Large-span bolt-sphere net rack based on BIM and installation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM-based large-span bolt-sphere net rack and an installation method, and relates to the technical field of building steel structures, in particular to a BIM-based large-span bolt-sphere net rack which comprises a plurality of net rack main beams, outer side connecting pieces and inner side connecting pieces, the net rack main beams are arranged in parallel, second bolt spheres are fixed to the branch ends of first connecting frames, and second bolt spheres are fixed to the branch ends of second connecting frames; first connecting rods are fixed to the second bolt balls at the head end and the tail end of the first connecting frame, second connecting rods are arranged on the second bolt balls on the two sides of the first connecting frame, the outer side connecting piece is installed on the outer side of the net rack main beam, and the inner side connecting piece is installed on the inner side of the net rack main beam; according to the invention, the plurality of net rack main beams are arranged in parallel, and every two adjacent net rack main beams are connected through the corresponding outer side connecting piece and the corresponding inner side connecting piece in a matched manner, so that the splicing and assembling stability of the bolt-sphere net rack is improved, modular splicing of the bolt-sphere net rack is facilitated, and the splicing efficiency of the bolt-sphere net rack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building steel structures, and particularly to a large-span bolted spherical grid based on BIM and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the demand for the construction of large-span buildings such as high-speed railway stations, museums, and stadiums has increased. The grid structure, which can achieve a large span, is light in weight, and has good safety and economy, has begun to be popularized and used. At present, there are mainly two forms of grid installation in the industry: erecting an operation platform with scaffolding and then assembling the grid on the platform; assembling the grid units on the ground and then hoisting them to high altitude for assembly.

[0003] However, when the traditional bolted spherical grid is in use, it is difficult to carry out modular assembly, so a large number of supports need to be erected for assembly during the assembly of the bolted spherical grid, resulting in a large amount of time-consuming for the installation of the bolted spherical grid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A large-span bolted spherical grid based on BIM, comprising:

[0006] Grid main beams, a plurality of the grid main beams are arranged in parallel, each of the grid main beams comprises a plurality of first connecting frames connected end to end, each of the first connecting frames is provided with four branch ends, and a second bolt ball is fixed to each branch end of the first connecting frame. A first connecting rod is fixed to the second bolt balls at the head and tail ends of the first connecting frame, and a second connecting rod is provided for the second bolt balls on both sides of the first connecting frame;

[0007] Outer connectors, the outer connectors are installed on the outer sides of the grid main beams, and each of the outer connectors is composed of a second connecting frame and a third connecting rod. The four branch ends of the second connecting frame are respectively connected to the second bolt balls on the outer sides of two adjacent grid main beams, and the two ends of the third connecting rod are respectively connected to the second bolt balls on the outer sides of two adjacent grid main beams;

[0008] Inner connectors, the inner connectors are installed on the inner sides of the grid main beams, and each of the inner connectors is composed of a third connecting frame and a fourth connecting rod. The four branch ends of the third connecting frame are respectively connected to the second bolt balls on the outer sides of two adjacent grid main beams, and the two ends of the fourth connecting rod are respectively connected to the second bolt balls on the outer sides of two adjacent grid main beams.

[0009] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the first connecting frame comprises a first bolt ball and four fifth connecting rods fixed on the surface of the first bolt ball, and the second bolt ball is fixed to the free end of the fifth connecting rod.

[0010] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the structures of the first crank, the second crank, and the third crank are the same, and the structures of the fifth connecting rod, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod, and the fourth connecting rod are the same.

[0011] As an improvement of the above technical solution, bolt holes are provided on the outer surfaces of the first bolt ball and the second bolt ball. A first lateral pressure sensor is fixed in the bolt hole. The fifth connecting rod includes two symmetrically arranged connecting rods, and a telescopic member is arranged between the two connecting rods. A threaded joint is integrally formed at the end of the connecting rod. A tightening bolt is arranged at the connection between the connecting rod and the threaded joint. A first limiting hole is provided at the end of the threaded joint. The threaded joint is screwed inside the bolt hole, and the first lateral pressure sensor is installed in the first limiting hole.

