Precise counterweight spilled oil tracking buoy

Abstract

The invention discloses a precise counterweight oil spill tracking buoy which comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, a tracking module and a counterweight part are arranged in the lower shell, the upper shell is connected with the lower shell, and the lower shell and the upper shell comprise an asymmetric structure or a symmetric structure. Due to the symmetrical or asymmetrical arc design of the upper shell and the lower shell, the turbulent flow resistance of the underwater part can be effectively reduced through the lower shell, and the buoy is closer to the actual drifting path of an oil film. The resistance distribution of the underwater part of the lower shell is more uniform, and deviation of the drift track of the spherical buoy caused by the influence of wind and water flow is avoided. Through the targeted design of the outer cambered surface, the buoy can adapt to different oil film characteristics (viscosity and diffusion velocity) and sea conditions (flow velocity and stormy waves), and the real-time performance and accuracy of oil spill tracking are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of buoys, and more specifically, to a precision weighted oil-spill tracking buoy. Background Art

[0002] With the growth of offshore oil transportation volume, oil-spill accidents occur frequently, posing a serious threat to the ecological environment. Existing oil-spill monitoring technologies mainly rely on satellite remote sensing, aerial observation, and fixed alarm devices, which have problems such as poor real-time performance, high costs, and obvious environmental constraints. As an important monitoring means, buoy technology has been studied at home and abroad, such as ARGO buoys. However, symmetric spherical buoys are vulnerable to the interference of wind waves and water currents in complex sea conditions, resulting in a large deviation between the drift trajectory and the actual movement of the oil film, affecting the tracking accuracy. Especially when the oil film expands to a stable state, the wind coefficient matching between the buoy and the oil film is insufficient, making it difficult to achieve synchronous drift. Moreover, ARGO buoys relying on the ARGOS satellite positioning and acquisition system have a positioning information delay of 10 - 24 hours due to the satellite overpass time limit, which cannot meet the real-time monitoring requirements. In addition, satellite communication costs are high, and the signal is easily blocked in the nearshore area;

[0003] Existing buoys adopt a fully symmetric spherical structure, lacking optimization in the part below the water surface, resulting in uneven resistance distribution and difficulty in adapting to the tracking requirements of different oil film characteristics (such as oil viscosity, diffusion speed). For example, in the experiment using a foam floating board to simulate the oil film, it can be clearly seen that the drift speed of the symmetric buoy is significantly different from that of the oil film. Especially when the wind field and the flow field are in the same direction, the buoy is prone to lag behind the oil film. Therefore, how to optimize the buoy structure to improve its synchronous drift ability with the oil film is the technical problem to be solved by the present invention. Summary of the Invention

[0004] A series of simplified concepts are introduced in the Summary of the Invention section, which will be further elaborated in the Detailed Implementation section. The Summary of the Invention section of the present invention does not mean to attempt to define the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor does it mean to attempt to determine the protection scope of the claimed technical solution.

[0005] To at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a precision weighted oil-spill tracking buoy, including: two half-shells, namely an upper shell and a lower shell, a tracking module and a weight are arranged in the lower shell, the upper shell is connected to the lower shell, and the lower shell and the upper shell include an asymmetric structure or a symmetric structure.

[0006] Preferably, the upper shell is hemispherical, and an upper sealing edge extending away from the upper shell is provided at the opening of the upper shell. A lower sealing edge is provided at the opening of the lower shell. The openings of the upper shell and the lower shell are arranged opposite to each other, and the upper sealing edge abuts against the lower sealing edge or is connected by screws, or by rivets, or by snap sealing edges, or by welding, or by adhesive bonding.

[0007] Preferably, a sealing member is provided between the upper sealing edge and the lower sealing edge.

[0008] Preferably, the lower shell has at least one arc-shaped protrusion extending away from the upper shell, so that the outer wall of the lower shell forms an outer arc surface and the inner wall forms an inner arc surface. The outer wall of the lower shell and the outer wall of the upper shell include an asymmetric structure or a symmetric structure.

[0009] Preferably, the lower shell includes a placement plane parallel to the lower sealing edge, so that the outer wall of the lower shell forms an outer placement surface and the inner wall forms an inner placement surface, or the outer shell is provided with a spherical inner wall and a planar inner wall, or the outer shell is provided with a spherical inner wall and a concave spherical surface; the upper shell and the lower shell are symmetric or asymmetric in structure with the joint surface.

