Shield tunnel structure deformation fine adjustment control method and system based on bag grouting

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of shield tunnel construction period construction and operation period maintenance, in particular to a shield tunnel structure deformation fine adjustment control method and system based on bag grouting, and the method comprises the steps that tunnel offset deformation data of a tunnel to be constructed are determined; determining a target grouting hole of the shield segment by using the tunnel offset deformation data; and bag grouting filling is conducted on the target grouting hole till the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data is achieved. According to the method, the bag grouting technology is utilized, the bag continuously compacts the surrounding rock of the tunnel and provides a certain counter-acting force for the shield segment, so that the stress and deformation of a soil body and the deformation of an adjacent tunnel structure are actively controlled in real time, the deformation of the shield tunnel structure is adjusted, and the tunnel structure is reinforced; the tunnel deformation control method has the advantages of being simple, rapid, economical and applicable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of construction during the construction period and maintenance during the operation period of shield tunneling, and particularly relates to a method and system for fine-tuning and controlling the deformation of a shield tunneling structure based on bladder grouting. Background Art

[0002] Operating subway lines will drive the development of commerce along the subway. There are more and more urban underground space development and urban renewal projects. A large number of adjacent projects have emerged around operating subways, such as large-area soil surcharge above the tunnel, excavation and unloading of the overlying soil, excavation and unloading of adjacent subway foundation pits, etc. Therefore, a large number of external operation projects adjacent to or crossing the subway have a certain impact on the operating subway. For this reason, national and local technical standards and specifications for subway protection management have been introduced. Taking the "Technical Specification for the Safety Protection of Urban Rail Transit Structures" (CJJ / T 202-2013) as an example, it is stipulated in Appendix B.0.2 of this specification that the warning values for the horizontal, vertical displacement, and radial convergence of the tunnel are 10 mm, and the control values are 20 mm.

[0003] Most subway tunnels in China adopt shield tunneling. Shield tunnels are assembled by segment blocks of shield tunnel linings and bolt connections in a staggered joint or continuous joint manner. The multi-joint feature makes the formed tunnel a "flexible structure" with a certain stiffness. During the long-term service underground, due to the combined effects of construction quality defects, changes in surrounding loads, deterioration of the external environment, and inadequate maintenance, the health status will inevitably degenerate, and the tunnel structure safety problems caused thereby have become increasingly prominent. In particular, the loading and unloading operations above the tunnel destroy the original soil balance, inevitably causing stress concentration or stress release in the unexcavated soil, which will lead to stress redistribution of the surrounding rock and soil masses and the tunnel structure. The soil will produce horizontal or vertical displacements to a certain extent, and the surrounding buildings and the underlying tunnel will generate additional stresses and deformations due to the destruction of the original stress balance state, which will inevitably cause compression or rebound of the surrounding rock and soil layers of the tunnel, thereby causing deformation of the underlying tunnel. And shield tunnels are relatively sensitive to the surrounding environment. In severe cases, it will cause damage such as water leakage, segment misalignment, and bolt fracture in the tunnel structure, and even affect the safety of subway operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem that the loading and unloading operations above the tunnel are likely to damage the tunnel structure and affect subway safety, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for fine-tuning and controlling the deformation of a shield tunneling structure based on bladder grouting. The specific technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for fine-tuning and controlling the deformation of a shield tunneling structure based on bladder grouting, and the method includes:

[0006] Determine the tunnel offset deformation data of the tunnel to be constructed;

[0007] Determine the target grouting holes of the shield segment using the tunnel offset deformation data;

[0008] Perform pouch grouting on the target grouting holes until the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data is reached.

[0009] Optionally, the determining the target grouting holes of the shield segment using the tunnel offset deformation data includes:

[0010] Determine the tunnel offset direction in the tunnel offset deformation data;

[0011] Determine the target grouting holes on the shield segment in the same direction as the tunnel offset direction.

[0012] Optionally, the determining the target grouting holes on the shield segment in the same direction as the tunnel offset direction includes:

[0013] When the tunnel offset direction is the upward floating direction, determine the target grouting holes in the upper half of the shield segment;

[0014] When the tunnel offset direction is the downward sinking direction, determine the target grouting holes in the lower half of the shield segment.

[0015] Optionally, the determining the target grouting holes on the shield segment in the same direction as the tunnel offset direction includes:

[0016] When the tunnel offset direction is the left deviation direction, determine the target grouting holes in the left half of the shield segment;

[0017] When the tunnel offset direction is the right deviation direction, determine the target grouting holes in the right half of the shield segment.