[0012] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the telescopic member includes an external hexagonal column. Screws are integrally formed at both ends of the external hexagonal column. A threaded hole is provided at one end of the connecting rod away from the tightening bolt, and the screw is screwed into the threaded hole provided at one end of the connecting rod. A second lateral pressure sensor is fixed at the end of the screw. A second limiting hole is provided at the end of the connecting rod where the threaded hole is located, and the second lateral pressure sensor is installed in the second limiting hole. Outer sleeves are also welded to both ends of the external hexagonal column, and the outer sleeves are sleeved outside the connecting rod.

[0013] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the main grid beam is an arc-shaped grid structure.

[0014] Another technical solution is provided: an installation method for a long-span bolt ball grid based on BIM, including the following steps:

[0015] Step 1, use BIM software to create a detailed design model;

[0016] Step 2, simulate the installation process of the bolt ball grid in the design model;

[0017] Step 3, generate construction drawings and detailed installation instructions according to the design model;

[0018] Step 4, use the BIM coordination model to ensure the integration of the bolt ball grid with other systems;

[0019] Step 5, use BIM software for virtual construction simulation, identify potential conflicts or problems, and solve them in advance;

[0020] Step 6, install the bolt ball grid according to the BIM model and construction drawings, ensuring consistency with the design and compliance with safety standards;

[0021] Step 7, continuously update the BIM model during the construction process, record the construction progress and changes, so as to adjust and optimize the construction plan in a timely manner.

[0022] As an improvement to the above technical solution, in Step 1, the BIM software creates a detailed design model including the following steps:

[0023] S1, Create the basic structure: Use the BIM software to create the basic geometry of the spherical grid structure, including the support structure, spherical nodes, and crossbeams;

[0024] S2, Define materials and properties: Define materials and properties for each component of the spherical grid structure, including strength, density, and other physical properties for structural analysis and simulation;

[0025] S3, Add connectors: Add bolts and connectors at the nodes of the spherical grid structure and define their specifications, quantities, and positions to ensure firm and safe connections;

[0026] S4, Consider the construction sequence: Simulate the installation sequence and process of the spherical grid structure in the design model, taking into account factors such as construction feasibility, safety requirements, and material utilization rate;

[0027] S5, Coordinate with other systems: Coordinate with the design models of the structural, mechanical, and electrical engineering departments to ensure the integration and interaction of the spherical grid structure with other systems;

[0028] S6, Simulation: Use the BIM software for virtual construction simulation, identify potential conflicts or problems, and optimize the design to improve construction efficiency and quality;

[0029] S7, Generate construction drawings and documents: Generate construction drawings and detailed installation instructions based on the design model, including the specifications, positions, and installation sequence of bolts and connectors, as well as other construction-related information.

[0030] As an improvement to the above technical solution, in Step 2, the installation process of the bolted spherical grid structure includes:

[0031] A1, Assemble the main beam of the grid: Connect several first connecting frames end to end through the second bolt balls, and at the same time, connect the second bolt balls at the four branch ends of the first connecting frame through the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod;

[0032] A2, Install several main beams of the grid in the appropriate positions, then install the outer connectors on the outer sides of the main beams of the grid and install the inner connectors on the inner sides of the main beams of the grid;

[0033] A3, Connect the four corners of the second connecting frame to the four second bolt balls of the two adjacent main beams of the grid, and connect the two ends of the third connecting rod to the two second bolt balls;

[0034] A4, Connect the four corners of the third connecting frame to the four second bolt balls of the two adjacent main beams of the grid, and connect the two ends of the fourth connecting rod to the two second bolt balls;

[0035] A5. First, connect one end of the fifth connecting rod to the first bolt ball, and then connect the other end of the fifth connecting rod to the second bolt ball. When connecting the fifth connecting rod, the threaded joint integrally formed at the end of the connecting rod is screwed into the interior of the first lateral pressure sensor. At the same time, the first lateral pressure sensor is inserted into the first limiting hole. Then, rotate the external hexagonal column so that the screw rod moves in the screw hole opened at the other end of the connecting rod, and the second lateral pressure sensor moves in the second limiting hole, so as to connect the other end of the fifth connecting rod to the second bolt ball.