[0010] Preferably, the outer arc surface is a spherical surface, or an ellipsoidal surface, or a hyperbolic surface, or a parabolic surface.

[0011] Preferably, a weight member is provided on the inner surface of the lower shell.

[0012] Preferably, the tracking module is provided on the weight member or on the inner surface of the lower shell.

[0013] Preferably, a satellite positioning module, a wave pendulum power generation module, a buoy remote communication module and an intelligent charging and energy storage module are arranged inside the shell; the satellite positioning module is used for satellite positioning of the position of the oil spill tracking buoy during the oil spill tracking process to obtain the positioning information of the oil spill tracking buoy; the wave pendulum power generation module generates electricity by applying a fluctuating pressure to the piezoelectric ceramics through the swinging of the pendulum with the waves using the piezoelectric effect; the wave pendulum power generation module is connected in parallel with the intelligent charging and energy storage module, the satellite positioning module and the buoy remote communication module; the buoy remote communication module is used for remote communication with the oil spill tracking remote monitoring center, and transmits the positioning information of the oil spill tracking buoy of the satellite positioning module to the oil spill tracking remote monitoring center for remote monitoring of the oil spill tracking; the intelligent charging and energy storage module includes: an external charging unit of the buoy, an internal charging unit of the buoy, a wave pendulum power generation voltage stabilizing unit, and a micro-battery energy storage unit; the external charging unit of the buoy is used for charging the micro-battery energy storage unit through an external power source, the internal charging unit of the buoy conducts the wave pendulum piezoelectric power generation to the wave pendulum power generation voltage stabilizing unit, and the wave pendulum power generation voltage stabilizing unit stabilizes and regulates the fluctuating voltage of the wave pendulum power generation and stores it through a micro-wire connected to the power input end of the micro-battery energy storage unit; the voltage output end of the micro-battery energy storage unit is connected to the satellite positioning module and the buoy remote communication module through micro-wires to provide electrical energy for satellite positioning and remote communication; the intelligent charging and energy storage module further includes: a wireless charging unit and an external charging unit, which respectively perform wireless charging and external charging for energy replenishment; a sealing cover is arranged on the external charging interface of the external charging unit to prevent water and oil liquids from entering the shell.

[0014] Preferably, the wave pendulum power generation module includes: a micro swing hammer, a center of gravity balance swing arm, a wave fluctuation buffer liquid, a swing arm rotating shaft, a swing arm touch pressure elastic block, and a laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate; the micro swing pendulum is fixed at one end of the center of gravity balance swing arm; the center of gravity balance swing arm is a hollow cavity swing arm structure with a liquid filling hole; the wave fluctuation buffer liquid includes insulating lubricating oil and is filled into the hollow cavity through the liquid filling hole; the wave fluctuation buffer liquid is filled with about half of the volume of the hollow cavity; when the wave fluctuation is too large, the wave fluctuation buffer liquid buffers the wave fluctuation through inertia in the reverse direction, is located at the lower part of the hollow cavity when the wave rises, and is located at the upper part of the hollow cavity when the wave drops, enhancing the balance of the center of gravity; the swing arm rotating shaft is connected to the other end of the center of gravity balance swing arm through a shaft; the center of gravity balance swing arm swings around the swing arm rotating shaft; one side of the swing arm touch pressure elastic block is attached to the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate; the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate is formed by stacking multiple piezoelectric ceramic plates, and each layer is connected to the output electrode through a micro wire; the other side of the swing arm touch pressure elastic block is attached to the middle position of the center of gravity balance swing arm; when the center of gravity balance swing arm presses the swing arm touch pressure elastic block, the swing arm touch pressure elastic block applies pressure to the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate, and the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate generates electricity through the piezoelectric effect; the wave pendulum power generation module further includes: a swing kinetic energy recovery charging unit, a built-in magnet unit, a conductor coil unit, and a multi-type switch group unit; the swing kinetic energy recovery charging unit collects the kinetic energy of the buoy moving with the waves, driving a relative movement between the built-in magnet unit and the conductor coil unit to generate an induced current for power generation; when a relative movement occurs between the built-in magnet unit and the conductor coil unit, according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, an induced current will be generated in the coil, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the buoy moving with the waves into the electrical energy of the buoy; the multi-type switch group unit includes a contact switch or a non-contact switch; includes; a contact switch inside the buoy or a toggle switch outside the buoy; the non-contact switch includes: a wireless switch, a Bluetooth switch, or a magnetic control switch.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The asymmetric arc design of the upper shell and the lower shell enables the lower shell to effectively reduce the turbulent resistance of the underwater part, making the buoy closer to the actual drift path of the oil film. The resistance distribution of the underwater part of the lower shell is more uniform, avoiding the deviation of the drift trajectory of the spherical buoy under the influence of wind and water flow. Through the targeted design of the outer arc surface, the buoy can adapt to different oil film characteristics (viscosity, diffusion speed) and sea conditions (flow velocity, wind and waves), significantly improving the real-time performance and accuracy of oil spill tracking; the duration and accuracy of oil spill tracking and positioning are significantly improved; the balance of the center of gravity is enhanced; the error caused by wave fluctuations is significantly reduced; the energy utilization rate of wave fluctuation power generation is significantly improved; the positioning service life of the buoy is greatly improved.