[0018] Optionally, the determining the target grouting holes of the shield segment using the tunnel offset deformation data includes:

[0019] Determine the tunnel deformation type in the tunnel offset deformation data;

[0020] Determine the target grouting holes of the shield segment using the tunnel deformation type.

[0021] Optionally, the determining the target grouting holes of the shield segment using the tunnel deformation type includes:

[0022] When the tunnel deformation type is that the tunnel cross-section changes from circular to vertically elliptical, determine the target grouting holes in the upper half and the lower half of the shield segment;

[0023] When the tunnel deformation type is that the tunnel cross-section changes from circular to horizontally elliptical, determine the target grouting holes in the left half and the right half of the shield segment.

[0024] Optionally, filling the target grouting hole with a bladder grouting to the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data includes:

[0025] Drilling and reaming the target grouting hole to obtain an enlarged end cavity;

[0026] Install an impermeable grouting bladder in the enlarged end cavity, and inject a retarder grout into the impermeable grouting bladder until the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data is reached;

[0027] Wherein, the volume of the impermeable grouting bladder after expansion is greater than the volume of the enlarged end cavity.

[0028] Optionally, filling the target grouting hole with a bladder grouting to the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data includes:

[0029] Determine the priority order of each target grouting hole based on the tunnel offset deformation data;

[0030] Perform bladder grouting on each target grouting hole in the order of priority until the target grouting pressure corresponding to its respective tunnel offset deformation data is reached.

[0031] Optionally, after filling the target grouting hole with a bladder grouting to the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data, it further includes:

[0032] Determine the grouting pressure fluctuation data during and after filling the target grouting hole with a bladder grouting;

[0033] Use the grouting pressure fluctuation data to adjust the target grouting pressure to obtain a corrected target grouting pressure.

[0034] The present invention also provides a fine-tuning control system for shield tunnel structure deformation based on bladder grouting. The system is used to implement the fine-tuning control method for shield tunnel structure deformation based on bladder grouting as described in any one of the above; the fine-tuning control system for shield tunnel structure deformation based on bladder grouting includes:

[0035] A tunnel monitoring module for determining the tunnel offset deformation data of the tunnel to be constructed;

[0036] A grouting hole positioning module for determining the target grouting holes of the shield segment using the tunnel offset deformation data;

[0037] A grouting implementation module for filling the target grouting holes with a bladder grouting to the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data.

[0038] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] In the first aspect, for the abnormal deformation of the tunnel structure caused by external operations such as soil addition and unloading above the existing tunnel, passive control measures are currently mostly adopted, which not only have great construction difficulty, long construction period, and high cost. By changing passive control to active control and adopting the real-time active control technology of grouting with bladder bags in the tunnel, not only can the tunnel deformation be effectively controlled in real time throughout the process, but also some passive control processes can be cancelled and the construction plan can be optimized.

[0040] In the second aspect, drill and ream the grouting holes reserved in the shield segment on the same side as the tunnel deformation displacement direction, install the grouting bladder bags with check valves and pressure gauges, and through the expansion and extrusion action of the grouting bladder bags, and provide a certain reaction force for the shield segment ring, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the deformation of the shield tunnel structure and strengthening and reinforcing, which has the advantages of simplicity, rapidity, economy, etc.

[0041] In the third aspect, grouting with bladder bags can effectively avoid the phenomena of penetration, splitting and grout channeling that are prone to occur in conventional grouting such as sleeve valves and perforated steel pipes. By using retarder grouting materials and based on the information feedback of tunnel automated monitoring and manual monitoring, the grouting pressure and grouting volume can be adjusted, and it will not cause greater disturbance and other adverse effects on the adjacent soil and tunnel structure. It can achieve precise control of orientation, positioning and quantification of the adjacent soil and tunnel structure, and ensure the overall deformation of the existing tunnel is controllable.