[0036] Advantages of the present invention:

[0037] 1. Through a number of parallel grid main beams, and the adjacent two grid main beams are connected by the cooperation of the outer connecting piece and the inner connecting piece, thereby improving the stability of the bolt ball grid during splicing and assembly. The grid main beam is composed of the first connecting frame, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the second bolt ball. The second bolt ball is installed at the four branch ends of the first connecting frame. The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are used for secondary connection of the second bolt balls at the four branch ends of the first connecting frame, thereby improving the stability of the grid main beam after splicing and assembly, and further improving the strength of the bolt ball grid after assembly. The outer connecting piece is composed of the second connecting frame and the third connecting rod, and the inner connecting piece is composed of the third connecting frame and the fourth connecting rod. The second connecting frame and the third connecting rod cooperate to connect the second bolt balls on the outer side of the grid main beam, and the third connecting frame and the fourth connecting rod cooperate to connect the second bolt balls on the inner side of the grid main beam, thereby improving the stability of the bolt ball grid after assembly, facilitating the modular assembly of the bolt ball grid, and improving the assembly efficiency of the bolt ball grid.

[0038] 2. Through the first connecting frame composed of the first bolt ball and the fifth connecting rod, one end of the four fifth connecting rods is fixed to the first bolt ball, and the other end of the fifth connecting rod is fixed to the second bolt ball, which is convenient for the assembly of the first connecting frame. The first connecting frame, the second connecting frame and the third connecting frame have the same structure, and the fifth connecting rod, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod have the same structure, which is conducive to the assembly of the parts of the bolt ball grid, thereby improving the convenience of the assembly and splicing of the bolt ball grid.

[0039] 3. Through the fifth connecting rod composed of the connecting rod, the tightening bolt, the threaded joint and the telescopic member, through the bolt holes opened on the outer surfaces of the first bolt ball and the second bolt ball, and the first lateral pressure sensor installed on the inner surface of the bolt hole, when the threaded joint is screwed into the interior of the bolt hole, the first lateral pressure sensor is inserted into the first limiting hole opened at the end of the threaded joint, which is convenient for the lateral pressure when the threaded joint connects the fifth connecting rod and the first bolt ball and the fifth connecting rod and the second bolt ball, thereby avoiding the situation that the connection between the fifth connecting rod and the first bolt ball and the connection between the fifth connecting rod and the second bolt ball are not stressed. The telescopic member is convenient for connecting the length of the fifth connecting rod.

[0040] 4. The telescopic member consists of an external hexagonal column, a screw rod, a second lateral pressure sensor, and an outer sleeve. The screw rod integrally formed at both ends of the external hexagonal column is screwed into the threaded hole opened at the end of the connecting rod. The second lateral pressure sensor fixed at the end of the screw rod is installed in the second limiting hole opened at the end of the connecting rod, which facilitates the detection of the lateral pressure received by the fifth connecting rod by the second lateral pressure sensor. At the same time, the outer sleeve welded to the surface of the external hexagonal column is sleeved outside the connecting rod, thereby improving the compressive strength of the fifth connecting rod. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged structure diagram at position A in

[0043] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the grid main beam in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 is a structure diagram of the first connecting bracket in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 is Figure 4 an enlarged structure diagram at position B in

[0046] Reference numerals: 1, grid main beam; 11, first connecting bracket; 12, first connecting rod; 13, second connecting rod; 14, second bolt ball; 2, outer connecting member; 21, second connecting bracket; 22, third connecting rod; 3, inner connecting member; 31, third connecting bracket; 32, fourth connecting rod; 4, first bolt ball; 41, bolt hole; 42, first lateral pressure sensor; 5, fifth connecting rod; 51, connecting rod; 52, tightening bolt; 53, threaded joint; 54, first limiting hole; 55, second limiting hole; 56, external hexagonal column; 57, screw rod; 58, second lateral pressure sensor; 59, outer sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0047] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a long-span bolt ball grid based on BIM, including:

[0049] The main grid beam 1, several main grid beams 1 are arranged in parallel. The main grid beam 1 includes several first connecting frames 11 connected end to end. The first connecting frame 11 is provided with four branch ends, and a second bolt ball 14 is fixed to each branch end of the first connecting frame 11. A first connecting rod 12 is fixed to the second bolt balls 14 at the head and tail ends of the first connecting frame 11. Second connecting rods 13 are provided for the second bolt balls 14 on both sides of the first connecting frame 11;

[0050] The outer connecting member 2, the outer connecting member 2 is installed on the outer side of the main grid beam 1, and the outer connecting member 2 is composed of a second connecting frame 21 and a third connecting rod 22. The four branch ends of the second connecting frame 21 are respectively connected to the second bolt balls 14 on the outer sides of two adjacent main grid beams 1. The two ends of the third connecting rod 22 are respectively connected to the second bolt balls 14 on the outer sides of two adjacent main grid beams 1;

