Electronic contract signing method based on block chain technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of block chains, and discloses an electronic contract signing method based on a block chain technology. According to the electronic contract signing method based on the block chain technology, by automatically comparing the contract template versions, whether the contract versions used by a signing party are consistent or not can be quickly and accurately found, the problems of inconsistent clause understanding, unclear right obligations and the like caused by version differences are avoided, the accuracy and normalization of contract signing are ensured, and the contract signing efficiency is improved. The risk of contract disputes is reduced, the legitimate rights and interests of both parties of a contract are guaranteed, the authenticity of digital signatures is strictly verified, the situation of signature forgery can be effectively prevented, the authenticity and reliability of contract signing are ensured, the legal potency of the contract is enhanced, and contract related parties are protected against economic losses and legal risks caused by signature forgery. And the security and fairness of the contract signing process are maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of blockchain technology, and particularly to an electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology. Background Art

[0002] An electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology utilizes the distributed ledger and encryption technology of blockchain to achieve the security, transparency, and immutability of electronic contracts. This method records all steps of the contract from creation to execution through the blockchain network and ensures that the operations of each party can be accurately traced and verified. However, this technology also faces several challenges in application: First, since signatories may use different versions of contract templates, how to achieve automatic comparison to ensure that all parties use the latest and consistent contract text is a key issue that needs to be solved urgently; Second, in order to prevent the security risk of forged signatures, a strict digital signature authenticity verification process needs to be designed to ensure that each signature can be reliably verified, thereby protecting the interests of all participating parties from infringement; Third, regarding the historical record problem during the state changes of contracts such as signing, modification, and revocation, it is necessary to accurately record and disclose the whole process to ensure that all participating parties can understand the current contract status and previous modification situations in real time during multi-party collaboration, and avoid disputes caused by information asymmetry or misunderstanding; Fourth, in terms of dynamically managing user access rights, more flexible and precise control measures need to be taken to prevent unauthorized personnel from illegally viewing or modifying contract content, while ensuring that authorized users can operate in a timely manner; Finally, regarding the issue of cross-chain operation consistency and integrity among multiple blockchain platforms, an effective monitoring mechanism should be established to ensure that contract data can be synchronized on different platforms, reducing operation risks and trust costs caused by data transmission delays.

[0003] Such a description outlines the core advantages of the electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology and the technical challenges it faces, and points out potential improvement directions for future development. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the problems raised in the above background art, this application provides an electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology.

[0005] This application provides an electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology, adopting the following technical solution:

[0006] An electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology includes:

[0007] S101. Automatically compare the contract templates provided by different signatories through version identifiers, mark the different items, and generate a unified contract version;

[0008] S102. Authenticate the authenticity of the digital signatures provided by each signatory based on the smart contract, record the signature verification results, and lock the contracts with unauthentic signatures to prevent their further circulation;

[0009] S103. Record the history of each contract operation and status change in an immutable log on the distributed ledger;

[0010] S104. Dynamically adjust and precisely control the access permissions of each signatory based on the recorded and verified results to ensure that only authorized users can view and edit the valid versions.

[0011] Preferably, the step of automatically comparing contract template versions based on blockchain technology further includes:

[0012] Compare the versions based on the hash values of different versions of the contract templates stored on the blockchain;

[0013] Obtain the hash value \(H_{submit}\) of the contract template submitted by the current signatory and the hash value \(H_{standard}\) of the standard contract template stored in the blockchain;

[0014] Judge whether the contract versions are consistent based on the following formula: If \(H_{submit} == H_{standard}\), then the versions are consistent; otherwise, the versions are inconsistent, specifically as follows:

[0015] Where \(H_{submit}\) represents the hash value of the contract template submitted by the signatory, and \(H_{standard}\) represents the hash value of the standard contract template. It is determined to be consistent if and only if the two are equal.

[0016] Preferably, the step of strictly verifying the digital signature authenticity verification process further includes:

[0017] Obtain the digital signature \(Sig\) provided by the contract signatory and the relevant signing information;

[0018] Perform a signature verification operation on the signature \(Sig\) using the preset public key;

[0019] Record and store the result \(Result\) of each signature verification in the blockchain ledger to ensure immutability;

[0020] For each signature \(Sig_i\), if the signature verification result is `valid`, indicating that the signature is valid, then change its record status to verified; otherwise, mark it as a forged signature and reject the validity confirmation of this signature.

