Device and method for measuring content of particle impurities in pipeline through self-adaptive microwave resonance

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for measuring the content of particle impurities in a pipeline through self-adaptive microwave resonance, the device comprises a resonant cavity system, a high-speed camera, a frequency sweeping circuit, a signal generator, a signal receiver, a signal processing circuit and a central processor, the resonant cavity system comprises a microwave resonant cavity and a resonance probe; the two sides of the microwave resonant cavity are each provided with a resonance probe, and each resonance probe goes deep into the microwave resonant cavity. The high-speed camera is used for shooting image data of to-be-measured fluid in the microwave resonant cavity in real time; the signal generator is used for exciting a resonance probe to carry out a sweep frequency test; the other resonance probe is used for receiving a microwave signal; the central processing unit is used for determining the properties of impurities carried by the to-be-detected fluid, selecting an optimal detection frequency band and adjusting the generation of a microwave signal of the signal generator; the signal receiver is used for receiving the microwave signal; and the signal processing circuit is used for determining content information corresponding to the properties of the impurities carried by the fluid to be detected. The system can be widely applied to the field of natural gas pipe networks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of natural gas pipelines, and particularly to a device and method for adaptively measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by microwave resonance. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of natural gas pipelines, particulate matter in the micron size range usually exists in the pipelines. According to different physical and chemical mechanisms, these particulate matters are mainly divided into two categories: (1) The main form of solid particulate matter in natural gas pipelines is black powder (black dust). Although there are slight differences in its formation mechanism, chemical composition, and particle size in different pipelines, its main cause is chemical or microbial corrosion and oxidation. That is, the main component of black dust is a mixed oxide mainly composed of iron oxide. (2) The liquid particulate matter in natural gas pipelines mainly refers to water and oils (condensate or lubricating oil), which are mainly caused by incomplete purification of process gas or generated during the processes of pressurization and cooling. These seemingly tiny particulate matters not only reduce the quality of natural gas but also contaminate and wear core components such as compressors and gas turbines. If deposited on the inner wall of the pipeline, it will reduce the gathering and transportation efficiency, resulting in production losses and expensive cleaning and maintenance costs.

[0003] Although various filtration and separation devices are installed at compressor stations along long-distance natural gas pipelines to remove most of the particulate impurities in natural gas, the design and evaluation of separation devices remain a problem. When the particulate concentration increases significantly, it is likely to cause problems such as clogging of filtration and separation devices, failure of filter elements, and penetration of impurities, seriously threatening the operation safety of key equipment such as downstream compressors and gas turbines and pipelines. If the concentration of particulate matter in natural gas pipelines can be monitored in real time, it can provide technical references for decisions such as replacing filter elements, using filter elements with appropriate precision, or adding filtration and separation devices.

[0004] At present, there are many measurement methods for particulate matter concentration in gas pipelines, including but not limited to the beta-ray method, light transmission method, light scattering method, image inversion method, ultrasonic Doppler method, electrostatic method, etc. Among them, the light scattering method, as the oil and gas industry standard SY / T6892-2012 "Detection Method of Dust in Natural Gas Pipelines", has been verified and applied in some oil fields. However, the existing optical scattering method can only measure the concentration at an extremely short cross-section and cannot reflect the actual concentration within the entire measurement pipe section. At present, there are monitoring devices that can measure the concentration of particulate impurities in gas pipelines under high-pressure environments. They use a scattered light collection system to collect the scattered light of the light path and the scattered light of the reflection light path respectively, and jointly invert to measure the particulate matter concentration. However, although this method optimizes the light scattering method, the further development of this technology is hindered by problems such as susceptibility to window contamination, poor pressure-bearing capacity of optical windows, and inability to operate in the long term. Therefore, it is particularly crucial to study a real-time online detection device for particulate matter in pipelines and accurately detect the particulate matter concentration without disturbing the normal flow of natural gas in the pipeline. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for adaptively measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by microwave resonance, which can accurately detect the particulate matter concentration without disturbing the normal flow of natural gas in the pipeline.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, a device for adaptively measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by microwave resonance is provided, including a resonance cavity system, a high-speed camera, a frequency-sweeping circuit, a signal generator, a signal receiver, a signal processing circuit, and a central processor. Among them, the resonance cavity system includes a microwave resonance cavity and a resonance probe;

[0007] A fluid flow region is arranged in the microwave resonance cavity, and one end of the fluid flow region is connected to a natural gas pipeline; coaxial interfaces are arranged on both sides of the microwave resonance cavity, and a resonance probe is arranged at each coaxial interface, and each resonance probe extends into the microwave resonance cavity; the high-speed camera is fixedly arranged at the front end of the microwave resonance cavity;

[0008] The high-speed camera is used to capture image data of the fluid to be measured in the microwave resonance cavity in real time;

[0009] The signal generator is used to emit a microwave signal under the driving action of the frequency-sweeping circuit to excite the resonance probe on one side of the microwave resonance cavity for frequency-sweeping testing;

[0010] The resonance probe on the other side of the microwave resonance cavity is used to receive the microwave signal and transmit it to the central processor;

[0011] The central processing unit is configured to determine the nature of impurities carried by the fluid to be measured based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera and the microwave signals transmitted by the resonant probe, select the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signals as the optimal detection frequency band, and based on the optimal detection frequency band, adjust the microwave signal generation of the signal generator so that the signal generator re-measures the fluid to be measured based on the adjusted microwave signals;

[0012] The signal receiver is configured to receive the microwave signals after the re-measurement and send them to the signal processing circuit;

[0013] The signal processing circuit is configured to convert the microwave signals into the results of electromagnetic parameters and determine the content information corresponding to the nature of impurities carried by the fluid to be measured.

