Elevator protection device

Abstract

According to the elevator protection device, an inclined first limiting sliding rail is arranged on a first supporting frame, a first elastic piece is arranged between a first brake block and the first supporting frame, and when an elevator car is abnormally weightless, the outer side of the first brake block gradually gets close to and makes contact with the inner wall of an elevator rail so as to brake the elevator car. When the lift car is overweight abnormally, the outer side of the second brake block gradually gets close to and makes contact with the inner wall of the lift rail so as to brake the lift car, and the lift is prevented from running upwards. According to the elevator car braking device, the first elastic piece is triggered to restore deformation through the abnormal weightlessness state of the first brake block when the elevator car falls, the first brake block slides along the first limiting sliding rail and makes contact with the side wall of the elevator track, and the elevator car is braked through friction force between the first brake block and the side wall of the elevator track; the life safety of elevator passengers is guaranteed to the maximum extent, the elevator is prevented from running upwards through the top rushing protection structure, and the function of protecting the safety of people and equipment is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of elevator equipment, and particularly relates to an elevator protection device. Background Art

[0002] An elevator refers to a device that serves several specific floors in a building, and its car mainly moves vertically. With the improvement of technology, elevator technology has become more and more mature and safe. By the end of the 20th century, permanent magnet synchronous traction machines were used as power for elevators, greatly reducing the floor area of the machine room, and having the advantages of low energy consumption, high energy efficiency, and fast lifting speed, which has greatly promoted the development of the real estate market.

[0003] In the process of using existing elevators, situations of weightlessness - that is, free fall - may occur due to external power supply or problems with the elevator itself, which are likely to cause major casualties and bring great pain to people. Although there are many methods to minimize the harm to the human body when the elevator is in weightlessness, such as leaning the back against the inner wall of the elevator and bending the legs slightly, these methods are all passive protections and mainly rely on the human body to bear the acceleration of the fall. There are also some elevators that adopt auxiliary safety protection means. For example, Chinese Patent CN208516726U discloses an elevator with a weightlessness protection device, including a car and a weightlessness protection device. The weightlessness protection device includes: a handrail hinged to the car; a first transmission rod hinged to the transmission input end of the handrail and extending to the bottom of the car; a second transmission rod hinged below the car and hinged to the first transmission rod; two positioning and guiding holes opened at the bottom of the car; two damping rods installed at the bottom of the car, and the two damping rods respectively pass through the positioning and guiding holes. The two damping rods are hinged to each other, and the ends far from the hinged part respectively pass through the corresponding positioning and guiding holes and extend to the damping ends in the plane of the car side wall. The two damping rods form an obtuse angle structure that opens upward at the hinged part. The whole device has a simple structure, is completely mechanically operated, and does not involve any electronic components, thus avoiding the situation of unstable operation of electronic components and greatly improving its own safety factor.

[0004] The above patent requires manual control of the transmission mechanism to drive the damping rods to move. Its overall structure is relatively complex, and there is also the problem of untimely manual operation, which has certain limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an elevator protection device to solve the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An elevator protection device includes a first support frame and a first brake block. The first support frame is connected to the car of the elevator. An inclined first limit slide rail is provided on the first support frame. The first brake block is slidably engaged with the first limit slide rail, and a first elastic member is provided between the first brake block and the first support frame. The first brake block maintains balance under its own gravity and the action of the first elastic member. When the car is abnormally weightless, the first elastic member recovers its deformation and drives the first brake block to slide upward along the first limit slide rail. The outer side of the first brake block gradually approaches and contacts the inner wall of the elevator track to brake the car.

[0007] As an optional implementation manner of the above technical solution, the first elastic member includes a first spring. The top end of the first spring is connected to the first support frame, and the bottom end of the first spring is connected to the first brake block.

[0008] As an optional implementation manner of the above technical solution, the first support frame includes a support column. The bottom of the support column is connected to the car. A first unlocking and separating mechanism is provided at the top of the support column. A bent first support arm is provided on the side of the support column. The first limit slide rail is inclinedly arranged on the first support arm. A first hinge joint A is provided between the bottom of the first support arm and the car. The top of the first support arm is connected to the first unlocking and separating mechanism. The first unlocking and separating mechanism is used to pull the first support arm to rotate around the first hinge joint A so that the first brake block is away from the elevator track.

[0009] As an optional implementation manner of the above technical solution, the first support arm includes a first arm body A and a first arm body B. The first limit slide rail is inclinedly arranged along the first arm body B. One end of the first arm body A is connected to the first unlocking and separating mechanism. A first hinge joint B is provided between the other end of the first arm body A and the first arm body B. The first hinge joint A is provided between the bottom of the first arm body B and the car.

[0010] As an optional implementation manner of the above technical solution, a first extension plate is provided at one end of the first arm body B. The top end of the first elastic member is connected to the first extension plate.

[0011] As an optional implementation manner of the above technical solution, the first unlocking and separating mechanism includes a first unlocking seat and a first pulling member. The first unlocking seat is arranged at the top of the support column. The first pulling member is movably installed on the first unlocking seat. A first hinge joint C is provided between one end of the first pulling member and the first arm body A.

[0012] As an alternative implementation of the above technical solution, the first pulling member includes a first pulling screw, the first pulling screw is threadedly connected to the first unlocking seat, the bottom end of the first pulling screw is rotationally engaged with the first hinge joint C, and the first pulling screw can move vertically up and down to drive the first support arm to rotate around the first hinge joint A; a first spiral handle is provided at the top end of the first pulling screw.

[0013] As an alternative implementation of the above technical solution, a first baffle is provided at the bottom of the first unlocking seat, and the first baffle is used to limit the downward movement of the first pulling screw.

[0014] As an alternative implementation of the above technical solution, bent first support arms are provided on both sides of the support column, first limit sliding rails are provided on both first support arms, first brake blocks are provided on both first limit sliding rails, and the first unlocking and separating mechanism is used to pull the two first support arms to rotate around the two first hinge joints A respectively, so that the two first brake blocks are away from the inner wall of the elevator track.

[0015] As an alternative implementation of the above technical solution, the inner wall of the elevator track is wavy; the surface of the first brake block close to the elevator track is wavy.

[0016] As an alternative implementation of the above technical solution, the first brake block is provided with a first release mechanism. When the car is stationary or running at a constant speed, the first release mechanism and the first elastic member keep the first brake block in a balanced state; when the car is abnormally weightless (exceeding the normal running weight of the elevator start), the first release mechanism releases the first brake block, and the first elastic member restores its deformation and drives the first brake block to slide upward along the first limit sliding rail, and the outer side of the first brake block gradually approaches and contacts the inner wall of the elevator track to brake the car.