[0021] Preferably, the step of recording the history of contract status changes throughout the process further includes:

[0022] Each time the status of a contract changes, a new entry is added to the blockchain smart contract;

[0023] Encapsulate the status change information into the transaction data, record the current timestamp \(Timestamp\) and the public key ID of the executor;

[0024] Synchronize it to all nodes through the blockchain mechanism to ensure the consistency and reliability of the records;

[0025] All changes are confirmed by multiple parties and immutably retained on the public ledger.

[0026] Preferably, the method for dynamically allocating and precisely controlling access rights includes the following process:

[0027] Set the corresponding access right rule table \(AccessRules\) based on different roles and operation levels;

[0028] When any attempt is made to access or operate on a contract, first check the role attribute and permission level (\(RoleType, AccessLevel\)) of the requester;

[0029] Apply the following conditional judgment statement for access qualification verification:

[0030] \(A(R)=(R <= max(AR[role]) \land AL <= ARL(role))? Granted: Denied\), that is:

[0031] The parameter \(R\) is the requested role type; the parameter \(AL\) is the required permission level; \(max(AR[role])\) is the maximum allowed permission range set according to the role, and \(ARL(role)\) is the specific permission limit value corresponding to each specific \(role\) type;

[0032] If the above verification is in the Granted state, the operation is allowed, ensuring access security.

[0033] Preferably, the automatic comparison of contract template versions based on smart contracts further includes:

[0034] Obtain the contract version number V1 submitted by the current signatory;

[0035] Determine the latest version number V2 archived;

[0036] Compare the version number difference D = abs(V1 - V2) based on the following formula, where abs() is the absolute value function; if D > E, remind the user that the version difference is significant (E is the maximum allowable version difference defined by the system) to ensure that both parties use the same version. The setting of E helps to solve the problem of potential substantial differences in content between different versions;

[0037] For all different clause paragraphs P, conduct a detailed comparison and generate a version comparison report R.

[0038] Preferably, it further includes the following steps:

[0039] Bind the signature S used during contract signing and the verifier ID based on digital signature technology to prevent tampering;

[0040] Execute a strict authenticity verification process for the submitted signature S under the public key infrastructure (PKI), and use the encryption algorithm A to verify the consistency between the signature and the user ID;

[0041] If the signature authenticity verification fails, reject the contract from further circulation and send a warning notice to all associated nodes N; if it passes, update the trust score T(N) = T(N) + ΔT on each node, where ΔT > 0 is a positive real number less than 1;

[0042] Use the anti-counterfeiting mark W to timestamp the successfully verified record and append it to the end of the contract document to ensure the non-forgeable nature of the digital signature, effectively solving the problem of how to strictly verify the authenticity verification process of digital signatures to address the security risk of forged signatures.

[0043] Preferably, every time a major decision is made or the contract status Cn changes, the following operations need to be performed:

[0044] Based on the current decision / status change point, record the timestamp Ts of the change moment and its specific content description D;

[0045] Calculate the state hash Hc(Cn1) of the previous historical version;

[0046] Update the latest status Cn and construct a new hash value Hc(Cn), and then link the old hash Hc(Cn1) to form a chain structure Chain;

[0047] Save the update information together with the complete Chain into the database to ensure that every state change is permanently recorded, thereby meeting the requirement of how to record the entire history of contract state changes to solve the problem of inconsistent contract states during multi-party collaboration.

[0048] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0049] 1. The electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology can quickly and accurately detect whether the contract versions used by signatories are consistent by automatically comparing contract template versions, avoiding problems such as inconsistent clause understanding and unclear rights and obligations caused by version differences, ensuring the accuracy and standardization of contract signing, reducing the risk of contract disputes, and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of both parties to the contract.

[0050] 2. The electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology strictly verifies the authenticity of digital signatures, can effectively prevent the occurrence of forged signatures, ensures the authenticity and reliability of contract signing, enhances the legal effect of the contract, protects the parties related to the contract from economic losses and legal risks caused by forged signatures, and maintains the security and fairness of the contract signing process.