[0014] Further, the central processing unit includes:

[0015] A microwave measurement database for pre-storing the response changes of the microwave resonator to the impurity content when carrying different types of impurities at different flow rates, the optimal detection frequency bands corresponding to fluids carrying different types of impurities, the electromagnetic parameter changes of each detection frequency band after "address code" compilation, and the relationship between the electromagnetic parameter changes of each "address code" and the content of the corresponding type of impurity;

[0016] A microwave signal processing system for performing "address code" comparison and determination based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database to obtain the nature of impurities carried by the fluid to be measured, and performing analysis and processing based on the received microwave signals and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database to select the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signals as the optimal detection frequency band;

[0017] An adaptive adjustment unit for adjusting the "address code" corresponding to the operating frequency band of the signal matching and transmitting unit according to the optimal detection frequency band;

[0018] The signal matching and transmitting unit is configured to adjust the frequency range and frequency step of the frequency sweep signal provided by the frequency sweep circuit according to the adjusted "address code", and further adjust the microwave signal generation of the signal generator.

[0019] Further, the signal processing circuit includes:

[0020] A high-pass filter circuit for performing high-pass filtering on the microwave signals output by the signal receiver to filter out the low-frequency clutter signals mixed in the output signals;

[0021] A low-pass filter circuit for performing low-pass filtering on the microwave signals after high-pass filtering to filter out the high-frequency interference signals in the signals;

[0022] An amplifier circuit for amplifying the low-pass filtered microwave signal to obtain an amplified microwave signal;

[0023] A signal processing module for converting the amplified microwave signal into the result of electromagnetic parameters;

[0024] A matching module for matching and comparing the relationship between the change of electromagnetic parameters of each "address code" in the microwave measurement database and the content of corresponding types of impurities with the result of electromagnetic parameters, so as to obtain the content information corresponding to the nature of impurities carried by the fluid to be measured.

[0025] Further, if the nature of the impurities carried by the gas to be measured is a complex mixture and the "address code" cannot be matched through the data stored in the microwave measurement database, the matching module selects two closest "address codes", calculates the matching of the impurity content with the microwave signal simultaneously, and takes the average value as the content information corresponding to the nature of impurities carried by the fluid to be measured.

[0026] Further, the two resonant probes are arranged in an "I" shape and are bent towards the side wall of the microwave resonant cavity after entering the microwave resonant cavity from the coaxial interface.

[0027] Further, the optimal diameters and the penetration depths of the two resonant probes are determined based on the average value of the corresponding induced current density and the maximum deviation degree of the induced current density value.

[0028] On the other hand, a method for adaptively measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by microwave resonance is provided, including:

[0029] Starting from the gas inlet side of the natural gas pipeline in the resonant cavity system, introducing the fluid to be measured, a high-speed camera takes real-time image data of the fluid to be measured in the microwave resonant cavity, records the state of the fluid to be measured in the microwave resonant cavity, and sends the captured image data to the central processing unit;

[0030] The signal generator emits a microwave signal under the driving action of the frequency sweeping circuit to excite the resonant probe located on one side of the microwave resonant cavity for frequency sweeping test;

[0031] The resonant probe located on the other side of the microwave resonant cavity receives the microwave signal and transmits it to the central processing unit;

[0032] The central processing unit determines the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera and the microwave signal transmitted by the resonant probe, selects the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band, and based on the optimal detection frequency band, adjusts the microwave signal generation of the signal generator so that the signal generator 4 measures the fluid to be measured again based on the adjusted microwave signal;

[0033] The signal receiver receives the microwave signal after re-measurement and sends it to the signal processing circuit;

[0034] The signal processing circuit converts the microwave signal into the result of electromagnetic parameters and determines the content information corresponding to the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured.

[0035] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0036] Before the measurement work starts, a microwave measurement database is established, which pre-stores the response changes of the microwave resonator to the impurity content when carrying different types of impurities at different flow rates, the optimal detection frequency bands corresponding to the fluids carrying different types of impurities, the electromagnetic parameter changes of each detection frequency band after "address code" compilation, and the relationship between the content of the corresponding type of impurities.

[0037] Furthermore, the central processor determines the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera and the microwave signal transmitted by the resonant probe, selects the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band, and based on the optimal detection frequency band, adjusts the microwave signal generation of the signal generator so that the signal generator re-measures the fluid to be measured based on the adjusted microwave signal, including:

[0038] The microwave signal processing system performs "address code" comparison and determination based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database, obtains the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured, and performs analysis and processing based on the received microwave signal and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database, and selects the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band;

[0039] The adaptive adjustment unit adjusts the "address code" corresponding to the working frequency band of the signal matching and transmitting unit according to the optimal detection frequency band;

[0040] The signal matching and transmitting unit adjusts the frequency range and frequency step of the sweep signal provided by the sweep circuit according to the adjusted "address code", and further adjusts the microwave signal generation of the signal generator.

[0041] Furthermore, the microwave signal processing system performs "address code" comparison and determination based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database, obtains the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured, and performs analysis and processing based on the received microwave signal and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database, and selects the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band, including:

[0042] The microwave signal processing system performs "address code" comparison and determination based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database, and obtains the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured;

[0043] When it is determined that the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured is a single impurity, the microwave signal processing system analyzes and processes based on the received microwave signal and the data stored in the microwave measurement database, and selects the detection frequency band with the largest resonance frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band;

[0044] When it is determined that the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured is not a single impurity, the microwave signal processing system analyzes and processes based on the received microwave signal and the data stored in the microwave measurement database, and re-detects at the detection frequency bands where different peak positions are located in the entire microwave signal.

[0045] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0046] 1. The present invention can jointly measure the particulate matter concentration by using two parameters, namely the resonance frequency offset and the change in the magnitude of S11, which can avoid errors in the final result caused by errors in only one parameter. The two groups of parameters are compared with each other, and the error tolerance rate is high.

[0047] 2. The present invention intelligentizes the existing microwave testing. Under different actual measurement conditions, specific comparison measurements are carried out for different impurity conditions, and the generation and appearance of impurities can be quickly discovered from the changes in the images, and quickly located and analyzed.

