Gear measuring device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear measuring device and method, and relates to the field of gear measurement, and the measuring device comprises a workbench, a motion shaft, a telescopic supporting member, a first driving mechanism, a structured light measuring mechanism and a contact measuring mechanism. The light measurement and the contact measurement can give full play to complementary advantages, the light measurement can make up for the defects that the contact measurement cannot collect data in a lossless, efficient and high-density mode, cannot capture moving objects in real time and cannot achieve online quality monitoring, and the contact measurement can verify suspected defects caused by external factors such as reflection interference of the light measurement. The false alarm rate is reduced, comprehensive improvement of efficiency, precision and reliability in gear measurement is realized, the false detection rate is reduced through cross validation, and the environmental interference robustness is improved; according to the measuring method, the three rotary driving parts are adopted to drive the motion shaft to move downwards and rotate at the same time, and contact type measurement and optical measurement can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of gear measurement, and particularly to a gear measurement device and method. Background Art

[0002] Gear measurement is the main way to ensure gear quality. In the past century, the metrology of gear science has changed from simple measuring tools to mechanical generation, and then to electronic generation measurement. The form of data acquisition by the corresponding measuring devices has gradually changed from feature points and lines to the measurement of the entire tooth surface, and the requirements for the integrity and measurement efficiency of tooth surface data are getting higher and higher.

[0003] In the prior art, spherical measuring heads are generally used for contact measurement when measuring gears. The single contact measurement has the following problems: 1. In order to ensure measurement accuracy, a large number of measurement points need to be selected on the tooth surface. The speed of single-point sampling is slow, the measurement time is long, and the efficiency is low; 2. When measuring with a single probe, it may be restricted by the gear structure and cannot reach some special positions such as the tooth root, the transition arc of the tooth root, and the transition arc between the involute and the tooth tip, resulting in missing measurement data of some tooth surfaces and affecting the integrity and effectiveness of the measurement results; 3. Contact measurement cannot capture the complete tooth surface in real time, cannot realize on-line defect detection of gears, and cannot monitor gear quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a gear measurement device and method, which can achieve comprehensive and efficient measurement and reduce the false detection rate.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a gear measurement device, including: A workbench, on which a plurality of guiding mechanisms are arranged at intervals along a first direction; A moving shaft, which is arranged in the guiding mechanism, and the moving shaft can slide relative to the guiding mechanism in a second direction, and the axial direction of the moving shaft is configured as the first direction; the gear to be tested is coaxially arranged on the moving shaft; A telescopic support member, a plurality of telescopic support members are arranged at intervals along the first direction below the moving shaft, and the telescopic end of the telescopic support member is rotatably connected to the moving shaft, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic support member is configured as the second direction; A first driving mechanism, including a first rotation driving member, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a triangular transmission belt, and a sliding driving component; the first rotation driving member is arranged on the workbench, and the first gear is arranged on the output end of the first rotation driving member; the second gear is arranged on the moving shaft; the third gear is arranged on the sliding driving component; the triangular transmission belt is respectively connected to the first gear, the second gear, and the third gear; the sliding driving component is arranged on the workbench and is used to drive the third gear to move in a third direction; The structured light measurement mechanism comprises a mounting assembly and a light measuring instrument, wherein the mounting assembly is arranged on the telescopic support member; the light measuring instrument is arranged on the mounting assembly and is used for optically measuring the gear; The contact measuring mechanism comprises a contact detection needle and a lifting drive assembly. The contact detection needle is used for contact measurement of the gear; the lifting drive assembly is arranged on a workbench and is used for driving the contact detection needle to move in a second direction.

[0006] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for measuring a gear, using a gear measuring device, the measuring method comprising: Step S100: The first rotary drive member drives the motion shaft and the gear to be tested to rotate counterclockwise through the V-belt, and the optical measuring instrument emits linear structured light to the gear to measure the gear. At the same time, the second rotary drive member drives the third gear to move in the third direction and the V-belt is always kept in a tensioned state, so that the motion shaft descends in the second direction following the action of the second rotary drive member. Step S200, the gear rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle so that the tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle in the second direction, the first rotary drive member and the second rotary drive member stop working at the same time, and the gear stops descending and rotating; Step S300: The detection end of the contact detection needle rises to the tooth root position of the tooth groove under the drive of the lifting drive assembly, and then returns to step S100, the motion shaft and the gear continue to rotate and descend counterclockwise, and the contact detection needle also follows and descends, and the descending speed of the contact detection needle is greater than the descending speed of the motion shaft, so that the detection end of the contact detection needle gradually departs from the tooth groove and slides in contact with the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby measuring the first inner side surface of the tooth groove; Step S400, when the detection end of the contact detection needle descends and breaks contact with the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, if the contact detection is completed for the first inner side surfaces of all the tooth grooves on the gear, then proceed to step S500, otherwise return to step S200, so that the next tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle in the second direction; Step S500: The first rotating driving member drives the moving shaft and the gear to be tested to rotate clockwise through the V-belt, and the optical measuring instrument emits linear structured light to the gear to measure the gear, while the telescopic support member drives the moving shaft to move upward in the second direction; Step S600, the gear rotates clockwise by a certain angle so that the tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle in the second direction, the first rotary drive member and the telescopic support member stop working at the same time, and the gear stops rising and rotating; Step S700: The detection end of the contact detection needle rises to the tooth root position of the tooth groove driven by the lifting drive assembly, and then returns to step S500. The moving shaft and the gear continue to rotate clockwise and rise. At the same time, the contact detection needle also rises accordingly, and the rising speed of the moving shaft is greater than that of the contact detection needle, so that the detection end of the contact detection needle gradually deviates from the tooth groove and makes sliding contact with the second inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby measuring the second inner side surface of the tooth groove; Step S800: When the gear rises and the second inner side surface of the tooth groove is disengaged from the contact detection needle, if the measurement of the second inner side surfaces of all the tooth grooves on the gear is completed, the measurement work ends; otherwise, return to step S600 to rotate the next tooth groove of the gear to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle in the second direction.