[0051] 3. The electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology records the historical changes of contract status throughout the process. During the multi-party collaboration process, all parties can clearly understand every status change of the contract, facilitating the timely discovery and resolution of status inconsistency problems, improving the transparency and traceability of contract management, helping all parties to collaborate better, reducing communication costs and misunderstandings, and ensuring the smooth execution of the contract.

[0052] 4. The electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology precisely controls the dynamic allocation of access rights. According to the roles, responsibilities, and business needs of users, it can allocate corresponding access rights to users in real-time and accurately, effectively preventing unauthorized users from viewing or tampering with contract content, ensuring the security and integrity of contract data, maintaining the confidentiality of contract information, and reducing the risk of data leakage and malicious tampering.

[0053] 5. The electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology monitors the consistency and integrity of cross-chain operations, can timely discover and solve problems that occur during the synchronization of contract data between multiple platforms, ensure the accurate and timely synchronization of contract data between different platforms, avoid data delay or loss, guarantee the consistency and integrity of contract data, improve the efficiency and reliability of multi-platform collaboration, and promote the smooth development of cross-platform business. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of an electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0055] The following details the embodiments of the present application, and the examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings.

[0056] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to the terms "certain embodiments", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0057] An embodiment of the present application discloses an electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology. Referring to Figure 1 , it includes:

[0058] S101. Automatically compare the contract templates provided by different signatories through a version identifier and mark the difference items to generate a unified contract version;

[0059] S102. Based on a smart contract, verify the authenticity of the digital signatures provided by each signatory, record the signature verification results, and lock the contracts with untrue signatures to prevent their continued circulation;

[0060] S103. Record the history of each contract operation and status change in an immutable log on a distributed ledger;

[0061] S104. Based on the records and verification results, dynamically adjust and precisely control the access rights of each signatory to ensure that only authorized users can view and edit the valid version.

[0062] First, in the preparation stage, it is necessary to register the information of all participants and establish an identity verification system. Each party needs to upload their real-name information and biometric characteristics (such as fingerprints or face images). After strict review by the certification authority, a private key is issued. This process ensures that each user has a legal identity document before entering the contract creation environment and can be associated with a unique encryption key, which not only simplifies the subsequent identity confirmation link of transactions but also enhances the security level of the entire system.

[0063] Next, a version control system is introduced in template management and synchronization. Whenever a new contract sample is provided by one party, it will first be converted into a standard format and stored in the database. The system uses a versioning algorithm to check if there are any differences in the latest uploaded text. If problems are found, they will be marked and relevant personnel will be notified to make adjustments until they are exactly the same. Once it is confirmed that there are no discrepancies, a timestamp will be automatically generated and the updated document will be stored on the chain node for permanent preservation for query purposes. In this way, it not only ensures that the drafts used in the negotiation process are all of the same series of versions, but also avoids the chaos caused by manual misoperations. For example, in a cross-border merger and acquisition project, after Company A submitted the first version of a purchase and sales cooperation agreement draft to Company B and then put forward multiple improvement opinions to form Revision V2, when Company B receives the document, it can know the specific difference points between the two through the aforementioned mechanism, and then choose the appropriate way to accept or ask the other party to explain and clarify some terms before deciding how to further respond, which is an example of good practice.

[0064] At the same time, a strict pre-signature verification operation is carried out, that is, the authenticity of each user's signature is verified to prevent impersonation and fraud from infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of others. During this period, an advanced elliptic curve cryptography algorithm (ECC) is used to generate public and private key pairs to protect the communication link to be secure, reliable, more efficient and less time-consuming. When receiving data in the form of handwriting or a seal, first read the secret parameter part carried in it, and then perform a decryption operation against the public key to verify the integrity and correctness of the information. If it is correct, it will be automatically released to the next step; otherwise, it will be rejected from continuing to flow down and a warning report will be sent to the background administrator for timely handling to avoid affecting the overall progress arrangement. In addition, a small number of samples will be randomly selected and sent to an independent laboratory to repeat the above process to ensure that the accuracy reaches 100% and eliminate potential hazards. For example, when enterprises enter into a long-term supply service agreement, the seller first fills in the relevant content of the form online, and then uses a pre-set digital authentication identifier to prove the legitimacy of its identity, and then submits it to the platform for the purchaser to review and approve. Before that, both parties can test and verify its reliability by themselves.

