used to clean the printed structure. The detection module 4 is used to detect the performance of the printed structure. The transfer module 5 is used to transport the printing materials from the feeding module to the printing module 1, and is also used to transport the printed structure to the surface treatment module 3 or the detection module 4. The data processing module 6 optimizes the printing parameters of the printing module 1 based on the detection results of the detection module 4 according to machine learning algorithms.

[0052] According to the sand mold three-dimensional printing system of this application, as Figure 1 shown, the feeding module 2 can provide printing materials, and the printing module 1 uses the printing materials to print and form a printed structure. The surface treatment module 3 can clean the printed structure and remove impurities such as floating sand on the surface of the printed structure. The detection module 4 can detect the performance of the printed structure. The data processing module 6 can optimize the printing parameters of the printing module 1 based on the detection results according to machine learning algorithms to optimize the subsequent printing process and obtain a better printed structure. Specifically, the data processing module 6 can construct a multi-objective optimization model of "printing layer thickness - curing agent ratio - printing voltage" through machine learning algorithms, dynamically analyze the coupling law between process parameters and performance indicators based on test data, and realize the rapid optimization of the printing parameter combination. The transfer module 5 can automatically complete the transfer and placement of materials, including transporting the printing materials from the feeding module 2 to the printing module 1, and transporting the printed structure from the printing module 1 to the surface treatment module 3 and the detection module 4, and can realize the intelligent transfer of materials in the whole process.

[0053] According to the sand mold three-dimensional printing system of this application, the printing module 1 and the detection module 4 are integrated, and can complete sand mold printing and performance detection. The data processing module 6 is the main control workstation, and can realize the rapid optimization of the printing parameter combination based on test data. Based on the optimized parameters, the printing process can be accurately adjusted, the printing performance of the equipment can be improved, the product quality can be improved, and the high requirements of industrial needs can be met. In addition, the printing process and the detection process of this application are automated, which can avoid the inefficiency of traditional manual operations and human errors, and improve the processing and detection efficiency and accuracy. This application uses artificial intelligence (AI) and automated experimental technology, can realize automated sand mold 3D printing and performance testing, and can perform multi-objective optimization on the printing parameters according to the test results, quickly and accurately screen out printing parameters with excellent printing performance, can solve the problems of traditional sand mold 3D printing process parameters relying on manual experience and low parameter adjustment efficiency, reduce the parameter debugging cycle, and reduce the comprehensive production cost.

[0054] It should be noted that the sand mold three-dimensional printing system of the present application can not only be used for the test of printed structures, but also for the mass production of printed structures. In practical applications, the present application can conduct tests before mass production to obtain the optimal printing performance to produce higher-quality products.

[0055] According to some embodiments of the present application, the printing module 1 further includes a first frame 11; the sand spreading assembly 15 is disposed on one side of the first frame 11, and the printing assembly 16 is movably disposed on the other side of the first frame 11 along a first direction; the bearing assembly 17 is movably disposed below the sand spreading assembly 15 and the printing assembly 16 along the first direction. As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the bearing assembly 17 provides a platform for printing. The bearing assembly 17 can move relative to the sand spreading assembly 15 along the first direction. The sand spreading assembly 15 outputs sand material and can evenly spread the sand on the bearing assembly 17; while the printing assembly 16 moves relative to the bearing assembly 17 along the first direction and outputs printing material, and can complete the printing process on the bearing assembly 17. Among them, the bearing assembly 17 can move relative to the sand spreading assembly 15 along the first direction when the sand spreading assembly 15 drops sand to evenly spread the sand, and use a scraper to level the sand surface at all times; or it can move relative to the sand spreading assembly 15 along the first direction after the sand spreading assembly 15 finishes dropping sand for one layer, so as to use the scraper to level the spread sand. It should be noted that both the bearing assembly 17 and the printing assembly 16 can move relative to the first frame 11 along the first direction. The accuracy and speed of the movement of the printing assembly 16 relative to the bearing assembly 17 in the two movement modes can be reasonably set, which is more convenient for the efficient progress of the printing process.