[0007] The gear measuring device and method of the present application at least have the following beneficial effects: The measuring device of the present application integrates optical measurement and contact measurement. The optical measurement and the contact measurement can give full play to their complementary advantages. The optical measurement can make up for the deficiencies of the contact measurement that it cannot collect data without damage, efficiently, and with high density, and cannot capture moving objects in real time and cannot perform on-line quality monitoring. The contact measurement can verify the suspected defects caused by external factors such as reflection interference in the optical measurement, reduce the false alarm rate, and achieve an overall improvement in efficiency, accuracy, and reliability in gear measurement. Cross-verification reduces the misdetection rate and improves the robustness against environmental interference. The combination of the triangular drive belt and the telescopic support ensures the smooth rotation of the rotating shaft without slipping and enables the pure rolling generation measurement of the gear to be measured, and can also ensure the seismic resistance and good noise resistance of the device in terms of structure. Description of the Drawings

[0008] By reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present application. Moreover, throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the gear measuring device of the present application; Figure 2 is a partial structural diagram of the moving shaft, the guiding mechanism, and the expansion fixture; Figure 3 is a partial structural diagram of the moving shaft and the telescopic support; Figure 4 is a partial structural diagram of the moving shaft and the first drive mechanism; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the first gear, the second gear, the third gear, and the triangular drive belt; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a motion axis, a structured light measuring mechanism, and a telescopic support member; Figure 7 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a motion axis and a contact measuring mechanism; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the control system and each structure; Figure 9 It is a flowchart of the gear measurement method of the present application; Figure 10 It is a plan view of the gear to be tested in the present application; The descriptions of the reference numerals are as follows: 100, workbench; 110, guiding mechanism; 111, guiding plate; 110a, guiding space; 200, motion axis; 210, expansion fixture; 211, tensioning shaft; 220, rotary joint; 230, hose; 240, standard part; 300, telescopic support member; 310, first bearing assembly; 400, first driving mechanism; 410, first rotary driving member; 420, first gear; 430, second gear; 440, third gear; 450, triangular transmission belt; 460, sliding driving assembly; 461, second rotary driving member; 462, first lead screw; 463, first slider; 500, structured light measuring mechanism; 510, mounting assembly; 511, mounting block; 512, adjusting bolt; 513, second bearing assembly; 514, mounting bracket; 520, light measuring instrument; 600, contact measuring mechanism; 610, contact detection needle; 620, lifting driving assembly; 621, third rotary driving member; 622, second lead screw; 623, second slider; 630, displacement detector; 700, gear; 700a, tooth groove; 710, first inner side surface of the tooth groove; 720, second inner side surface of the tooth groove; 730, tooth root; 800, control system. Detailed implementation manners

[0009] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below. In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer and more understandable, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present application, rather than limiting the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the present application by showing examples of the present application.

[0010] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0011] This embodiment discloses a gear measuring device and method for measuring gears in the production and manufacturing process. First, the gear measuring device of this embodiment will be introduced.

[0012] As Figure 1 shown, the gear measuring device of this embodiment includes a workbench 100, a moving shaft 200, a telescopic support member 300, a first driving mechanism 400, a structured light measuring mechanism 500, and a contact measuring mechanism 600, specifically as follows: As Figure 2 shown, the workbench 100 is the support structure of the entire device, and the workbench 100 can be selected as a marble tabletop. A plurality of guiding mechanisms 110 are arranged on the workbench 100, and the plurality of guiding mechanisms 110 are arranged at intervals in the first direction (in this embodiment, two guiding mechanisms 110 are schematically arranged at intervals on the workbench 100). The guiding mechanism 110 is used to guide the movement of the moving shaft 200 in the second direction. Preferably in this embodiment, the guiding mechanism 110 includes two guiding plates 111 arranged at intervals in the third direction. A guiding space 110a for the moving shaft 200 to move in the second direction is formed between the two guiding plates 111. The distance between the two guiding plates 111 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the moving shaft 200, so that the moving shaft 200 can only slide and rotate relative to the guiding plate 111 in the second direction. Further preferably here, the distance between the two guiding plates 111 is 1.01 to 1.1 times the outer diameter of the moving shaft 200. Among them, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction in this embodiment are perpendicular to each other in pairs, and the second direction is configured as the height direction.

