Pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device and test system

Abstract

The invention provides a pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device and test system, and relates to the technical field of nozzle test. The pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device comprises pre-filming glass, a first flange plate, a second flange plate and a flame tube. The pre-filmed glass is clamped and fixed through the first flange plate and the second flange plate, and the flame tube is installed on the side, away from the pre-filmed glass, of the second flange plate. A jet hole is formed in the pre-filmed glass, a first opening and a second opening are formed in the two sides of the pre-filmed glass through the jet hole, an air inlet channel communicated with the first opening is formed in the first flange plate, and the flame tube is communicated with the second opening through the second flange plate. The first flange plate is used for installing the nozzle, the side wall of the injection hole is used for simulating the film forming wall face of the nozzle, and the nozzle injects fuel to the side wall of the injection hole, so that an oil film is formed on the side wall, enters the flame tube from the second opening under the action of airflow entering the injection hole from the air inlet channel and is combusted in the inner cavity of the flame tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nozzle tests, and more particularly, to a pre-film atomizing nozzle test device and a test system. Background Art

[0002] Liquid hydrocarbon fuel is a fuel widely used under modern industrial conditions. Due to its wide sources, high energy density, convenient storage, stable combustion and many other advantages, it has been widely used in various scenarios in the fields of transportation, power generation, etc. In the use of liquid hydrocarbon fuel, direct combustion to release heat is the most main form of use. However, there are problems such as difficult combustion, large pollution and low fuel efficiency in the direct combustion of liquid hydrocarbon fuel. Therefore, in actual use, it is usually necessary to convert liquid hydrocarbon fuel into gaseous or fine droplets for combustion, such as realizing fuel atomization or evaporation through pressurization or heating. Correspondingly, the combustion process after atomization or evaporation of liquid hydrocarbon fuel, such as flame shape, combustion temperature, combustion efficiency, pollutant emissions, etc., will be strongly affected by the form of fuel atomization or evaporation.

[0003] To achieve good atomization or evaporation of liquid hydrocarbon fuel to obtain a better combustion effect, in liquid fuel application scenarios such as gas turbines and internal combustion engines, special nozzles are usually set for the fuel to achieve sufficient atomization before fuel combustion. The atomization process of the nozzle mainly includes decomposing liquid fuel into finer droplets, increasing the surface area of the fuel, strengthening the heat and mass exchange rate during combustion, promoting fuel evaporation, accelerating the combustion process, and improving combustion performance. Most research results show that before combustion, the smaller the droplet size, the more uniform the size distribution, and the more uniform the mixing with air after atomization of liquid fuel, the more stable the combustion process and the less pollutant generation. Therefore, in addition to relying on the pressure of the fuel itself to achieve partial atomization before liquid fuel combustion, the aerodynamic force of the surrounding air is usually also used to enhance atomization, such as common air atomizing nozzles, pneumatic atomizing nozzles, etc. Such air atomizing nozzles have been widely used in engine combustion chambers with high gas flow velocities such as gas turbines and aeroengines.

[0004] Among them, as a kind of air atomizing nozzle, the pre-film atomizing nozzle is difficult to be effectively tested at present, which is not conducive to the optimization design of the pre-film atomizing nozzle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pre-film atomizing nozzle test device, which can test the pre-film atomization process of the pre-film atomizing nozzle, thereby helping to obtain effective data to support the optimization design of the pre-film atomizing nozzle.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a test system capable of testing the pre-film atomization process of a pre-film atomizing nozzle, thereby helping to obtain effective data to support the optimized design of the pre-film atomizing nozzle.

[0007] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in the following ways:

[0008] A pre-film atomizing nozzle test device, the pre-film atomizing nozzle test device includes:

[0009] A pre-film glass provided with a spray hole, the spray hole penetrating through the pre-film glass and forming a first opening and a second opening on both sides of the pre-film glass respectively;

[0010] A first flange and a second flange, the first flange and the second flange are respectively located on both sides of the pre-film glass to clamp and fix the pre-film glass through the first flange and the second flange; an air inlet channel communicating with the first opening is formed on the first flange, and the first flange is used for installing a nozzle, and the nozzle is used for spraying fuel onto the side wall of the spray hole to simulate the film-forming wall surface of the nozzle through the side wall; and

[0011] A flame tube, the flame tube is installed on the side of the second flange away from the pre-film glass, and the flame tube communicates with the second opening through the second flange, and the inner cavity of the flame tube is used for the fuel to burn.