[0042] In summary, the present invention reduces or avoids the damage to the tunnel structure caused by the addition and unloading operations above the tunnel, thereby improving the safety of subway operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 It is a step flow chart of a method for fine-tuning and controlling the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on grouting with bladder bags provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a refined flow chart of step S2 in a method for fine-tuning and controlling the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on grouting with bladder bags provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a refined flow chart of step S2 in a method for fine-tuning and controlling the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on grouting with bladder bags provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4The detailed flowchart of step S3 in a shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control method based on bladder grouting provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the hardware operating environment of the shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control device related to the embodiment solution of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 The framework structural schematic diagram of the shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control system related to the embodiment solution of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 The three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the existing shield segment related to the embodiment solution of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 The structural schematic diagram of the bladder before grouting related to the embodiment solution of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 The structural schematic diagram of the bladder after grouting related to the embodiment solution of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0053] In order to further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following combines the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments to elaborate in detail on a shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control method and system based on bladder grouting proposed according to the present invention, including its specific implementation manners, structures, features and effects. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, the specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0055] Before presenting the following various embodiments, for the convenience of understanding each embodiment, the technical principle adopted by the present invention and the corresponding main technical solutions are briefly summarized and described here:

[0056] Working principle of bladder grouting: Bladder grouting is a new type of active control technology for underground engineering. A slow-setting grout is injected into an expandable bladder pre-implanted within a predetermined depth range of the tunnel surrounding rock, causing the bladder to expand with a predetermined depth, predetermined volume, and predetermined shape, thereby providing a certain reaction force to achieve fine-tuning control of the deformation of the target object (here referring to the tunnel to be constructed), with characteristics such as adjustable, controllable, and efficient.

[0057] The overall process flow can be summarized as: measuring grouting holes -> erecting a scaffolding for the drilling rig operation -> installing and positioning the drilling rig -> installing the drilling tools -> drilling -> reaming -> purging and removing slag after hole formation -> removing the drilling tools and drill pipes -> installing the bladder bag -> installing the check valve -> high-pressure grouting -> sealing and repairing the hole.

[0058] The following specifically describes the specific solution of a shield tunneling structure deformation control method based on bladder bag grouting provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Example 1:

[0060] For a shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control method based on bladder bag grouting provided by the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 which shows the process flow chart of the shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] The method includes:

[0062] Step S1, determining the tunnel offset deformation data of the tunnel to be constructed;

[0063] In this embodiment, the tunnel to be constructed mainly refers to a shield tunnel. For a shield tunnel, its characteristics are:

[0064] When adding or removing soil above a shield tunnel, both the economy and feasibility of tunnel structure or geotechnical reinforcement and the stability and safety of the tunnel structure need to be considered.

[0065] First, before constructing the tunnel to be constructed, the current situation of tunnel leakage, tunnel cracks, segment misalignment, etc. can be investigated in combination with the tunnel survey and design drawings to understand the engineering geology and hydrogeology where the existing operating tunnel is located and master the current disease situation of the existing tunnel.

[0066] Regarding how to obtain the tunnel offset deformation data, an automated monitoring and manual review combination method can be adopted. Benchmark points, monitoring points, reflective prisms are arranged in the tunnel to be constructed and a total station is installed. After system debugging, the tunnel offset deformation data of the tunnel is collected to determine the previous tunnel deformation situation, monitor the over-limit parts, and monitor the tunnel displacement, convergence deformation data and development process before and after the tunnel grouting operation in real-time and automatically. Manual review of the data can also be carried out to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the monitoring data.

[0067] Before starting the formal construction, a drilling and reaming plan can be designed in combination with the current diseases of the existing tunnel, the tunnel design drawings, and the previous tunnel deformation and over-limit parts. First, conduct a trial drill according to the design plan, verify the engineering geology and hydrogeological conditions based on the soil sampling during drilling, select various grouting construction parameters, summarize the previous construction experience, and then carry out the subsequent construction.

[0068] Step S2: Determine the target grouting holes of the shield segment using the tunnel offset deformation data.

[0069] Specifically, in one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 , the step S2 includes:

[0070] Step S21: Determine the tunnel offset direction in the tunnel offset deformation data.

[0071] Step S22: Determine the target grouting holes on the shield segment in the same direction as the tunnel offset direction.

[0072] Due to the uncertain loading and unloading situations of soil, buildings, equipment, etc. above the tunnel, the tunnel is prone to offset in a certain direction under the influence of loading and unloading loads. Through the monitored tunnel offset deformation data, the offset position and offset direction of the tunnel compared to the original position can be determined. Furthermore, a reverse force needs to be applied to the shield segment in this offset direction to inhibit and correct its offset in this direction. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the grouting holes on the shield segment in the same direction as the tunnel offset direction, which are called target grouting holes here, and then apply an inward pressure from the outside of the shield segment through these target grouting holes.