[0048] 3. The present invention can adaptively select the specific frequency band where the peak changes, and further perform concentration inversion measurement on the detected frequency band with such changes, and the applicable range is relatively wide.

[0049] 4. The present invention uses finite element simulation software to perform coupling tests on the resonance probe, finds the best parameters suitable for actual testing, enables the entire measurement system to better detect the changes in the pollutant concentration in the pipeline, and improves the system testing accuracy.

[0050] 5. Based on a large database, the present invention detects the content of impurities in the impurity-containing fluid through an adaptive resonance method, and after confirming the impurities through the inversion of the resonance frequency, retrieves the corresponding high-frequency detection frequency band in the database to measure the impurities accurately, so that microwave detection can be widely applied in the detection of various types of and low-content impurity-containing fluids.

[0051] 6. The present invention also proposes an optimized resonance cavity scheme, which provides further guidance for the optimization of resonance cavities of different sizes.

[0052] In summary, the present invention can be widely applied in the field of natural gas pipeline networks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same components. In the drawings:

[0054] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a resonant cavity system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall usage process of the system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the resonant cavity of an "L"-shaped resonant probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an "I"-shaped resonant probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the size structure of a resonant probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 is the diameter R of the resonant probe c and the penetration depth Q of the resonant probe c when changing, it is a schematic diagram of the change law of the S11 parameter, where Figure 6 (a) is a schematic diagram of the change law of the S11 parameter when the diameter R of the resonant probe c changes, Figure 6 (b) is a schematic diagram of the change law of the S11 parameter when the penetration depth Q of the resonant probe c changes;

[0060] Figure 7 is R provided by an embodiment of the present invention c 、Q c when changing, it is a schematic diagram of the change law of the evaluation index, where Figure 7 (a) is the average value of the induced current density with respect to Q c changing, Figure 7 (b) is the maximum deviation of the induced current density with respect to R c changing, Figure 7 (c) is the average value of the induced current density with respect to Q c changing, Figure 7 (d) is the maximum deviation of the induced current density with respect to Q c changing;

[0061] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the method flow provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the single-parameter fitting curve of the S11 amplitude provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the single-parameter fitting curve of the S11 phase provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0064] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present invention can be completely conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0065] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific exemplary embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms "comprising", "including", "containing", and "having" are inclusive and thus specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the particular order described or illustrated, unless the order of performance is explicitly stated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0066] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first" and "second" and other numerical terms used herein do not imply an order or sequence. Thus, the first element, component, region, layer, or section discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0067] Natural gas usually utilizes long-distance pipelines to complete resource allocation and utilization. However, particulate impurities in the pipelines not only seriously affect the quality of natural gas but also cause damage to the core gathering and transportation components. In fact, during the gathering and transportation of natural gas, the sources of particulate impurities in the pipelines are complex and their compositions are variable. Even though the filtration and separation devices along the pipeline have completed partial filtration, it is still difficult to completely remove the particulate impurities. More critically, the concentration of particulate impurities in the gathering and transportation pipelines reflects the integrity and corrosion damage of this section of the gathering and transportation pipeline. If no measures are taken in a timely manner, it is extremely easy to cause pipeline blockage and even safety accidents. If the concentration of particulate matter in the natural gas pipeline can be monitored in real time, the actual operating status of the natural gas pipeline can be accurately grasped, providing strong support for establishing a pipeline cleanliness model and ensuring the safe operation of the pipeline network. For the existing measurement method - the solid-phase concentration detection method of gas-solid two-phase flow based on a microwave resonator sensor, constructing a microwave sensor through the optimization of the pipe diameter, defining the normalized resonance frequency and establishing its relationship with the solid-phase concentration are not applicable to different impurities under actual working conditions, such as dust and soil. For the wide-band direct measurement method, due to the too high bandwidth of the frequency band, the curves reflected by each impurity on the frequency sweep image are complex and difficult to distinguish. It is difficult to continuously track and monitor the specific changes in their concentration content, and the most easily identified peak points will show differences due to the wide frequency band. Therefore, the solid-phase detection method of gas-solid two-phase flow based on a microwave resonator sensor is only applicable to gas-solid two-phase flow containing only a single impurity. Generally speaking, in the frequency diagram, the peak changes of the curve are the most easily captured and recorded. Select the peak points of different types of impurities in the frequency diagram as the monitoring points, and define the concentration content of this type of impurity by the change amount of this monitoring point, then the changes in the content of different types of impurities can be accurately distinguished. Further, since the frequency bands where the peaks of the frequency diagrams of different types of impurities are located are different, before the test, if the frequency bands where the peaks of different types of impurities are located in the frequency diagram are known, the unknown components of different types of impurities in the gas-solid two-phase flow can be determined by matching the peak positions on the actual detection curve with the known information, realizing more accurate detection of the impurity components and contents in the more complex gas-solid two-phase fluid. To sum up, the simple solid-phase concentration measurement method based on a microwave resonator sensor cannot meet the measurement requirements when fluids containing different impurities pass through the pipeline.Therefore, an apparatus for adaptively measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by microwave resonance according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized by comprising a resonance cavity system, a high-speed camera, a frequency-sweeping circuit, a signal generator, a signal receiver, a signal processing circuit, and a central processor. Among them, the resonance cavity system includes a microwave resonance cavity and resonance probes; a fluid flow region is arranged in the microwave resonance cavity, and one end of the fluid flow region is connected to a natural gas pipeline; coaxial interfaces are arranged on both sides of the microwave resonance cavity, and a resonance probe is arranged at each coaxial interface, and each resonance probe extends into the microwave resonance cavity; the high-speed camera is used for taking image data of the fluid to be measured in the microwave resonance cavity in real time; the signal generator is used for emitting a microwave signal under the driving action of the frequency-sweeping circuit to excite the resonance probe on one side of the microwave resonance cavity for frequency-sweeping testing; the resonance probe on the other side of the microwave resonance cavity is used for receiving the microwave signal and transmitting it to the central processor; the central processor is used for determining the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured based on the image data taken by the high-speed camera and the microwave signal transmitted by the resonance probe, selecting the detection frequency band with the largest resonance frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band, and based on the optimal detection frequency band, adjusting the microwave signal generation of the signal generator so that the signal generator measures the fluid to be measured again based on the adjusted microwave signal; the signal receiver is used for receiving the microwave signal after the re-measurement and sending it to the signal processing circuit; the signal processing circuit is used for converting the microwave signal into the result of electromagnetic parameters and determining the content information corresponding to the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured. The present invention can realize determining the impurity type by comparing with the corresponding impurity type frequency band information in the database, and further shortening the step frequency band detection to achieve the purpose of improving the measurement accuracy by detecting the corresponding impurities in the gas-solid two-phase fluid using the optimal detection frequency band matched with different impurities. Since the resonance frequency of the resonance cavity system is not unique, the present invention can select the resonance frequency point of a specific detection frequency band and autonomously select the optimal detection frequency band. When measuring particulate impurities with different physical properties, the present invention can also match the best test frequency point.