[0013] The moving shaft 200 is disposed within a guiding mechanism 110 formed by two guiding plates 111. The axial direction of the moving shaft 200 is configured as the first direction. The gear 700 to be tested is coaxially disposed on the moving shaft 200. Specifically, the end of the moving shaft 200 is inserted into the central hole of the gear. When the moving shaft 200 moves up and down in the second direction and the moving shaft 200 rotates about its own axis, the gear 700 can move up and down and rotate about its own axis following the moving shaft 200 (the moving shaft 200 and the gear 700 are connected by a key).

[0014] In this embodiment, the gear to be tested is coaxially assembled on the moving shaft 200. The axial direction of the moving shaft 200 is the horizontal direction, such that the gear 700 is in a vertical state when being measured. In traditional gear testing, the gear is placed horizontally. When the gear is placed horizontally, uneven gravity distribution caused by manufacturing errors leads to the offset of the center of gravity. Placing the gear vertically can also reduce the bending deformation in the horizontal direction caused by thermal expansion. Secondly, placing the gear vertically facilitates the optical measuring instrument 520 to capture the three-dimensional topography of the defect at the optimal incident angle. There may be adverse factors such as light occlusion when placed horizontally.

[0015] As Figure 2 shown, in some preferred embodiments, the end of the moving shaft 200 is provided with a hollow structure; the gear to be tested is coaxially disposed on the outer circumference of the end of the moving shaft 200; the tensioning shaft 211 of the expansion fixture 210 is coaxially disposed within the end of the moving shaft 200. Specifically, the central hole of the gear is sleeved on the end of the moving shaft 200, and the tensioning shaft 211 of the expansion fixture 210 (such as a hydraulic expansion fixture) is coaxially inserted into the end of the moving shaft 200. When the tensioning shaft 211 expands radially, the expansion movement of the tensioning shaft 211 causes the outer peripheral surface of the end of the moving shaft 200 to closely fit against the inner peripheral wall of the central hole of the gear, which can avoid the eccentricity problem between the moving shaft 200 and the gear.

[0016] As Figure 2 shown, the expansion fixture 210 can refer to the prior art. In this embodiment, the oil inlet end of the expansion fixture 210 is connected to one end of a rotary joint 220 through a hose 230, and the other end of the rotary joint 220 is connected to a hydraulic source. The rotary joint 220 is provided to ensure that the expansion fixture 210 can rotate about its own axis following the moving shaft 200, and the connection between the oil inlet end of the expansion fixture 210 and the rotary joint through the hose 230 is to ensure that the gear can move down smoothly.

[0017] As Figure 2As shown, in some preferred embodiments, a standard part 240 for comparison with the gear to be tested is provided on the movement axis 200. The standard part 240 is coaxially arranged on the movement axis 200 and is within the test range of the optical measuring instrument 520. Since the centroid position of the standard part is known, which is also the centroid of the gear, during the rotation and downward movement of the gear, by knowing the central position of the gear at each time point, the deviation from the theoretical value can be obtained, and then it can be compensated, thereby reducing the measurement error.

[0018] As Figure 3 shown, there are multiple telescopic support members 300. The multiple telescopic support members 300 are arranged at intervals along the first direction below the movement axis 200. Three telescopic support members 300 are illustrated in this embodiment. The telescopic ends of the telescopic support members 300 are rotatably connected to the movement axis 200, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic support members 300 is configured as the second direction; when the second rotation driving member 461 does not work, the multiple telescopic support members 300 can support the movement axis 200 to keep its height from decreasing.

[0019] As Figure 3 shown, in some preferred embodiments, the telescopic support member 300 is configured as a telescopic cylinder or a telescopic oil cylinder. When the telescopic support member 300 is selected as a device with an active telescopic function such as a telescopic cylinder or a telescopic oil cylinder, it can drive the movement axis 200 to reset upward to a predetermined height after the current gear test is completed.

[0020] As Figure 3 shown, in some preferred embodiments, a first bearing assembly 310 is provided at the telescopic end of the telescopic support member 300. The telescopic support member 300 is rotatably connected to the movement axis 200 through the first bearing assembly 310. Specifically: the telescopic end of each telescopic support member 300 is rotatably connected to the movement axis 200 through the first bearing assembly 310. Among them, the outer ring of the first bearing assembly 310 is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic support member 300, and the movement axis 200 is connected to the inner ring of the first bearing assembly 310.

[0021] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, the first driving mechanism 400 includes a first rotary driving member 410, a first gear 420, a second gear 430, a third gear 440, a triangular transmission belt 450, and a sliding driving assembly 460. The first rotary driving member 410 is configured as a motor and is disposed on the workbench 100. The first gear 420 is coaxially fixed to the output end of the first rotary driving member 410. The second gear 430 is coaxially fixed to the moving shaft 200. The third gear 440 is rotatably connected to the sliding driving assembly 460. The first gear 420, the second gear 430, and the third gear 440 are distributed in a triangle in the vertical plane. The triangular transmission belt 450 is respectively connected to the first gear 420, the second gear 430, and the third gear 440. The triangular transmission belt 450 forms a triangular closed transmission with the three gears, and the triangular transmission belt 450 is always kept in a tensioned state, which can realize the synchronous transmission of the first gear 420, the second gear 430, and the third gear 440. The sliding driving assembly 460 is disposed on the workbench 100 and is used to drive the third gear 440 to move in the third direction.