[0017] The precision counterweight oil-spill tracking buoy described in the present invention. Other advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will be partially reflected by the following description and partially understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the precision counterweight oil-spill tracking buoy described in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view of the precision counterweight oil-spill tracking buoy described in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the lower shell.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic sectional structure diagram of the lower shell.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the counterweight on the counterweight.

[0024] Figure 6 For Figure 5 The sectional view (the mounting hole is a threaded hole).

[0025] Figure 7 It is an exploded view of the counterweight (the mounting hole is a slotted hole).

[0026] Figure 8 It is a sectional view of the counterweight sheet.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the counterweight sheet (A is a schematic structural diagram of the lower inserting sheet on the other side of the counterweight sheet).

[0028] In the figure: 1 upper shell, 2 lower shell, 3 upper sealing edge, 4 lower sealing edge, 5 counterweight, 6 bottom support, 61 bottom plate, 611 limiting strip, 62 back plate, 621 mounting hole, 7 counterweight group, 71 starting sheet, 711 inserting plate, 72 counterweight sheet, 721 through hole, 722 upper inserting sheet, 723 lower inserting sheet, 73 finishing sheet, 731 slot, 74 connecting hole, 75 opening groove, 8 fixing member, 81 pressing block, 82 connecting member. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0029] The following further detailed description of the present invention is made in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the description in the specification.

[0030] It should be understood that terms such as "having", "including", and "comprising" as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0031] As Figures 1-9 shown, the present invention provides a precision counterweight oil-spill tracking buoy, comprising: two half-shells, namely an upper shell 1 and a lower shell 2 respectively. A tracking module and a counterweight are arranged inside the lower shell 2. The upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 can be buckled with each other, and the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 can be welded, or bonded, or detachably connected. The lower shell 2 and the upper shell 1 include an asymmetric structure or a symmetric structure. The upper shell 1 is hemispherical, and an upper sealing edge 3 extending away from the upper shell 1 is arranged at the opening of the upper shell 1. A lower sealing edge 4 is arranged at the opening of the lower shell 2. The openings of the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 are arranged opposite to each other. The upper sealing edge 3 and the lower sealing edge 4 are in abutment or are connected by screws, or by rivets, or by snap sealing edges, or by welding or bonding. A sealing member is arranged between the upper sealing edge 3 and the lower sealing edge 4. The sealing member 6 is an annular silica gel ring, which is embedded in the docking groove between the upper sealing edge 3 and the lower sealing edge 4, so as to ensure the waterproof performance of the buoy. A counterweight 5 is arranged on the inner surface of the lower shell 2, and the counterweight 5 is integrally formed with the lower shell 2. The tracking module is arranged on the counterweight 5 or on the inner surface of the lower shell 2.