[0073] To facilitate the understanding of the shield segment and some of its structures, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 which is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the existing shield segment involved in the embodiment solution of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the shield segment generally includes grouting holes and bolt holes. The inner arc side faces the inside of the tunnel, and the outer arc side faces the surrounding rock and soil layers.

[0074] More specifically, in one embodiment, the step S22 includes:

[0075] In the case where the tunnel offset direction is the upward floating direction, determine the target grouting holes in the upper half of the shield segment;

[0076] In the case where the tunnel offset direction is the downward sinking direction, determine the target grouting holes in the lower half of the shield segment.

[0077] It is relatively easy to understand that if the tunnel has floated compared to the original position, then it is necessary to determine the target grouting holes in the upper half of the shield segment, so as to apply a downward pressure through these target grouting holes to adjust the tunnel back to the original position.

[0078] Similarly, if the tunnel has sunk compared to the original position, then it is necessary to determine the target grouting holes in the lower half of the shield segment, so as to apply an upward pressure through these target grouting holes to adjust the tunnel back to the original position.

[0079] After determining the target grouting hole, the installation position of the bladder can be determined, and bladder grouting filling can be carried out at the position of the grouting hole to provide reverse pressure.

[0080] Of course, even if the upward or downward floating is not only vertically upward or vertically downward, there may be offsets in specific multiple detailed directions. Accordingly, just find the target grouting hole in the specific corresponding direction. For example, if the upward floating is offset 20° to the right, then only need to determine the target grouting hole in this direction.

[0081] In another embodiment, the step S22 includes:

[0082] In the case where the tunnel offset direction is the left offset direction, determine the target grouting holes in the left semi-circle of the shield segment;

[0083] In the case where the tunnel offset direction is the right offset direction, determine the target grouting holes in the right semi-circle of the shield segment.

[0084] It is relatively easy to understand that if the tunnel is offset to the left compared to the original position, then it is necessary to determine the target grouting holes in the left semi-circle of the shield segment, so as to apply a rightward pressure through the target grouting holes to adjust the tunnel back to the original position.

[0085] Similarly, if the tunnel is offset to the right compared to the original position, then it is necessary to determine the target grouting holes in the right semi-circle of the shield segment, so as to apply a leftward pressure through the target grouting holes to adjust the tunnel back to the original position.

[0086] In another embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , the step S2 includes:

[0087] Step S210, determine the tunnel deformation type in the tunnel offset deformation data;

[0088] Step S220, use the tunnel deformation type to determine the target grouting holes of the shield segment.

[0089] More specifically, the step S220 includes:

[0090] In the case where the tunnel deformation type is that the tunnel cross-section changes from circular to vertically elliptical, determine the target grouting holes in the upper semi-circle and the lower semi-circle of the shield segment;

[0091] In the case where the tunnel deformation type is that the tunnel cross-section changes from circular to horizontally elliptical, determine the target grouting holes in the left semi-circle and the right semi-circle of the shield segment.

[0092] In this embodiment, the tunnel deformation types can include two kinds. One is the "vertical oval" deformation, that is, the cross-section of the tunnel changes from a circle to a vertical ellipse. It is necessary to install bladder bags at the corresponding grouting hole positions on the upper and lower parts of the shield segment and grout to fill them, so as to provide downward pressure and upward pressure at the same time, so as to squeeze the shield segment and the vertical oval shape of the tunnel back to the original circle.

[0093] The other is the "horizontal oval" deformation, that is, the cross-section of the tunnel changes from a circle to a horizontal ellipse. It is necessary to install bladder bags at the corresponding grouting hole positions on the left and right parts of the shield segment and grout to fill them, so as to provide rightward pressure and leftward pressure at the same time, so as to squeeze the shield segment and the horizontal oval shape of the tunnel back to the original circle.

[0094] Step S3, grout the target grouting hole with a bladder bag until the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data is reached.

[0095] Specifically, in one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 , the said step S3 includes:

[0096] Step S31, drill and ream the target grouting hole to obtain an enlarged end cavity;

[0097] Step S32, install a water-impermeable grouting bladder bag in the enlarged end cavity, and inject a retarding grout into the water-impermeable grouting bladder bag until the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data is reached;

[0098] Among them, the volume of the enlarged end cavity is smaller than the volume of the water-impermeable grouting bladder bag after expansion.

