Power transmission line icing detection system and detection method

Abstract

A power transmission line icing detection system and a detection method relate to the technical field of power transmission line detection and comprise a sensor detection module and a data processing module. The sensor detection module comprises a plurality of FBG sensors which are connected in series through optical fibers, and two pressure sensors which are respectively arranged above and below a power transmission line. Wherein the FBG sensor and the sweep frequency laser light source are packaged in the same shell, and the sweep frequency laser light source provides a light source for the FBG sensor; the data processing module receives data of the FBG sensor, the sweep frequency laser light source and the pressure sensor, regulates and controls working parameters of the sweep frequency laser light source after comprehensively analyzing the received data, and judges and predicts the icing condition of the power transmission line; according to the invention, the FBG sensor, the sweep frequency laser light source and the pressure sensor realize cooperative work through the data processing module, and the system has the advantages of high sensitivity, high precision, strong anti-interference capability and the like, and can work stably in a severe field environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power transmission line detection, and in particular to a power transmission line icing detection system and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] In the wild environment, the icing of transmission lines is a common problem, especially in cold areas or high altitude areas, where the icing of transmission lines is more serious. The icing of transmission lines will not only affect the normal transmission function of the transmission lines, resulting in communication interruption or reduced power transmission efficiency, but may also cause serious consequences such as transmission line breakage, resulting in huge economic losses and social impact. For example, in the power transmission system, the icing of transmission lines will increase the weight and stress of the transmission lines, causing the transmission lines to loosen or break, affecting the stability of the power supply; in the communication system, the icing of transmission lines will interfere with signal transmission, reduce communication quality, and even cause communication interruption. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the icing of field transmission lines is crucial to ensure the safety of communication and power transmission.

[0003] At present, the main detection methods for icing of transmission lines include manual inspection, optical sensor detection and vibration sensor detection. The manual inspection method has problems such as low efficiency, high cost and poor real-time performance, and it is difficult to meet the needs of field transmission line icing monitoring. Although the optical sensor detection method has the advantages of high sensitivity and high precision, it is easily interfered by ambient light, and the detection effect is poor under severe weather conditions (such as heavy fog, heavy snow, etc.), and there are certain limitations. The vibration sensor detection method mainly judges the icing situation by monitoring the vibration frequency changes of the transmission line, but it is insensitive to the slight vibration changes of the transmission line, and is easily disturbed by environmental factors such as wind vibration, and the detection accuracy needs to be improved. In addition, most of the existing detection methods can only be used alone, and it is impossible to achieve the integration of multiple detection methods, and it is difficult to meet the high-precision and high-reliability requirements of transmission line icing monitoring in complex field environments. The above defects are problems that technicians in this field need to solve urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background technology, the present invention discloses a transmission line icing detection system and a detection method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A transmission line icing detection system and detection method, comprising a sensor detection module and a data processing module; the sensor detection module includes a plurality of FBG sensors connected in series by optical fibers, and two pressure sensors respectively arranged above and below the transmission line; wherein, the FBG sensors and the swept laser light source are encapsulated in the same housing, and the swept laser light source provides light source for the FBG sensors; the data processing module receives the data of the FBG sensors, the swept laser light source and the pressure sensors, regulates the working parameters of the swept laser light source after comprehensively analyzing the received data, and judges and predicts the icing condition of the transmission line.

[0007] Preferably, the swept laser light source is connected to the FBG sensor through an optical fiber coupler.

[0008] Preferably, it further includes a power supply module, and the power supply module integrates a solar panel and a storage battery.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes a wireless communication module for transmitting detection information.