[0017] As an alternative implementation of the above technical solution, the first release mechanism includes a first hook and a first release rotating shaft. The first hook is arranged on the first brake block. The first release rotating shaft is connected to the car through a bearing seat. The first release rotating shaft is provided with a first semi-circular hanging portion adapted to the first hook. The first release rotating shaft is provided with an elastic pulling component, and the elastic pulling component is used to drive the first release rotating shaft to rotate when the car is abnormally weightless, so that the first hook and the first release rotating shaft are separated from each other.

[0018] As an alternative implementation of the above technical solution, the elastic pulling component includes an elastic pulling member and a gravity block. The gravity block is suspended on the support column by the elastic pulling member. The first release rotating shaft is provided with a first balance rod along its radial direction. When the car is in a weightless state, the elastic pulling member pulls the gravity block upward, and the gravity block applies an external force to the first balance rod to cause the first release rotating shaft to rotate; alternatively, the gravity block is provided with a weight detection device, the weight detection device is connected to an electrical automatic control device, the first release rotating shaft is provided with a first rotation driving mechanism, and the first rotation driving mechanism is connected to the electrical automatic control device. When the weight detection device detects that the car is in an abnormal weightless state, the electrical automatic control device controls the first release rotating shaft to rotate through the first rotation driving mechanism.

[0019] As an alternative implementation of the above technical solution, the first balance rod is provided with a first upper limit block and a first lower limit block. The first upper limit block is provided with a first trigger switch, and the first trigger switch is connected to the electrical controller of the elevator.

[0020] As an alternative implementation of the above technical solution, it further includes a second support frame and a second brake block. The second support frame is connected to the car. The second support frame is provided with an inclined second limit slide rail. The second brake block is slidably matched with the second limit slide rail, and a second elastic member is provided between the second brake block and the second support frame. The second brake block maintains balance under its own gravity and the action of the second elastic member. When the car is abnormally overweight, the second elastic member restores deformation and drives the second brake block to slide downward along the second limit slide rail. The outer side of the second brake block gradually approaches and contacts the inner wall of the elevator track to brake the car and prevent the elevator from running upward.

[0021] As an alternative implementation of the above technical solution, the second elastic member includes a second spring. The bottom end of the second spring is connected to the second support frame, and the top end of the second spring is connected to the second brake block.

[0022] As an alternative implementation of the above technical solution, the second support frame includes a bent second support arm. The second support arm is connected to the support column. A second unlocking and separating mechanism is provided at the lower part of the support column. The second limit slide rail is inclined and arranged on the second support arm. A second hinge joint A is provided between the top of the second support arm and the car (beam). The bottom of the second support arm is connected to the second unlocking and separating mechanism. The second unlocking and separating mechanism is used to pull the second support arm to rotate around the second hinge joint A to make the second brake block away from the elevator track.

[0023] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the second support arm includes a second arm body A and a second arm body B. The second limiting slide rail is arranged obliquely along the second arm body B. One end of the second arm body A is connected to the second unlocking and separating mechanism. A second hinge joint B is provided between the other end of the second arm body A and the second arm body B. A second hinge joint A is provided between the top of the second arm body B and the car.

[0024] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, one end of the second arm body B is provided with a second extension plate, and the bottom end of the second elastic member is connected to the second extension plate.

[0025] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the second unlocking and separating mechanism includes a second unlocking seat and a second pulling member. The second unlocking seat is arranged on the support column. The second pulling member is movably installed on the second unlocking seat. A second hinge joint C is provided between one end of the second pulling member and the second arm body A.

[0026] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the second pulling member includes a second pulling screw. The second pulling screw is threadedly connected to the second unlocking seat. The bottom end of the second pulling screw is rotationally matched with the second hinge joint C. The second pulling screw can move vertically up and down to drive the second support arm to rotate around the second hinge joint A. A second spiral handle is provided at the top end of the second pulling screw.

[0027] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, a second baffle is provided at the bottom of the second unlocking seat. The second baffle is used to limit the downward movement of the second pulling screw.

[0028] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, bent second support arms are provided on both sides of the support column. Second limiting slide rails are provided on both second support arms. Second brake blocks are provided on both second limiting slide rails. The second unlocking and separating mechanism is used to pull the two second support arms to rotate around the two second hinge joints A respectively, so that the two second brake blocks are away from the inner wall of the elevator track.

[0029] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the surface of the second brake block close to the elevator track is wavy.

[0030] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the second brake block is provided with a second release mechanism. When the car is stationary or running at a constant speed, the second release mechanism and the second elastic member keep the second brake block in a balanced state. When the car is abnormally overweight, the second release mechanism releases the second brake block. The second elastic member resumes deformation and drives the second brake block to slide downward along the second limiting slide rail. The outer side of the second brake block gradually approaches and contacts the inner wall of the elevator track to brake the car and prevent the elevator from running upward to avoid a top collision accident.

[0031] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the second release mechanism includes a second hook and a second release rotating shaft. The second hook is arranged on the second brake block. The second release rotating shaft is connected to the car by a bearing seat. The second release rotating shaft is provided with a second semi-circular hanging portion adapted to the second hook. When the car is abnormally overweight, the elastic pulling assembly can drive the second release rotating shaft to rotate, so that the second hook and the second release rotating shaft are separated from each other.

[0032] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the second release rotating shaft is provided with a second balance rod along its radial direction. When the car is overweight, the gravity block moves downward, and the gravity block exerts an external force on the second balance rod to make the second release rotating shaft rotate; or the second release rotating shaft is provided with a second rotation driving mechanism, and the second rotation driving mechanism is connected to the electrical automatic control device. When the weight detection device detects that the car is in an abnormally overweight state, the electrical automatic control device controls the second release rotating shaft to rotate through the second rotation driving mechanism.

