Marine multi-physical field comprehensive detection system

Abstract

The invention discloses an ocean multi-physics field comprehensive detection system which comprises a detection system and a cement anchor bed, the detection system is fastened to the cement anchor bed, and the cement anchor bed provides negative buoyancy to enable the system to be fixed to the seabed; an equipment cabin and a sensor assembly connected with an instrument cabin are mounted in the detection system, the instrument cabin is used for processing signals, and a plurality of watertight connecting plugs are arranged in the instrument cabin to ensure quick connection of required sensors; the sensor assembly comprises a sound field sensor, a magnetic field sensor, an electric field sensor, a water pressure field sensor and a seismic wave field sensor; on the basis of a comprehensive measurement system, marine environment multi-physics field data measurement and feature analysis work is carried out, the multi-dimensional information joint detection and feature extraction technology of marine multi-physics fields is achieved, a new joint detection method is provided, and a marine environment multi-physics field feature analysis database is constructed; and comprehensive measurement of multiple physical fields of a marine environment and an underwater target is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of physical field coupling measurement, and particularly relates to an integrated marine multi-physical field detection system. Background Art

[0002] Underwater physical field acquisition systems are widely used in fields such as marine geological exploration, earthquake early warning, marine aquaculture, and oil exploration. In marine geological exploration, by measuring physical fields such as magnetic fields and electric fields, the seabed geological structure can be understood, providing a basis for finding mineral resources. In terms of earthquake early warning, the monitoring of physical fields such as seismic waves can detect signs of earthquakes in advance, giving people more time to respond. In marine aquaculture, by using the variation laws of the physical fields in the marine environment, the position of fish schools can be better determined, improving fishing efficiency. In oil exploration, by analyzing the seabed physical fields, potential oil storage areas can be found. The foreign company polyamp has completed the construction of a multi-sensor detection platform for magnetism, sound, water pressure, and electric fields, which is widely used in detection equipment, underwater reconnaissance, and offshore oil production. The relevant multi-physical field monitoring systems equipped by the United States, Spain, Switzerland, and Russia all use multiple means other than sound to conduct security protection and warning for key sea areas and waterways to make up for the deficiencies of sound detection technology. For example, the underwater physical field system in the United States adopts a fixed deployment monitoring system with low-frequency acoustic sensors, a mobile deep-sea early warning system with non-acoustic sensors such as electromagnetic sensors, and the Eisenhower undersea highway network with electromagnetic sensors and active / passive sonars. Spain adopts an integrated marine warning system with active / passive sonars and electric fields. Switzerland adopts the STL underwater warning system with sound, electricity, magnetism, seismic waves, and water pressure. Russia adopts the Medusa electromagnetic detection system with electric fields and magnetic fields.

[0003] Great progress has been made in multi-physical field detection in China. The detection means are gradually increasing, the detection distance is constantly improving, and the detection system is gradually improving. In 2013, Sun Hong et al. from the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology designed a multi-point detection underwater physical field acquisition system, which realized the simultaneous measurement of multi-physical fields and could collect a large amount of marine environmental physical field data, providing accurate physical field parameters for researchers. In 2023, the China Electronics Technology Group designed an underwater weak electric field signal and acoustic signal acquisition system to improve the target detection and recognition ability. In 2024, Chen Chao et al. from Tongji University established a data fusion-based underwater sewage outlet secondary inspection technology system based on physical field information such as sound and light, scientifically regulated sewage discharge, and provided basic data for underwater ecological protection.