[0032] The lower shell 2 at least has an arc-shaped protrusion extending away from the upper shell 1, so that the outer wall of the lower shell 2 forms an outer arc surface and the inner wall forms an inner arc surface. The outer wall of the lower shell 2 and the outer wall of the upper shell 1 include an asymmetric structure or a symmetric structure. The radius of curvature of the outer arc surface is designed according to the average flow velocity and oil film viscosity of the target sea area, so as to reduce the water flow resistance and enhance the synchronism between the buoy and the oil film. The outer arc surface is a spherical surface (the radius is different from that of the upper shell 1. Although it includes an asymmetric structure or a symmetric structure with the upper shell 1, when the overall symmetry of the buoy is relatively high, it is more suitable for low-flow sea areas (such as harbors) and can provide stable tracking), or an ellipsoidal surface (usually after being put into the water, the long axis will extend along the direction of the water flow, thereby reducing the resistance of the oncoming flow surface and reducing the generation of turbulence. It is more suitable for medium and high-flow sea areas (such as the offshore area) and can improve the speed matching degree between the buoy and the oil film and reduce the lag), or a hyperboloid surface (because the curvature changes greatly, it can guide the water flow to flow in a specific direction and reduce the lateral resistance. It is more suitable for complex sea conditions (such as vortex areas) and can enhance the anti-lateral interference ability of the buoy and avoid deviating from the oil film track), or a parabolic surface (because the parabolic surface has a sharp front end and a gentle rear end, the wake resistance can be reduced after being put into the water. It is more suitable for tracking high-viscosity oil films (such as crude oil)). The material of the lower shell 2 includes fiberglass composite materials, ABS engineering plastics, and PP polypropylene.

[0033] The lower shell 2 includes a placement plane parallel to the lower sealing edge 4, such that the outer wall of the lower shell 2 forms an outer placement surface, the inner wall forms an inner placement surface, or the outer shell is provided with a spherical inner wall with a planar surface, or the outer shell is provided with a spherical inner wall with a concave spherical surface; the upper shell and the lower shell have a symmetrical or asymmetrical structure with respect to the joint surface.

[0034] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution: The asymmetrical arc design of the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 (for example, the outer arc surface of the lower shell 2 is an ellipsoidal surface, a hyperboloidal surface, etc.) enables the lower shell 2 to effectively reduce the turbulent resistance of the underwater part, making the buoy closer to the actual drift path of the oil film; the lower shell 2 includes a placement plane parallel to the lower sealing edge 4, such that the outer wall of the lower shell 2 forms an outer placement surface, the inner wall forms an inner placement surface, or the outer shell is provided with a spherical inner wall with a planar surface, or the outer shell is provided with a spherical inner wall with a concave spherical surface; the upper shell and the lower shell have a symmetrical or asymmetrical structure with respect to the joint surface; this makes the resistance distribution of the underwater part of the lower shell 2 more uniform, avoiding the deviation of the drift trajectory of the spherical buoy under the influence of wind and water flow. Through the targeted design of the outer arc surface, the buoy can adapt to different oil film characteristics (viscosity, diffusion speed) and sea conditions (flow velocity, wind and waves), significantly improving the real-time performance and accuracy of oil spill tracking.

[0035] Furthermore, since the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 are usually integrally formed, the counterweight 5 is usually also formed together with the lower shell 2, or the counterweight 5 can be separately manufactured and then installed on the lower shell 2. There are at least three counterweights 5, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner surface or the inner arc surface of the lower shell 2. The counterweight is arranged on the counterweight 5, as Figure 3 shown. Since the integral forming process is adopted, it will inevitably cause the center of gravity of the lower shell 2 to shift. After being put into the sea, the buoy will tilt. Long-term tilting will cause the upper and lower sealing edges to be immersed in seawater for a long time, which is likely to corrode the sealant and cause water to enter the buoy. Therefore, it is usually necessary to set counterweights inside the lower shell 2 for leveling operations.

[0036] The counterweight is composed of a base 6 detachably connected to the counterweight 5, several counterweight groups 7 arranged on the base 6, and a fixing member 8 for fixing the counterweight groups 7 on the base 6.

[0037] The fixing member 8 is composed of a pressing block 81 and a connecting member 82 passing through the pressing block 81. The connecting member 82 passes through the pressing block 81 and the counterweight group 7 and is connected to the base 6.

[0038] The base 6 includes a bottom plate 61 connected to the counterweight 5 and a back plate 62 for connecting to the fixing member 8. The back plate 62 is arranged at one end of the bottom plate 61. An installation hole 621 for connecting to the fixing member 8 is provided on the back plate 62, and the installation hole 621 is a threaded hole or a slotted hole.