[0010] The detection method of the transmission line icing detection system is characterized by including the following steps:

[0011] S1. The FBG sensor senses the vibration and strain changes of the transmission line in real time and sends the optical signal to the swept laser light source;

[0012] S2. The swept laser light source optimizes the emission of the optical signal according to the feedback of the FBG sensor, converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal, and transmits it to the data processing module; the differential pressure measuring device monitors the differential pressure changes around the transmission line in real time and transmits the data to the data processing module;

[0013] S3. The data processing module demodulates and analyzes the electrical signal, extracts the grating wavelength shift information, and calculates the vibration frequency and strain changes of the transmission line; by comparing the baseline spectrum, the icing state is initially determined;

[0014] S4. The data processing module collects the vibration frequency of the transmission line monitored by the FBG sensor in real time, and the differential pressure changes around the transmission line monitored by the differential pressure measuring device in real time, and filters and denoises the collected vibration frequency and differential pressure data;

[0015] S5. The data processing module calculates statistical characteristics such as the mean and variance of the vibration frequency, and analyzes the change trend of the vibration frequency.

[0016] Preferably, in step S5, the vibration frequency and differential pressure data are weighted and fused to calculate the comprehensive icing index CI:

[0017]

[0018] Wherein, , : is the weight coefficient (0 < , < 1, and + = 1), is the fundamental frequency, the vibration frequency in the ice-free state; is the real-time vibration frequency, is the pressure difference threshold; is the real-time pressure difference;

[0019] Threshold judgment rule:

[0020]

[0021] Among them is the judgment threshold of the comprehensive icing index, 0.7 ≤ ≤ 0.9.

[0022] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] A transmission line icing detection system and detection method disclosed by the present invention have a simple structure and are easy to use; the cooperative work of the FBG sensor and the swept-frequency laser light source can detect the icing condition of the transmission line in real time and accurately. At the same time, the pressure difference measuring device can accurately detect the pressure difference change around the transmission line.

[0024] By deeply integrating the FBG sensor, the swept-frequency laser light source and the pressure sensor, high-precision and high-reliability detection of the icing state of the transmission line is realized. The FBG sensor can sense the vibration and strain changes of the transmission line in real time, the swept-frequency laser light source provides a stable light source, and the pressure sensor monitors the pressure difference change around the transmission line. Through the comprehensive analysis of the data of multiple sensors by the data processing module, the icing state of the transmission line can be accurately judged, and the accuracy and reliability of the detection are improved; it also has the advantages of strong anti-interference ability, flexible deployment, low power consumption, etc., and can operate stably in the harsh field environment, providing a reliable guarantee for the safe operation of the transmission line.

[0025] According to the analysis result, the data processing module of the present invention sends a control instruction to the swept-frequency laser light source to adjust its working parameters to better adapt to the icing state of the transmission line. By analyzing the change trend, the development trend of icing is predicted, and the detection strategy is adjusted in advance, such as increasing the monitoring frequency, adjusting the monitoring range, etc., to improve the early warning ability of the system. Specific implementation mode

[0026] The present invention can be explained in detail through the following embodiments, and the purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.

[0027] An ice detection system and method for transmission lines, comprising a sensor detection module and a data processing module; the sensor detection module includes a plurality of FBG sensors connected in series through optical fibers, and two pressure sensors respectively arranged above and below the transmission line; wherein, the FBG sensors and the swept laser light source are encapsulated in the same housing, and the swept laser light source provides light source for the FBG sensors; the data processing module receives the data of the FBG sensors, the swept laser light source and the pressure sensors, comprehensively analyzes the received data, regulates the working parameters of the swept laser light source, and judges and predicts the icing condition of the transmission line.

[0028] Specifically, each optical fiber is connected in series with 5 FBG sensors, covering a 10-meter transmission line section. The wavelength range of the FBG sensors is 1525 - 1565 nm, which can sense the vibration and strain changes of the transmission line in real time. The sensors are encapsulated in an IP68-level protective housing and fixed 10 cm below the transmission line by clamps to avoid wind vibration interference. This encapsulation form can not only protect the sensors from the influence of the external environment, but also ensure the close contact between the FBG sensors and the transmission line, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. One node is deployed every 100 meters, focusing on covering the conductor sag points and the windward sides, such as the mid-span point and the valley air outlet, to ensure comprehensive monitoring of the key parts of the transmission line.