[0068] Embodiment 1

[0069] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, an apparatus for adaptively measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by microwave resonance according to this embodiment includes a hardware part and a software part. Among them, the hardware part includes a mail system mainly composed of a resonance cavity system 1, a high-speed camera 2, a frequency-sweeping circuit 3, a signal generator 4, a signal receiver 5, and a signal processing circuit 6, and the software part includes a software system mainly composed of a central processor 7. The resonance cavity system 1 includes a microwave resonance cavity 11, resonance probes 12, and coaxial interfaces 13, and the central processor 7 includes a microwave measurement database 71, a microwave signal processing system 72, an adaptive adjustment unit 73, and a signal matching and transmitting unit.

[0070] A fluid flow area 14 is provided in the microwave resonant cavity 11, and one end of the fluid flow area 14 is connected to a natural gas pipeline 15. Both ends of the microwave resonant cavity 11 are sealed by sealing screws 16. A coaxial interface 13 is provided on both sides of the microwave resonant cavity 11, and a resonant probe 12 is provided at each coaxial interface 13, and each resonant probe 12 is deeply inserted into the microwave resonant cavity 11. A high-speed camera 2 is fixedly provided at the front end of the microwave resonant cavity 11.

[0071] The microwave measurement database 71 is used to pre-store the response changes of the microwave resonant cavity 11 to the impurity content when carrying different types of impurities at different flow rates, the optimal detection frequency bands corresponding to fluids carrying different types of impurities, each detection frequency band after the "address code" is compiled (to facilitate the timely call of the optimal detection frequency band for measurement after identifying the impurity type) and the relationship between the electromagnetic parameter changes of each "address code" and the content of the corresponding type of impurities, among which the response changes are mainly electromagnetic parameters, including the change in the resonant frequency offset and the S11 parameter amplitude.

[0072] The high-speed camera 2 is used to capture the image data of the fluid to be measured in the microwave resonance cavity 11 in real time, record the state of the fluid to be measured in the microwave resonance cavity 11, determine the fluid flow state and particulate impurity type in the natural gas pipeline by image recognition, and send the captured image data to the microwave signal processing system 72 to assist in establishing the microwave measurement database 71.

[0073] The frequency sweep circuit 3 is used to provide a frequency sweep signal, which is equivalent to a signal including the "address code" of all detection frequency bands. The corresponding frequency sweep signal is formed by setting the input initial frequency, end frequency and frequency interval.

[0074] The signal generator 4 is used to emit a sweep frequency signal under the driving action of the sweep frequency circuit 3 to stimulate the resonant probe 12 located at one side of the microwave resonant cavity 11 to perform a sweep frequency test in a wide range and frequency band, wherein the signal generator 4 emits a microwave signal.

[0075] The resonant probe 12 located at the other side of the microwave resonant cavity 11 is used to receive the microwave signal and transmit it to the microwave signal processing system 72 .

[0076] The microwave signal processing system 72 is used to compare and determine the "address code" based on the image data taken by the high-speed camera 2 and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database 71, so as to obtain the properties of impurities carried by the fluid to be tested, and to perform analysis and processing based on the received microwave signal and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database 71, and select the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band, i.e., the optimal "address code".

[0077] The adaptive adjustment unit 73 is used to adjust the "address code" corresponding to the operating frequency band of the signal matching and transmitting unit according to the optimal detection frequency band.

[0078] The signal matching and transmitting unit is used to adjust the frequency range and frequency step of the frequency-swept signal provided by the frequency-swept circuit 3 according to the adjusted "address code", and then adjust the signal generation of the signal generator 4, so that the signal generator 4 emits a frequency-swept signal based on the frequency range and frequency step of the frequency-swept signal provided by the frequency-swept circuit 3 after being adjusted by the signal matching and transmitting unit to measure the fluid to be measured again.

[0079] The signal receiver 5 is used to receive the microwave signal after the re-measurement and send it to the signal processing circuit 6.