[0099] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 to illustrate the grouting operation process. The structures related to the bladder bag 1 also include a grouting casing 4, a pressure gauge 2 and a check valve 3.

[0100] During the formal construction process, the tunnel anchor drill, casing equipment, grouting machine, grouting pipe, pressure gauge, quick-drying cement, slow-setting cement-based grouting materials are brought into the site. The drill bit and drill rod diameters are determined according to the target grouting hole diameter. When the drill bit drills through the shield segment and the synchronous grouting has a certain depth (which can be determined and adjusted according to actual conditions), the initial drill bit is replaced with a hole-reaming drill bit to form a cylindrical enlarged end cavity with a diameter to ensure that the volume of the enlarged end cavity is smaller than the volume of the impermeable grouting bag after expansion. Then, the impermeable grouting bag with a check valve and a pressure gauge is installed to ensure that it is installed in place. After that, the slow-setting slurry is injected into the impermeable grouting bag through the grouting casing until the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data is reached. The target grouting pressure here can be determined by reading the mapping table between the tunnel offset deformation and the grouting pressure. The target grouting pressure can ensure that the tunnel is restored to its original position and shape from offset or deformation. The above mapping table can generally be obtained through field tests or theoretical calculations or finite element analysis based on relevant mechanical and material parameters of the shield pipe layer and offset deformation parameters.

[0101] In addition, during the grouting construction process, the drilling rig scaffolding must meet the safety operation requirements and be able to withstand loads such as vibration and impact during the drilling process. The drilling rig, drilling tools, and casing must be checked repeatedly before construction. Drill rods and casings with cracks and thread slippage must not be used. During the hole making process, light pressure, slow drilling, repeated blowing, and slow passage through complex sections. If there is a sudden advance and drill jam, the cause must be found out and the construction can be carried out only after the fault is eliminated. When the drill tool is withdrawn after the hole making is completed, the action must be slow, and the drill can be withdrawn evenly according to the preset withdrawal rate to prevent excessive operation force and damage to the drill bit and pipe shoe. The drilling rate should be strictly controlled during the drilling and soil extraction process (it can be according to the preset drilling rate) to prevent the collapse of the hole from causing abnormal sinking of the tunnel. When pulling out the casing, the hydraulic jack should be lifted slowly and evenly to prevent the casing from breaking from the thread.

[0102] In another embodiment, the step S3 comprises:

[0103] Determine the priority order of each target grouting hole based on the tunnel offset deformation data;

[0104] Each target grouting hole is filled with bag grouting according to the priority order to the target grouting pressure corresponding to the respective tunnel offset deformation data.

[0105] Since there are many shield segments in the tunnel, each shield segment may have different deviations or deformations. Therefore, the priority order of the target grouting holes on different shield segments can be determined according to their respective deviations or deformation degrees, and then the grouting operation can be carried out according to different priority orders.

[0106] Specifically, the priority order can be determined according to the deviation or deformation degree of different shield segments, that is, the higher the deviation or deformation degree of the shield segment, the higher the priority order. In addition, in the case where some shield segments are deviated, some shield segments are deformed, and even some shield segments have both deviation and deformation, in order to compare the priorities, a higher weight can be assigned to the deformation, such as 0.6, and the weight assigned to the deviation is 0.4. Then, the deformation parameter and the deviation parameter are normalized respectively, and multiplied by their respective weight coefficients to obtain the abnormality degree of each shield segment, and then the priority order is obtained according to the size of the abnormality degree, that is, the greater the abnormality degree, the higher the corresponding priority.

[0107] For example, the shield segment ring with the largest deformation in the early stage can be preferentially selected for grouting operation, and then the grouting operation of the adjacent segment rings is carried out symmetrically.

[0108] During the grouting operation, when the grouting hole on one side of the shield segment is opened and the bladder is installed in place, a single or multiple grouting machines can be used to perform simultaneous grouting of multiple roots. During grouting, first fill the bladder with the preset medium and low pressure, and then perform the preset high pressure grouting.

[0109] In addition, in one embodiment, after the step S3, it further includes:

[0110] Determine the grouting pressure fluctuation data during and after the bladder grouting filling of the target grouting hole;

[0111] Use the grouting pressure fluctuation data to adjust the target grouting pressure to obtain the corrected target grouting pressure.