[0004] Most of the existing marine environmental physical field detection systems are single physical field measurement systems, such as acoustic field, magnetic field, and electric field detection systems. Their detection efficiency of physical fields is low, and they cannot achieve comprehensive analysis of multiple physical fields, unable to meet the detection requirements of multiple physical fields in the marine environment. That is, at present, there is a lack of means for joint detection of multiple marine physical fields, without the cooperation of corresponding co-located comprehensive measurement systems, and the advantages of multi-physical joint measurement cannot be fully utilized, so further improvement is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a comprehensive detection system for multiple marine physical fields, and intends to carry out relevant work around the development of a comprehensive measurement system for the electric field, magnetic field, seismic wave field, and water pressure field in the marine environment, giving full play to the advantages of multi-physical joint measurement. The jointly developed multi-physical field joint detection and detection system for sound, magnetism, water pressure, electric field, and seismic waves can achieve comprehensive measurement of the physical fields in the marine environment of ships.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention provides a comprehensive detection system for multiple marine physical fields, including a detection system housing (1) and a cement anchor base (2), which are fixedly connected to the detection system housing (1) and provide negative buoyancy as a counterweight, enabling the detection system to be firmly sunk to the seabed; when the detection system housing (1) is connected to the cement anchor base (2) through an acoustic response release hook, it provides a stable bottom detection platform for the detection system housing (1); when the detection system housing (1) is not connected to the cement anchor base (2), the detection system housing (2) becomes a floating detection platform on the water surface through an external cable or rope.

[0008] An equipment cabin (3) and a sensor assembly connected to the instrument cabin (3) are installed inside the detection system housing (1). The instrument cabin (3) is responsible for signal processing. A plurality of watertight connectors (3-1) are provided inside the instrument cabin (3) to ensure the quick connection of the required sensors, and the watertight connectors (3-1) can also ensure the waterproofness of the circuit system; the sensor assembly includes an acoustic field sensor (3), a magnetic field sensor (4), an electric field sensor (5), a water pressure field sensor (6), and a seismic wave field sensor (7); among them, since the electric field sensor (5) needs to be in direct contact with seawater, it is placed outside the equipment cabin (3) through an external connection method, and a watertight device is used to ensure the watertightness of the connection; a reserved space is left inside the equipment cabin (3), and other modules or sensors can also be installed when there are other requirements in the mission.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an underwater control and data processing and recording system, a communication system, an attitude measurement system, and a power supply system are provided inside the instrument cabin (3).

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the electric field sensors (5) is four, three of which are installed at the axial middle position of the detection system housing (1), and the other one is installed on the side of the detection system housing (1) as a reference electrode.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two lifting bolts (12) are provided above the detection system housing (1). When installing the cement anchor base (2), the lifting bolts (12) are used to hoist and place the detection system housing (1); when the lifting bolts (12) are not in use, ropes can be installed on the lifting bolts (12) to fix and tow the floating detection platform on the water surface.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a separation and release device (11) is installed at the front end of the detection system housing (1). After the test task is completed, by sending an underwater acoustic release command, the release hook is opened, so that the overall equipment cabin floats up, realizing the reuse of a single test cabin and the data recovery task.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the release hook (9-1) on the left side of the bottom of the detection system housing (1) is a closed-type release hook, and the release hook (9-2) on the right side of the bottom of the detection system housing (1) is an open-type release hook. The cement anchor base (2) is provided with loops (10) corresponding to the left release hook (9-1) and the right release hook (9-2); due to the different installation positions of the instruments in the equipment cabin (3), the front and rear buoyancies of the equipment cabin (3) are different. After the separation and release device (11) is opened, the left end of the equipment cabin (3) floats up due to the greater buoyancy, while the right end has a greater gravity, and the underwater posture of the equipment cabin (3) is in a tilted state, so that the equipment cabin can smoothly disengage from the release hook, thus realizing the release and recovery.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a marine multi-physical field comprehensive detection system, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention intends to carry out relevant work around the development of a comprehensive measurement system for the marine environmental electric field, magnetic field, seismic wave field and water pressure field. By using new technologies for modern multi-physical field signal processing and new sensor technologies, major problems such as co-location measurement of multi-physical fields such as electric field, magnetic field, seismic wave field and water pressure field, multi-measurement body array, micro-power consumption measurement, electromagnetic compatibility of complex systems, reliable deployment and recovery of systems, etc. are solved, and overall technologies such as deployment and recovery, data transmission, etc. are broken through, and a comprehensive measurement system for the marine environmental electric field, magnetic field, seismic wave field and water pressure field is developed; (2) Based on the comprehensive measurement system, the present invention carries out work on marine environmental multi-physical field data measurement and characteristic analysis, solves the multi-dimensional information joint characteristic extraction technology of multi-physical fields, proposes a new joint detection method, and constructs a marine environmental multi-physical field characteristic analysis database to complete the integration of the multi-physical field measurement system and the mobile target characteristic comprehensive measurement system. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the modules of an integrated ocean multi-physical field detection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 2 It is the physical appearance of an integrated ocean multi-physical field detection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the physical object of an integrated ocean multi-physical field detection system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application. The "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. used when describing the installation position or direction of the structure or components in this embodiment are based on the orientation of the given drawings. They are only for the convenience of description to distinguish the relative positions of the components or directions, and do not represent the orientation when the detection system in this embodiment is in use.