[0051] The inner connecting member 3, the inner connecting member 3 is installed on the inner side of the main grid beam 1, and the inner connecting member 3 is composed of a third connecting frame 31 and a fourth connecting rod 32. The four branch ends of the third connecting frame 31 are respectively connected to the second bolt balls 14 on the outer sides of two adjacent main grid beams 1. The two ends of the fourth connecting rod 32 are respectively connected to the second bolt balls 14 on the outer sides of two adjacent main grid beams 1.

[0052] In this implementation scheme, through several main grid beams 1 arranged in parallel, and the cooperation connection between two adjacent main grid beams 1 is achieved through the outer connecting member 2 and the inner connecting member 3, thereby improving the stability of the bolt ball grid during splicing and assembly. The main grid beam 1 is composed of the first connecting frame 11, the first connecting rod 12, the second connecting rod 13 and the second bolt ball 14. The second bolt ball 14 is installed at the four branch ends of the first connecting frame 11. The first connecting rod 12 and the second connecting rod 13 are used for secondary connection of the second bolt balls 14 at the four branch ends of the first connecting frame 11, thereby improving the stability of the main grid beam 1 after splicing and assembly, and further improving the strength of the bolt ball grid after assembly. The outer connecting member 2 is composed of the second connecting frame 21 and the third connecting rod 22. The inner connecting member 3 is composed of the third connecting frame 31 and the fourth connecting rod 32. The second connecting frame 21 and the third connecting rod 22 cooperate to connect the second bolt balls 14 on the outer side of the main grid beam 1. The third connecting frame 31 and the fourth connecting rod 32 cooperate to connect the second bolt balls 14 on the inner side of the main grid beam 1, thereby improving the stability of the bolt ball grid after assembly, facilitating the modular assembly of the bolt ball grid, and improving the assembly efficiency of the bolt ball grid.

[0053] Specifically, the first connecting frame 11 includes a first bolt ball 4, and four fifth connecting rods 5 fixed on the surface of the first bolt ball 4. The second bolt ball 14 is fixed at the free end of the fifth connecting rod 5. The structures of the first connecting frame 11, the second connecting frame 21 and the third connecting frame 31 are the same. The structures of the fifth connecting rod 5, the first connecting rod 12, the second connecting rod 13, the third connecting rod 22 and the fourth connecting rod 32 are the same.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first connecting rod 11 composed of the first bolt ball 4 and the fifth connecting rod 5 is adopted. One end of each of the four fifth connecting rods 5 is fixed to the first bolt ball 4, and the other end of the fifth connecting rod 5 is fixed to the second bolt ball 14, which facilitates the assembly of the first connecting rod 11. The structures of the first connecting rod 11, the second connecting rod 21 and the third connecting rod 31 are the same, and the structures of the fifth connecting rod 5, the first connecting rod 12, the second connecting rod 13, the third connecting rod 22 and the fourth connecting rod 32 are the same, which is conducive to the assembly of the bolt ball grid parts, thus improving the convenience of the assembly and splicing of the bolt ball grid.

[0055] Specifically, bolt holes 41 are formed on the outer surfaces of the first bolt ball 4 and the second bolt ball 14, and a first lateral pressure sensor 42 is fixed in the bolt hole 41. The fifth connecting rod 5 includes two symmetrically arranged connecting rods 51, and a telescopic member is arranged between the two connecting rods 51. A threaded joint 53 is integrally formed at the end of the connecting rod 51, and a tightening bolt 52 is arranged at the connection between the connecting rod 51 and the threaded joint 53. A first limiting hole 54 is formed at the end of the threaded joint 53, and the threaded joint 53 is screwed into the inside of the bolt hole 41, and the first lateral pressure sensor 42 is installed in the first limiting hole 54.