[0065] In order to track and supervise all changes from beginning to end, a log recording module is set up to comprehensively and meticulously preserve the action track of each edit and modification, together with special instructions or explanatory statements proposed by one party, and include them in the historical document library for future retrospective review. It has a reasonable and verifiable basis, is fully clear, intuitive, easy to understand, convenient, fast and practical. At the same time, taking into account the data confusion that may be caused by network delays between different regions, measures are taken to strengthen the consistency principle of the sequence of events. It stipulates that any change can only be initiated by the original initiator and strictly executed in order of priority. It cannot be skipped or predicted in advance to interfere with the judgment of other partners. It runs smoothly and normally within the field of vision. Suppose two financial companies AB jointly invest in the establishment of a fund and jointly operate it. During the operation, they encounter changes in the market and need to adjust the profit and dividend ratio. At this time, it can be clearly observed whether each change operation has been made in compliance with the established rules.

[0066] Finally, a detailed and flexible role authorization policy was formulated for the collaborative access level, granting members corresponding hierarchical operating permissions, limiting the frequency of risk events of unauthorized intervention, and reducing the frequency of risk events. Based on a dynamic identity authentication model, it allows real-time adjustment of the scope of content that individuals can access without having to restart the entire architecture design framework structure to respond to changing business development needs. Every time someone wants to access an archived file, the system will re-check the person's current position attributes and organizational relationships and other basic information to determine the license qualifications before opening the corresponding functional permissions to allow them to obtain the required information and successfully complete the target task. However, it is strictly forbidden to act beyond the level and violate regulations. For example, in government-led urban infrastructure construction projects, many functional departments are involved in cooperating with each other to complete task allocation. Government officials, engineering supervision units, construction contractors, etc. are responsible for matters in different professional territories. Therefore, it is necessary to clearly define who can do what, when and how, so as to reduce friction and resistance, promote the rapid and efficient implementation of projects, reduce unnecessary disputes, waste resources, and increase social benefits.

[0067] To sum up, the five important components of an electronic contract signing method based on blockchain technology have been deployed to solve five major challenges: starting from the source to control the legitimacy of the identity of the participants, the uniformity of the contract template is managed through standardized processes to avoid the mixing of different versions and endanger the overall social order and stability; relying on high-precision identification capabilities to protect the interests of users from being infringed; the complete and clear log system greatly improves the visual controllability of the entire process, reducing the spread of suspicion and estrangement caused by information asymmetry and affecting the quality of the cooperation atmosphere; in addition, the precise authority control solution can make the rights and responsibilities clear and reasonably attributed, thereby forming a healthy and benign circular ecological chain, promoting the long-term stability of the win-win situation for all parties, and at the same time, do not forget to pay attention to the various unknown factors that may arise when crossing multiple chain platforms, take preventive measures in advance, keep in step, and ensure that the overall performance is excellent, and the results are excellent, far exceeding the limitations of the traditional model.

[0068] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for signing an electronic contract based on blockchain technology, characterized in that: include: S101. Automatically compare the contract templates provided by different signatories through version identifiers and mark the differences to generate a unified contract version; S102. Verify the authenticity of the digital signature provided by each signatory based on the smart contract, record the verification result and lock the non-authentic signature contract to prevent it from continuing to circulate; S103. Record each step of the contract operation and status change history in an unalterable log on the distributed ledger; S104. Based on the records and verification results, dynamically adjust and accurately control the access rights of each signatory to ensure that only authorized users can view and edit the valid version.

2. According to claim 1, a method for signing an electronic contract based on blockchain technology is characterized in that: The step of automatically comparing contract template versions based on blockchain technology further includes: Compare versions based on the hash values ​​of different versions of contract templates stored on the blockchain; Get the contract template hash value \(H_{submit}\) submitted by the current contracting party and the standard contract template hash value \(H_{standard}\) stored in the blockchain; The following formula is used to determine whether the contract versions are consistent: If \(H_{submit}==H_{standard}\), the versions are consistent; otherwise, the versions are inconsistent, as follows: Where \(H_{submit}\) represents the hash value of the contract template submitted by the signatory, and \(H_{standard}\) represents the hash value of the standard contract template. They are considered consistent if and only if they are equal.