[0020] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated ocean multi-physical field detection system, including a detection system housing 1 and a cement anchor base 2, which is fixedly connected to the detection system housing 1 and provides negative buoyancy as a counterweight, so that the detection system can be stably sunk to the seabed; when the detection system housing 1 is connected to the cement anchor base 2 through a release hook, it provides a stable bottom-mounted detection platform for the detection system housing 1; when the detection system housing 1 is not connected to the cement anchor base 2, the detection system housing 2 becomes a floating detection platform on the water surface by means of an external cable or rope.

[0021] Inside the detection system housing 1, there is an equipment cabin 3 and a sensor assembly connected to the instrument cabin 3. The instrument cabin 3 is responsible for signal processing. Inside the instrument cabin 3, there are multiple watertight connectors 3-1 to ensure the quick connection of required sensors, and the watertight connectors 3-1 can also ensure the waterproofness of the circuit system. The sensor assembly includes an acoustic field sensor 3, a magnetic field sensor 4, an electric field sensor 5, a water pressure field sensor 6, and a seismic wave field sensor 7. Among them, since the electric field sensor 5 needs to be in direct contact with seawater, it is placed outside the equipment cabin 3 through an external connection method, and a watertight device is used to ensure the watertightness of the connection. There is a reserved space inside the equipment cabin 3, and other modules or sensors can also be installed when there are other requirements in the mission. Inside the instrument cabin 3, there are an underwater control and data processing and recording system, a communication system, an attitude measurement system, and a power system. Figure 2 Combined with Figure 1 , in this embodiment, the number of electric field sensors 5 is 4. Three are installed at the axial middle position of the detection system housing 1, and the other one is installed on the side of the detection system housing 1 and used as a reference electrode. The acoustic field sensor 3, the magnetic field sensor 4, the water pressure field sensor 6, and the seismic wave field sensor 7 are all inside the detection system housing 1. There is also a release and recovery system 8 connected between the detection system housing 1 and the cement anchor 2.

[0022] For the use of the marine multi-physical field comprehensive detection system, environmental experimental issues such as service life, anti-fouling, and anti-sediment burial are considered. For example, research on the service life test of the electric field sensor 5 and influencing factors, and carry out technical research and development to solve the problem of the long service life of the electric field sensor in response to the problems exposed in the research. Research on the influence of marine organism parasitism on the electric field sensor 5 and anti-fouling treatment, analyze the influence of marine organism parasitism on the performance of the electric field sensor, and improve the process or anti-fouling measures of the electric field sensor to eliminate the influence. Research on the influence of sediment burial and anti-burial measures, focus on carrying out sediment burial tests, and analyze the influence of burial depth on the performance of the electric field sensor. For the development of the magnetic field sensor 4, a digital fluxgate sensor is proposed, the corresponding data acquisition circuit is improved, a low-power and high-sensitivity magnetic field measurement system is constructed, and the magnetic field sensor and the measurement system are calibrated and metered. The specific work includes: selection and testing of the fluxgate sensor; improvement of the output signal conditioning and acquisition circuit of the fluxgate sensor; calibration and metering of the magnetic field sensor 4 and the measurement system.