[0056] Furthermore, as Figure 3 shown, the first frame 11 is configured as an aluminum profile frame. At least one bracket 111 is respectively disposed on both sides of the top along a direction perpendicular to the first direction. The sand spreading assembly 16 is connected to the brackets 111 on both sides to be fixed on the first frame 11. An installation groove 112 is further opened at the top of the first frame 11. A slide rail 113 is disposed at the installation groove 112. Part of the slide rail 113 is disposed in the installation groove 112, and part of it is slidably connected to the printing assembly 16.

[0057] According to some embodiments of the present application, the sand laying assembly 15 includes a first mounting frame 151, a sand storage tank 152, a sand discharging control member 153, a vibrator 154, and a scraper 155. The first mounting frame is disposed on the first frame 11; the sand storage tank 152 is disposed on the first mounting frame 151. The sand storage tank 152 is used for storing printing materials and is formed with a sand discharging port 1521; the sand discharging control member 153 is disposed on the sand storage tank 152 to selectively open or close the sand discharging port 1521; the vibrator 154 is disposed on the sand storage tank 152 to drive at least a part of the sand storage tank 152 to vibrate to output printing materials; the scraper 155 is disposed on the first mounting frame 151 to level the laid sand. In this embodiment, as Figure 2 , 4 shown, the sand laying assembly 15 is mounted on the first frame 11 through the first mounting frame 151. Further, the first mounting frame 151 includes two ear plates 1511 and a combined plate. Each ear plate 1511 is connected to at least one bracket 111 to realize the fixed connection between the first mounting frame 151 and the first frame 11. The combined plate includes a plurality of interconnected plate structures. The combined plate is disposed between the two ear plates 1511 for structural installation. In this embodiment, the start and end of the sand laying process can be controlled by the sand discharging control member 153. The vibrator 154 is used to achieve uniform sand discharging from the sand storage tank 152, and the scraper 155 levels the fallen sand layer to facilitate the subsequent printing process. Among them, the vibrator 154 can be disposed on the outer wall of the sand storage tank 152, and the vibrator 154 can be configured as an air vibrator 154.

[0058] Further, the scraper 155 is disposed on the rear side of the sand discharging port 1521 in the sand falling movement direction to level the fallen sand at all times, and the lower edge of the scraper 155 protrudes from the sand discharging port 1521; further, the scraper 155 can be disposed on the front and rear sides of the sand discharging port 1521 to level the sand layer in both movement directions.

[0059] According to some embodiments of the present application, the sand discharging control member 153 includes a support 1531, a control plate 1532, and a driving member. The supports 1531 are configured as two and are respectively disposed on both sides of the sand discharging port 1521; the control plate 1532 is rotatably disposed between the two supports 1531. The control plate 1532 rotates relative to the supports 1531 to close or open the sand discharging port 1521; the driving member is disposed on the first mounting frame 151, and the output end of the driving member is connected to the control plate 1532 to drive the control plate 1532 to rotate. In this embodiment, by adjusting the relative position between the control plate 1532 and the sand discharging port 1521, the sand discharging port 1521 can be opened or closed to start or end the sand laying process. Further, by adjusting the included angle between the control plate 1532 and the sand discharging port 1521, the sand discharging rate can be adjusted, and the sand discharging control effect can be further improved.

[0060] In some embodiments, the driving member includes a driving motor 1533. The driving motor 1533 is connected to the rotating shaft of the control board 1532 through a transmission belt 1534 and a transmission pulley set. The driving motor 1533 drives the control board 1532 to rotate through the transmission belt 1534. Specifically, the driving motor 1533 can be configured as a stepping motor. Further, the support 1531 can be configured as a bearing seat, and the rotating shaft of the control board 1532 is rotatably connected to the support 1531 through a bearing.