[0080] The signal processing circuit 6 is used to convert the microwave signal into the result of electromagnetic parameters, and obtain the content information corresponding to the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured based on the relationship between the change of electromagnetic parameters of each "address code" in the microwave measurement database 71 and the content of the corresponding type of impurities.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the hardware part further includes a data display unit 8 for displaying electromagnetic parameters.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, when the fluid to be measured in the natural gas pipeline is complex and the existing detection frequency band test cannot meet the measurement requirements, the signal matching and transmitting unit adjusts the frequency range and frequency step of the frequency-swept signal provided by the frequency-swept circuit 3, and the signal generator 4 emits a frequency-swept signal under the driving action of the adjusted frequency-swept circuit 3 to re-excite the resonance probe 12 located on one side of the microwave resonator 11 to perform a frequency-swept test in a large range and wide frequency band manner. For example, initially the frequency range of the frequency-swept signal is large, from 1.9 GHz to 10.2 GHz, and the frequency step is 1 KHz. According to the optimal detection frequency band corresponding to the fluid to be measured, the "address code" is matched, and the frequency step is shortened to from 5.5 GHz to 6.0 GHz to achieve more accurate monitoring of the content information corresponding to the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, the working process of the adaptive adjustment unit 73 is as follows:

[0084] When measuring the fluid to be tested without impurities in the natural gas pipeline, the "address code" corresponding to its detection frequency band is set to address 1; when measuring the fluid to be tested with droplets as impurities in the natural gas pipeline, the "address code" corresponding to its detection frequency band is set to address 2, and then the adaptive adjustment unit 73 automatically adjusts the working frequency band of the signal matching and transmitting unit, converting address 1 to address 2. If there is a fluid to be tested with dust as impurities, the "address code" corresponding to its detection frequency band is set to address 3, and then the adaptive adjustment unit 73 automatically adjusts the working frequency band of the signal matching and transmitting unit to address 3. If there is a fluid to be tested with mixed impurities, the adaptive adjustment unit 73 makes dynamic adjustments based on the signal response situation selected by the microwave signal processing system 72 and the "address code" pre-stored in the microwave measurement database 71. When working in the selected "address code" frequency band, until the signal response of the microwave signal processing system 72 is the largest, the best "address code" is determined to be found.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment, the signal processing circuit 6 includes a high-pass filter circuit, a low-pass filter circuit, an amplifier circuit, a signal processing module, and a matching module.

[0086] The high-pass filter circuit is used to perform high-pass filtering on the microwave signal output by the signal receiver 5 to filter out the low-frequency clutter signals mixed in the output signal.

[0087] The low-pass filter circuit is used to perform low-pass filtering on the microwave signal after high-pass filtering to filter out the high-frequency interference signals in the signal.

[0088] The amplifier circuit is used to amplify the microwave signal after low-pass filtering to obtain an amplified microwave signal for the purpose of signal fidelity and facilitating analysis and processing.

[0089] The signal processing module is used to convert the amplified microwave signal into the result of electromagnetic parameters.

[0090] The matching module is used to match and compare the relationship between the change of electromagnetic parameters of each "address code" in the microwave measurement database 71 and the content of the corresponding type of impurity with the result of electromagnetic parameters to obtain the content information corresponding to the impurity nature carried by the fluid to be tested.

[0091] Specifically, if the impurity nature carried by the gas to be measured is very special, such as the impurity is a complex mixture and the "address code" cannot be matched through the data stored in the microwave measurement database 71, and even the maximum response value cannot be found, the matching module selects two closest "address codes", calculates the matching of the microwave signal with the impurity content simultaneously, and takes the average value as the content information corresponding to the impurity nature carried by the fluid to be tested.

[0092] In a preferred embodiment, the existing resonant probe 12 such asFigure 3 As shown, it can be seen from the figure that the existing resonant probe 12 is in an "L" shape. After the resonant probe 12 enters the microwave resonant cavity 11 from the coaxial interface 13, it bends towards the side wall of the microwave resonant cavity 11 and finally contacts the side wall of the microwave resonant cavity 11. However, the above "L"-shaped resonant probe 12 has the following disadvantages: After the resonant probe 12 enters the microwave resonant cavity 11, it needs to be bent to achieve fixation by contacting the side wall. In fact, there is a lot of material waste and the required cost is relatively high; at the bending position of the resonant probe 12, many parameters need to be determined, such as the orientation after bending and the curvature of bending of the resonant probe 12, and the required calculation amount is huge, increasing the workload. For the above reasons, in this embodiment, a resonant probe 12 in an "I" shape is provided, as Figure 4 shown. The "I"-shaped resonant probe 12 solves the problems of the "L"-shaped resonant probe 12 having a long structure and high cost, and optimizes the structure of the "L"-shaped resonant probe 12, simplifying the problem of optimizing the size of the resonant probe 12.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment, in practical applications, the microwave resonant cavity 11 cannot work independently and needs to be connected to the outside through a coupling structure to complete the energy exchange between the microwave resonant cavity 11 and the outside world, so that electromagnetic waves can resonate stably in the microwave resonant cavity 11. Therefore, the design of the coupling structure is a very important part in the design of the microwave resonant cavity 11. In this embodiment, a coupling probe is selected to realize the excitation of the microwave resonant cavity 11, and the coaxial interface 13 is used to receive and transmit microwave signals in the natural gas pipeline. The specific coupling structure of the resonant probe 12 is as Figure 5 shown. To study the influence of the coupling structure of the resonant probe 12 on the measurement of the microwave resonant cavity 11, in this embodiment, the diameter R c of the resonant probe 12 and the penetration depth Q c of the resonant probe 12 are optimized and adjusted to determine the optimal structure.

[0094] Assume that the range of the x-component (in the direction of the pipeline cross-section) of the induced current density is (-∞, +∞), and the average value j avg(x) of the induced current density can be defined as:

[0095]

[0096] where n is the total number of vertices in the finite element simulation mesh division; |j xk | is the current density value of each vertex.

[0097] The maximum deviation degree I max(x) of the induced current density value within the measurement cross-section is:

[0098]

[0099] Analyze and process the simulation data of the resonator system 1 according to the evaluation index. First, the S-parameter evaluation index of the resonator system 1 when the structure of the resonant probe 12RC changes can be obtained, such as Figure 6 shown

[0100] As Figure 6 can be seen, as the diameter R c of the resonant probe 12 and the penetration depth Q c of the resonant probe 12 gradually increase, the resonant frequency of the microwave resonant measurement sensor does not always change linearly, that is, the lowest value of S11 oscillates as the diameter R c of the resonant probe 12 and the penetration depth Q c of the resonant probe 12 increase, and the change in the penetration depth Q c of the resonant probe 12 is more obvious. When R c = 6 mm and Q c = 12 mm, S11 reaches the lowest value, indicating that the microwave resonant measurement sensor reaches the optimal performance when the diameter R c of the resonant probe 12 is 6 mm and Q c is 12 mm, which is consistent with the coupling parameter results of the resonant probe 12 in the previous part.