[0012] Optionally, the spray hole is a tapered hole, and along the direction from the first opening to the second opening, the flow area of the spray hole decreases; or,

[0013] The spray hole is a cylindrical hole.

[0014] Optionally, the first flange includes a disc body and a swirler detachably installed on the disc body. The disc body is provided with a first hole section and a second hole section that communicate with each other. The second hole section is closer to the first opening than the first hole section, and the aperture of the first hole section is larger than that of the second hole section; the swirler is installed in the first hole section, and a first annular cavity is formed between the peripheral wall of the swirler and the peripheral wall of the first hole section. The top of the swirler has swirling blades, and the swirling blades form a swirling channel. The first annular cavity communicates with the second hole section through the swirling channel;

[0015] The air inlet channel includes the first annular cavity, the swirling channel and the second hole section.

[0016] Optionally, the swirler has a mounting hole at the center for installing the nozzle. After the nozzle is installed in the mounting hole, it extends into the spray hole through the second hole section.

[0017] Optionally, the first flange further comprises an air inlet cylinder mounted on the disk body, the air inlet cylinder is located on a side of the disk body away from the pre-filmed glass, and the air inlet cylinder is communicated with the first annular cavity to inflate the air inlet channel through the air inlet cylinder.

[0018] Optionally, the second flange has a connecting hole for connecting the second opening with the flame tube; a cooling channel is arranged in the second flange, and the cooling channel includes an inlet channel, an annular channel and an outlet channel which are interconnected, and the annular channel is arranged around the connecting hole.

[0019] Optionally, the wall surface of the connecting hole serves as a heat exchange wall surface for the cooling channel to exchange heat with the heat generated by the combustion;

[0020] The heat exchange wall surface includes a conical surface, an annular surface and a cylindrical surface arranged in sequence, the small end of the conical surface is connected to the second opening, and the opening size of the small end of the conical surface is larger than the opening size of the second opening; the large end of the conical surface is connected to the inner periphery of the annular surface, and the outer periphery of the annular surface is connected to one end of the cylindrical surface.

[0021] Optionally, a first sealing gasket is provided between the pre-filmed glass and the first flange;

[0022] A second sealing gasket is arranged between the pre-filmed glass and the second flange.

[0023] Optionally, a plug-in groove is provided on the side of the second flange away from the pre-filmed glass, and one end of the flame tube is plugged into the plug-in groove; a third sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the flame tube and the second flange, and the third sealing gasket wraps one end of the flame tube inserted into the plug-in groove.

[0024] Optionally, the flame tube is made of light-transmitting material.

[0025] Optionally, the pre-filmed glass is square.

[0026] A test system comprises a light source, an optical imaging device and the above-mentioned pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device; the pre-filming glass of the pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device has a plurality of side planes in the circumference, the light source is used to emit light directly toward one of the side planes, and the optical imaging device is used to image directly toward another of the side planes to obtain images on the side wall of the injection hole and inside the injection hole.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device and test system provided by the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0028] An embodiment of the present invention provides a pre-film atomizing nozzle test device, which includes a pre-film glass, a first flange, a second flange, and a flame tube. The pre-film glass is clamped and fixed by the first flange and the second flange, and the flame tube is installed on the side of the second flange away from the pre-film glass. The pre-film glass is provided with injection holes, and the injection holes form a first opening and a second opening on both sides of the pre-film glass. An air inlet channel communicating with the first opening is formed on the first flange, and the flame tube communicates with the second opening through the second flange. The first flange is used to install the nozzle, and the side wall of the injection hole is used to simulate the film-forming wall surface of the nozzle. The nozzle injects fuel onto the side wall of the injection hole, thereby forming an oil film on the side wall, and entering the flame tube from the second opening under the action of the air flow entering the injection hole from the air inlet channel, and burning in the inner cavity of the flame tube. Since the pre-film glass is made of glass material, the processes of liquid film formation, liquid film flow, etc. can be observed from the outside of the pre-film glass, and the detailed process of pre-film atomization can be analyzed through the observation results, thereby realizing the test of the pre-film atomizing nozzle, which helps to optimize the nozzle design.