[0061] According to some embodiments of the present application, the printing module 1 further includes a second frame 12. The second frame 12 is movably disposed on the first frame 11; the printing assembly 16 includes a second mounting frame 161, a liquid storage tank 162, and a printing nozzle 163. The second mounting frame 161 is movably disposed on the second frame 12 along the extending direction of the second frame; the liquid storage tank 162 is disposed on the second mounting frame 161; the printing nozzle 163 is disposed on the second mounting frame 161 and is connected to the liquid storage tank 162 through a pipeline. As Figure 5 shown, in this embodiment, the movement of the second frame 12 relative to the first frame 11 in the first direction can drive the printing assembly 16 to move in the first direction, so as to realize the movement of the printing assembly 16 relative to the bearing assembly 17 for the printing process. The liquid storage tank 162 is used to store the catalyst and convey the catalyst to the printing nozzle 163. Further, the printing assembly 16 further includes a communication board 164, which can automatically control the conveyance of the catalyst.

[0062] Further, a driving mechanism is disposed between the second frame 12 and the first frame 11 to be adapted to control the driving of the second frame 12 to move relative to the first frame 11.

[0063] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, a part of the second mounting frame 161 extends in the vertical direction, and the liquid storage tank 162 and the printing nozzle 163 are disposed in the vertical direction; the second mounting frame 161 is formed with a mounting portion, and the mounting portion is formed with a placement groove. The printing nozzle 163 is disposed on the mounting portion and partially disposed in the placement groove to realize the stable mounting of the printing nozzle 163.

[0064] According to some embodiments of the present application, the printing module 1 further includes a third frame 13 and a fourth frame 14. The third frame 13 is disposed on the working ground; the fourth frame 14 is movably disposed on the third frame 13 along the first direction; the bearing assembly 17 includes a bearing platform 171. The bearing platform 171 is movably disposed on the fourth frame 14 in the vertical direction. The bearing platform 171 is used to bear the printing materials output by the sand laying assembly 15 and the printing assembly 16. As Figure 6 、 7As shown, in this embodiment, the bearing platform 171 provides a working surface for printing operations. The installation of the bearing assembly 17 is achieved through the third frame 13 and the fourth frame 14, and at the same time, movement in two directions is realized. When the bearing assembly 17 moves in the first direction, it can cooperate with the sand spreading assembly 15 and the printing assembly 16 to complete the layer printing process. When the bearing assembly 17 moves in the vertical direction, it can cooperate with the sand spreading assembly 15 and the printing assembly 16 to increase the structural layer and realize the three-dimensional printing process.

[0065] Further, a driving mechanism is provided between the fourth frame 14 and the third frame 13 to be adapted to drive the fourth frame 14 to move relative to the third frame 13.

[0066] Further, a sand box 173 is provided on the fourth frame 14, and the bearing platform 171 moves vertically within the sand box 173. The sand box 173 can play a certain protective role during the printing process. Even further, the bearing assembly 17 further includes a height adjustment mechanism 34172 for controlling the vertical movement of the bearing platform 171. The height adjustment mechanism 34172 includes a sand box 173 connecting plate 1721, a ball screw 1722, and a screw motor 1723. One side of the sand box 173 connecting plate 1721 is fixedly connected to the sand box bottom plate 1731, and the other side is fixedly connected to the fourth frame 14. The ball screw and the screw motor 1723 are arranged on the sand box 173 connecting plate 1721. The ball screw 1722 passes through the sand box 173 connecting plate 1721 and the sand box bottom plate 1731 and is connected to the bearing platform 171 to be adapted to drive the bearing platform 171 to move vertically relative to the sand box 173 connecting plate 1721 under the drive of the screw motor 1723. The sand box 173 connecting plate 1721 and the sand box bottom plate 1731 are formed with avoidance holes facilitating the connection between the ball screw 1722 and the bearing platform 171.

[0067] In some embodiments, at least one guide rod 1724 is provided at the bottom of the bearing platform 171. Corresponding through holes extending in the vertical direction are provided on the sand box bottom plate 1731 and the sand box 173 connecting plate 1721, and guide bearings 1725 are provided. By providing the guide rod 1724, the stability of the movement of the bearing platform 171 can be increased, thereby improving the printing effect.