[0029] The swept laser light source provides a stable light source for the FBG sensors, and its frequency resolution can reach 0.1 pm, which can accurately measure the grating wavelength shift of the FBG sensors. When the transmission line is iced, the changes in the weight and volume of the ice layer will cause changes in the vibration frequency and strain of the transmission line. The FBG sensors sense these changes and generate corresponding grating wavelength shifts. The swept laser light source automatically adjusts its scanning frequency and range according to the grating wavelength shift information fed back by the FBG sensors to enhance the detection of the icing state of the transmission line. When it is detected that the grating wavelength shift exceeds the set threshold, the swept laser light source can increase the scanning frequency to more finely measure the grating wavelength change, thereby improving the detection accuracy and sensitivity.

[0030] This collaborative working mode not only improves the detection accuracy, but also enhances the adaptability of the system. Through the dynamic adjustment of the swept laser light source, the system can better cope with the icing conditions in different environments, ensuring accurate detection of the icing state of the transmission line under various conditions. In addition, this collaborative working can also reduce the energy consumption of the system, improve the stability of the system, and extend the service life of the system.

[0031] Two pressure sensors located above and below the transmission line measure the air pressure above and below the transmission line respectively. When the transmission line is iced, the ice layer will change the air flow distribution around the transmission line, resulting in a change in the pressure difference. The two pressure sensors monitor the change in the pressure difference around the transmission line in real time and transmit the data to the data processing module.

[0032] The data processing module demodulates and analyzes the electrical signals, extracts the grating wavelength shift information, and calculates the vibration frequency and strain change of the transmission line. By comparing the baseline spectrum (non-iced state), when the fundamental frequency drops from 15 Hz to below 12 Hz, it is determined that icing has occurred (ice thickness ≥ 3 mm). At the same time, the data processing module analyzes the data of the pressure difference measuring device to judge the icing state of the transmission line. When the pressure difference changes, it is confirmed that the transmission line is iced.

[0033] Based on the analysis results, the data processing module sends control commands to the swept-frequency laser light source to adjust its operating parameters to better adapt to the icing state of the transmission line. For example, when it is detected that the transmission line is iced, the swept-frequency laser light source can increase the scanning frequency to more precisely measure the grating wavelength change, thereby improving the detection accuracy and sensitivity. At the same time, the data processing module can also adjust the detection frequency of the pressure difference measuring device according to the icing state to optimize the detection performance.

[0034] The data processing module stores the measurement data and analysis results in the local memory and at the same time transmits them to the remote monitoring center through the communication module. The data storage includes information such as grating wavelength shift, vibration frequency, strain change, pressure difference change, etc., as well as environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity; the remote monitoring center receives the data transmission of the system and monitors the icing condition of the transmission line in real time.

[0035] In addition, the power supply module combines a solar panel and a storage battery, enabling stable operation in the field environment for a long time. The system has a low-power design and automatically enters the sleep state when not transmitting data to save energy.

[0036] The detection is carried out in the following steps:

[0037] S1. The FBG sensor senses the vibration and strain changes of the transmission line in real time and sends the optical signal to the swept-frequency laser light source;

[0038] S2. The swept-frequency laser light source optimizes the emission of the optical signal according to the feedback of the FBG sensor, converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal, and transmits it to the data processing module; the pressure difference measuring device monitors the change in the pressure difference around the transmission line in real time and transmits the data to the data processing module;

[0039] Specifically, the FBG sensor monitors the vibration frequency of the transmission line in real time, and the data processing module records and stores the vibration frequency data. The differential pressure measuring device monitors the change of differential pressure around the transmission line in real time, and the data processing module records and stores the differential pressure data.