[0039] When the installation hole 621 is a threaded hole, the connecting member 82 is a stud with a knob provided at one end. The knob is located at one end of the pressing block 81. The stud sequentially passes through the pressing block 81 and the weight assembly 7 and is threadedly connected to the installation hole 621, as Figure 6 shown;

[0040] When the installation hole 621 is a strip-shaped hole, the connecting member 82 is a bolt with a T-shaped head. The T-shaped head is located on the side of the back plate 62 away from the weight assembly 7. The bolt sequentially passes through the back plate 62, the weight assembly 7 and the pressing block 81 and is then threadedly connected to a knob with a threaded hole, as Figure 7 shown.

[0041] At least one limiting strip 611 is provided on the top of the bottom plate 61. The limiting strip 611 is parallel to the connecting member 82, as Figure 7 shown.

[0042] The weight assembly 7 is composed of a starting piece 71 detachably connected to the back plate 62, a plurality of weight pieces 72 detachably connected, and a finishing piece 73 abutted against the pressing block 81. Connecting holes 74 and opening grooves 75 are provided on the starting piece 71, the weight pieces 72 and the finishing piece 73. The connecting member 82 passes through the weight assembly 7 through the connecting holes 74. The opening grooves 75 of the weight assembly 7 together form a strip-shaped limiting groove adapted to the limiting strip 611 of the bottom plate 61, whereby the position of the weight assembly can be limited.

[0043] The weight piece 72 is provided with a through hole 721, an upper inserting piece 722 extending upward from the through hole 721 and a lower inserting piece 723 extending downward from the through hole 721. The upper inserting piece 722 and the lower inserting piece 723 are respectively located on two opposite side walls of the through hole 721. The weight piece 72 has a non-zero angle with the vertical direction.

[0044] The connection between two adjacent weight pieces 72, as Figure 8 shown, the upper inserting piece 722 of the weight piece 72 on the left is inserted into the through hole 721 of the weight piece 72 on the right. After insertion, the right side wall of the lower inserting piece 723 of the weight piece 72 on the right abuts against the left side wall of the upper inserting piece 722 of the weight piece 72 on the left. When the two weight pieces 72 are connected, the connecting holes 74 of the two weight pieces 72 are located on the same central axis.

[0045] The starting piece 71 is provided with an inserting plate 711 adapted to the through hole 721 of the weight piece 72, and the finishing piece 73 is provided with a slot 731 adapted to the upper inserting piece 722 of the weight piece 72.

[0046] When installing the weight assembly 7, first install the starting piece 71 on the back plate 62 through screws, and make the insertion plate 711 of the starting piece 71 face away from the back plate 62. Then connect the first weight piece 72 to the starting piece 71, insert the insertion plate 711 of the starting piece 71 into the through hole 721. When the starting piece 71 is connected to the first weight piece 72, the insertion plate 711 is located in the through hole 721, the right side wall of the lower insertion piece 723 of the first weight piece 72 abuts against the left side wall of the insertion plate 711, and the left side wall of the upper insertion piece 722 of the first weight piece 72 does not abut against the right side wall of the insertion plate 711.

[0047] Then connect the second weight piece 72. The right side wall of the lower insertion piece 723 of the second weight piece 72 abuts against the left side wall of the upper insertion piece 722 of the first weight piece 72, and the left side wall of the upper insertion piece 722 of the second weight piece 72 abuts against the right side wall of the lower insertion piece 723 of the third weight piece 72, and so on.

[0048] After the weight adjustment is completed, connect the end piece 73 to the last weight piece 72, and insert the upper insertion piece 722 of the last weight piece 72 into the slot 731 of the end piece 73.

[0049] Finally, pass the connecting piece 82 through the weight assembly 7, and press the pressing block 81 on the end piece 73 to fix the weight assembly 7.

[0050] Since each weight piece 5 is provided with a weight, the number of weight pieces 72 can be adjusted at any time to adjust the center of gravity position of the lower shell 2, so that when the buoy is put into the sea water, the soaking time of the sea water on the seal can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the seal can be extended.