[0029] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a test system. This test system includes the above-mentioned pre-film atomizing nozzle test device, so it also has the ability to observe the processes of liquid film formation, liquid film flow, etc., and analyze the detailed process of pre-film atomization through the observation results, thereby realizing the test of the pre-film atomizing nozzle, which helps to optimize the nozzle design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] After reading the detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the following drawings, the above features and advantages of the present invention can be better understood. In the drawings, the components are not necessarily drawn to scale, and components with similar related characteristics or features may have the same or similar reference numerals.

[0031] Figure 1 FIG. shows a schematic structural diagram of a test system provided according to an aspect of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 FIG. shows a schematic internal structural diagram of a pre-film atomizing nozzle test device provided according to an aspect of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 FIG. shows a schematic structural diagram of a pre-film atomizing nozzle test device provided according to an aspect of the present invention from another perspective;

[0034] Figure 4 FIG. shows a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of a pre-film atomizing nozzle test device provided according to an aspect of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 FIG. shows Figure 4 a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram at A-A in;

[0036] Figure 6 shows Figure 4 a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram taken along line B-B in

[0037] Figure 7 a schematic diagram showing the process of fuel atomization in the injection holes when sprayed from a nozzle provided according to one aspect of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 a schematic structural diagram showing a light source emitting light to a pre-film glass according to one aspect of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 a schematic structural diagram showing a first camera taking a pre-film according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 10 - test system; 100 - pre-film atomization nozzle test device; 110 - first flange; 111 - disc body; 1111 - first-stage protrusion; 1112 - second-stage protrusion; 1113 - first hole section; 1114 - first annular cavity; 1115 - second hole section; 1116 - second annular cavity; 112 - swirler; 1121 - swirl vane; 1122 - swirl body; 1123 - connecting portion; 1124 - air inlet hole; 1125 - swirl channel; 1126 - mounting hole; 113 - screw; 114 - air inlet cylinder; 120 - pre-film glass; 121 - injection hole; 122 - side wall; 123 - first opening; 124 - second opening; 125 - first side plane; 126 - second side plane; 127 - third side plane; 128 - fourth side plane; 130 - second flange; 131 - inlet flow channel; 132 - annular channel; 133 - outlet flow channel; 134 - communication hole; 135 - conical surface; 136 - toroidal surface; 137 - cylindrical surface; 138 - insertion slot; 140 - flame tube; 151 - first gasket; 152 - second gasket; 153 - third gasket; 154 - water inlet pipe; 155 - water outlet pipe; 156 - connecting bolt; 157 - locking nut; 161 - combustion flame; 162 - liquid film; 163 - initial liquid mist; 164 - secondary liquid mist; 165 - incoming air; 211 - light source; 212 - first camera; 213 - second camera; 214 - third camera; 215 - light ray; 216 - strong light signal; 220 - nozzle. Detailed embodiments

[0042] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Note that the aspects described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments are merely exemplary and should not be construed as imposing any limitations on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "vertical", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed during use, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0044] Meanwhile, it should be noted that if terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for differential description and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the communication inside two components, etc. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the test system 10 provided for this embodiment. Figure 2 It is an internal structural schematic diagram of the pre-film atomizing nozzle test device 100 provided for this embodiment. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 For this embodiment, a pre-film atomizing nozzle test device 100 is provided, and moreover, a test system 10 is also provided.