[0040] S3. The data processing module demodulates and analyzes the electrical signal, extracts the grating wavelength shift information, and calculates the vibration frequency and strain change of the transmission line; by comparing the baseline spectrum, the icing state is initially determined;

[0041] S4. The data processing module collects the vibration frequency of the transmission line monitored by the FBG sensor in real time, as well as the change of differential pressure around the transmission line monitored by the differential pressure measuring device in real time, and filters and denoises the collected vibration frequency and differential pressure data;

[0042] S5. The data processing module calculates the statistical characteristics such as the mean and variance of the vibration frequency, and analyzes the change trend of the vibration frequency;

[0043] The vibration frequency and differential pressure data are weighted and fused to calculate the comprehensive icing index CI:

[0044]

[0045] Among them, , : is the weight coefficient (0 < , < 1, and + = 1), is the fundamental frequency, the vibration frequency in the ice-free state; is the real-time vibration frequency, is the differential pressure threshold; is the real-time differential pressure; the vibration frequency is band-pass filtered (1 - 50 Hz) to eliminate high-frequency noise interference. The differential pressure is processed by moving average (window length 5 minutes) to suppress transient fluctuations.

[0046] Threshold judgment rule:

[0047]

[0048] Among them is the judgment threshold of the comprehensive icing index, 0.7 ≤ ≤ 0.9.

[0049] The data processing module predicts the icing state of the transmission line in real time according to the comprehensive icing index When exceeds the threshold When it does, an icing warning is issued immediately. Through the data processing module, analyze the change trend to predict the development trend of icing, and adjust the detection strategy in advance, such as increasing the monitoring frequency, adjusting the monitoring range, etc., to improve the warning ability of the system.

[0050] The parts not detailed in the present invention are prior art. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention; therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, aiming to include all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements in the present invention.

Claims

1. A transmission line ice detection system, characterized by: It includes a sensor detection module and a data processing module; the sensor detection module includes a plurality of FBG sensors connected in series through optical fibers, and two pressure sensors respectively arranged above and below the transmission line; wherein the FBG sensor and the swept-frequency laser light source are encapsulated in the same housing, and the swept-frequency laser light source provides light source for the FBG sensor; the data processing module receives data from the FBG sensor, the swept-frequency laser light source and the pressure sensor, adjusts the working parameters of the swept-frequency laser light source after comprehensive analysis of the received data, and judges and predicts the icing condition of the transmission line.

2. The power transmission line icing detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency-sweeping laser light source is connected to the FBG sensor via an optical fiber coupler.

3. The power transmission line icing detection system and detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a power module, which is integrated with a solar panel and a battery.

4. The power transmission line icing detection system and detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a wireless communication module for transmitting detection information.

5. The detection method using the power transmission line ice detection system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, FBG sensor senses the vibration and strain changes of the transmission line in real time and sends the optical signal to the swept laser light source; S2, the frequency-sweeping laser light source optimizes the emission of optical signals according to the feedback from the FBG sensor, and converts the received optical signals into electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the data processing module; the pressure difference measuring device monitors the pressure difference changes around the transmission line in real time, and transmits the data to the data processing module; S3, the data processing module demodulates and analyzes the electrical signal, extracts the grating wavelength offset information, and calculates the vibration frequency and strain change of the transmission line; by comparing the baseline spectrum, the ice coverage status is preliminarily determined; S4, the data processing module collects the vibration frequency of the transmission line monitored in real time by the FBG sensor, and the pressure difference measurement device monitors the pressure difference change around the transmission line in real time, and performs filtering and denoising on the collected vibration frequency and pressure difference data; S5. The data processing module calculates the statistical characteristics such as the mean and variance of the vibration frequency and analyzes the changing trend of the vibration frequency.

6. The detection method of the power transmission line icing detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S5 calculates the comprehensive icing index CI by weighted fusion of the vibration frequency and the pressure difference data: in, , : is the weight coefficient (0< , <1, and + =1), is the fundamental frequency, the vibration frequency in the ice-free state; is the real-time vibration frequency, is the pressure difference threshold; is the real-time pressure difference; Threshold judgment rules: in is the judgment threshold of the comprehensive icing index, 0.7≤ ≤0.9.

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