[0056] In this embodiment, through the fifth connecting rod 5 composed of the connecting rod 51, the tightening bolt 52, the threaded joint 53 and the telescopic member, through the bolt holes 41 formed on the outer surfaces of the first bolt ball 4 and the second bolt ball 14, and the first lateral pressure sensor 42 installed on the inner surface of the bolt hole 41, when the threaded joint 53 is screwed into the inside of the bolt hole 41, the first lateral pressure sensor 42 is inserted into the first limiting hole 54 formed at the end of the threaded joint 53, which facilitates the lateral pressure when the fifth connecting rod 5 is connected to the first bolt ball 4 and the fifth connecting rod 5 is connected to the second bolt ball 14, thus avoiding the situation that the connection between the fifth connecting rod 5 and the first bolt ball 4 and the connection between the fifth connecting rod 5 and the second bolt ball 14 are not stressed. The telescopic member facilitates the length connection of the fifth connecting rod 5.

[0057] Specifically, the telescopic member includes an external hexagonal column 56. Screws 57 are integrally formed at both ends of the external hexagonal column 56. A threaded hole is formed at one end of the connecting rod 51 away from the tightening bolt 52, and the screw 57 is screwed into the threaded hole formed at one end of the connecting rod 51. A second lateral pressure sensor 58 is fixed at the end of the screw 57. A second limiting hole 55 is formed at the end of the connecting rod 51 where the threaded hole is located, and the second lateral pressure sensor 58 is installed in the second limiting hole 55. Outer sleeves 59 are also welded at both ends of the external hexagonal column 56, and the outer sleeves 59 are sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod 51. The main grid beam 1 is an arc-shaped grid structure.

[0058] In this embodiment, a telescopic member composed of an external hexagonal column 56, a screw rod 57, a second lateral pressure sensor 58, and an outer sleeve 59 is provided. The screw rod 57 integrally formed at both ends of the external hexagonal column 56 is screwed into a threaded hole opened at the end of the connecting rod 51, and the second lateral pressure sensor 58 fixed to the end of the screw rod 57 is installed in a second limiting hole 55 opened at the end of the connecting rod 51, thereby facilitating the detection of the lateral pressure received by the fifth connecting rod 5 by the second lateral pressure sensor 58. At the same time, the outer sleeve 59 welded to the surface of the external hexagonal column 56 is sleeved outside the connecting rod 51, thereby improving the compressive strength of the fifth connecting rod 5.

[0059] The installation method of a large-span bolted spherical grid based on BIM includes the following steps:

[0060] Step 1, use BIM software to create a detailed design model;

[0061] Step 2, simulate the installation process of the bolted spherical grid in the design model;

[0062] Step 3, generate construction drawings and detailed installation instructions according to the design model;

[0063] Step 4, use the BIM coordination model to ensure the integration of the bolted spherical grid with other systems;

[0064] Step 5, use BIM software to perform virtual construction simulation, identify potential conflicts or problems, and solve them in advance;

[0065] Step 6, install the bolted spherical grid according to the BIM model and construction drawings, ensuring consistency with the design and compliance with safety standards;

[0066] Step 7, continuously update the BIM model during the construction process, record the construction progress and changes, so as to adjust and optimize the construction plan in a timely manner.

[0067] Specifically, in Step 1, the creation of a detailed design model by BIM software includes the following steps:

[0068] S1, create the basic structure: use BIM software to create the basic geometric shape of the spherical grid, including the support structure, spherical nodes, and crossbeams;

[0069] S2, define materials and properties: define materials and properties for each component of the spherical grid, including strength, density, and other physical characteristics, for structural analysis and simulation;

[0070] S3, add connectors: add bolts and connectors at the nodes of the spherical grid, and define their specifications, quantities, and positions to ensure stable and safe connections;

[0071] S4. Consider the construction sequence: Simulate the installation sequence and process of the spherical grid in the design model, taking into account factors such as construction feasibility, safety requirements, and material utilization rate;

[0072] S5. Coordinate with other systems: Coordinate with the design models of the structural and mechanical and electrical related engineering departments to ensure the integration and interaction of the spherical grid with other systems;

[0073] S6. Simulation: Use BIM software for virtual construction simulation, identify potential conflicts or problems, and optimize the design to improve construction efficiency and quality;

[0074] S7. Generate construction drawings and documents: Generate construction drawings and detailed installation instructions based on the design model, including the specifications, positions, and installation sequences of bolts and connectors, as well as other construction related information.