[0047] The test system 10 includes the pre-film atomizing nozzle test device 100. Meanwhile, the test system 10 also includes a light source 211 and an optical imaging device. The axial direction of the pre-film glass 120 of the pre-film atomizing nozzle test device 100 has a plurality of side planes. The light source 211 is used to emit light 215 facing one of the side planes, and the optical imaging device is used to image the other side plane, so as to obtain images on the side wall 122 of the injection hole 121 and inside the injection hole 121. Optionally, the light 215 emitted by the light source 211 can be a laser.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, the pre-film glass 120 is square. Correspondingly, it has four side planes, which are the first side plane 125, the second side plane 126, the third side plane 127, and the fourth side plane 128 respectively. The light source 211 emits light 215 facing the first side plane 125, so as to illuminate the injection holes 121 inside the pre-film glass 120. Optionally, the optical imaging device includes a first camera 212. The first camera 212 faces the second side plane 126, so as to photograph the formation and flow process of the liquid film 162 on the side wall 122 of the injection hole 121 through the first camera 212. By setting the pre-film glass 120 as square, the light source 211 and the first camera 212 can operate facing the plane, which helps to reduce the scattering and refraction of the exposure light source 211 and the self-light signal of the photographed object, etc., so as to ensure the accuracy of the test.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the optical imaging device uses a camera. It can be understood that in some other embodiments, other types of imaging devices can also be used. At the same time, the shape of the pre-film glass 120 is not limited here. It can be understood that in some other embodiments, the shape of the pre-film glass 120 can also be specifically set, such as hexagonal, etc.

[0050] The pre-film atomizing nozzle test device 100 includes a pre-film glass 120, a first flange 110, a second flange 130, and a flame tube 140. The pre-film glass 120 is clamped and fixed by the first flange 110 and the second flange 130. The flame tube 140 is installed on the side of the second flange 130 away from the pre-film glass 120. The pre-film glass 120 is square, and injection holes 121 are provided thereon. The injection holes 121 form a first opening 123 and a second opening 124 on both sides of the pre-film glass 120. An air inlet passage communicating with the first opening 123 is formed on the first flange 110. The flame tube 140 is communicated with the second opening 124 through the second flange 130. The first flange 110 is used to install the nozzle 220. The side wall 122 of the injection hole 121 is used to simulate the film-forming wall surface of the nozzle 220. The nozzle 220 sprays fuel onto the side wall 122 of the injection hole 121, so as to form an oil film on the side wall 122, and enter the flame tube 140 from the second opening 124 under the action of the air flow entering the injection hole 121 from the air inlet passage, and burn in the inner cavity of the flame tube 140 to form a combustion flame 161. Since the pre-film glass 120 is made of glass material, the processes such as the formation of the liquid film 162 and the flow of the liquid film 162 can be observed from outside the pre-film glass 120, and the detailed process of pre-film atomization can be analyzed through the observation results, so as to realize the test of the pre-film atomizing nozzle 220, which helps to optimize the design of the nozzle 220.

[0051] Optionally, the pre-film atomizing nozzle test device 100 further includes a connecting bolt 156 and a locking nut 157. The connecting bolt 156 is disposed through the first flange 110 and the second flange 130 and is locked by a locking bolt. Thus, under the tension of the bolt and nut, the pre-film glass 120 is clamped and fixed between the first flange 110 and the second flange 130. It can be understood that in some other embodiments, other methods may also be adopted to connect the first flange 110 and the second flange 130 according to requirements.

[0052] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the pre-film atomizing nozzle test device 100 provided in this embodiment from another perspective. Figure 4 FIG. 5 is a schematic enlarged view of a part of the structure of the pre-film atomizing nozzle test device 100 provided in this embodiment. Please refer to Figures 1 - 4 In this embodiment, the first flange 110 includes a disk body 111 and a swirler 112 detachably mounted on the disk body 111. The disk body 111 is provided with a first hole section 1113 and a second hole section 1115 that communicate with each other. The second hole section 1115 is closer to the first opening 123 than the first hole section 1113, and the aperture of the first hole section 1113 is larger than that of the second hole section 1115. That is, the through hole penetrating the disk body 111 formed by the communication of the first hole section 1113 and the second hole section 1115 is a stepped hole. The swirler 112 is installed in the first hole section 1113, and a first annular cavity 1114 is formed between the peripheral wall of the swirler 112 and the peripheral wall of the first hole section 1113. The top of the swirler 112 has a swirl vane 1121, and the swirl vane 1121 forms a swirl channel 1125. The first annular cavity 1114 communicates with the second hole section 1115 through the swirl channel 1125.