[0068] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the printing materials for sand mold three-dimensional printing include green sand, curing agent, and catalyst.

[0069] According to some embodiments of the present application, the feeding module 2 includes a stirring device 21, a sand feeding device, and a liquid feeding device. The stirring device 21 is used to mix the raw sand and the curing agent. The stirring device 21 is formed with a feeding port 211, a liquid inlet 212, and a discharging port 213. The sand feeding device 22 includes a sand storage bin 221 and a blanking machine 222. The sand storage bin 221 is used to store the raw sand. The blanking machine 222 is formed with a blanking port, and the blanking port is directly opposite to the feeding port 221 in the vertical direction, so as to be suitable for the blanking machine 222 to quantitatively feed the raw sand into the stirring device 21. The liquid feeding device 23 includes a liquid storage box 231, a liquid feeding pipeline 232, and a liquid pump 233. The liquid storage box 231 is used to store the curing agent. The liquid feeding pipeline 232 connects the liquid storage box 231 and the liquid inlet 222, and the liquid pump 233 is arranged on the liquid feeding pipeline 232 to quantitatively transport the curing agent to the stirring device 21. As Figure 8 , 9 shown, in this embodiment, the feeding module 2 can complete the output and mixing of quantitative raw sand and curing agent.

[0070] Furthermore, the sand feeding device 22 further includes a suction pipe 223. The suction pipe 223 connects the sand storage bin 221 and the blanking machine 222 to be suitable for transporting the raw sand from the sand storage bin 221 to the blanking machine 222. Further still, a vibrating blanking assembly is arranged in the blanking machine 222, and blanking is realized by vibrating the blanking machine housing 31.

[0071] Further still, as Figure 10 shown, the stirring device 21 includes a stirring barrel and a stirring mechanism 215. The stirring mechanism 215 includes a stirring rod 2155 arranged in the stirring barrel, and also includes a stirring motor 2151, a belt 2153, a driving pulley 2152, and a driven pulley 2154. The stirring motor 2151 drives the stirring rod 2155 to rotate through the belt 2153 and the pulley set to carry out the stirring process. The stirring barrel is formed with a feeding port 211, a liquid inlet 212, and a discharging port 213. The feeding port 211 is used for the raw sand to enter the stirring barrel, and the liquid inlet 212 is connected to the liquid feeding device for the curing agent to enter the stirring barrel.

[0072] In addition, in some embodiments, the stirring device 21 further includes a discharging control member 214. The discharging control member 214 is arranged on the stirring device 21, and the discharging control member 214 can selectively close or open the discharging port 213. Specifically, the discharging control member 214 can be configured as an electric push rod to automatically realize the opening and closing control of the discharging port 213.

[0073] As Figure 8As shown, in some embodiments, the feeding module 2 further includes a receiving box 24, which is arranged below the discharge port 213 to be adapted to receive the mixed printing material. Further, the feeding module 2 further includes a third mounting bracket 25, and the receiving box 24 is movably arranged on the third mounting bracket 25 to facilitate adjusting the position to be directly opposite to the discharge port 213. Further, a driving mechanism is arranged between the third mounting bracket 25 and the receiving box 24 to be adapted to drive the receiving box 24 to automatically move relative to the third mounting bracket 25.

[0074] According to some embodiments of the present application, the surface treatment module 3 includes a housing 31, a loading platform 32 and a cleaning mechanism. The housing 31 forms a working chamber; the loading platform 32 is arranged in the working chamber and is movably connected to the inner wall of the housing 31; the loading platform 32 is used for carrying the printing structure to be processed; the cleaning mechanism is arranged in the working chamber and is connected to the inner wall of the housing 31, and the cleaning mechanism is used for cleaning the surface of the printing mechanism. In this embodiment, as Figure 11 , 12 shown, the surface treatment module 3 can realize the cleaning of the surface of the printing structure to facilitate subsequent detection or application. Among them, the cleaning mechanism can be configured as a hair dryer 33 to facilitate blowing off the floating sand on the surface and in the gaps. Further, the housing 31 is provided with an opening and closing door 35 to facilitate placing the printing structure. Further, a shifting mechanism 34 is arranged in the housing 31, and the loading platform 32 is arranged on the shifting mechanism 34 and is movably arranged on the bottom plate of the housing 31 through the shifting mechanism 34, so that the loading platform 32 is adapted to move relative to the housing 31 to facilitate approaching the opening and closing door 35 or extending into the housing 31, facilitating the placement and cleaning of the printing structure to be tested.