[0022] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, in this embodiment, when the sliding driving assembly 460 drives the third gear 440 to move away from the moving shaft 200 in the third direction, since the triangular transmission belt 450 is always kept in a tensioned state, the moving shaft 200 will move downward synchronously, and at the same time, the telescopic support member 300 will also contract.

[0023] It should be noted that: the contour of the gear is in the form of an involute. In gear measurement, by obtaining the involute equation, the expression of the gear contour shape can be obtained, and then the surface shape of the gear contour can be analyzed to judge whether there is an error. The involute equation of the gear is solved by the radial expansion method, and three parameters need to be obtained, namely: the descending height of the moving shaft 200, the displacement amount L of the contact detection needle 610, and the rotation angle of the gear (i.e., the rotation angle of the moving shaft 200). The descending height of the moving shaft 200 and the rotation angle of the gear can be calculated through the displacement amount of the third gear 440 in the third direction. Specifically, as Figure 5 shown in the figure, the triangular transmission belt 450 has a triangular structure, and its working principle is that the perimeters of the three sides remain unchanged. Therefore, there is a mathematical relationship between the descending height of the second gear 430 (i.e., the descending height of the moving shaft 200) and the displacement amount of the third gear 440, so as to ensure that the triangular transmission belt 450 is always in a tensioned state. Therefore, if the displacement amount of the third gear 440 is known, the descending height of the moving shaft 200 and the rotation angle of the gear can be solved. The displacement amount of the contact detection needle 610 will be described in detail later.

[0024] The involute equation can be solved through the above three parameters, and the high-precision parameter information of a cross-section of the gear can be measured. Combining with the measurement of the optical measuring instrument 520, compared with the existing coordinate measuring method and gear measuring center measuring method, the measuring efficiency is higher and the measuring range is wider. By measuring the downward movement amount of the contact detection needle 610 through the displacement detection member 630 (such as a laser interferometer), the measured data can reach the nanometer level with high precision.

[0025] As Figure 4 shown, the sliding drive assembly 460 includes a second rotary drive member 461, a first lead screw 462, and a first slider 463; the second rotary drive member 461 is disposed on the workbench 100, and the second rotary drive member 461 is configured as a servo motor. Specifically, the second rotary drive member 461 is configured as a servo motor with a rotary encoder built therein. The first lead screw 462 is rotatably disposed on the workbench 100, and the first lead screw 462 is connected to the output end of the second rotary drive member 461. The second rotary drive member 461 can drive the first lead screw 462 to rotate self. The axial direction of the first lead screw 462 is configured as the third direction; the first slider 463 is in threaded engagement with the first lead screw 462. When the first lead screw 462 rotates, the first slider 463 can move in the third direction. For example, when the second rotary drive member 461 rotates forward, the first slider 463 slides along the third direction toward the moving shaft 200, and when the second rotary drive member 461 rotates in reverse, the first slider 463 slides away from the moving shaft 200. The third gear 440 is rotatably disposed on the first slider 463, and the third gear 440 can follow the first slider 463 to move in the third direction. It can be understood that: the displacement amount of the third gear 440 in the third direction is actually the displacement amount of the first slider 463 in the third direction.

[0026] Among them, the second rotary drive member 461 is configured as a servo motor with a rotary encoder built therein. The rotary encoder can measure the rotation angle of the second rotary drive member 461, that is, the shape of the first lead screw 462 is spiral. When the second rotary drive member 461 rotates a certain angle, the first lead screw 462 drives the first slider 463 to move forward a certain distance. Therefore, the displacement amount of the first slider 463, that is, the displacement amount of the third gear 440, can be obtained through the rotation angle of the second rotary drive member 461, denoted as d. Through the constant perimeter of the three sides of the triangular transmission belt 450 and the Pythagorean theorem of a right triangle, the downward displacement amount of the second gear 430 (that is, the downward displacement amount of the moving shaft 200) can be obtained, denoted as h. Since the triangular transmission belt is always in a tensioned state and does not slip, the downward displacement amount h of the moving shaft 200 is equal to the arc length s that the moving shaft 200 has turned. Furthermore, the rotation angle θ of the moving shaft 200 (that is, the rotation angle of the gear) is equal to s / r, where r is the radius of the moving shaft 200.

[0027] As described above, by utilizing the fact that the perimeters of the three sides of the triangular drive belt 450 remain unchanged and the Pythagorean theorem of a right triangle, the downward displacement h of the moving shaft 200 and the rotation angle θ of the moving shaft 200 can be obtained through the displacement d of the third gear 440.

[0028] As Figure 6 shown in the figure, the structured light measuring mechanism 500 includes a mounting assembly 510 and a light measuring instrument 520. The mounting assembly 510 is arranged at the telescopic end of the telescopic support member 300, so that the mounting assembly 510 can descend together with the moving shaft 200. The mounting assembly 510 is rotationally connected to the moving shaft 200, so that the mounting assembly 510 will not rotate with the moving shaft 200 and interfere with the rotation of the moving shaft 200. The light measuring instrument 520 is arranged on the mounting assembly 510 and is used to emit line structured light to the gear for optical measurement of the gear.