[0033] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the second balance rod is provided with a second upper limit block and a second lower limit block. The second lower limit block is provided with a second trigger switch, and the second trigger switch is connected to the electrical controller of the elevator.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] The present invention provides an elevator protection device. When the car is stationary or running at a constant speed, the first brake block maintains balance under its own gravity and the action of the first elastic member. When the car falls, both the car and the first brake block are in an abnormally weightless state. At this time, the pulling force of the first elastic member on the first brake block is greater than the own gravity of the first brake block. The first elastic member will pull the first brake block to move obliquely upward along the first limit slide rail, so that the first brake block gradually approaches the inner wall of the elevator track. The present invention utilizes the weightless state of the first brake block when the car falls to trigger the first elastic member to recover its deformation, so that the first brake block slides along the first limit slide rail and contacts the side wall of the elevator track. The car is braked by the frictional force between the first brake block and the side wall of the elevator track, which maximally ensures the life safety of the passengers taking the elevator. Its structure is simple, no manual operation is required, and it has good safety and high practicability. Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the elevator protection device in Embodiment 1;

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the elevator protection device in Embodiment 2;

[0038] Figure 3 is Figure 2View A-A in [the figure];

[0039] Figure 4 It is a diagram showing the usage (operation) state of the first release mechanism in Embodiment 2;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the elevator protection device in Embodiment 3;

[0041] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 View B-B in [the figure];

[0042] Figure 7 It is a diagram showing the usage state of the first release mechanism and the second release mechanism in Embodiment 3;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first release mechanism and the second release mechanism in Embodiment 4;

[0044] Figure 9 It is a diagram showing the usage state of the first release mechanism and the second release mechanism in Embodiment 4;

[0045] Figure 10 It is another diagram showing the usage state of the first release mechanism and the second release mechanism in Embodiment 4.

[0046] In the figure: 1 - first brake block; 2 - first limit slide rail; 3 - car; 4 - elevator track; 5 - first spring; 6 - support column; 7 - first hinge joint A; 8 - first arm body A; 9 - first arm body B; 10 - first hinge joint B; 11 - first extension plate; 12 - first unlocking seat; 13 - first hinge joint C; 14 - first pulling screw; 15 - first screw handle; 16 - first baffle; 17 - first hook; 18 - first release rotating shaft; 19 - elastic pulling member; 20 - gravity block; 21 - first balance bar; 22 - first upper limit block; 23 - first lower limit block; 24 - first trigger switch; 25 - second brake block; 26 - second limit slide rail; 27 - second spring; 29 - second hinge joint A; 30 - second arm body A; 31 - second arm body B; 32 - second hinge joint B; 33 - second extension plate; 34 - second unlocking seat; 35 - second hinge joint C; 36 - second pulling screw; 37 - second screw handle; 38 - second baffle; 39 - second hook; 40 - second release rotating shaft; 41 - second balance bar; 42 - second upper limit block; 43 - second lower limit block; 44 - second trigger switch. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] Embodiment 1

[0048] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides an elevator protection device, including a first support frame and a first brake block 1. The first support frame is connected to the car 3 of the elevator. The first support frame is arranged on the top of the car 3 and will not affect the normal operation of the car 3. An inclined first limit slide rail 2 is provided on the first support frame. The first brake block 1 is slidably matched with the first limit slide rail 2, and a first elastic member is provided between the first brake block 1 and the first support frame. When the car 3 is stationary or running at a constant speed, the first brake block 1 maintains balance under its own gravity and the action of the first elastic member. One side of the first brake block 1 is a vertical braking surface for contacting the inner wall of the elevator track 4, and the other side is an inclined surface adapted to the first limit slide rail 2. In order to improve the sliding stability of the first brake block 1, four pulleys are installed on one side of the first brake block 1, and the four pulleys can slide along the first limit slide rail 2.

[0049] When the car 3 is running normally, due to the action of the self-gravity of the first brake block 1, the first elastic member remains in a stretched state. When the car 3 falls, both the car 3 and the first brake block 1 are in an abnormal weightless state. At this time, the pulling force of the first elastic member on the first brake block 1 is greater than the self-gravity of the first brake block 1, and the first elastic member will pull the first brake block 1 to move obliquely upward along the first limit slide rail 2, so that the first brake block 1 gradually approaches the inner wall of the elevator track 4. If the car 3 is in free fall, both the car 3 and the first brake block 1 are in a completely weightless state. The first elastic member quickly recovers its deformation and drives the first brake block 1 to slide upward along the first limit slide rail 2, and the outer side of the first brake block 1 quickly contacts the inner wall of the elevator track 4 to achieve rapid braking of the car 3.

[0050] The present invention utilizes the abnormal weightless state of the first brake block 1 when the car 3 falls to trigger the first elastic member to recover its deformation, so that the first brake block 1 slides upward along the first limit slide rail 2 and contacts the side wall of the elevator track 4, and brakes the car 3 through the friction force between the first brake block 1 and the side wall of the elevator track 4, ensuring the life safety of passengers to the greatest extent. Its structure is simple, without manual control, has good safety, and has high practicability.

[0051] In order to improve the braking effect of the car 3, first brake blocks 1 are arranged on both sides of the first support frame. The two first brake blocks 1 are symmetrically arranged. The two first brake blocks 1 are both connected to the first support frame through first elastic members, and the two first brake blocks 1 respectively contact the inner walls of the elevator tracks 4 on both sides of the car 3, so as to brake the car 3.

[0052] In order to further improve the braking effect of the car 3, the inner wall of the elevator track 4 is wavy, and the surface of the first brake block 1 close to the elevator track 4 is wavy. The first brake block 1 is made of high-strength rubber or other wear-resistant elastic materials. The contact area between the first brake block 1 and the inner wall of the elevator track 4 is large, and the braking effect is good.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first elastic member includes a first spring 5. The top end of the first spring 5 is connected to the first support frame, and the bottom end of the first spring 5 is connected to the first brake block 1. Preferably, the first spring 5 is vertically arranged. When the first spring 5 contracts, it can pull the first brake block 1 to slide upward along the first limit slide rail 2, so that the outer wall of the first brake block 1 contacts the inner wall of the elevator track 4, realizing the braking function of the car 3. It should be noted that the first elastic member can also be realized by an elastic rope or the like.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first support frame includes a support column 6. The bottom of the support column 6 is fixedly connected to the car 3. The top of the support column 6 is provided with a first unlocking and separating mechanism. The side of the support column 6 is provided with a bent first support arm. The first limit slide rail 2 is inclined and arranged on the first support arm. A first hinge joint A7 is arranged between the bottom of the first support arm and the car 3. The top of the first support arm is connected to the first unlocking and separating mechanism. The first unlocking and separating mechanism is used to pull the first support arm to rotate around the first hinge joint A7, so that the first brake block 1 is away from the elevator track 4. After the elevator is repaired, the first brake block 1 can be driven away from the elevator track 4 through the first unlocking and separating mechanism, so that the car 3 can run normally.