[0101] Through finite element simulation, the variation of the average value of the induced current density and the maximum deviation degree of the induced current density value of the microwave resonant measurement sensor with different diameters of the resonant probe 12 is as Figure 7 shown. As can be seen from Figure 7 (a) and 7(c), during the process of increasing the diameter of the resonant probe 12, the average value of the induced current density reaches the maximum peak at R c = 6 mm and Q c = 12 mm. As can be seen from Figure 7 (b) and 7(d), during the process of increasing the diameter of the resonant probe 12, the maximum deviation degree of the induced current density value reaches the minimum value at R c = 6 mm and Q c = 12 mm. This indicates that when R c = 6 mm and Q c = 12 mm, the average value of the induced current density reaches the maximum, while the maximum deviation degree of the induced current density value is the minimum, meaning that the microwave signal matching transmission is better, the current distribution degree of the measurement cross-section is more uniform, which helps to improve the response ability of the microwave resonator 11 and achieve more sensitive induction of pollutants in the pipeline at the pipeline measurement cross-section.

[0102] In summary, the optimal parameters of the resonant probe 12 are finally determined as R c = 6 mm and Q c = 12 mm.

[0103] According to the above research, in the above example, adjusting the size of the resonant probe 12 is crucial for the optimization of the microwave resonator 11, and the newly defined parameter, the average value of the induced current density j avg(x) and the maximum deviation degree I of the induced current density value within the measurement cross-section max(x) The two evaluation indicators can well reflect the optimal parameter values of the coupling of the resonant probe 12, and can be used as the general indicators for the parameters of the resonant probe 12, which can provide guiding value for subsequent optimization.

[0104] Example 2

[0105] This example provides a method for adaptively measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by a microwave resonator, including the following steps:

[0106] 1) Before the start of the measurement work, in order to ensure the fluid to be measured with various different types of impurities and different state working conditions that may be encountered in actual measurement, a microwave measurement database 71 is established, and the response changes of the microwave resonator 11 to the impurity content when carrying different types of impurities at different flow rates are pre-stored, the optimal detection frequency bands corresponding to the fluids carrying different types of impurities, the electromagnetic parameter changes of each detection frequency band and each "address code" after "address code" compilation, and the relationship between the content of the corresponding type of impurities. Under this condition, dynamic correction is carried out to ensure that the error in the actual working condition is within an acceptable range.

[0107] 2) Starting from the gas pipeline inlet side of the resonator system 1, the fluid to be measured is introduced, and the high-speed camera 2 captures the image data of the fluid to be measured inside the microwave resonator 11 in real time, records the state of the fluid to be measured inside the microwave resonator 11, judges the fluid flow state and the type of particulate impurities in the gas pipeline by means of image recognition, and sends the captured image data to the microwave signal processing system 72.

[0108] 3) The signal generator 4 emits a swept-frequency signal under the driving action of the swept-frequency circuit 3, and the resonant probe 12 located on one side of the microwave resonator 11 is driven to perform swept-frequency testing in a wide range and wide frequency band manner.

[0109] 4) The resonant probe 12 located on the other side of the microwave resonator 11 receives the microwave signal and transmits it to the microwave signal processing system 72.

[0110] 5) As Figure 8As shown, the microwave signal processing system 72 performs "address code" comparison and determination based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera 2 and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database 71 to obtain the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured, and performs analysis and processing based on the received microwave signal and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database 71, and selects the detection frequency band with the largest resonance frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band, that is, the optimal "address code". Specifically:

[0111] 5.1) The microwave signal processing system 72 performs "address code" comparison and determination based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera 2 and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database 71 to obtain the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured.

[0112] 5.2) When it is determined that the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured is a single impurity, go to step 5.3); when it is determined that the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured is not a single impurity, go to step 5.4).

[0113] 5.3) The microwave signal processing system 72 performs analysis and processing based on the received microwave signal and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database 71, selects the detection frequency band with the largest resonance frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band, and enters step 6).

[0114] 5.4) The microwave signal processing system 72 performs analysis and processing based on the received microwave signal and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database 71, selects the detection frequency bands where different peak positions are located in the entire microwave signal, that is, the swept-frequency signal, and performs detection, and enters step 3) to perform detection again.

[0115] 6) The adaptive adjustment unit 73 adjusts the "address code" corresponding to the operating frequency band of the signal matching and transmitting unit according to the optimal detection frequency band.

[0116] 7) The signal matching and transmitting unit adjusts the frequency range and frequency step of the swept-frequency signal provided by the swept-frequency circuit 3 according to the adjusted "address code", and further adjusts the microwave signal generation of the signal generator 4.

[0117] 8) The signal generator 4 emits a swept-frequency signal to measure the fluid to be measured again based on the frequency range and frequency step of the swept-frequency signal provided by the swept-frequency circuit 3 after being adjusted by the signal matching and transmitting unit.

[0118] 9) The signal receiver 5 receives the microwave signal after the re-measurement and sends it to the signal processing circuit 6.

[0119] 10) The signal processing circuit 6 converts the microwave signal into the result of electromagnetic parameters, and based on the relationship between the change of the electromagnetic parameters of each "address code" in the microwave measurement database 71 and the content of the corresponding type of impurity, obtains the content information corresponding to the nature of the impurities carried by the fluid to be measured.