[0029] As Figure 6 shown in the figure, preferably in this embodiment, the mounting assembly 510 includes a mounting block 511, an adjusting bolt 512, a second bearing assembly 513 and a mounting bracket 514; one end of the mounting block 511 is connected to the telescopic end of a telescopic support member 300. In this embodiment, one end of the mounting block 511 is fixedly connected to the base of the first bearing assembly 310 (specifically, the base of the first bearing assembly 310) at the upper end of a telescopic support member 300; the mounting block 511 is provided with a through mounting hole along the first direction, and the second bearing assembly 513 is arranged in the mounting hole. The moving shaft 200 passes through the inner ring of the second bearing assembly 513, and the mounting block 511 is rotationally connected to the moving shaft 200 through the second bearing assembly 513; the mounting block 511 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes communicating with the mounting hole at intervals along the circumferential direction of the moving shaft 200; the adjusting bolts 512 are threadedly connected to the threaded holes one by one; the end of the adjusting bolt 512 can abut against the outer ring of the second bearing assembly 513 in the mounting hole. By adjusting the corresponding adjusting bolt 512, the coaxiality of the second bearing assembly 513 and the mounting hole can be finely adjusted, and further the coaxiality of the moving shaft 200 and the mounting hole can be finely adjusted; one end of the mounting bracket 514 is arranged on the mounting block 511, and a plurality of light measuring instruments 520 are arranged at the other end. Real-time non-contact measurement of the gear is realized through the plurality of light measuring instruments 520 arranged on the mounting bracket 514. In some embodiments, the number of the mounting brackets 514 is two, and the two mounting brackets 514 are symmetrically arranged on the mounting block 511. At least two light measuring instruments 520 are arranged on each mounting bracket 514. The two light measuring instruments 520 are arranged on the mounting bracket 514 along the first direction. The plurality of light measuring instruments 520 can synchronously scan from different orientations, cover all key areas, eliminate blind areas and improve efficiency. The light measuring instrument 520 is preferably a line structured light measuring instrument.

[0030] As Figure 7As shown, the contact measurement mechanism 600 includes a contact detection needle 610 and a lifting drive assembly 620. The specific structure of the contact detection needle 610 can refer to the existing ball-headed measurement needle. The contact detection needle 610 is used for contact measurement of the gear. The lifting drive assembly 620 is arranged on the workbench 100 and is used to drive the contact detection needle 610 to move in the second direction. Specifically: The contact detection needle 610 is located below the gear to be tested. The contact detection needle 610 can be driven by the lifting drive assembly 620 to insert upward into the tooth groove of the gear to achieve contact measurement of the gear. The contact detection needle 610 only needs to move a displacement in one direction to measure the high-precision parameters of one cross-section of the gear; after the contact measurement of the current tooth groove, the lifting drive assembly 620 can drive the contact detection needle 610 to descend to prevent the contact detection needle 610 from interfering with the rotation and descent movement of the gear.

[0031] As Figure 7 shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the lifting drive assembly 620 includes a third rotation drive member 621, a second lead screw 622 and a second slider 623; the third rotation drive member 621 is configured as a motor, the third rotation drive member 621 is connected to the lower part of the workbench 100, and the output end of the third rotation drive member 621 is connected to the second lead screw 622; the second lead screw 622 is rotatably arranged on the workbench 100, and the axial direction of the second lead screw 622 is the second direction, that is, the height direction; the second slider 623 is threadedly connected to the second lead screw 622. When the second lead screw 622 rotates forward or backward, the second slider 623 can move up or down correspondingly. The contact detection needle 610 is arranged on the second slider 623 and can move up or down following the second slider 623.

[0032] As Figure 7 shown, in this embodiment, a displacement detector 630 is arranged on the workbench 100. The displacement detector 630 is configured as a laser interferometer. The displacement detector 630 is used to detect the displacement of the second slider 623 and the contact detection needle 610 moving in the second direction. It should be noted that to solve the involute equation of the gear, the height parameter is required, that is, the descent height h of the moving axis 200 and the displacement L of the contact detection needle 610. Subtract the descent height h of the moving axis 200 from the displacement L (subtract the descent height h from the displacement L), and then combine the angle θ of the rotation of the moving axis 200 (that is, the angle of rotation of the gear) to solve the involute equation.

[0033] It should be noted that in this embodiment, even without the displacement detector 630, the displacement L of the second slider 623 and the contact detection needle 610 can be measured. For example, the third rotary drive 621 is configured as a motor with a built-in rotary encoder, and the displacement of the second slider 623 and the contact detection needle 610 is solved by the rotation angle of the second lead screw 622. However, the laser interferometer used in this embodiment has higher measurement accuracy and can reach the nanometer level.

[0034] As Figure 8 shown, in this embodiment, the test device further includes a control system 800. The first rotary drive 410, the second rotary drive 461, the third rotary drive 621, the telescopic support 300, the optical measuring instrument 520, the contact detection needle 610, and the displacement detector 630 are all communicatively connected to the control system 800. The control system 800 is used to coordinate and control the operation of each component.