[0053] The intake passage includes the first annular cavity 1114, the swirl channel 1125, and the second hole section 1115. The incoming air 155 enters the swirl channel 1125 through the first annular cavity 1114. Under the action of the swirl vane 1121, the air flow generates swirl. After the swirl enters the injection hole 121 through the second hole section 1115, it blows the liquid film 162 on the side wall 122 of the injection hole 121 to form a liquid mist, and further droplet breakup, evaporation, and mixing with air occur under the action of the swirl.

[0054] Specifically, it includes a swirl main body 1122, and a swirl vane 1121 is provided at one end of the swirl main body 1122, as shown in Figure 5As shown, a plurality of swirling vanes 1121 are spirally distributed, and the channel between two adjacent swirling vanes 1121 is the swirling channel 1125. At the other end of the swirling body 1122, there is a connecting portion 1123. The connecting portion 1123 is a convex structure arranged on the circumference of the swirling body 1122 and extending along the radial direction of the swirling body 1122. Through this connecting portion 1123, it extends to the lower side of the disc body 111 (such as Figure 3 shown in the up-down direction), and is screwed to the disc body 111 by a screw 113 passing through the connecting portion 1123, thereby fixing the swirler 112 to the disc body 111. At the same time, an air inlet hole 1124 is provided on the connecting portion 1123, and the incoming air 155 passes through the air inlet hole 1124 and enters the first annular cavity 1114. Optionally, as Figure 3 shown, a plurality of air inlet holes 1124 distributed along the circumference of the annular cavity are provided on the connecting portion 1123, and the air inlet holes 1124 are strip-shaped holes.

[0055] On the upper side of the disc body 111, there is a stepped convex portion, and a part of the second hole section 1115 and the first hole section 1113 are formed at the convex portion. Specifically, the convex portion includes a first-step convex 1111 and a second-step convex 1112. A part of the first hole section 1113 is formed inside the first-step convex, and the second hole section 1115 is formed inside the second-step convex 1112. Moreover, the second-step convex 1112 extends into the injection hole 121 from the first opening 123 to cooperate with the injection hole 121.

[0056] Optionally, in this embodiment, the injection hole 121 is a tapered hole. Along the direction from the first opening 123 to the second opening 124, the flow area of the injection hole 121 decreases, that is, the opening size of the first opening 123 is larger than the opening size of the second opening 124. Correspondingly, the outer circumference of the second-step convex 1112 is tapered to match the wall surface of the injection hole 121, thereby ensuring accurate positioning between the first flange 110 and the pre-film glass 120, and at the same time helping to ensure the fitting accuracy at the fitting portion of the two. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the shape of the injection hole 121 can also be set according to requirements. For example, the injection hole 121 can be set as a cylindrical hole. Correspondingly, the outer peripheral surface of the second-step convex 1112 is set as a cylindrical surface 137.

[0057] Furthermore, the first flange 110 further includes an air inlet cylinder 114 mounted on the disc body 111, the air inlet cylinder 114 is located on the side of the disc body 111 away from the pre-filmed glass 120, and the air inlet cylinder 114 is communicated with the first annular cavity 1114, so that the air inlet passage is inflated through the air inlet cylinder 114. Specifically, the air inlet cylinder 114 is a cylindrical tube-shaped member, and its radial dimension is greater than the radial dimension of the connecting portion 1123, so that when the air inlet cylinder 114 is mounted on the disc body 111, the air inlet cylinder 114 surrounds the connecting portion 1123, and the internal channel of the air inlet cylinder 114 is communicated with the first annular cavity 1114 through the air inlet hole 1124 on the connecting portion 1123, and the incoming air 155 in the air inlet cylinder 114 enters the first annular cavity 1114 through the air inlet hole 1124.