[0112] When the bladder grouting construction reaches the predetermined target grouting pressure, combined with the monitoring data during the grouting operation and the grouting pressure fluctuation situation, supplementary secondary grouting or pressure relief treatment can be adopted to adjust the target grouting pressure to obtain the corrected target grouting pressure. This design is because the actual construction situation is relatively complex, and there may be a certain deviation between the initially determined target grouting pressure and the actual required value. Therefore, it is also necessary to adjust the target grouting pressure according to the changes in the tunnel and the reflected grouting pressure fluctuation, aiming to ensure that the tunnel and the shield segments can return to their original shapes and positions.

[0113] Through the real-time deformation monitoring and review of the tunnel, after the bladder grouting meets the tunnel deformation control requirements, continuous observation is carried out for a certain period of time. When the deformation and grouting pressure tend to be stable, the pressure gauges and check valves are removed one by one, the part exposed outside the segment is cut off, and the orifice is repaired by using quick-drying cement and marked, so as to facilitate subsequent maintenance and inspection.

[0114] In a more specific embodiment, a pressure gauge for on-line detection may also be retained to be able to obtain the grouting pressure of the bladder in real time, so that during the subsequent maintenance of the tunnel, the subsequent deformation or offset of the tunnel can be determined by the grouting pressure of the bladder, and then the deformation and displacement can be intervened in a timely manner to improve the safety of tunnel and subway operation to a greater extent.

[0115] For the above various embodiments of the present invention, when adding or unloading soil above the shield tunnel, it is necessary to consider both the economy and feasibility of tunnel structure or geotechnical reinforcement and the stability and safety of the tunnel structure. Combining with the strict requirements for the control of subway tunnel structure deformation, based on the real-time information monitoring of tunnel deformation, the present invention uses the bladder grouting technology to formulate a tunnel deformation control plan. Drilling and reaming are carried out on the grouting holes of the segment at the same direction as the tunnel displacement deformation, and an impervious grouting bladder with a check valve and a pressure gauge is installed. The grouting material with a retarding property is injected into a single or multiple series-connected bladders, so that the grouting bladder is located between the shield segment and the surrounding soil mass, and multiple pressurized expansions or decompression contractions can be realized. The bladder continuously compacts the tunnel surrounding rock and provides a certain reaction force for the shield segment, so as to actively control the soil stress and deformation and the deformation of the adjacent tunnel structure in real time, adjust the deformation of the shield tunnel structure and reinforce the tunnel structure, and achieve the purpose of locally adjusting or controlling the tunnel deformation, with the characteristics of simplicity, rapidity, economy and applicability.

[0116] Specifically, through the above various embodiments of the present invention, the following are achieved:

[0117] First, for the abnormal deformation of the tunnel structure caused by external operations such as soil addition and unloading above the existing tunnel, the current passive control measures not only have large construction difficulty, long construction period and high cost. By changing the passive control to active control and adopting the real-time active control technology of bladder grouting in the tunnel, not only can the tunnel deformation be effectively controlled in real time throughout the process, but also some passive control processes can be cancelled and the construction plan can be optimized.

[0118] Second, drilling and reaming are carried out on the grouting holes reserved on the shield segment on the same side as the tunnel deformation displacement direction, and a grouting bladder with a check valve and a pressure gauge is installed. Through the expansion and extrusion action of the grouting bladder and providing a certain reaction force for the shield segment ring, the purpose of adjusting the deformation of the shield tunnel structure and reinforcing and strengthening is achieved, with the advantages of simplicity, rapidity, economy, etc.

[0119] Thirdly, the bag grouting can effectively avoid the phenomena of penetration, splitting and slurry channeling that are prone to occur in conventional grouting methods such as sleeve valves and steel flower pipes. By using retarder grouting materials and based on the information feedback from tunnel automation monitoring and manual monitoring, the grouting pressure and volume can be adjusted, which will not cause adverse effects such as large disturbances to the adjacent soil mass and tunnel structure. It can achieve precise control of orientation, positioning and quantification for the adjacent soil mass and tunnel structure, ensuring the overall deformation of the existing tunnel is controllable.

[0120] In summary, the present invention reduces or avoids the damage to the tunnel structure caused by the loading and unloading operations above the tunnel, thereby improving the safety of subway operation.

[0121] Embodiment 2:

[0122] The embodiment of the present invention also proposes a fine-tuning control device for the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting. The fine-tuning control device for the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting can be a data calculation and processing device such as a computer, a server, a programmable logic controller, or a combination of multiple devices.