[0035] In this embodiment, the optical measuring instrument 520 has a fast measurement speed. Its function is to scan and collect the point cloud of the measured gear, and then transmit it to the control system 800 through the data transmission interface. In the control system 800, through the corresponding software, three-dimensional reconstruction is performed to display the accurate three-dimensional model of the gear. Based on this, the situation of the gear can be accurately measured, and the addendum circle, pitch, modulus, etc. of the gear can be understood. And the surface condition of the gear can be observed clearly to check whether there are cracks and to inspect the qualification of the gear. If abnormal data or point cloud is found, by combining the measurement results of the contact detection needle 610, the combination of the two can comprehensively improve the efficiency, accuracy and reliability in the measurement, and cross-validation can reduce the false detection rate. Secondly, a standard part 240 is installed on the moving axis 200. When the optical measuring instrument 520 scans the gear, it will also scan the standard part 240. The data of the gear is based on these data, and error compensation can be achieved in the computer software, and the measurement accuracy is higher.

[0036] As Figure 9 shown, in this embodiment, the control system 800 is used to coordinate and control the operation of each component and obtain the corresponding data, so as to realize intelligent and automated manufacturing.

[0037] This embodiment also discloses a method for measuring a gear. Using the gear measuring device, the measuring method includes: Step S100: The first rotary drive 410 drives the moving axis 200 and the gear 700 to be tested to rotate counterclockwise through the triangular transmission belt 450. The optical measuring instrument 520 emits line structured light to the gear for measurement. At the same time, the second rotary drive 461 drives the third gear 440 to move in the third direction and the triangular transmission belt 450 is always kept taut, so that the moving axis 200 follows the action of the second rotary drive 461 and descends in the second direction; In the above step S100, the first rotation driving member 410 drives the first gear 420 to rotate. The first gear 420 drives the second gear 430, the third gear 440, and the moving shaft 200 to rotate synchronously through the triangular transmission belt 450. The gear to be tested is installed on the moving shaft 200. Therefore, the gear rotates with the moving shaft 200, and the optical measuring instrument 520 comprehensively scans and collects the point cloud data of the gear to understand whether there are any abnormalities in the gear quality.

[0038] In the above step S100, while the first rotation driving member 410 drives the first gear 420 to rotate, the second rotation driving member 461 drives the third gear 440 to move away from the moving shaft 200 in the third direction, and the triangular transmission belt 450 is always kept in a tensioned state so that the moving shaft 200 rotates and descends in height at the same time.

[0039] In the above step S100, when the moving shaft 200 descends in height, the telescopic support member 300 can contract correspondingly. When the moving shaft 200 stops descending in height, the telescopic support member 300 can support the moving shaft 200 so that the moving shaft 200 does not descend in height and at the same time keeps the moving shaft 200 in a horizontal state.

[0040] Step S200: The gear rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle so that the tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction. The first rotation driving member 410 and the second rotation driving member 461 stop working at the same time, and the gear 700 stops descending and rotating. In the above step S200, when the moving shaft 200 rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle, the first rotation driving member 410 and the second rotation driving member 461 stop working at the same time. This certain angle is the angle between each tooth groove, that is, the angle by which the gear rotates by one tooth groove each time, so that the next tooth groove corresponds to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the height direction, so that the contact detection needle 610 can be inserted upward into the corresponding tooth groove in sequence.

[0041] Step S300: The detection end of the contact detection needle 610 rises to the tooth root position of the tooth groove driven by the lifting drive assembly 620, and then returns to step S100. The moving shaft 200 and the gear 700 continue to rotate counterclockwise and descend, and at the same time the contact detection needle 610 also follows and descends. The descending speed of the contact detection needle 610 is greater than the descending speed of the moving shaft 200 so that the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 gradually deviates from the tooth groove and slides in contact with the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby measuring the first inner side surface of the tooth groove. In the above step S300, after the gear stops descending and rotating, at this time, a tooth groove on the gear corresponds to the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction (i.e., the height direction). The third rotation driving member 621 of the lifting driving assembly 620 drives the second slider 623 and the contact detection needle 610 to move upward, so that the contact detection needle 610 is inserted into the root position of the tooth groove. Then the gear continues to rotate and descend. When the gear rotates, the contact detection needle 610 descends, and the descending speed of the contact detection needle 610 is greater than the descending speed of the gear, so as to avoid interfering with the rotation and descending movements of the gear. During the descending process of the contact detection needle 610, it slides across the first inner side surface of the tooth groove to realize the measurement of the first inner side surface of the tooth groove.

[0042] Step S400: When the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 descends and is separated from the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, if the measurement of the first inner side surface of all the tooth grooves on the gear by the contact detection needle 610 is completed, then enter step S500; otherwise, return to step S200 to rotate the next tooth groove of the gear to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction. In the above step S400, the contact detection needle 610 can slide across the first inner side surface of the tooth groove and move downward to disengage from the tooth groove. After disengaging from the tooth groove, it is necessary to judge whether the measurement of the first inner side surface of all the tooth grooves is completed. As Figure 10 shown, if the measurement of the first inner side surface of all the tooth grooves is completed, then it is necessary to enter step S500 to measure the second inner side surface of the tooth groove; otherwise, return to step S200 to rotate the gear, and the next tooth groove on the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction, so as to continue the contact measurement of the first inner side surface in the second tooth groove.