[0058] The swirler 112 has a mounting hole 1126 at the center thereof for mounting the nozzle 220. After the nozzle 220 is mounted in the mounting hole 1126, it extends into the injection hole 121 through the second hole section 1115 and injects fuel into the injection hole 121. Accordingly, the portion of the nozzle 220 located in the second hole section 1115 forms a second annular cavity 1116 between the nozzle 220 and the circumference of the second hole section 1115, that is, in actual use, the air intake passage can also be regarded as including the first annular cavity 1114, the swirl passage 1125 and the second annular cavity 1116. The incoming air 155 in the air intake cylinder 114 passes through the air intake hole 1124 and then passes through the first annular cavity 1114, the swirl passage 1125 and the second annular cavity 1116 in sequence before entering the injection hole 121. Optionally, the nozzle 220 may be a centrifugal nozzle 220 that sprays conical spray, or may be a multi-hole direct-injection nozzle 220 that sprays fuel directly toward the side wall 122 of the injection hole 121 .

[0059] At the same time, since the swirler 112 is detachably connected to the disk 111, in the actual test process, by replacing different swirlers 112 and nozzle 220 structures, variable research on different airflow parameters and injection parameters can be achieved, thereby increasing the application range of the test device and reducing the cost of use.

[0060] Furthermore, in order to ensure the sealing performance between the first flange 110 and the pre-filmed glass 120, a first sealing gasket is provided between the pre-filmed glass 120 and the first flange 110. Specifically, the first sealing gasket is an annular gasket provided around the second-step protrusion 1112. When the second-step protrusion 1112 is matched with the injection hole 121, the first sealing gasket is clamped between the upper end surface of the first-step protrusion 1111 and the lower end surface of the pre-filmed glass 120. Similarly, in order to ensure the sealing performance between the second flange 130 and the pre-filmed glass 120, a second sealing gasket 152 is provided between the pre-filmed glass 120 and the second flange 130. Specifically, the second sealing gasket 152 is an annular gasket surrounding the second opening 124.

[0061] Further, a sealing groove is provided on the upper end surface of the first-stage protrusion 1111, and the first sealing gasket is installed in this sealing groove. In this embodiment, a sealing groove is provided on the lower end surface of the second flange 130, and the second sealing gasket 152 is installed in this sealing groove.

[0062] Figure 6 For Figure 4 the schematic cross-sectional structure at B-B in the figure. Please refer to Figures 1 - 6 In this embodiment, the second flange 130 has a communication hole 134 that communicates the second opening 124 with the flame tube 140. A cooling channel is provided in the second flange 130. The cooling channel includes an inlet flow channel 131, an annular channel 132, and an outlet flow channel 133 that communicate with each other. The annular flow is arranged around the communication hole 134. In this way, the cooling medium enters the annular channel 132 from the inlet flow channel 131, and then performs heat exchange around the communication hole 134 and flows out through the outlet flow channel 133. By providing this cooling channel, the heat generated by combustion in the flame tube 140 can be effectively prevented from being transferred to the pre-film glass 120.

[0063] Specifically, the pre-film atomizing nozzle test device 100 further includes a water inlet pipe 154 and a water outlet pipe 155, which are communicated with the inlet flow channel 131. Cooling water is injected into the inlet channel through the water inlet pipe 154. The cooling water absorbs heat and its temperature rises to generate hot water while exchanging heat in the annular channel 132 along the inlet flow channel 131. This hot water then enters the outlet flow channel 133 and flows out through the water outlet pipe 155 that is communicated with the main flow channel. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the cooling medium is cooling water. It can be understood that in other embodiments, other substances can also be used as the cooling medium.

[0064] The annular channel 132 is arranged around the communication hole 134. In this way, the wall surface of the communication hole 134 serves as a heat exchange wall surface for the annular channel 132 to perform heat exchange. Specifically, the heat exchange wall surface includes a conical surface 135, an annular surface 136, and a cylindrical surface 137 arranged in sequence. The conical surface 135 has a relatively small head section and a large head end. Its small head end faces the pre-film glass 120 and is thus communicated with the second opening 124. At the same time, the opening size of the small head end of the conical surface 135 is larger than the opening size of the second opening 124. The large head end of the conical surface 135 is connected to the inner circumference of the annular surface 136, and the outer circumference of the annular surface 136 is connected to one end of the cylindrical surface 137. In other words, the communication hole 134 has a conical hole section and a cylindrical hole section. The conical hole section is the part surrounded by the conical surface 135, and the cylindrical hole section is the part surrounded by the cylindrical surface 137. The annular surface 136 can be regarded as the wall surface formed by the bottom of the cylindrical hole section.