[0075] According to some embodiments of the present application, the detection module 4 includes a tensile and compressive test device 41, a gas evolution test device 42 and a gas permeability test device 43. The tensile and compressive test device 41 includes a test platform 411, a lifting mechanism 412 and a pressing head 413. The pressing head 413 is arranged at the moving end of the lifting mechanism 412 and is directly opposite to the test platform 411 in the vertical direction. The printing structure to be detected is arranged between the pressing head 413 and the test platform 411, and the tensile and compressive test device 41 is used for detecting the compressive performance or tensile performance of the printing structure; the gas evolution test device 42 includes a test box 421 and a temperature control component 422, and the temperature control component 422 is adapted to heat the test box 421, and the test box 421 is used for performing a gas evolution test on the printing structure; the gas permeability test device 43 is used for performing a gas permeability test on the printing structure.

[0076] As Figures 13 - 16As shown, in the tensile and compressive testing device 41 of this embodiment, the indenter 413 moves relative to the test platform 411 in the vertical direction to apply a force to the printed structure for detecting the characteristic changes of the printed structure; the tensile and compressive testing device 41 is also provided with a control panel 414 to facilitate the control of the detection process. In the gas evolution testing device 42 of this embodiment, the test chamber 421 is provided with a placement opening 4211 for placing the printed structure into the chamber, and the placement opening 4211 can be made of a high-temperature resistant quartz tube. In the air permeability testing device 43 of this embodiment, the air permeability testing device 43 is provided with a test sleeve 431, and the printed structure to be tested is placed in the test sleeve 431. The air permeability testing device 43 is used to measure the air permeability of a certain volume and a certain flow rate of gas passing through the printed structure to be tested in the test sleeve 431.

[0077] According to some embodiments of the present application, the transfer module 5 includes a chassis 51, a robotic arm 52, and a gripper 53. The chassis 51 is movably arranged on the working ground; the robotic arm 52 is rotatably arranged on the chassis 51. The robotic arm 52 is provided with a plurality of arm segments connected to each other to be suitable for bending or stretching; the gripper 53 is arranged at the end of the robotic arm 52 to be suitable for gripping and transferring printing materials or printed structures. In this embodiment, as Figure 17 shown, the chassis 51 is placed on the working ground, can move and drive the robotic arm 52 in front of each module; the robotic arm 52 rotates relative to the chassis 51 to adjust the pointing direction of the gripper 53, and bends or stretches to adjust the position of the gripper 53; the gripper 53 can pick up the structure containing printing materials or the printed structure to be tested. In some embodiments, the chassis 51 can be configured as an AGV mobile chassis 51. In some embodiments, the robotic arm 52 is configured as a six-axis robotic arm.

[0078] According to some embodiments of the present application, the data processing module 6 is signal-connected to the printing module 1, the feeding module 2, the surface treatment module 3, the detection module 4, and the transfer module 5; the data processing module 6 has a built-in machine learning algorithm, and based on the machine learning algorithm, data processing and instruction issuing can be realized. Specifically, the data processing module 6 can construct a multi-objective optimization model of "printing layer thickness - curing agent ratio - printing voltage", and perform multi-objective optimization on printing parameters such as printing layer thickness, curing agent content, and voltage magnitude based on the detection results of the detection module 4 to obtain the optimal printing parameters.

[0079] According to some embodiments of the present application, the sand mold three-dimensional printing system further includes a placement table 7, and the feeding module 2, the surface treatment module 3, the detection module 4, the transfer module 5, and the data processing module 6 are arranged on the placement table 7.