3. According to claim 1, a method for signing an electronic contract based on blockchain technology is characterized in that: The steps of the strict verification of digital signature authenticity verification process further include: Obtain the digital signature\(Sig\) and related signing information provided by the contract signatory; Use the preset public key to verify the signature\(Sig\); Record and store the result of each signature verification in the blockchain account to ensure that it cannot be tampered with; For each signature \(Sig_i\), if the verification result is `valid`, indicating that the signature is valid, its record status is changed to verified; otherwise it is marked as a forged signature and the validity confirmation of this signature is rejected.

4. According to claim 1, a method for signing an electronic contract based on blockchain technology is characterized in that: The step of recording the contract status change history throughout the process further includes: Every time the state of the contract changes, a new entry is added to the blockchain smart contract; Encapsulate the status change information into the transaction data, record the current timestamp and the executor's public key ID; Synchronize to all nodes through blockchain mechanism to ensure the consistency and reliability of records; All changes are confirmed by multiple parties and immutably retained on the public ledger.

5. According to claim 1, a method for signing an electronic contract based on blockchain technology is characterized in that: The method for dynamically allocating and accurately controlling access rights includes the following process: Set up corresponding access rights rules table\(AccessRules\) based on different roles and operation levels; When any attempt is made to access or operate a contract, the role attributes and permission level of the requester are first checked\(RoleType,AccessLevel\); Apply the following conditional statements to verify access qualifications: \(A(R)=(R<=max(AR[role])\land AL<=ARL(role))?Granted:Denied\), that is: Parameter \(R\) is the requested role type; parameter \(AL\) is the required permission level; \(max(AR[role])\) is the maximum allowed permission range for the role, and \(ARL(role)\) is the specific permission limit value corresponding to each specific \(role\) type; The operation is allowed only if the above verification is in Granted status, ensuring access security.

6. According to claim 1, a method for signing an electronic contract based on blockchain technology is characterized in that: The automatic comparison of the contract template version based on the smart contract further includes: Get the contract version number V1 submitted by the current signatory; Determine the latest version number V2 of the archive; Compare the version number difference based on the following formula D = abs(V1 V2), where abs() is an absolute value function; if D>E, remind the user that the version difference is significant (E is the maximum allowed version difference defined by the system) to ensure that both parties use the same version. The setting of E here helps to solve the problem of substantial differences in content between different versions; A detailed comparison is performed on all different clause paragraphs P, and a version comparison report R is generated.

7. According to claim 1, a method for signing an electronic contract based on blockchain technology is characterized in that: Further comprising the following steps: Based on digital signature technology, the signature S used when signing the contract is bound to the verifier ID to prevent tampering; Perform a strict authenticity verification process under the public key infrastructure (PKI) on the submitted signature S, and use the encryption algorithm A to verify the consistency between the signature and the user ID; If the signature authenticity verification fails, the contract is rejected and a warning notification is sent to all associated nodes N; if it passes, the trust score on each node is updated, T(N)=T(N)+ΔT, where ΔT>0 is a positive real number less than 1; The anti-counterfeiting mark W is used to stamp the successfully verified record with a timestamp and attach it to the end of the contract document to ensure the unforgeable nature of the digital signature and effectively solve the problem of how to strictly verify the authenticity verification process of the digital signature to solve the security risk of forged signatures.

8. According to claim 1, a method for signing an electronic contract based on blockchain technology is characterized in that: At every major decision or change in contract status Cn, the following operations must be performed: Record the timestamp Ts of the change time and its specific content description D based on the current decision / state change point; Calculate the state hash Hc(Cn1) of the previous historical version; Update the latest state Cn and construct a new hash value Hc(Cn), then link the old hash Hc(Cn1) to form a chain structure Chain; The updated information is stored together with the complete Chain to ensure that each status change is permanently recorded, so as to meet the problem of how to record the entire history of contract status changes to solve the problem of inconsistent contract status during multi-party collaboration.

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