[0065] Further, on the side of the second flange 130 away from the pre-film glass 120, there is a socket groove 138, and one end of the flame tube 140 is inserted into the socket groove 138, thereby realizing the connection between the second flange 130 and the flame tube 140. A third gasket 153 is provided at the connection between the flame tube 140 and the second flange 130, and the third gasket 153 wraps the end of the flame tube 140 inserted into the socket groove 138. As Figure 4 shown, the socket groove 138 is a groove with a U-shaped cross-section, which is surrounded by three sequentially arranged wall surfaces, and the third gasket 153 covers these three wall surfaces. In this way, after the flame tube 140 is inserted into the socket groove 138, the part of the flame tube 140 located in the socket groove 138 is wrapped by the third gasket 153, effectively ensuring the connection and cooperation between the flame tube 140 and the second flange 130 while ensuring effective sealing at the mating part.

[0066] In this embodiment, the flame tube 140 is made of a light-transmitting material, so that the combustion process occurring inside the flame tube 140 can be observed through the flame tube 140, and thus the full-process observation of the fuel flow inside the nozzle 220 and the subsequent fuel combustion can be realized. Optionally, the flame tube 140 is made of quartz glass material.

[0067] In this embodiment, the test system 10 further includes a second camera 213 and a third camera 214. The second camera 213 is located on the side where the third side plane 127 is located to capture various optical signals generated by the combustion flame 161; the third camera 214 is located on the side where the fourth side plane 128 is located, and it is used to capture the film-liquid separation and fragmentation process of the liquid film 162 at the edge of the second opening 124.

[0068] When the pre-film atomizing nozzle test device 100 and the test system 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention are used, the incoming air 155 passes through the intake hole 1124 from the intake cylinder 114 and enters the first annular cavity 1114, then enters the swirl channel 1125 along the first annular cavity 1114, generates swirl under the action of the swirl vanes 1121 and enters the second annular cavity 1116, and then enters the injection hole 121 along the second annular cavity 1116. As Figure 7 shown, it shows the process of the fuel ejected from the nozzle 220 being atomized in the injection hole 121. Specifically, the nozzle 220 ejects an initial liquid mist 163, and the initial liquid mist 163 forms a liquid film 162 on the side wall 122 of the injection hole 121 of the pre-film glass 120. Under the blowing of the swirl entering the injection hole 121, the liquid film 162 moves along the side wall 122 towards the second opening 124, and the liquid film 162 separates and fragments at the edge of the second opening 124 to form a secondary liquid mist 164. The secondary liquid mist 164 undergoes further droplet fragmentation, evaporation, and mixing with air under the action of the swirl. Finally, the mixed gas burns in the flame tube 140 to generate a combustion flame 161, and the gas generated by the combustion exits from the upper side of the flame tube 140 (such asFigure 1 It is discharged from the opening in the vertical direction as shown. During the test, the light ray 215 emitted by the light source 211 perpendicularly enters the first side plane 125, illuminating the liquid film 162 flowing on the side wall 122 of the injection hole 121. The strong light signal 216 generated by the liquid film 162 is captured by the first camera 21243 (as Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown), so as to obtain the formation and flow characteristics of the liquid film 162 on the film-forming wall surface. At the same time, the third camera 214 is used to capture the process of separation and breakup of the liquid film 162 at the edge of the second opening 124, and the second camera 213 is used to capture various light signals generated by the combustion flame 161.

[0069] The pre-film atomizing nozzle test device 100 and the test system 10 can realize the optical observation of the formation, flow, and breakup processes of the liquid film 162 inside the pre-film spray nozzle 220, analyze the detailed process of pre-film atomization through the test results, and optimize the design of the nozzle 220. At the same time, after the fuel is pre-film atomized, the synchronous optical observation of the breakup, evaporation, and combustion processes of the liquid film 162 occurring downstream of the nozzle 220 realizes the acquisition of the physical and chemical parameters of the entire process of fuel atomization - combustion, which helps to improve the design of the combustion chamber. The pre-film glass 120 adopts a structure with a square outside and a round inside. When the light ray 215 enters the pre-film glass 120 and the camera captures light signals such as combustion, the scattering or refraction of light can be reduced as much as possible, improving the exposure effect and imaging quality, and ensuring the accuracy of the test.