[0123] As Figure 5 shown, Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the hardware operating environment of the fine-tuning control device for the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0124] As Figure 5 shown, the fine-tuning control device for the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting may include: a processor 1001, such as a CPU, a network interface 1004, a user interface 1003, a memory 1005, and a communication bus 1002. Among them, the communication bus 1002 is used to realize the connection and communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a display (Display) and an input unit such as a control panel. Optionally, the user interface 1003 may further include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface (such as a WIFI interface). The memory 1005 may be a high-speed RAM memory or a stable memory (non-volatile memory), such as a disk memory. Optionally, the memory 1005 may also be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor 1001. The memory 1005, as a computer storage medium, may include a fine-tuning control program for the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting.

[0125] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 5 the hardware structure shown in

[0126] Continue to refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 In Figure 5 , the memory 1005 as a computer-readable storage medium may include an operating system, a user interface module, a network communication module, and a fine-tuning control program for the deformation of the shield tunnel structure based on bladder grouting.

[0127] In Figure 5 In Figure 5 , the network communication module is mainly used to connect to the server and can communicate with the server for data; while the processor 1001 can call the fine-tuning control program for the deformation of the shield tunnel structure based on bladder grouting stored in the memory 1005 and execute the steps in each of the above embodiments.

[0128] Based on the above hardware structure of the fine-tuning control device for the deformation of the shield tunnel structure based on bladder grouting, it is used to implement each embodiment of the fine-tuning control method for the deformation of the shield tunnel structure based on bladder grouting of the present invention.

[0129] In addition, the present invention also provides a fine-tuning control system for the deformation of the shield tunnel structure based on bladder grouting. Please refer to Figure 6 , the fine-tuning control system for the deformation of the shield tunnel structure based on bladder grouting includes:

[0130] Tunnel monitoring module A10, used to determine the tunnel offset deformation data of the tunnel to be constructed;

[0131] Grout hole positioning module A20, used to determine the target grout holes of the shield segment using the tunnel offset deformation data;

[0132] Grouting implementation module A30, used to perform bladder grouting filling on the target grout holes until the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data is reached.

[0133] Further, the grout hole positioning module A20 is also used for:

[0134] Determine the tunnel offset direction in the tunnel offset deformation data;

[0135] Determine the target grout holes on the shield segment in the same direction as the tunnel offset direction.

[0136] Further, the grout hole positioning module A20 is also used for:

[0137] In the case where the tunnel offset direction is the upward floating direction, determine the target grout holes on the upper half of the shield segment;

[0138] In the case where the tunnel offset direction is the downward sinking direction, determine the target grout holes on the lower half of the shield segment.

[0139] Further, the grout hole positioning module A20 is also used for:

[0140] When the tunnel offset direction is the left offset direction, determine the target grouting holes in the left semi-circle of the shield segment.

[0141] When the tunnel offset direction is the right offset direction, determine the target grouting holes in the right semi-circle of the shield segment.

[0142] Furthermore, the grouting hole positioning module A20 is further configured to:

[0143] Determine the tunnel deformation type in the tunnel offset deformation data;

[0144] Use the tunnel deformation type to determine the target grouting holes of the shield segment.

[0145] Furthermore, the grouting hole positioning module A20 is further configured to:

[0146] When the tunnel deformation type is that the tunnel cross-section changes from circular to vertically elliptical, determine the target grouting holes in the upper semi-circle and the lower semi-circle of the shield segment;

[0147] When the tunnel deformation type is that the tunnel cross-section changes from circular to horizontally elliptical, determine the target grouting holes in the left semi-circle and the right semi-circle of the shield segment.

[0148] Furthermore, the grouting implementation module A30 is further configured to:

[0149] Drill and ream the target grouting holes to obtain an enlarged end cavity;

[0150] Install a water-impermeable grouting bladder in the enlarged end cavity, and inject a retarding grout into the water-impermeable grouting bladder until the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data is reached;

[0151] Wherein, the volume of the water-impermeable grouting bladder after expansion is larger than the volume of the enlarged end cavity.

[0152] Furthermore, the grouting implementation module A30 is further configured to:

[0153] Determine the priority order of each target grouting hole based on the tunnel offset deformation data;

[0154] Perform bladder grouting on each target grouting hole in accordance with the priority order until the target grouting pressure corresponding to its respective tunnel offset deformation data is reached.