[0075] Specifically, in step two, the installation process of the bolted spherical grid includes:

[0076] A1. Assemble the main beam 1 of the grid, connect a number of first connecting frames 11 end to end through the second bolt balls 14. At the same time, the second bolt balls 14 at the four branch ends of the first connecting frame 11 are connected through the first connecting rod 12 and the second connecting rod 13;

[0077] A2. Install a number of main beams 1 of the grid in appropriate positions, then install the outer connectors 2 on the outside of the main beam 1 of the grid, and install the inner connectors 3 on the inside of the main beam 1 of the grid;

[0078] A3. Connect the four corners of the second connecting frame 21 to the four second bolt balls 14 of two adjacent main beams 1 of the grid, and connect the two ends of the third connecting rod 22 to the two second bolt balls 14;

[0079] A4. Connect the four corners of the third connecting frame 31 to the four second bolt balls 14 of two adjacent main beams 1 of the grid, and connect the two ends of the fourth connecting rod 32 to the two second bolt balls 14;

[0080] A5. First, connect one end of the fifth connecting rod 5 to the first bolt ball 4, and then connect the other end of the fifth connecting rod 5 to the second bolt ball 14. When the fifth connecting rod 5 is connected, the threaded joint 53 integrally formed at the end of the connecting rod 51 is screwed into the inside of the first lateral pressure sensor 42. At the same time, the first lateral pressure sensor 42 is inserted into the first limiting hole 54, and then rotate the external hexagonal column 56 so that the screw rod 57 moves in the threaded hole opened at the other end of the connecting rod 51, while the second lateral pressure sensor 58 moves in the second limiting hole 55 to connect the other end of the fifth connecting rod 5 to the second bolt ball 14.

[0081] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it.

Claims

1. The large-span bolted ball grid based on BIM is characterized by: include: A grid main beam (1), wherein a plurality of the grid main beams (1) are arranged in parallel, the grid main beam (1) comprising a plurality of first connecting frames (11) connected end to end, the first connecting frame (11) being provided with four branch ends, and each branch end of the first connecting frame (11) being fixed with a second bolt ball (14), the second bolt balls (14) at the head end and the tail end of the first connecting frame (11) being fixed with a first connecting rod (12), and the second bolt balls (14) at both sides of the first connecting frame (11) being provided with a second connecting rod (13); An outer connecting member (2), the outer connecting member (2) being installed on the outer side of the grid main beam (1), and the outer connecting member (2) being composed of a second connecting frame (21) and a third connecting rod (22), the four branch ends of the second connecting frame (21) being respectively connected to the second bolt balls (14) on the outer sides of two adjacent grid main beams (1), and the two ends of the third connecting rod (22) being respectively connected to the second bolt balls (14) on the outer sides of two adjacent grid main beams (1); An inner connecting member (3), the inner connecting member (3) is installed on the inner side of the grid main beam (1), and the inner connecting member (3) is composed of a third connecting frame (31) and a fourth connecting rod (32), the four branch ends of the third connecting frame (31) are respectively connected to the second bolt balls (14) on the outer sides of two adjacent grid main beams (1), and the two ends of the fourth connecting rod (32) are respectively connected to the second bolt balls (14) on the outer sides of two adjacent grid main beams (1).

2. The large-span bolt-ball grid based on BIM according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first connecting frame (11) comprises a first bolt ball (4) and four fifth connecting rods (5) fixed on the surface of the first bolt ball (4), and the second bolt ball (14) is fixed on the free end of the fifth connecting rod (5).

3. The large-span bolt-ball grid based on BIM according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first connecting frame (11), the second connecting frame (21) and the third connecting frame (31) have the same structure, and the fifth connecting rod (5), the first connecting rod (12), the second connecting rod (13), the third connecting rod (22) and the fourth connecting rod (32) have the same structure.

4. The large-span bolt-ball grid based on BIM according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the first bolt ball (4) and the second bolt ball (14) are both provided with bolt holes (41), and a first lateral pressure sensor (42) is fixed in the bolt hole (41). The fifth connecting rod (5) includes two symmetrically arranged connecting rods (51), and a telescopic member is arranged between the two connecting rods (51). The ends of the connecting rods (51) are integrally formed with threaded joints (53), and a tightening bolt (52) is arranged at the connection between the connecting rod (51) and the threaded joint (53). A first limiting hole (54) is provided at the end of the threaded joint (53), and the threaded joint (53) is screwed into the inside of the bolt hole (41). The first lateral pressure sensor (42) is installed in the first limiting hole (54).