[0023] Research and development of the seismic wave field sensor 7: Selection of the seismic wave field sensor. The main types of seismic wave sensors are magnetoelectric sensors and acceleration sensors. Different models of seismic wave sensors based on different principles have significant differences in low-frequency response, dynamic range, resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio. It is necessary to select a suitable seismic wave sensor according to the characteristics of ocean seismic wave field signals. Research on the compatibility between the seismic wave field and magnetic sensors. According to the principle of the seismic wave sensor, it is known that the magnetoelectric seismic wave sensor may cause changes in the surrounding magnetic field during operation. Therefore, it is necessary to study the compatibility between the seismic wave field and magnetic sensors, clarify the distance and characteristics of the influence of the magnetoelectric seismic wave sensor on magnetic sensing, and provide a basis for the overall design of the measurement system. Research and development of the hydrostatic pressure field sensor 6: Select a hydrostatic pressure sensor with better current performance according to the water depth of the measurement system. At the same time, improve the signal acquisition circuit to increase the sensitivity of the hydrostatic pressure measurement system and enhance its resistance to interference from the ocean environmental hydrostatic pressure field.

[0024] Research and development of the underwater control and data processing and recording system: Electrical, magnetic, pressure, and seismic wave signals have significant differences in frequency bands. For example, the measurement bandwidth of electric and magnetic field signals is Dc - 3 kHz, the measurement bandwidth of the hydrostatic pressure field signal is 0.003 Hz - 0.5 Hz, and the measurement bandwidth of the seismic wave field signal is Dc - 100 Hz. There are also significant differences in the input impedances of various sensors. For example, the impedance of an electric field sensor is dozens of ohms, that of a hydrophone is generally a few ohms, and that of a hydrostatic pressure sensor is several thousand ohms. These all pose high technical requirements for the design of subsequent signal conditioning circuits and synchronous acquisition circuits. In addition to meeting the control functions of the entire system, the control and data processing and recording system should also be suitable for synchronous acquisition of multiple weak signals.

[0025] The ocean multi-physical field integrated detection system is a set of autonomous and self-contained mobile measurement systems for marine physical fields, involving various aspects such as deployment and recovery, underwater control, and data transmission. It needs to be considered comprehensively overall to improve its functions and meet the requirements of various scenarios. It should also include research on the compatibility of multi-physical field sensors. Electric, magnetic, pressure, and seismic wave sensors all belong to sensitive components. Among them, electric field sensors, acoustic sensors, and hydrostatic pressure sensors need to be exposed to seawater. For example, an electric field sensor will be interfered by the metal corrosion electric field around it. It is necessary to further analyze whether the generally metal shell of a hydrostatic pressure sensor will affect electric field measurement. Although magnetic sensors and seismic wave sensors do not directly contact seawater, there are two types of seismic wave sensors, namely acceleration type and magnetoelectric type. Especially for the magnetoelectric type, whether the coil inside will generate a magnetic field and affect the magnetic sensor, and how to eliminate these interferences are all compatibility issues that need to be considered in multi-physical field measurements.

[0026] The marine environment multi-physical field detection system is composed of underwater electric field, magnetic field, seismic wave field and water pressure field measurement systems. It adopts a distributed structure design, and each sensor can be freely selected and combined. The pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant cabin is used as the core instrument cabin. The electric field sensor and the water pressure field are connected to the instrument cabin through watertight connectors, the magnetic field sensor is separately packaged in a watertight structure and connected to the instrument cabin through a watertight connector, and the seismic wave sensor is separately packaged in a watertight structure and connected to the instrument cabin through a watertight connector. The underwater control and data processing and recording system, power supply system, attitude measurement system, cable communication system, and hydroacoustic communication system (the acoustic transducer is external and connected by a watertight cable) are installed inside the instrument cabin. The overall and recovery system and the hydroacoustic positioning system are installed independently.

[0027] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, two lifting bolts 12 are arranged above the detection system housing 1. When installing the cement anchor 2, the lifting bolts 12 are used to suspend the detection system housing 1; when the lifting bolts 12 are not used, the lifting bolts 12 can be installed with cables to fix and tow the floating detection platform (detection system housing 1) on the water surface. A separation releaser 11 is installed at the front end of the detection system housing 1 to send a hydroacoustic release command after the test task is completed, thereby opening the release hook and floating the entire equipment cabin, thereby realizing the reuse of a single test cabin and data recovery tasks.