[0080] According to the sand mold three-dimensional printing system of the present application, the usage method includes the following steps:

[0081] S1, the data processing module 6 analyzes the stored experimental data based on the machine learning algorithm to obtain new experimental parameters, transmits the experimental parameters voltage size and printing layer thickness to the printing module 1, transmits the experimental parameters curing agent content and raw sand content to the feeding module 2, and issues a start instruction;

[0082] S2, the feeding module 2 sucks a certain amount of raw sand from the sand storage bin 221 into the feeder 222 through the suction pipe 223 according to the received experimental parameter curing agent content ratio, and the feeder 222 performs quantitative weighing and pours the weighed raw sand into the stirring device 21 from the feed inlet 221; the liquid supply device 23 provides a certain amount of curing agent into the stirring device 21 through the liquid inlet 222; the stirring device 21 stirs and mixes the raw sand and the curing agent, and then pours them into the receiving box 24 from the discharge port 223;

[0083] S3, the transfer module 5 transfers the mixed sand material in the receiving box 24 to the sand storage tank 152 of the sand laying assembly 15;

[0084] S4, the bearing assembly 17 moves to the bottom of the sand storage tank 152; the lower sand opening 1521 is opened, the air vibrator 154 vibrates, and the sand material in the sand storage tank 152 falls to the bearing platform 171 through the lower sand opening 1521; the bearing assembly 17 moves to the bottom of the printing assembly 16, during which the scraper 155 flattens the sand material layer; the printing assembly 16 is moved and the communication board 164 is used to control the print head 163 to perform scanning inkjet printing; during the printing process, the lifting mechanism 412 controls the bearing platform 171 to descend to a height of a printing layer thickness; the above operation is repeated layer by layer until the printing is completed, and the printed structure to be tested is obtained;

[0085] S5, the transfer module 5 transfers the printed structure to be tested to the surface treatment module 3, and the surface treatment module 3 cleans the printed structure to be tested;.

[0086] S6, the transfer module 5 transfers the printed structure to be tested to the tension and compression test device 41, the gas emission test device 42 and the air permeability test device 43 of the detection module 4 in sequence for performance testing; the mechanical test process is that the lifting mechanism 412 controls the pressure head 413 to move downward to squeeze the printed structure to be tested, so as to obtain the compressive strength; the gas emission test process is that the printed structure to be tested is transferred to the high temperature resistant quartz tube of the gas emission test device 42, and the gas emission is obtained after high temperature gas emission; the air permeability test process is that the printed structure to be tested is transferred to the test sleeve 431 of the air permeability test device 43, and the air permeability is obtained after the air permeability test;

[0087] S7. Each test device transmits the experimental data to the data processing module 6. The data processing module 6 analyzes and optimizes based on the machine learning algorithm to obtain new experimental parameters.

[0088] The present invention integrates 3D printing, performance testing, data analysis, and parameter optimization, automatically regulates printing layer thickness, printing voltage, curing agent content, etc. in sand mold 3D printing, obtains printing parameters applicable to different industrial scenarios, and greatly reduces the time required for the process of exploring printing parameters, facilitating popularization and application.

[0089] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0090] In the description of the present invention, the "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of such features.

[0091] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0092] In the description of the present invention, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through additional features therebetween.

[0093] In the description of the present invention, the first feature being "above", "over", and "on" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature.

[0094] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0095] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sand mold 3D printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection, characterized in that: include: A printing module, the printing module is used to output printing materials to generate a printing structure, the printing module includes a sanding component, a printing component and a bearing component; A feeding module, the feeding module is used to store printing materials to provide printing materials to the printing module; A surface treatment module, wherein the surface treatment module is used to clean the printed structure; A detection module, the detection module is used to detect the performance of the printing structure; A transfer module, the transfer module is used to transport the printing material from the feeding module to the printing module, and to transport the printing structure to the surface treatment module or the detection module; A data processing module, wherein the data processing module optimizes the printing parameters of the printing module according to the detection results of the detection module based on a machine learning algorithm.