[0055] Specifically, the first support arm includes a first arm body A8 and a first arm body B9. The first limit slide rail 2 is inclined and arranged along the first arm body B9. One end of the first arm body A8 is connected to the first unlocking and separating mechanism. A first hinge joint B10 is arranged between the other end of the first arm body A8 and the first arm body B9. The first hinge joint A7 is arranged between the bottom of the first arm body B9 and the car 3. One end of the first arm body B9 is provided with a first extension plate 11. The top end of the first spring 5 is connected to the first extension plate 11.

[0056] Among them, the first unlocking and separating mechanism includes a first unlocking seat 12 and a first pulling member. The first unlocking seat 12 is arranged at the top of the support column 6. The first pulling member is movably installed on the first unlocking seat 12. A first hinge joint C13 is arranged between one end of the first pulling member and the first arm body A8. Preferably, the first pulling member includes a first pulling screw 14. The first pulling screw 14 is threadedly connected to the first unlocking seat 12. The bottom end of the first pulling screw 14 is rotationally matched with the first hinge joint C13. The first pulling screw 14 can move vertically up and down to drive the first support arm to rotate around the first hinge joint A7. Further, a first spiral handle 15 is arranged at the top end of the first pulling screw 14. A first baffle 16 is arranged at the bottom of the first unlocking seat 12. The first baffle 16 is used to limit the downward movement of the first pulling screw 14. When the first pulling screw 14 moves downward to the lowest point, the first baffle 16 resists the first hinge joint C13, and at the same time, the first arm body A8 is in a horizontal state.

[0057] Preferably, bent first support arms are provided on both sides of the support column 6. First limit sliding rails 2 are provided on both first support arms. First brake blocks 1 are provided on both first limit sliding rails 2. The first unlocking and separating mechanism is used to pull the two first support arms to rotate around the two first hinge joints A7 respectively. The two first support arms drive the two first brake blocks 1 to move, so that the two first brake blocks 1 move away from the elevator track 4, realizing the unlocking of the car 3.

[0058] The protection device is installed on the top surface of the car 3. The left and right sides of the protection device are symmetrical, and various parameters are the same. The two first arm bodies B9 are inclined. The first limit sliding rail 2 is installed on the side close to the elevator track 4. A pulley is installed on the side of the first brake block 1 close to the first arm body B9. The pulley can run in the first limit sliding rail 2 to prevent the first brake block 1 from swaying. Under normal circumstances of the elevator, the first spring 5 is stretched to a fixed length by the gravity of the first brake block 1, and at the same time, the first brake block 1 also maintains a certain distance from the elevator track 4. When the elevator is running at a constant speed, the stretched distance of the first spring 5 remains unchanged. When the elevator is running with uniform acceleration or deceleration, the first spring 5 will be slightly stretched or contracted. When contracting, it will simultaneously pull the first brake block 1 to move upward. The upward movement of the first brake block 1 will gradually reduce the distance between the first brake block 1 and the elevator track 4, but the moving distance is very small and is not enough to make the first brake block 1 contact the elevator track 4, that is, the brake will not be triggered.

[0059] When the steel cable of the car 3 is disconnected or the car 3 makes a free fall due to other reasons, the first brake block 1 will be in a completely weightless state. That is, at this time, the first spring 5 generates an upward pulling force on the first brake block 1. At this time, the first spring 5 will reset under its own elastic force and simultaneously pull the first brake block 1 to move upward. Since the first brake block 1 is constrained by the pulley on the side to run on the first limit sliding rail 2 of the first arm body B9, and the first arm body B9 is inclined to the elevator track 4, the distance between the first brake block 1 and the elevator track 4 will gradually decrease when the first brake block 1 moves upward, and finally it will contact the elevator track 4. A very large frictional force will be generated on the contact surface. This frictional force further pushes the first brake block 1 to move upward. The first brake block 1 is like a "wedge" between the first arm body B9 and the elevator track 4. The higher the first brake block 1 moves upward, the tighter this "wedge" is wedged, and the greater the braking force generated, so as to achieve rapid braking and prevent the elevator from falling.

[0060] How to release the brake after an elevator free fall accident: Manually rotate the first spiral handle 15 counterclockwise to move the first hinge joint C13 upward. The first arm A8 pulls the first arm B9 around the first hinge joint A7 through the first hinge joint B10, causing the first brake block 1 to disengage from the elevator track 4 and completing the brake release. After the brake is released, the first brake block 1 drops to the lowest position. Manually rotate the first spiral handle 15 clockwise to move the first hinge joint C13 downward, bringing the first arm A8 to the horizontal line. At the same time, the limit block limits the first hinge joint C13 to complete the reset operation.

[0061] Since this protection device uses the elevator tracks on both sides as the free fall brakes, it is necessary to reinforce and appropriately widen the elevator track 4 to meet the requirements during elevator braking. In addition, the surface of the first brake block 1 corresponding to the elevator track 4 and the inner wall of the elevator track 4 should both be designed as wavy to increase the braking friction and improve the braking reliability.

[0062] Embodiment 2

[0063] As Figures 2 - 4 shown, this embodiment is an optimization based on Embodiment 1. Specifically, the first brake block 1 is provided with a first release mechanism. When the car 3 is stationary or running at a constant speed, the first release mechanism and the first elastic member keep the first brake block 1 in a balanced state. When the car 3 is in a state of weightlessness, the first release mechanism releases the first brake block 1, and the first elastic member restores its deformation and drives the first brake block 1 to slide upward along the first limit slide rail 2. The outer side of the first brake block 1 gradually approaches and contacts the inner wall of the elevator track 4 to brake the car 3. Among them, Figures 2 - 4 as shown, the pulling force of the first spring 5 is greater. In the released state of the first release mechanism, even when the car is in a balanced state, the first brake block 1 will rise under the pulling force of the first spring 5 to contact the elevator track 4.

[0064] When the car 3 is running normally, the first brake block 1 is kept in a balanced state by the first release mechanism and the first elastic member. In addition, by simultaneously releasing the first brake blocks 1 on both sides through the first release mechanism, the lag problem caused by inconsistent parameters of the first brake blocks 1 on the left and right can be compensated, preventing uneven braking caused by the asynchronous movement of the first brake blocks 1 on both sides.