[0051] In one embodiment, a satellite positioning module, a wave pendulum power generation module, a buoy remote communication module, and an intelligent charging and energy storage module are arranged inside the shell; the satellite positioning module is used to perform satellite positioning on the position of the oil spill tracking buoy during the oil spill tracking process to obtain the positioning information of the oil spill tracking buoy; the wave pendulum power generation module generates electricity by applying a fluctuating pressure to the piezoelectric ceramics through the swinging of the pendulum along with the waves and utilizing the piezoelectric effect; the wave pendulum power generation module is connected in parallel with the intelligent charging and energy storage module, the satellite positioning module, and the buoy remote communication module; the buoy remote communication module is used to perform remote communication with the oil spill tracking remote monitoring center, transmit the positioning information of the oil spill tracking buoy of the satellite positioning module to the oil spill tracking remote monitoring center, and perform remote monitoring of the oil spill tracking; the intelligent charging and energy storage module includes: an external charging unit outside the buoy, an internal charging unit inside the buoy, a wave pendulum power generation voltage stabilizing unit, and a micro-battery energy storage unit; the external charging unit outside the buoy is used to charge the micro-battery energy storage unit through an external power source, the internal charging unit inside the buoy conducts the piezoelectric power generation of the wave pendulum to the wave pendulum power generation voltage stabilizing unit, the wave pendulum power generation voltage stabilizing unit stabilizes and regulates the fluctuating voltage of the wave pendulum power generation and stores it through a micro-wire connected to the power input end of the micro-battery energy storage unit; the voltage output end of the micro-battery energy storage unit is connected to the satellite positioning module and the buoy remote communication module through micro-wires to provide electrical energy for satellite positioning and remote communication; the intelligent charging and energy storage module further includes: a wireless charging unit and an external charging unit, which perform wireless charging and external charging and energy replenishment respectively; a sealing cover is arranged on the external charging interface of the external charging unit to prevent water and oil liquids from entering the shell.

[0052] The wave pendulum power generation module includes: a micro swing hammer, a center of gravity balance swing arm, a wave fluctuation buffer liquid, a swing arm rotating shaft, a swing arm pressing elastic block, and a laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate; the micro swing pendulum is fixed at one end of the center of gravity balance swing arm; the center of gravity balance swing arm is a hollow cavity swing arm structure with a liquid filling hole; the wave fluctuation buffer liquid includes insulating lubricating oil and is filled into the hollow cavity through the liquid filling hole; the wave fluctuation buffer liquid is filled with about half of the volume of the hollow cavity; when the wave fluctuation is too large, the wave fluctuation buffer liquid buffers the wave fluctuation through inertia in the reverse direction. When the wave rises, it is located at the lower part of the hollow cavity, and when the wave falls, it is located at the upper part of the hollow cavity, enhancing the balance of the center of gravity; the swing arm rotating shaft is connected to the other end of the center of gravity balance swing arm through a shaft; the center of gravity balance swing arm swings around the swing arm rotating shaft; one side of the swing arm pressing elastic block is attached to the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate; the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate is formed by stacking multiple piezoelectric ceramic plates, and each layer is connected to the output electrode through a micro wire; the other side of the swing arm pressing elastic block is attached to the middle position of the center of gravity balance swing arm; when the center of gravity balance swing arm presses the swing arm pressing elastic block, the swing arm pressing elastic block applies pressure to the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate, and the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate generates electricity through the piezoelectric effect; the wave pendulum power generation module further includes: a swing kinetic energy recovery charging unit, an internal magnet unit, a conductor coil unit, and a multi-type switch group unit; the swing kinetic energy recovery charging unit collects the kinetic energy of the buoy moving with the waves, driving a relative movement between the internal magnet unit and the conductor coil unit to generate an induced current for power generation; when a relative movement occurs between the internal magnet unit and the conductor coil unit, according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, an induced current will be generated in the coil, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the buoy moving with the waves into the electrical energy of the buoy; the multi-type switch group unit includes a contact switch or a non-contact switch; including: a contact switch inside the buoy or a toggle switch outside the buoy; the non-contact switch includes: a wireless switch, a Bluetooth switch, or a magnetic control switch.