2. The sand mold 3D printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing module also includes a first frame; The sanding assembly is arranged on one side of the first frame, and the printing assembly is movably arranged on the other side of the first frame along a first direction; The bearing assembly is movably disposed below the sanding assembly and the printing assembly along a first direction.

3. The sand mold 3D printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sanding assembly comprises: a first mounting frame, the first mounting frame being disposed on the first frame; A sand storage tank, the sand storage tank is arranged on the first mounting frame, the sand storage tank is used to store printing materials, and is formed with a lower sand opening; A sand discharging control member, the sand discharging control member being arranged at the sand storage tank so as to be suitable for selectively opening or closing the sand discharging port; a vibrator, the vibrator being disposed at the sand storage tank and being adapted to drive at least a portion of the sand storage tank to vibrate so as to output the printing material; A scraper is arranged on the first mounting frame to be suitable for smooth sanding.

4. The sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sand placing control member comprises: Support, the support is structured in two pieces and is respectively arranged on both sides of the lower sand opening; A control panel, the control panel is rotatably disposed between the two supports, and the control panel rotates relative to the supports to close or open the lower sand opening; A driving member, wherein the driving member is disposed on the first mounting frame, and an output end of the driving member is connected to the control board to be suitable for driving the control board to rotate.

5. The sand mold 3D printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The printing module further includes a second frame, and the second frame is movably arranged on the first frame; The printing assembly comprises: a second mounting frame, the second mounting frame being movably disposed on the second frame along an extension direction of the second frame; A liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank is arranged on the second mounting frame; A print head is arranged on the second mounting frame and connected to the liquid storage tank through a pipeline.

6. The sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing module also includes: A third frame, wherein the third frame is arranged on the working ground; a fourth frame, the fourth frame being movably disposed on the third frame along the first direction; The bearing assembly comprises a bearing platform, which is movably disposed on the fourth frame along a vertical direction, and is used for bearing the printing materials output by the sanding assembly and the printing assembly.

7. The sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding module comprises: A stirring device, the stirring device is used to mix the raw sand and the curing agent, and the stirring device is formed with a feed inlet, a liquid inlet and a discharge port; A sand supply device, the sand supply device comprising a sand storage bin and a feeder, the sand storage bin is used to store raw sand; the feeder is formed with a feed opening, the feed opening is vertically opposite to the feed opening, so that the feeder can quantitatively feed sand into the stirring device; The liquid supply device comprises a liquid storage box, a liquid supply pipeline and a liquid pump. The liquid storage box is used to store the curing agent. The liquid supply pipeline connects the liquid storage box with the liquid inlet. The liquid pump is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline to quantitatively deliver the curing agent to the stirring device.

8. The sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface treatment module comprises: A housing, wherein the housing forms a working chamber; A stage, which is disposed in the working chamber and is movably connected to the inner wall of the shell; the stage is used to carry the printing structure to be processed; A cleaning mechanism is disposed in the working chamber and connected to the inner wall of the shell, and is used for cleaning the surface of the printing mechanism.

9. The sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection module comprises: A tension and compression testing device, the tension and compression testing device comprising a testing platform, a lifting mechanism and a pressure head, the pressure head is arranged at the moving end of the lifting mechanism and is vertically opposite to the testing platform, the tension and compression testing device is used to detect the compressive performance or tensile performance of the printed structure; A gas emission test device, the gas emission test device comprising a test box and a temperature control component, the temperature control component is suitable for heating the test box, and the test box is used to perform a gas emission test on the printing structure; An air permeability testing device is used to perform an air permeability test on the printed structure.

10. The sand mold three-dimensional printing system capable of realizing automatic performance detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transfer module comprises: A chassis, wherein the chassis is movably arranged on a working ground; A mechanical arm, the mechanical arm is rotatably arranged on the chassis, and the mechanical arm is provided with a plurality of arm sections connected to each other so as to be suitable for bending or extending; A clamping claw is arranged at the end of the mechanical arm to be suitable for clamping and transferring the printing material or the printing structure.

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