[0043] Step S500: The first rotation driving member 410 drives the moving shaft 200 and the gear 700 to be tested to rotate clockwise by the triangular transmission belt 450. The optical measuring instrument 520 emits line structured light to the gear for measurement. At the same time, the telescopic support member 300 drives the moving shaft 200 to move upward in the second direction. In this embodiment, steps S100 to S400 are used to measure the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, and steps S500 to S800 are used to measure the second inner side surface of the tooth groove. Among them, when measuring the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, the gear and the contact detection needle 610 move downward, while when measuring the second inner side surface of the tooth groove, the gear and the contact detection needle 610 move upward.

[0044] Step S600: The gear rotates clockwise by a certain angle so that the tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction. The first rotation drive member 410 and the telescopic support member 300 stop working simultaneously, and the gear 700 stops rising and self-rotating. In the above step S600, the gear rotates clockwise to make the tooth root of the tooth groove rotate to the position directly opposite to the contact detection needle. The angle of each rotation is similar to the principle in step S200, that is, the gear rotates by the angle of one tooth groove each time, so that the next tooth groove corresponds to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the height direction, facilitating the contact detection needle 610 to sequentially insert upward into the corresponding tooth groove.

[0045] Step S700: The detection end of the contact detection needle 610 rises to the tooth root position of the tooth groove driven by the lifting drive assembly 620, and then returns to step S500. The moving shaft 200 and the gear 700 continue to rotate clockwise and rise. At the same time, the contact detection needle 610 also rises accordingly, and the rising speed of the moving shaft 200 is greater than the rising speed of the contact detection needle 610, so that the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 gradually deviates from the tooth groove and slides in contact with the second inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby measuring the second inner side surface of the tooth groove. In the above step S700, the gear and the contact detection needle 610 move upward together, but the rising speed of the moving shaft 200 is greater than the rising speed of the contact detection needle 610, so that the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 can slide across the second inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby realizing the measurement of the second inner side surface.

[0046] Step S800: When the gear 700 rises and the second inner side surface of the tooth groove is separated from the contact detection needle 610, if the contact detection needle 610 has completed the measurement of the second inner side surfaces of all the tooth grooves on the gear, the measurement work ends; otherwise, return to step S600 to make the next tooth groove of the gear rotate to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction.

[0047] In step S800, step S800 is similar to step S400. When the measurement of the second inner side surfaces of all the tooth grooves is completed, the measurement of the first inner side surface and the second inner side surface of all the tooth grooves is completed. At this time, the measurement is completed; otherwise, it is necessary to return to step S600 to continue measuring the second inner side surface of the next tooth groove.

[0048] In this embodiment, after the measurement is completed, in the control system 800, there are both the data measured by the optical measuring instrument 520 and the data measured by the contact detection needle 610. By comparing the two groups of measurement data, making full use of the advantages of data redundancy, cross-verifying to reduce the false detection rate, and through the mode of "global rapid screening + local precise verification", the detection efficiency, accuracy and reliability of the gear are improved.

[0049] As described above, the above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, modules, and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated herein. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A gear measuring device, characterized in that: include: A workbench (100), wherein the workbench (100) is provided with a plurality of guide mechanisms (110) at intervals along a first direction; A motion shaft (200) is disposed in the guide mechanism (110), and the motion shaft (200) is capable of sliding in a second direction relative to the guide mechanism (110), and the axial direction of the motion shaft (200) is configured as a first direction; the gear (700) to be tested is coaxially disposed on the motion shaft (200); A telescopic support member (300), wherein a plurality of telescopic support members (300) are arranged below the motion shaft (200) at intervals along a first direction, a telescopic end of the telescopic support member (300) is rotatably connected to the motion shaft (200), and a telescopic direction of the telescopic support member (300) is configured as a second direction; The first driving mechanism (400) comprises a first rotating driving member (410), a first gear (420), a second gear (430), a third gear (440), a V-belt (450) and a sliding driving assembly (460); the first rotating driving member (410) is arranged on the workbench (100), and the first gear (420) is arranged on the output end of the first rotating driving member (410); the second gear (430) is arranged on the motion shaft (200); the third gear (440) is arranged on the sliding driving assembly (460); the V-belt (450) is respectively connected to the first gear (420), the second gear (430) and the third gear (440); the sliding driving assembly (460) is arranged on the workbench (100) and is used to drive the third gear (440) to move in a third direction; A structured light measurement mechanism (500) comprises a mounting assembly (510) and a light measuring instrument (520), wherein the mounting assembly (510) is arranged on a telescopic support member (300); and the light measuring instrument (520) is arranged on the mounting assembly (510) and is used to perform optical measurement on a gear; The contact measurement mechanism (600) comprises a contact detection needle (610) and a lifting drive assembly (620). The contact detection needle (610) is used to perform contact measurement on a gear. The lifting drive assembly (620) is arranged on a workbench (100) and is used to drive the contact detection needle (610) to move in a second direction.

2. The gear measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide mechanism (110) comprises two guide plates (111) arranged at intervals along a third direction, and a guide space (110a) for the moving shaft (200) to move in the second direction is formed between the two guide plates (111); wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction intersect perpendicularly in pairs.

3. The gear measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the moving shaft (200) is arranged as a hollow structure; the gear (700) to be tested is coaxially arranged on the outer circumference of the end of the moving shaft (200); and the tensioning shaft (211) of the expansion fixture (210) is coaxially arranged inside the end of the moving shaft (200).