[0028] The left release hook 9-1 at the bottom of the detection system shell 1 is a closed release hook, and the right release hook 9-2 at the bottom of the detection system shell 1 is an open release hook. The cement anchor seat 2 is provided with a ring 10 corresponding to the left release hook 9-1 and the right release hook 9-2; due to the different installation positions of the instruments in the equipment cabin 3, the buoyancy of the equipment cabin 3 is different at the front and back. After the separation releaser 11 is opened, the left end of the equipment cabin 3 floats due to the greater buoyancy, while the right end floats due to the greater gravity. The underwater posture of the equipment cabin 3 is in a tilted state, and the equipment cabin can be smoothly detached from the release hook, thereby realizing release and recovery.

[0029] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of preferred embodiments, the above preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. A person skilled in the art may make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be based on the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated ocean multi-physical field detection system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a detection system housing (1) and a cement anchor seat (2), wherein the cement anchor seat (2) is tightly connected to the detection system housing (1) and acts as a counterweight to provide negative buoyancy so that the detection system can be stably sunk to the seabed; when the detection system housing (1) is connected to the cement anchor seat (2) through an automatic acoustic response release hook, a stable bottom-sunk detection platform is provided for the detection system housing (1); when the detection system housing (1) is not connected to the cement anchor seat (2), the detection system housing (1) becomes a floating detection platform on the water surface by means of an external cable or rope; An equipment cabin (3) and a sensor assembly connected to the equipment cabin (3) are installed in the detection system housing (1); the equipment cabin (3) is responsible for signal processing; a plurality of watertight plug connectors (3-1) are arranged in the equipment cabin (3) to ensure the quick connection of the required sensors, and the watertight plug connectors (3-1) can also ensure the waterproofness of the circuit system; the sensor assembly includes an acoustic field sensor (3), a magnetic field sensor (4), an electric field sensor (5), a water pressure field sensor (6) and a seismic wave field sensor (7); wherein the electric field sensor (5) needs to be placed outside the equipment cabin (3) by means of an external connection because it needs to be in direct contact with seawater, and a watertight device is used to ensure the watertightness of the connection; a reserved space is left inside the equipment cabin (3), and other modules or sensors can also be installed when there are other requirements for the task.

2. The marine multi-physical field comprehensive detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The instrument cabin (3) is provided with an underwater control and data processing and recording system, a communication system, a posture measurement system, and a power supply system.

3. The marine multi-physical field comprehensive detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the electric field sensors (5) is four, three of which are installed at the axial middle position of the detection system housing (1), and the other is installed at the side of the detection system housing (1) and is used as a reference electrode.

4. The marine multi-physical field comprehensive detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two lifting bolts (12) are arranged above the detection system housing (1); when the cement anchor seat (2) is installed, the lifting bolts (12) are used to realize the lifting of the detection system housing (1); when the lifting bolts (12) are not used, the lifting bolts (12) can be installed with ropes to realize the fixation and towing of the water surface floating detection platform.

5. The marine multi-physical field comprehensive detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front end of the detection system housing (1) is provided with a separation releaser (11) so that after the test task is completed, a hydroacoustic release command is sent to open the release hook, so that the entire equipment cabin floats up, thereby achieving the reuse of a single test cabin and data recovery tasks.

6. The marine multi-physical field integrated detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The left release hook (9-1) at the bottom of the detection system housing (1) is a closed release hook, and the right release hook (9-2) at the bottom of the detection system housing (1) is an open release hook. The cement anchor seat (2) is provided with a collar (10) corresponding to the left release hook (9-1) and the right release hook (9-2). Due to the different installation positions of the instruments in the equipment cabin (3), the front and rear buoyancy of the equipment cabin (3) are different. After the separation releaser (11) is opened, the left end of the equipment cabin (3) floats due to the larger buoyancy, while the right end has a larger gravity. The underwater posture of the equipment cabin (3) is in a tilted state, and the equipment cabin can be smoothly detached from the release hook, thereby achieving release and recovery.

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