[0070] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device, It is characterized in that The pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device comprises: Pre-filmed glass, wherein the pre-filmed glass is provided with an injection hole, wherein the injection hole penetrates the pre-filmed glass and forms a first opening and a second opening on both sides of the pre-filmed glass respectively; a first flange and a second flange, wherein the first flange and the second flange are respectively located on both sides of the pre-filmed glass so as to clamp and fix the pre-filmed glass by the first flange and the second flange; an air intake passage communicating with the first opening is formed on the first flange, and the first flange is used to install a nozzle, and the nozzle is used to inject fuel toward the side wall of the injection hole so as to simulate a film-forming wall surface of the nozzle through the side wall; and A flame tube is installed on a side of the second flange away from the pre-filmed glass, and the flame tube is connected with the second opening through the second flange, and the inner cavity of the flame tube is used for combustion of the fuel.

2. The pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The injection hole is a tapered hole, and the flow area of ​​the injection hole decreases along the direction from the first opening to the second opening; or, The injection hole is a cylindrical hole.

3. The pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first flange comprises a disc body and a swirler detachably mounted on the disc body, the disc body is provided with a first hole segment and a second hole segment which are connected to each other, the second hole segment is closer to the first opening than the first hole segment, and the aperture of the first hole segment is larger than the aperture of the second hole segment; the swirler is installed in the first hole segment, and a first annular cavity is formed between the peripheral wall of the swirler and the peripheral wall of the first hole segment, the top of the swirler is provided with swirl blades, the swirl blades form a swirl channel, and the first annular cavity is connected with the second hole segment through the swirl channel; The air inlet passage includes the first annular cavity, the swirl passage and the second hole section.

4. The pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The cyclone has a mounting hole at its center for mounting the nozzle. After the nozzle is mounted in the mounting hole, it extends into the injection hole through the second hole section.

5. The pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The first flange also includes an air inlet cylinder installed on the disk body, the air inlet cylinder is located on a side of the disk body away from the pre-filmed glass, and the air inlet cylinder is connected to the first annular cavity so as to inflate the air inlet channel through the air inlet cylinder.

6. The pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The second flange has a connecting hole for connecting the second opening with the flame tube; a cooling channel is arranged in the second flange, and the cooling channel includes an inlet channel, an annular channel and an outlet channel which are interconnected, and the annular channel is arranged around the connecting hole.

7. The pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The wall surface of the connecting hole serves as a heat exchange wall surface for the cooling channel to exchange heat with the heat generated by the combustion; The heat exchange wall surface includes a conical surface, an annular surface and a cylindrical surface arranged in sequence, the small end of the conical surface is connected to the second opening, and the opening size of the small end of the conical surface is larger than the opening size of the second opening; the large end of the conical surface is connected to the inner periphery of the annular surface, and the outer periphery of the annular surface is connected to one end of the cylindrical surface.

8. The pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A first sealing gasket is provided between the pre-filmed glass and the first flange; A second sealing gasket is arranged between the pre-filmed glass and the second flange.

9. The pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A plug-in groove is provided on the side of the second flange away from the pre-filmed glass, and one end of the flame tube is plugged into the plug-in groove; a third sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the flame tube and the second flange, and the third sealing gasket wraps one end of the flame tube inserted into the plug-in groove.

10. The pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The flame tube is made of light-transmitting material.

11. The pre-filming atomizing nozzle test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The pre-filmed glass is square.

12. A test system, It is characterized in that The test system includes a light source, an optical imaging device, and a pre-coating atomizing nozzle test device as described in any one of claims 1 to 11; the pre-coating glass of the pre-coating atomizing nozzle test device has a plurality of side planes in the circumference, the light source is used to emit light directly toward one of the side planes, and the optical imaging device is used to image directly toward another of the side planes to obtain images on the side walls of the injection hole and inside the injection hole.

Images