[0065] Among them, the first release mechanism includes a first hook 17 and a first release rotating shaft 18. The first hook 17 is arranged on the first brake block 1. The first release rotating shaft 18 is rotatably connected to the first support frame. The first release rotating shaft 18 is provided with a first semi-circular hanging part adapted to the first hook 17. The first release rotating shaft 18 is equipped with an elastic pulling component, which is used to drive the first release rotating shaft 18 to rotate when the car 3 is abnormally weightless, so that the first hook 17 and the first release rotating shaft 18 are separated from each other. It should be noted that the pulling force of the first spring 5 in this embodiment is greater than that of the first spring 5 in Embodiment 1. When the first hook 17 is decoupled from the first release rotating shaft 18, the elevator is in a balanced state or a uniform running state, and the first brake block 1 will rise under the action of the first spring 5 to contact the elevator track 4 and be in a braking state. When the elevator is abnormally weightless, the first release mechanism releases the first brake blocks 1 on both sides, playing a role in ensuring that the first brake blocks 1 on the left and right will brake without deviation.

[0066] The elastic pulling component includes an elastic pulling member 19 and a gravity block 20. The elastic pulling member 19 includes a third spring. The gravity block 20 is hung on the first support frame through the elastic pulling member 19. The first release rotating shaft 18 is provided with a first balance rod 21 along its radial direction. When the car 3 is abnormally weightless, the elastic pulling member 19 pulls the gravity block 20 to move upward, and the gravity block 20 applies an external force to the first balance rod 21 to make the first release rotating shaft 18 rotate. The first balance rod 21 is provided with a first upper limit block 22 and a first lower limit block 23. The first upper limit block 22 is provided with a first trigger switch 24, and the first trigger switch 24 is connected to the electrical controller of the elevator.

[0067] A first hook 17 is added to the bottom of each of the two first brake blocks 1. The connection between the first hook 17 and the bottom of the first brake block 1 is hinged and can rotate back and forth, which is designed to be able to unhook. The first hook 17 is hung on the first semi-circular mounting part at the end of the following first release rotating shaft 18. The first semi-circular mounting part is designed as a semi-circle to be able to unhook. When an accident occurs to the elevator and the traction rope breaks, or when the elevator drops due to other reasons, at this time the elevator is in a state of free fall and complete weightlessness. The gravity block 20 is weightless, the third spring resets and pulls the gravity block 20 upward. The gravity block 20 can drive the first balance rod 21 to rise. Due to the radial connection between the first balance rod 21 and the first release rotating shaft 18, the first balance rod 21 will drive the first release rotating shaft 18 to rotate. When the first balance rod 21 reaches the upper limit, the first release rotating shaft 18 rotates half a circle, and the first hook 17 and the first release rotating shaft 18 unhook and separate. At this time, the first brake block 1 is in a weightless state, and the pulling force of the first spring 5 on the first brake block 1 causes the first brake block 1 to move obliquely upward along the first limit slide rail 2, so that the first brake block 1 quickly approaches the inner wall of the elevator track 4 for braking. Since the first brake block 1 is in a weightless state, the acting force of the first brake block 1 on the first spring 5 is zero, and the reset speed of the first spring 5 is very fast, which can achieve instantaneous braking and prevent the elevator from dropping.

[0068] A first trigger switch 24 is provided on the first upper limit block 22. The first trigger switch 24 is connected to the electrical controller of the elevator, which is convenient for controlling the traction motor of the elevator to cut off power and stop running, playing a further protective role. It should be noted that when the elevator starts or stops running, it will be in a state of uniform acceleration or uniform deceleration. The gravity block 20 will only move slightly upward or downward, will not contact the first balance rod 21, and will not generate a braking action.

[0069] When the elevator is in a free fall state due to a broken rope, this protection device is very sensitive and acts very quickly. It only takes a few tenths of a second to brake, and the elevator can be stopped when it drops less than 10 centimeters, playing an absolutely safe role in protecting personal safety. The entire braking process is completed naturally without manual operation, which is very safe and reliable. It can replace the existing protection device, is more reliable than the safety clamp protection device that has been used, and is more concise and absolutely safe and reliable.

[0070] This protection device is a brand-new design scheme. It uses the natural phenomenon of weightlessness when an object drops and achieves the role of protecting personal safety through ingenious design. The device has a simple structure, is safe and reliable in use, is suitable for large-scale worldwide promotion and application, and eliminates elevator falling accidents.

[0071] Embodiment 3

[0072] As Figures 5 - 7As shown in the figure, this embodiment is optimized (by adding functions) on the basis of Embodiment 2. Specifically, the protection device further includes a second support frame and a second brake block 25. The second support frame is connected to the car 3 (connected under the horizontal beam connected to the car 3). The second support frame is located below the first support frame. An inclined second limit slide rail 26 is provided on the second support frame. The second brake block 25 is slidably matched with the second limit slide rail 26, and a second elastic member is provided between the second brake block 25 and the second support frame. The upper end of the second brake block 25 is hung on the end of the second release rotating shaft 40 by a hook and maintains balance under its own gravity and the action of the second elastic member. When the car 3 is abnormally overweight, the second release mechanism releases the second brake block 25, and the second brake block 25 slides downward along the second limit slide rail 26. The outer side of the second brake block 25 gradually approaches and contacts the inner wall of the elevator track 4 to brake the car 3 and prevent the elevator from running upward. The present invention has the braking function when the car 3 is abnormally weightless and abnormally overweight, greatly improving the safety of the elevator.

[0073] The second elastic member includes a second spring 27. The bottom end of the second spring 27 is connected to the second support frame, and the top end of the second spring 27 is connected to the second brake block 25. The second support frame includes a bent second support arm. The second support arm is connected to the support column 6. A second unlocking and separating mechanism is provided at the lower part of the support column 6. The second limit slide rail 26 is inclined and provided on the second support arm. A second hinge joint A29 is provided between the top of the second support arm and the horizontal beam of the car 3. The bottom of the second support arm is connected to the second unlocking and separating mechanism. The second unlocking and separating mechanism is used to pull the second support arm to rotate around the second hinge joint A29 so that the second brake block 25 is away from the elevator track 4.

[0074] The second support arm includes a second arm body A30 and a second arm body B31. The second limit slide rail 26 is inclined along the second arm body B31. One end of the second arm body A30 is connected to the second unlocking and separating mechanism. A second hinge joint B32 is provided between the other end of the second arm body A30 and the second arm body B31. The second hinge joint A29 is provided between the top of the second arm body B31 and the car 3. One end of the second arm body B31 is provided with a second extension plate 33. The bottom end of the second elastic member is connected to the second extension plate 33.