[0155] Furthermore, the grouting implementation module A30 is further configured to:

[0156] Determine the grouting pressure fluctuation data during and after the bladder grouting of the target grouting holes;

[0157] Use the grouting pressure fluctuation data to adjust the target grouting pressure to obtain the corrected target grouting pressure.

[0158] The specific implementation manner of the shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control system based on bladder grouting of the present invention is basically the same as each embodiment of the above-mentioned shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control method based on bladder grouting, and will not be described in detail here.

[0159] In addition, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. A shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control program based on bladder grouting is stored on the computer-readable storage medium of the present invention. When the shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control program based on bladder grouting is executed by a processor, the steps of the shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control method as described above are implemented.

[0160] Wherein, the method implemented when the shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control program based on bladder grouting is executed can refer to each embodiment of the shield tunneling structure deformation fine-tuning control method based on bladder grouting of the present invention, and will not be described in detail here.

[0161] It should be noted that: the above sequence of the embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0162] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0163] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0164] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural / method transformation made by using the description and drawings of the present invention under the inventive concept of the present invention, or any direct / indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for fine-tuning the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determine tunnel offset deformation data of the tunnel to be constructed; The target grouting holes of shield segments are determined using tunnel offset deformation data; The target grouting holes are filled with bag grouting to the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data.

2. The method for fine-tuning the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of determining the target grouting holes of the shield segment by using the tunnel offset deformation data comprises: Determine the tunnel offset direction in the tunnel offset deformation data; Determine the target grouting holes on the shield segment that are in the same direction as the tunnel offset direction.

3. The method for fine-tuning the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step of determining a target grouting hole on the shield segment that is in the same direction as the tunnel offset direction comprises: When the tunnel deflection direction is the floating direction, determine the target grouting holes in the upper semicircle of the shield segment; When the tunnel offset direction is the sinking direction, determine the target grouting holes in the lower semicircle of the shield segment.

4. The method for fine-tuning the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step of determining a target grouting hole on the shield segment that is in the same direction as the tunnel offset direction comprises: When the tunnel deflection direction is left, determine the target grouting holes in the left semicircle of the shield segment; When the tunnel is offset to the right, determine the target grouting holes on the right semicircle of the shield segment.

5. The method for fine-tuning the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of determining the target grouting holes of the shield segment by using the tunnel offset deformation data comprises: Determining the tunnel deformation type in the tunnel offset deformation data; The target grouting holes of shield segments are determined by using the tunnel deformation type.

6. The method for fine-tuning and controlling deformation of shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The method of determining the target grouting holes of the shield segment by using the tunnel deformation type includes: When the tunnel deformation type is that the tunnel cross section changes from a circle to a vertical ellipse, determine the target grouting holes in the upper and lower semicircles of the shield segment; When the tunnel deformation type is that the tunnel cross section changes from a circle to a transverse ellipse, the target grouting holes on the left and right semicircles of the shield segment are determined.

7. The method for fine-tuning the deformation of a shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of filling the target grouting hole with bag grouting to a target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data includes: Drilling and enlarging the target grouting hole to obtain an enlarged end cavity; Install an impermeable grouting bag in the cavity at the enlarged end, and inject the slow-setting slurry into the impermeable grouting bag until the target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data is reached; The volume of the watertight bag after grouting and expansion is greater than the volume of the cavity at the expanded end.

8. The method for fine-tuning and controlling deformation of shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of filling the target grouting hole with bag grouting to a target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data includes: Determine the priority order of each target grouting hole based on the tunnel offset deformation data; Each target grouting hole is filled with bag grouting in order of priority to the target grouting pressure corresponding to the displacement deformation data of each tunnel.

9. The method for fine-tuning and controlling deformation of shield tunnel structure based on bag grouting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After the target grouting hole is filled with bag grouting to a target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data, the method further includes: Determine the grouting pressure fluctuation data during and after the bag grouting filling of the target grouting hole; The target grouting pressure is adjusted using the grouting pressure fluctuation data to obtain the corrected target grouting pressure.

10. A shield tunnel structure deformation fine-tuning control system based on bag grouting, characterized in that: The system is used to implement the shield tunnel structure deformation control method based on bag grouting as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the system comprises: A tunnel monitoring module, used to determine the tunnel deviation deformation data of the tunnel to be constructed; Grout hole positioning module, used to determine the target grouting holes of shield segments using tunnel offset deformation data; The grouting implementation module is used to fill the target grouting hole with bag grouting to a target grouting pressure corresponding to the tunnel offset deformation data.

Images