4. The gear measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic support member (300) is configured as a telescopic air cylinder or a telescopic oil cylinder; a first bearing assembly (310) is provided at the telescopic end of the telescopic support member (300); the telescopic support member (300) is rotatably connected to the motion shaft (200) via the first bearing assembly (310); and the mounting assembly (510) is connected to the first bearing assembly (310).

5. The gear measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The sliding drive assembly (460) includes a second rotating drive member (461), a first screw rod (462) and a first slider (463); the second rotating drive member (461) is arranged on the workbench (100); the first screw rod (462) is connected to the output end of the second rotating drive member (461), and the axial direction of the first screw rod (462) is configured as a third direction; the first slider (463) is threadedly matched with the first screw rod (462), and the first screw rod (462) is used to drive the first slider (463) to move in the third direction; the third gear (440) is rotatably arranged on the first slider (463).

6. The gear measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting assembly (510) comprises a mounting block (511), an adjusting bolt (512), a second bearing assembly (513) and a mounting bracket (514); one end of the mounting block (511) is connected to the telescopic end of a telescopic support member (300); the mounting block (511) is provided with a through mounting hole along a first direction, and the second bearing assembly (513) is arranged in the mounting hole; the motion shaft (200) passes through the second bearing assembly (513); the mounting block (511) is provided with a plurality of threaded holes connected to the mounting hole along the circumference of the motion shaft (200); the adjusting bolts (512) are threadedly connected to the threaded holes in a one-to-one correspondence; one end of the mounting bracket (514) is provided on the mounting block (511), and a plurality of the light measuring instruments (520) are arranged on the other end.

7. The gear measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting drive assembly (620) comprises a third rotating drive member (621), a second screw rod (622) and a second slider (623); the third rotating drive member (621) is connected to the workbench (100), and the output end of the third rotating drive member (621) is connected to the second screw rod (622); the second screw rod (622) is rotatably arranged on the workbench (100), and the axial direction of the second screw rod (622) is arranged in a second direction; the second slider (623) is threadedly connected to the second screw rod (622); and the contact detection needle (610) is arranged on the second slider (623).

8. The gear measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The workbench (100) is provided with a displacement detection member (630) for detecting the displacement of the second sliding block (623) moving in the second direction.

9. The gear measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The device also includes a control system (800), wherein the first rotary drive member (410), the second rotary drive member (461), the third rotary drive member (621), the telescopic support member (300), the optical measuring instrument (520), the contact detection needle (610), and the displacement detection member (630) are all communicatively connected to the control system (800).

10. A method for measuring a gear, characterized in that: Using the gear measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the measuring method comprises: Step S100: The first rotating driving member (410) drives the moving shaft (200) and the gear (700) to be tested to rotate counterclockwise via the V-belt (450); the light measuring instrument (520) emits line structured light to the gear to measure the gear; and at the same time, the second rotating driving member (461) drives the third gear (440) to move in the third direction and the V-belt (450) is always kept in a tensioned state, so that the moving shaft (200) descends in the second direction following the action of the second rotating driving member (461); Step S200, the gear is rotated counterclockwise by a certain angle so that the tooth groove of the gear is rotated to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) in the second direction, the first rotation driving member (410) and the second rotation driving member (461) stop working at the same time, and the gear (700) stops descending and rotating; Step S300: the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) rises to the tooth root position of the tooth groove under the drive of the lifting drive assembly (620), and then returns to step S100, the motion shaft (200) and the gear (700) continue to rotate and descend counterclockwise, and the contact detection needle (610) also follows the descent, and the descent speed of the contact detection needle (610) is greater than the descent speed of the motion shaft (200), so that the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) gradually moves away from the tooth groove and slides in contact with the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby measuring the first inner side surface of the tooth groove; Step S400, when the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) descends and loses contact with the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, if the contact detection needle (610) has completed measuring the first inner side surfaces of all the tooth grooves on the gear, then proceed to step S500; otherwise, return to step S200, so that the next tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) in the second direction; Step S500: the first rotating driving member (410) drives the moving shaft (200) and the gear to be tested (700) to rotate clockwise via the V-belt (450); the optical measuring instrument (520) emits linear structured light to the gear to measure the gear; and at the same time, the telescopic supporting member (300) drives the moving shaft (200) to move upward in the second direction; Step S600, the gear is rotated clockwise by a certain angle so that the tooth groove of the gear is rotated to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) in the second direction, the first rotary drive member (410) and the telescopic support member (300) stop working at the same time, and the gear (700) stops rising and rotating; Step S700: the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) rises to the tooth root position of the tooth groove under the drive of the lifting drive assembly (620), and then returns to step S500, the motion shaft (200) and the gear (700) continue to rotate and rise clockwise, and the contact detection needle (610) also rises accordingly, and the rising speed of the motion shaft (200) is greater than the rising speed of the contact detection needle (610), so that the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) gradually moves away from the tooth groove and slides in contact with the second inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby measuring the second inner side surface of the tooth groove; Step S800, when the gear (700) rises and the second inner side surface of the tooth groove is out of contact with the contact detection needle (610), if the contact detection needle (610) has completed measuring the second inner side surfaces of all the tooth grooves on the gear, the measurement work is completed, otherwise, the process returns to step S600, so that the next tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) in the second direction.

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