[0075] The second unlocking and separating mechanism includes a second unlocking seat 34 and a second pulling member. The second unlocking seat 34 is arranged on the support column 6. The second pulling member is movably installed on the second unlocking seat 34. There is a second hinge joint C35 between one end of the second pulling member and the second arm body A30. The second pulling member includes a second pulling screw 36. The second pulling screw 36 is threadedly connected to the second unlocking seat 34. The bottom end of the second pulling screw 36 is rotationally matched with the second hinge joint C35. The second pulling screw 36 can move vertically up and down to drive the second support arm to rotate around the second hinge joint A29. A second spiral handle 37 is provided at the top end of the second pulling screw 36. A second baffle 38 is provided at the bottom of the second unlocking seat 34. The second baffle 38 is used to limit the downward movement of the second pulling screw 36.

[0076] On both sides of the support column 6, there are bent second support arms. Second limit sliding rails 26 are provided on both second support arms. Second brake blocks 25 are provided on both second limit sliding rails 26. The second unlocking and separating mechanism is used to pull the two second support arms to rotate around the two second hinge joints A29 respectively, so that the two second brake blocks 25 are away from the inner wall of the elevator track 4. The surface of one side of the second brake block 25 close to the elevator track 4 is wavy.

[0077] The second brake block 25 is equipped with a second release mechanism. When the car 3 is stationary or running at a constant speed, the second release mechanism and the second elastic member keep the second brake block 25 in a balanced state. When the car 3 is abnormally overweight, the second release mechanism releases the second brake block 25. The second elastic member restores deformation and drives the second brake block 25 to slide downward along the second limit sliding rail 26. The outer side of the second brake block 25 gradually approaches and contacts the inner wall of the elevator track 4 to brake the car 3 and prevent the elevator from running upward.

[0078] The second release mechanism includes a second hook 39 and a second release rotating shaft 40. The second hook 39 is arranged on the second brake block 25. The second release rotating shaft 40 is connected to the car 3 by a bearing seat. The second release rotating shaft 40 is provided with a second semi-circular hanging part adapted to the second hook 39. When the car 3 is abnormally overweight, the elastic pulling assembly can drive the second release rotating shaft 40 to rotate, so that the second hook 39 and the second release rotating shaft 40 are separated from each other.

[0079] The second release rotating shaft 40 is provided with a second balance rod 41 along its radial direction. When the car 3 is abnormally overweight, the gravity block 20 moves downward. The gravity block 20 applies an external force to the second balance rod 41 to drive the second release rotating shaft 40 to rotate. The second balance rod 41 is equipped with a second upper limit block 42 and a second lower limit block 43. The second lower limit block 43 is provided with a second trigger switch 44. The second trigger switch 44 is connected to the electrical controller of the elevator.

[0080] When the elevator runs upward abnormally with an accelerated speed, at this time, the gravity block 20 is overweight. The gravity block 20 moves downward and contacts the second balance rod 41, driving the second balance rod 41 to continue moving downward. Due to the radial connection between the second balance rod 41 and the second release rotating shaft 40, the second balance rod 41 will drive the second release rotating shaft 40 to rotate. When the second balance rod 41 reaches the lower limit and the second release rotating shaft 40 rotates half a turn, the second hook 39 and the second release rotating shaft 40 are separated. At this time, the second brake block 25 is in an overweight state, and the second brake block 25 moves obliquely downward along the second limit slide rail 26, so that the second brake block 25 quickly approaches the inner wall of the elevator track 4 for braking, playing a role in protecting the elevator from overshooting and realizing the safety function of protecting people and equipment. A second trigger switch 44 is provided on the second lower limit block 43, and the second trigger switch 44 is connected to the electrical controller of the elevator, which is convenient for disconnecting the power supply of the elevator traction motor and playing a further protective role.

[0081] A falling protection structure is provided at the lower part of the support column 6, and a top-over protection structure is provided at the upper part of the support column 6. This top-over protection structure is exactly the mirror image of the upper falling protection structure. The lower the second brake block 25 is, the greater the degree of extrusion deformation is, and the greater the braking force generated is. The principle of top-over protection is the same as that of falling protection, except that the direction of the braking force is opposite, and it will not be elaborated here.

[0082] In addition, by adjusting the mass of the gravity block 20, the tension of the third spring, and the distances between the gravity block 20 and the first balance rod 21 and the second balance rod 41, it can be achieved that the protection device only operates when the elevator is weightless or overweight reaches any value. For example, the overweight or weightlessness reaches 10%, or 20%, and any required value can be adjusted, that is, stepless adjustment of the operation of the protection device can be realized. This adjustment can prevent the protection device from operating during the overweight or weightlessness stage of uniform acceleration or deceleration before the elevator starts or stops, and can play a role in avoiding misoperation of the protection device.

[0083] Embodiment 4

[0084] As Figures 8 - 10 shown, this embodiment is optimized on the basis of Embodiment 3. Specifically, the gravity block 20 is provided with a weight detection device, the weight detection device is connected with an electrical automatic control device, the first release rotating shaft 18 is provided with a first rotation driving mechanism, and the first rotation driving mechanism is connected with the electrical automatic control device. When the weight detection device detects that the car 3 is in a weightless state, the electrical automatic control device controls the first release rotating shaft 18 to rotate through the first rotation driving mechanism. The second release rotating shaft 40 is provided with a second rotation driving mechanism, and the second rotation driving mechanism is connected with the electrical automatic control device. When the weight detection device detects that the car 3 is in an overweight state, the electrical automatic control device controls the second release rotating shaft 40 to rotate through the second rotation driving mechanism.

[0085] Among them, the electric automatic control device adopts a PLC electric controller, and the weight detection device adopts an electronic scale. The weight detection device is used to detect the weight of the gravity block 20 and transmit it to the PLC electric controller. The first rotation driving mechanism includes a first push rod and a first electromagnetic mechanism. A first relay is connected between the first electromagnetic mechanism and the electric automatic control device. The first push rod can push the first release rotating shaft 18 to rotate through the first balance rod 21. The second rotation driving mechanism includes a second push rod and a second electromagnetic mechanism. A second relay is connected between the second electromagnetic mechanism and the electric automatic control device. The second push rod can push the second release rotating shaft 40 to rotate through the second balance rod 41.

[0086] This device can achieve any value from the weight of the gravity block 20 being less than the equilibrium state (the weight in the elevator's uniform running state or the stationary state) to 0, causing the protection device to act, and the first brake block 1 brakes to prevent the elevator from falling. Conversely, it can achieve any value where the weight of the gravity block 20 is greater than the equilibrium state, causing the overrun protection device to act, and the second brake block 25 brakes to prevent the elevator from running upward.