[0053] Working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution: Inside the shell, a satellite positioning module, a wave pendulum power generation module, a buoy remote communication module, and an intelligent charging and energy storage module are fixedly arranged or arranged with vibration prevention according to the structure; the satellite positioning module, the wave pendulum power generation module, the buoy remote communication module, and the intelligent charging and energy storage module are integrally sealed and waterproof packaged; the satellite positioning module is used to perform satellite positioning on the position of the oil spill tracking buoy during the oil spill tracking process to obtain the positioning information of the oil spill tracking buoy; the wave pendulum power generation module generates electricity by applying a fluctuating pressure to the piezoelectric ceramic by swinging the pendulum with the waves using the piezoelectric effect; the wave pendulum power generation module is connected in parallel with the intelligent charging and energy storage module, the satellite positioning module, and the buoy remote communication module; the buoy remote communication module is used to perform remote communication with the oil spill tracking remote monitoring center, and transmit the positioning information of the oil spill tracking buoy of the satellite positioning module to the oil spill tracking remote monitoring center for remote monitoring of the oil spill tracking; the intelligent charging and energy storage module includes: an external charging unit outside the buoy, an internal charging unit inside the buoy, a wave pendulum power generation voltage stabilizing unit, and a micro-battery energy storage unit; the external charging unit outside the buoy is used to charge the micro-battery energy storage unit through an external power source, and the internal charging unit inside the buoy conducts the wave pendulum piezoelectric power generation to the wave pendulum power generation voltage stabilizing unit. The wave pendulum power generation voltage stabilizing unit stabilizes and regulates the fluctuating voltage of the wave pendulum power generation and stores it through a micro-wire connected to the power input end of the micro-battery energy storage unit; the voltage output end of the micro-battery energy storage unit is connected to the satellite positioning module and the buoy remote communication module through micro-wires to provide electrical energy for satellite positioning and remote communication; the intelligent charging and energy storage module further includes: a wireless charging unit and an external charging unit for wireless charging and external charging and energy replenishment respectively; a sealing cover is provided for the external charging interface of the external charging unit to prevent water and oil liquids from entering the shell; the wave pendulum power generation module includes: a micro swing hammer, a center of gravity balance swing arm, a wave fluctuation buffer liquid, a swing arm rotation shaft, a swing arm touch pressure elastic block, and a laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate; the micro swing pendulum is fixed at one end of the center of gravity balance swing arm; the center of gravity balance swing arm is a hollow cavity swing arm structure provided with a liquid filling hole; the wave fluctuation buffer liquid includes insulating lubricating oil and is filled into the hollow cavity through the liquid filling hole; the wave fluctuation buffer liquid is filled with about half of the volume of the hollow cavity; when the wave fluctuation is too large, the wave fluctuation buffer liquid buffers the wave fluctuation by inertia in the reverse direction. When the wave rises, it is located at the lower part of the hollow cavity, and when the wave falls, it is located at the upper part of the hollow cavity, enhancing the balance of the center of gravity; the swing arm rotation shaft is connected to the other end of the center of gravity balance swing arm through a shaft; the center of gravity balance swing arm swings and rotates around the swing arm rotation shaft; one side of the swing arm touch pressure elastic block is attached to the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate; the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate is formed by stacking multiple piezoelectric ceramic plates, and each layer is connected to the output electrode through a micro-wire; the other side of the swing arm touch pressure elastic block is attached to the middle position of the center of gravity balance swing arm; when the center of gravity balance swing arm presses the swing arm touch pressure elastic block, the swing arm touch pressure elastic block applies pressure to the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate, and the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate generates electricity through the piezoelectric effect;The wave pendulum power generation module further includes: a swing kinetic energy recovery and charging unit, a built-in magnet unit, a conductor coil unit, and a multi-type switch group unit; the swing kinetic energy recovery and charging unit collects the kinetic energy of the buoy moving with the waves, driving a relative movement between the built-in magnet unit and the conductor coil unit to generate induced current for power generation; when a relative movement occurs between the built-in magnet unit and the conductor coil unit, according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, an induced current will be generated in the coil, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the buoy moving with the waves into electrical energy of the buoy; the multi-type switch group unit includes a contact switch or a non-contact switch; including: a contact switch inside the buoy or a toggle switch outside the buoy; the non-contact switch includes: a wireless switch, a Bluetooth switch, or a magnetic control switch; it significantly improves the duration and accuracy of oil spill tracking and positioning; enhances the center balance; significantly reduces the error caused by wave fluctuations; significantly improves the energy utilization rate of wave fluctuation power generation; and greatly extends the service life of buoy positioning.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0055] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communicable with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, it is not limited to only the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrated and described examples here.