[0120] The effectiveness of the dual-parameter equation of the present invention for determining the mass flow rate jointly by the amplitude change of S11 and the phase change of S11 is described in detail below through specific embodiments:

[0121] After the measurement is completed, it is necessary to process the measurement results, perform mathematical fitting on the obtained parameters, and invert an expression that determines the mass flow rate jointly by the amplitude change of the S11 parameter and the phase change of the S11 parameter. Table 1 below shows a set of data obtained from the experiment:

[0122] Table 1: Experimental data table

[0123] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Magnitude change of S11 0.362 0.315 0.387 0.514 0.503 0.497 0.682 0.677 0.653 Phase change of S11 3.27 3.14 3.52 4.87 4.62 5.06 6.48 6.82 6.65 Mass flow rate 12.54 15.37 13.08 26.25 24.73 22.61 36.64 34.85 33.61 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Magnitude change of S11 0.845 0.837 0.863 1.251 1.286 1.203 1.626 1.647 1.615 Phase change of S11 8.76 8.35 8.96 11.98 12.75 11.62 14.67 14.86 15.24 Mass flow rate 48.58 46.29 50.35 63.67 60.39 61.92 78.69 75.63 76.45

[0124] According to experience, attempts are made to fit the amplitude change of the S11 parameter and the phase change of the S11 parameter in the form of Y = A + BX respectively:

[0125] ① As Figure 9 shown, taking Y as the mass flow rate of impurities in the fluid to be measured and X as the amplitude change of the S11 parameter, the fitted equation is:

[0126] Y = 0.98454 ± 2.1794 + (48.46339 ± 2.22407) * X

[0127] ② As Figure 10 shown, taking Y as the mass flow rate of impurities in the fluid to be measured and X as the phase change of the S11 parameter, the fitted equation is:

[0128] Y = -1.21636 ± 1.69059 + (5.29973 ± 0.18088) * X

[0129] Fitting is performed with a polynomial equation of Y = AX 1 + BX 2 + C, where Y is the mass flow rate of impurities in the fluid, X 1 is the amplitude change of the S11 parameter, and X 2 is the phase change of the S11 parameter. The fitted equation is:

[0130] Y = -1.65731 - 12.85671X 1 (amplitude change) + 6.68871X 2 (phase change)

[0131] The accuracy of the above three fitted equations is tested with another set of experimental data, as shown in Table 2 below:

[0132] Table 2: Experimental data table

[0133] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Magnitude change of S11 1.253 1.291 1.418 1.447 1.404 1.504 1.516 1.47 1.587 Phase change of S11 7.14 794 8.28 8.6 9.63 10.78 10.86 11.29 11.74 Mass flow rate 30.16 33.90 38.26 35.84 42.37 53.38 52.40 52.70 55.97 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Magnitude change of S11 1.629 1.593 1.649 1.632 1.764 1.891 1.882 1.939 1.992 Phase change of S11 12.75 13.83 14.55 14.88 15.59 16.67 17.38 18.4 18.37 Mass flow rate 59.87 72.44 78.92 72.29 76.71 86.42 85.69 95.51 95.67

[0134] Substitute this set of experimental data into the above three fitting equations respectively, and the errors of each group are shown in Table 3 below:

[0135] Table 3: Error table of each group

[0136] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Equation ① -104.61％ -87.47％ -82.19％ -98.41％ -62.92％ -38.39％ -42.09％ -37.05％ 39.17％ Equation ② -21.43％ -20.54％ -11.51％ -23.78％ -17.58％ -4.75％ -7.52％ -11.23％ -8.99％ Two-parameter equation 0.56％ -2.81％ 7.23％ -3.97％ -5.51％ 4.25％ 1.73％ -4.29％ -0.88％ 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Equation ① -33.51％ -7.93％ -2.51％ -10.77％ -12.73％ -7.18％ -7.59％ 0.58％ -1.94％ Equation ② -10.83％ 0.50％ 3.83％ -7.41％ -6.12％ -0.82％ -6.07％ -0.83％ -0.49％ Two-parameter equation -4.69％ 2.86％ 5.65％ -6.36％ -4.21％ 1.03％ -549％ -1.02％ 0.07％

[0137] The average errors of the equation in ①, the equation in ② and the two-parameter equation are -0.88%, -37.55% and -8.64% respectively. It can be seen that it is more accurate to determine the mass flow rate by two parameters. Therefore, the two-parameter equation proposed by the present invention to jointly determine the mass flow rate by the change of S11 amplitude and the change of S11 phase can obtain more accurate results.

[0138] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention. The structures, connection methods, manufacturing processes, etc. of each component can be changed. Any equivalent transformation and improvement based on the technical solution of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive microwave resonance device for measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline, characterized in that: It includes a resonant cavity system, a high-speed camera, a frequency sweeping circuit, a signal generator, a signal receiver, a signal processing circuit and a central processing unit; The resonant cavity system comprises a microwave resonant cavity and a resonant probe; a fluid flow area is provided in the microwave resonant cavity, and one end of the fluid flow area is connected to a natural gas pipeline; a coaxial interface is provided on both sides of the microwave resonant cavity, and a resonant probe is provided at each coaxial interface, and each resonant probe is deeply inside the microwave resonant cavity; The high-speed camera is used to capture image data of the fluid to be measured in the microwave resonant cavity in real time; The signal generator is used to emit a microwave signal under the driving action of the frequency sweeping circuit to stimulate the resonant probe located at one side of the microwave resonant cavity to perform a frequency sweeping test; The resonant probe located at the other side of the microwave resonant cavity is used to receive microwave signals and transmit them to the central processor; The central processor is used to determine the properties of impurities carried by the fluid to be measured based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera and the microwave signal transmitted by the resonant probe, select the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band, and adjust the microwave signal generation of the signal generator based on the optimal detection frequency band, so that the signal generator re-measures the fluid to be measured based on the adjusted microwave signal; The signal receiver is used to receive the microwave signal after re-measurement and send it to the signal processing circuit; The signal processing circuit is used to convert the microwave signal into the result of electromagnetic parameters and determine the content information corresponding to the properties of impurities carried by the fluid to be tested.