[0087] I. Principle of the protection action of the falling protection device: Assume that the weight of the gravity block 20 in the equilibrium state is 1 kg. When the elevator starts to run downward, the elevator is slightly weightless, and the weight of the gravity block 20 is less than 1 kg. Assume that the weight of the gravity block 20 is 0.9 kg at this time. This is the weightlessness generated during the normal running of the elevator. At this value, the falling protection device is not set to act, that is, when the PLC electric controller reads this value from the electronic scale, there will be no reaction. When the elevator slides downward, the weight of the elevator will be smaller, that is, the weight of the gravity block 20 will be less than 0.9 kg. Assume that the weight of the gravity block 20 is 0.8 kg at this time. When the PLC electric controller reads this weight value from the electronic scale, the PLC electric controller cuts off the output voltage to the first relay, then the first relay is powered off, the normally open contact of the first relay resets and is in the off state, resulting in the power-off of the first electromagnetic mechanism, the internal spring of the first electromagnetic mechanism resets, the first push rod pops out, pushes the first balance rod 21 upward to the first upper limit block 22, the first balance rod 21 drives the first release rotating shaft 18 to rotate, causing the first brake block 1 to unhook, and the first brake block 1 is pulled upward by the first spring 5 to contact the inner wall of the elevator track 4, brakes to prevent the elevator from sliding or falling, and at the same time cuts off the power supply of the elevator traction motor.

[0088] 2. The working principle of the upper punch protection device: When the elevator is in the starting stage of upward operation, the elevator is slightly overweight, and the weight of the gravity block 20 is greater than 1KG. Assuming that the weight of the gravity block 20 increases to 1.1KG at this time, this is the overweight caused by the normal operation of the elevator. The upper punch protection device is not activated at this value setting, that is, when the PLC electrical controller reads this value of the electronic scale, there will be no reaction. When the elevator accelerates upward abnormally and the speed exceeds the normal starting acceleration of upward operation, the weight of the elevator will be heavier at this time, and the weight of the gravity block 20 is greater than 1.1KG. Assuming that the weight of the gravity block 20 is 1.2KG at this time, when the PLC electrical controller reads this weight value of the electronic scale, the PLC electrical controller cuts off the output voltage to the second relay, and the second relay is de-energized, and the normally open contact of the second relay is reset and is in the disconnected state, causing the second electromagnetic mechanism to be de-energized, and the internal spring of the second electromagnetic mechanism is reset, and the second push rod pops out, and the second push rod pushes the second balance bar 41 to move downward to the second lower limit block 43, and the second balance bar 41 drives the second release shaft 40 to rotate, causing the second brake block 25 to be unhooked, and the second brake block 25 contacts the track, braking to prevent the elevator from slipping upward, and also cutting off the power supply of the elevator traction motor.

[0089] In the description of the present invention, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, may be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood. In addition, the specific features, structures, etc. described in the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment. Under the condition that there is no contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine the features of different embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. According to the basic technical concept of the present invention, the embodiments that can be associated with by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An elevator protection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first support frame and a first brake block (1), wherein the first support frame is connected to the elevator car (3), an inclined first limit slide rail (2) is provided on the first support frame, the first brake block (1) and the first limit slide rail (2) are slidably matched, and a first elastic member is provided between the first brake block (1) and the first support frame, the first brake block (1) maintains balance under its own gravity and the force of the first elastic member, when the car (3) loses weight abnormally, the first elastic member restores its deformation and drives the first brake block (1) to slide upward along the first limit slide rail (2), the outer side of the first brake block (1) gradually approaches and contacts the inner wall of the elevator track (4), so as to brake the car (3).

2. The elevator protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support frame comprises a support column (6), the bottom of the support column (6) is connected to the car (3), the top of the support column (6) is provided with a first unlocking and separating mechanism, the side of the support column (6) is provided with a bent first support arm, the first limiting slide rail (2) is obliquely arranged on the first support arm, a first hinged joint A (7) is provided between the bottom of the first support arm and the car (3), the top of the first support arm is connected to the first unlocking and separating mechanism, and the first unlocking and separating mechanism is used to pull the first support arm to rotate around the first hinged joint A (7) so that the first brake block (1) is away from the elevator track (4).

3. The elevator protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first support arm comprises a first arm body A (8) and a first arm body B (9); the first limiting slide rail (2) is arranged obliquely along the first arm body B (9); one end of the first arm body A (8) is connected to a first unlocking and separating mechanism; a first hinge joint B (10) is arranged between the other end of the first arm body A (8) and the first arm body B (9); the first hinge joint A (7) is arranged between the bottom of the first arm body B (9) and the elevator car (3); a first extension plate (11) is arranged at one end of the first arm body B (9); and the top end of the first elastic member is connected to the first extension plate (11).

4. The elevator protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first unlocking and separating mechanism comprises a first unlocking seat (12) and a first pulling member, wherein the first unlocking seat (12) is arranged at the top of the supporting column (6), and the first pulling member is movably mounted on the first unlocking seat (12), and a first hinge joint C (13) is arranged between one end of the first pulling member and the first arm body A (8); the first pulling member comprises a first pulling screw (14), the first pulling screw (14) is threadedly connected to the first unlocking seat (12), the bottom end of the first pulling screw (14) is rotatably matched with the first hinge joint C (13), and the first pulling screw (14) can be vertically lifted and lowered to drive the first supporting arm to rotate around the first hinge joint A (7); the top end of the first pulling screw (14) is provided with a first screw handle (15); the bottom of the first unlocking seat (12) is provided with a first baffle plate (16), and the first baffle plate (16) is used to limit the downward movement of the first pulling screw (14).

5. The elevator protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support column (6) is provided with a bent first support arm on both sides, and the two first support arms are provided with a first limit slide rail (2), and the two first limit slide rails (2) are provided with a first brake block (1), and the first unlocking and separating mechanism is used to pull the two first support arms to rotate around the two first hinge joints A (7) respectively, so that the two first brake blocks (1) are away from the inner wall of the elevator track (4); the inner wall of the elevator track (4) is wavy; the surface of the first brake block (1) on one side close to the elevator track (4) is wavy; the first elastic member includes a first spring (5), the top end of the first spring (5) is connected to the first support frame, and the bottom end of the first spring (5) is connected to the first brake block (1).