Claims

1. A precision weighted oil spill tracking buoy, comprising: The two half shells are an upper shell (1) and a lower shell (2), and are characterized in that a tracking module and a counterweight are arranged in the lower shell (2), and the upper shell (1) is connected to the lower shell (2).

2. The precision weighted oil spill tracking buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper shell (1) is hemispherical, an upper sealing edge (3) extending away from the upper shell (1) is provided at the opening of the upper shell (1), and a lower sealing edge (4) is provided at the opening of the lower shell (2). The openings of the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (2) are arranged opposite to each other, and the upper sealing edge (3) is in contact with the lower sealing edge (4).

3. The precision weighted oil spill tracking buoy according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing member is provided between the upper sealing edge (3) and the lower sealing edge (4).

4. The precision weighted oil spill tracking buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower shell (2) has at least one arc-shaped protrusion extending in a direction away from the upper shell (1), so that the outer wall of the lower shell (2) forms an outer arc surface, and the inner wall forms an inner arc surface.

5. The precision weighted oil spill tracking buoy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower shell (2) comprises a placement plane parallel to the lower edge seal (4), so that the outer wall of the lower shell (2) forms an outer placement surface, and the inner wall forms an inner placement surface, or the outer shell is provided with a spherical surface and the inner wall is provided with a plane, or the outer shell is provided with a spherical surface and the inner wall is provided with a concave spherical surface; the upper shell and the lower shell are in a symmetrical structure or an asymmetrical structure with a joint surface.

6. The precision weighted oil spill tracking buoy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer arc surface is a spherical surface, an ellipsoidal surface, a hyperbolic surface, or a parabola.

7. The precision weighted oil spill tracking buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight (5) is provided on the inner surface of the lower shell (2).

8. The precision weighted oil spill tracking buoy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tracking module is arranged on the counterweight (5) or the inner surface of the lower shell (2).

9. The precision weighted oil spill tracking buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: A satellite positioning module, a wave pendulum power generation module, a buoy remote communication module and an intelligent charging energy storage module are arranged in the shell; the satellite positioning module is used to perform satellite positioning on the position of the oil spill tracking buoy during the oil spill tracking process, and obtain the positioning information of the oil spill tracking buoy; the wave pendulum power generation module generates electricity by using the piezoelectric effect by swinging the pendulum with the wave fluctuations to apply fluctuating pressure to the piezoelectric ceramics; the wave pendulum power generation module and the intelligent charging energy storage module are connected in parallel with the satellite positioning module and the buoy remote communication module; the buoy remote communication module is used to perform remote communication with the oil spill tracking remote monitoring center, and transmit the oil spill tracking buoy positioning information of the satellite positioning module to the oil spill tracking remote monitoring center for remote monitoring of oil spill tracking.

10. The precision weighted oil spill tracking buoy according to claim 9, characterized in that: The wave pendulum power generation module includes: a micro swing hammer, a center of gravity balancing swing arm, a wave fluctuation buffer, a swing arm rotating shaft, a swing arm contact pressure spring block and a laminated piezoelectric ceramic plate; the micro swing pendulum is fixed at one end of the center of gravity balancing swing arm; the center of gravity balancing swing arm is a hollow cavity swing arm structure, and a liquid filling hole is provided; the wave fluctuation buffer includes insulating lubricating oil, which is filled into the hollow cavity through the liquid filling hole; the wave fluctuation buffer is filled with about half of the volume of the hollow cavity; when the wave fluctuation is too large, the wave fluctuation buffer buffers the wave fluctuation through inertia reverse buffering, and is located in the lower part of the hollow cavity when the wave fluctuation rises, and is located in the upper part of the hollow cavity when the wave fluctuation falls, thereby enhancing the center of gravity balance; the multi-type switch group unit includes a contact switch or a non-contact switch; including; a contact switch inside the buoy or a toggle switch outside the buoy; the non-contact switch includes: a wireless switch, a Bluetooth switch or a magnetically controlled switch.

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