2. The device for measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by adaptive microwave resonance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central processing unit comprises: The microwave measurement database is used to pre-store the response changes of the microwave resonant cavity to the impurity content when carrying different types of impurities at different flow rates, the optimal detection frequency bands corresponding to the fluids carrying different types of impurities, and the relationship between the detection frequency bands after the "address code" is compiled and the changes in the electromagnetic parameters of each "address code" and the content of the corresponding impurities; A microwave signal processing system is used to compare and determine the "address code" based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database to obtain the properties of impurities carried by the fluid to be measured, and to analyze and process the received microwave signal and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database to select the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band; An adaptive adjustment unit, used to adjust the "address code" corresponding to the working frequency band of the signal matching transmitting unit according to the optimal detection frequency band; The signal matching transmitting unit is used to adjust the frequency range and frequency step of the sweep frequency signal provided by the sweep frequency circuit according to the adjusted "address code", thereby adjusting the microwave signal generation of the signal generator.

3. The device for measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by adaptive microwave resonance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal processing circuit comprises: A high-pass filter circuit is used to perform high-pass filtering on the microwave signal output by the signal receiver to filter out low-frequency clutter signals mixed in the output signal; The low-pass filter circuit is used to perform low-pass filtering on the microwave signal after high-pass filtering to filter out high-frequency interference signals in the signal; an amplifier circuit, used for amplifying the microwave signal after low-pass filtering to obtain an amplified microwave signal; A signal processing module, used for converting the amplified microwave signal into electromagnetic parameter results; The matching module is used to match and compare the electromagnetic parameter results with the relationship between the electromagnetic parameter changes of each "address code" in the microwave measurement database and the content of the corresponding type of impurities, so as to obtain the content information corresponding to the impurity properties carried by the fluid to be measured.

4. The device for measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by adaptive microwave resonance according to claim 3, characterized in that: If the impurities carried by the measured gas are a complex mixture and the data stored in the microwave measurement database cannot match the "address code", the matching module selects the two closest "address codes" and simultaneously calculates the impurity content of the microwave signal match. After taking the average of the two, it is regarded as the content information corresponding to the impurity properties carried by the measured fluid.

5. The device for measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by adaptive microwave resonance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two resonant probes are arranged in an "I" shape, and are bent toward the side wall of the microwave resonant cavity after entering the microwave resonant cavity from the coaxial interface.

6. The device for measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by adaptive microwave resonance according to claim 5, characterized in that: The optimal diameter and the probe depth of the two resonant probes are determined based on the corresponding average values ​​of the induced current density and the maximum deviation of the induced current density values.

7. A method for measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by adaptive microwave resonance, characterized in that: include: The fluid to be tested is introduced from the gas inlet side of the resonant cavity system, and the high-speed camera takes real-time image data of the fluid to be tested in the microwave resonant cavity, records the state of the fluid to be tested in the microwave resonant cavity, and sends the captured image data to the central processor; The signal generator emits a microwave signal under the driving action of the frequency sweep circuit to stimulate the resonant probe located at one side of the microwave resonant cavity to perform a frequency sweep test; The resonant probe located on the other side of the microwave resonant cavity receives the microwave signal and transmits it to the central processing unit; The central processing unit determines the nature of impurities carried by the fluid to be tested based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera and the microwave signal transmitted by the resonant probe, selects the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band, and adjusts the microwave signal generation of the signal generator based on the optimal detection frequency band, so that the signal generator can measure the fluid to be tested again based on the adjusted microwave signal; The signal receiver receives the microwave signal after the re-measurement and sends it to the signal processing circuit; The signal processing circuit converts the microwave signal into electromagnetic parameter results and determines the content information corresponding to the impurity properties carried by the fluid to be tested.

8. The method for measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by using adaptive microwave resonance according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: Before the measurement work begins, a microwave measurement database is established to pre-store the changes in the response of the microwave resonant cavity to the impurity content when carrying different types of impurities at different flow rates, the optimal detection frequency bands corresponding to fluids carrying different types of impurities, and the relationship between each detection frequency band after the "address code" is compiled and the changes in the electromagnetic parameters of each "address code" and the content of the corresponding type of impurities.

9. The method for measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by using adaptive microwave resonance according to claim 8, characterized in that: The central processor determines the nature of impurities carried by the fluid to be tested based on the image data captured by the high-speed camera and the microwave signal transmitted by the resonant probe, selects the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band, and adjusts the microwave signal generation of the signal generator based on the optimal detection frequency band, so that the signal generator re-measures the fluid to be tested based on the adjusted microwave signal, including: The microwave signal processing system compares and determines the "address code" based on the image data taken by the high-speed camera and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database to obtain the properties of the impurities carried by the fluid to be tested, and analyzes and processes the received microwave signal and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database to select the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band; The adaptive adjustment unit adjusts the signal to match the "address code" corresponding to the working frequency band of the transmitting unit according to the optimal detection frequency band; The signal matching transmitting unit adjusts the frequency range and frequency step of the sweep signal provided by the sweep circuit according to the adjusted "address code", thereby adjusting the microwave signal generation of the signal generator.

10. The method for measuring the content of particulate impurities in a pipeline by using adaptive microwave resonance according to claim 9, characterized in that: The microwave signal processing system compares and determines the "address code" based on the image data taken by the high-speed camera and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database to obtain the properties of impurities carried by the fluid to be tested, and analyzes and processes the received microwave signal and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database to select the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band, including: The microwave signal processing system compares and determines the "address code" based on the image data taken by the high-speed camera and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database to obtain the properties of impurities carried by the fluid to be tested; When it is determined that the impurities carried by the fluid to be tested are single impurities, the microwave signal processing system analyzes and processes the received microwave signal and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database, and selects the detection frequency band with the largest resonant frequency response in the microwave signal as the optimal detection frequency band; When it is determined that the impurities carried by the fluid to be tested are not single impurities, the microwave signal processing system performs analysis and processing based on the received microwave signal and the data pre-stored in the microwave measurement database, and re-detects by selecting the detection frequency bands with different peak positions in the entire microwave signal.

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