6. The elevator protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first brake block (1) is provided with a first release mechanism. When the car (3) is stationary or running at a constant speed, the first release mechanism and the first elastic member keep the first brake block (1) in a balanced state. When the car (3) loses weight abnormally, the first release mechanism releases the first brake block (1), the first elastic member recovers its deformation and drives the first brake block (1) to slide upward along the first limit slide rail (2), and the outer side of the first brake block (1) gradually approaches and contacts the inner wall of the elevator track (4) to brake the car (3). The first release mechanism comprises a first hook (17) and a first release shaft (18); the first hook (17) is arranged on the first brake block (1); the first release shaft (18) is connected to the car (3) through a bearing seat; the first release shaft (18) is provided with a first semicircular mounting portion adapted to the first hook (17); the first release shaft (18) is provided with an elastic pulling component, and the elastic pulling component is used to drive the first release shaft (18) to rotate when the car (3) loses weight abnormally, thereby separating the first hook (17) and the first release shaft (18) from each other.

7. The elevator protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic pulling assembly comprises an elastic pulling member (19) and a weight block (20), wherein the weight block (20) is suspended on the support column (6) through the elastic pulling member (19), and the first release shaft (18) is provided with a first balance bar (21) along its radial direction, and when the car (3) loses weight abnormally, the elastic pulling member (19) pulls the weight block (20) to move upward, and the weight block (20) applies an external force to the first balance bar (21) to rotate the first release shaft (18); or the weight block (20) is provided with a weight detection device, and the weight detection device is connected to an electric automatic The invention relates to a control device, wherein the first release shaft (18) is provided with a first rotation driving mechanism, and the first rotation driving mechanism is connected to an electric automatic control device. When a weight detection device detects that the car (3) is in an abnormal weightlessness state, the electric automatic control device controls the first release shaft (18) to rotate through the first rotation driving mechanism; the first balance bar (21) is provided with a first upper limit block (22) and a first lower limit block (23), and the first upper limit block (22) is provided with a first trigger switch (24), and the first trigger switch (24) is connected to an electric controller of the elevator.

8. The elevator protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elevator car (3) further comprises a second support frame and a second brake block (25), wherein the second support frame is connected to the elevator car (3), an inclined second limit slide rail (26) is arranged on the second support frame, the second brake block (25) and the second limit slide rail (26) are slidably matched, and a second elastic member is arranged between the second brake block (25) and the second support frame, the second brake block (25) maintains balance under its own weight and the force of the second elastic member, when the elevator car (3) is abnormally overweight, the second brake block (25) slides downward along the second limit slide rail (26) under the action of its own weight and the pulling force of the second elastic member, and the outer side of the second brake block (25) gradually approaches and contacts the inner wall of the elevator track (4) to brake the elevator car (3) and prevent the elevator from running upward; The second elastic member comprises a second spring (27), the bottom end of the second spring (27) is connected to the second support frame, and the top end of the second spring (27) is connected to the second brake block (25); The second support frame comprises a bent second support arm, the second support arm is connected to the support column (6), a second unlocking and separating mechanism is provided at the lower part of the support column (6), the second limiting slide rail (26) is obliquely arranged on the second support arm, a second hinged joint A (29) is provided between the top of the second support arm and the car (3), the second support arm is connected to the second unlocking and separating mechanism, and the second unlocking and separating mechanism is used to pull the second support arm to rotate around the second hinged joint A (29) so as to keep the second brake block (25) away from the elevator track (4); The second supporting arm comprises a second arm body A (30) and a second arm body B (31), the second limiting slide rail (26) is arranged obliquely along the second arm body B (31), one end of the second arm body A (30) is connected to the second unlocking and separating mechanism, a second hinged joint B (32) is arranged between the other end of the second arm body A (30) and the second arm body B (31), and the second hinged joint A (29) is arranged between the top of the second arm body B (31) and the car (3); A second extension plate (33) is provided at one end of the second arm body B (31), and the bottom end of the second elastic member is connected to the second extension plate (33).

9. The elevator protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second unlocking and separating mechanism comprises a second unlocking seat (34) and a second pulling member, wherein the second unlocking seat (34) is arranged on the supporting column (6), the second pulling member is movably mounted on the second unlocking seat (34), and a second hinge joint C (35) is arranged between one end of the second pulling member and the second arm body A (30); The second pulling member comprises a second pulling screw (36), the second pulling screw (36) is threadedly connected to the second unlocking seat (34), the bottom end of the second pulling screw (36) is rotatably matched with the second hinge joint C (35), and the second pulling screw (36) can be vertically lifted and lowered to drive the second support arm to rotate around the second hinge joint A (29); the top end of the second pulling screw (36) is provided with a second screw handle (37); A second baffle (38) is provided at the bottom of the second unlocking seat (34), and the second baffle (38) is used to limit the second pulling screw (36) from moving downward; The support column (6) is provided with a bent second support arm on both sides, the two second support arms are provided with a second limit slide rail (26), the two second limit slide rails (26) are provided with a second brake block (25), and the second unlocking and separating mechanism is used to pull the two second support arms to rotate around the two second hinge joints A (29) respectively, so that the two second brake blocks (25) are away from the inner wall of the elevator track (4); The surface of the second brake block (25) on one side close to the elevator track (4) is wavy.

10. The elevator protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second brake block (25) is provided with a second release mechanism. When the car (3) is stationary or running at a constant speed, the second release mechanism and the second elastic member keep the second brake block (25) in a balanced state. When the car (3) is abnormally overweight, the second release mechanism releases the second brake block (25), the second elastic member recovers its deformation and drives the second brake block (25) to slide downward along the second limit slide rail (26), and the outer side of the second brake block (25) gradually approaches and contacts the inner wall of the elevator track (4), so as to brake the car (3) and prevent the elevator from running upward. The second release mechanism comprises a second hook (39) and a second release shaft (40), wherein the second hook (39) is arranged on the second brake block (25), the second release shaft (40) is connected to the car (3) via a bearing seat, and the second release shaft (40) is provided with a second semicircular mounting portion adapted to the second hook (39), and when the car (3) is abnormally overweight, the elastic pulling component can drive the second release shaft (40) to rotate, thereby separating the second hook (39) and the second release shaft (40) from each other; The second release shaft (40) is provided with a second balance bar (41) along its radial direction. When the car (3) is overweight, the weight block (20) moves downward, and the weight block (20) applies an external force to the second balance bar (41) to rotate the second release shaft (40); or the second release shaft (40) is provided with a second rotation driving mechanism, and the second rotation driving mechanism is connected to an electric automatic control device. When the weight detection device detects that the car (3) is in an abnormally overweight state, the electric automatic control device controls the second release shaft (40) to rotate through the second rotation driving mechanism; The second balance bar (41) is provided with a second upper limit block (42) and a second lower limit block (43); the second lower limit block (43) is provided with a second trigger switch (44); and the second trigger switch (44) is connected to the electrical controller of the elevator.

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