5. The BIM-based large-span bolt-ball grid according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The telescopic member comprises an outer hexagonal column (56), and screw rods (57) are integrally formed at both ends of the outer hexagonal column (56). A screw hole is provided at one end of the connecting rod (51) away from the tightening bolt (52), and the screw rod (57) is screwed into the screw hole provided at one end of the connecting rod (51). A second lateral pressure sensor (58) is fixed to the end of the screw rod (57). A second limiting hole (55) is provided at the end of the connecting rod (51) located at the screw hole, and the second lateral pressure sensor (58) is installed in the second limiting hole (55). An outer sleeve (59) is also welded at both ends of the outer hexagonal column (56), and the outer sleeve (59) is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod (51).

6. The large-span bolt-ball grid based on BIM according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grid main beam (1) is an arc-shaped grid structure.

7. The installation method of a large-span bolt-ball grid based on BIM according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use BIM software to create a detailed design model; Step 2, simulating the installation process of the bolt ball grid in the design model; Step 3: Generate construction drawings and detailed installation instructions based on the design model; Step 4: Use the BIM coordination model to ensure the integration of the bolt ball grid with other systems; Step 5: Use BIM software to conduct virtual construction simulation to identify potential conflicts or problems and resolve them in advance; Step 6: Install the bolt ball grid according to the BIM model and construction drawings to ensure that it is consistent with the design and meets safety standards; Step seven: Continuously update the BIM model during the construction process and record construction progress and changes so as to adjust and optimize the construction plan in a timely manner.

8. The installation method of a large-span bolt-ball grid based on BIM according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step one, BIM software creates a detailed design model including the following steps: S1, create basic structure: use BIM software to create the basic geometry of the ball grid, including supporting structure, spherical nodes and beams; S2, Define Materials and Properties: Define materials and properties for each component of the net, including strength, density, and other physical properties, for structural analysis and simulation; S3, add connectors: add bolts and connectors at the nodes of the ball grid, and define their specifications, quantity and position to ensure that the connection is stable and safe; S4, consider the construction sequence: simulate the installation sequence and process of the ball grid in the design model, taking into account the factors of construction feasibility, safety requirements and material utilization; S5, coordination with other systems: Coordinate with the design models of the structural, electromechanical and related engineering departments to ensure the integration and interaction of the ball grid with other systems; S6, Simulation: Use BIM software to conduct virtual construction simulation, identify potential conflicts or problems, and optimize the design to improve construction efficiency and quality; S7, Generate construction drawings and documents: Generate construction drawings and detailed installation instructions based on the design model, including the specifications, location and installation sequence of bolts and connectors, and other construction-related information.

9. The installation method of a large-span bolt-ball grid based on BIM according to claim 8 is characterized in that: In step two, the installation process of the bolt ball grid includes: A1, assembling the grid main beam (1), connecting a plurality of first connecting frames (11) end to end through the second bolt balls (14), and connecting the second bolt balls (14) at the four branch ends of the first connecting frame (11) through the first connecting rod (12) and the second connecting rod (13); A2, installing a plurality of grid main beams (1) at appropriate positions, then installing the outer connecting members (2) on the outer sides of the grid main beams (1), and installing the inner connecting members (3) on the inner sides of the grid main beams (1); A3, the four corners of the second connecting frame (21) are connected to the four second bolt balls (14) of two adjacent grid main beams (1), and the two ends of the third connecting rod (22) are connected to the two second bolt balls (14); A4, the four corners of the third connecting frame (31) are connected to the four second bolt balls (14) of two adjacent grid main beams (1), and the two ends of the fourth connecting rod (32) are connected to the two second bolt balls (14); A5, first connect one end of the fifth connecting rod (5) to the first bolt ball (4), and then connect the other end of the fifth connecting rod (5) to the second bolt ball (14). When the fifth connecting rod (5) is connected, the threaded joint (53) integrally formed at the end of the connecting rod (51) is screwed into the interior of the first lateral pressure sensor (42), and at the same time, the first lateral pressure sensor (42) is inserted into the first limiting hole (54), and then the external hexagonal column (56) is rotated to move the screw hole opened in the other end of the connecting rod (51) through the screw rod (57), and the second lateral pressure sensor (58) moves in the second limiting hole (55), so that the other end of the fifth connecting rod (5) is connected to the second bolt ball (14).

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