Unsymmetrical pressure tunnel lining crack performance analysis method and system

Abstract

The invention provides an unsymmetrical pressure tunnel lining crack performance analysis method and system. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out detailed geological survey on surrounding rocks in a tunnel construction area, obtaining lithology, stress distribution, deformation characteristics and crack development conditions of the surrounding rocks, and carrying out grading according to the characteristics of the surrounding rocks. Based on the grade of the surrounding rock, a proper primary support and secondary lining design scheme is selected, measures such as sprayed concrete, a reinforcing mesh and anchor rods are adopted, and the design is dynamically adjusted according to the deformation characteristic of the surrounding rock. In the construction process, monitoring points are arranged to collect surrounding rock stress, lining displacement, settlement, cracks and other data, the crack damage performance of the lining is analyzed and evaluated through data processing, and the crack forming and expanding trend is predicted. The tunnel lining design and construction scheme is dynamically adjusted according to the crack trend prediction result, in addition, the lining crack state is continuously monitored, the construction strategy and the reinforcement measure are adjusted through a feedback mechanism, and long-term safety and stability of the tunnel are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, and particularly to a method and a system for analyzing the cracking performance of a bias-pressure tunnel lining. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of the tunnel structure, the tunnel lining plays an important role in supporting the surrounding rock, ensuring the long-term stability of the tunnel, and ensuring the safe operation of the tunnel. However, with the progress of tunnel construction and the complexity of the geological environment where the tunnel is located, the lining is often affected by various factors such as the deformation of the surrounding rock, the change of in-situ stress, and the seepage of groundwater. Especially under the bias-pressure condition, the cracking problem of the tunnel lining becomes increasingly prominent, and the risk of lining failure and the trend of crack propagation seriously threaten the safety and long-term stability of the tunnel. Therefore, how to effectively evaluate and analyze the cracking performance of the lining has become a key technical issue in current tunnel engineering.

[0003] Traditional tunnel lining health monitoring methods mostly rely on manual inspections and single monitoring devices, and cannot comprehensively and real-timely obtain various important data of the surrounding rock and the lining, resulting in a lag in the early warning and prediction of lining cracking and a lack of in-depth understanding of the evolution process of lining cracking. With the development of tunnel construction technology and the progress of sensor technology, modern tunnel lining cracking monitoring has gradually tended to be intelligent, automated, and integrated. Using various sensor devices and advanced data processing technologies to build a real-time monitoring, analysis, and early warning system has become a research hotspot in the field of tunnel engineering.

[0004] At present, the cracking problem of the lining of bias-pressure tunnels is particularly serious. The main reason is that the stress distribution of the surrounding rock under the bias-pressure state is uneven, resulting in stress concentration in local areas, which in turn causes cracking and damage of the lining. How to dynamically adjust the design of the primary support and the secondary lining according to the characteristics of the tunnel surrounding rock, real-timely monitor the lining deformation, stress, and crack development during the tunnel construction process, timely discover potential cracking, and adjust the construction plan and reinforcement measures based on data feedback is an important technical guarantee for ensuring the long-term safe and stable operation of the tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the first main aspect of the present invention, a method for analyzing the cracking performance of a bias-pressure tunnel lining is proposed. The method includes, but is not limited to:

[0006] Step A: Conduct a detailed geological investigation on the surrounding rock of the tunnel construction area, obtain the lithology, stress distribution, deformation characteristics, and crack development of the surrounding rock, and classify the grade according to the characteristics of the surrounding rock;

[0007] Step B: According to different grades of surrounding rock, select appropriate initial support and secondary lining design schemes. The design schemes include the use of shotcrete, wire mesh, and rock bolts, and dynamically adjust the initial support design according to the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock;

[0008] Step C: Set multiple monitoring points during tunnel construction, and collect and record data on surrounding rock stress, lining displacement, settlement, and crack development parameters in real time. The monitoring points are located at key positions inside and outside the tunnel;

[0009] Step D: Through data processing and analysis, evaluate the cracking performance of the lining, calculate and predict the trend of crack formation and expansion based on the data, and generate a lining health assessment report;

[0010] Step E: Dynamically adjust the tunnel lining design and construction scheme according to the prediction results of the lining cracking trend, specifically including optimizing the support design and increasing reinforcement measures, such as using advanced small duct grouting, pipe shed support, and shotcrete secondary lining;

[0011] Step F: During tunnel construction and operation, continuously monitor the cracking state of the lining, conduct real-time analysis using the feedback mechanism, and further adjust the construction strategy and reinforcement measures according to the feedback data.

[0012] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0013] Geological investigation and classification of the surrounding rock. Before tunnel construction, conduct a detailed geological investigation of the surrounding rock in the tunnel construction area to obtain the lithology, stress distribution, deformation characteristics, and crack development of the surrounding rock. Based on these investigation data and combined with geological characteristics, evaluate the stability and crack development potential of the surrounding rock, and classify the surrounding rock into different grades. This classification provides a basis for subsequent tunnel support design and construction schemes.

[0014] Select appropriate support and lining design schemes. According to different grades of the surrounding rock, select appropriate initial support and secondary lining design schemes. In the initial support scheme, use materials and structures such as shotcrete, wire mesh, and rock bolts for support to ensure the stability during the initial tunnel construction process. For areas with large deformation of the surrounding rock, the initial support design can be dynamically adjusted according to the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock, increasing the support strength and adding a support system to reduce the risk of lining cracking.

[0015] Set up real-time monitoring points and data collection. During the tunnel construction process, set up multiple monitoring points to cover the key parts inside and outside the tunnel. These monitoring points will collect important parameter data such as surrounding rock stress, lining displacement, settlement, and crack development in real time to comprehensively monitor the interaction between the surrounding rock and the lining. The setting of monitoring points can be adjusted according to the actual situation of different construction stages to ensure effective coverage of key parts. Monitoring equipment includes stress sensors, displacement sensors, crack monitors, temperature and humidity sensors, and laser rangefinders, etc., which collect and upload monitoring data in real time.

[0016] Data processing and crack damage performance evaluation. By processing and analyzing the real-time collected monitoring data, evaluate the crack damage performance of the lining. Using data analysis tools, combined with the stress distribution of the surrounding rock, the displacement of the lining, and the crack development situation, evaluate the health status of the lining, judge the location, degree of lining crack damage, and the trend of crack propagation. According to the analysis results, generate a lining health assessment report, which includes the lining crack damage grade, the number of cracks, the crack width, the crack distribution, and the predicted lining life.

[0017] Dynamically adjust the lining design and construction plan. According to the prediction results of the lining crack damage trend, dynamically adjust the tunnel lining design and construction plan. By means of optimizing the support design, increasing reinforcement measures, etc., to enhance the crack resistance of the lining. Specific reinforcement measures include using advanced small duct grouting, pipe shed support, shotcrete secondary lining, etc. In severely damaged areas, high-strength C30 concrete can be used for secondary lining reinforcement, or a reinforced concrete lining and pipe shed reinforcement structure can be used for local reinforcement. In addition, the advanced small duct grouting reinforcement technology can be used in geologically complex areas to enhance the stability of the surrounding rock and avoid lining damage caused by water penetration.

[0018] Continuous monitoring and feedback mechanism. During the tunnel construction and operation process, continuously monitor the crack damage state of the lining and use the feedback mechanism for real-time analysis. According to the feedback data, further adjust the construction strategy and reinforcement measures to ensure the stability of the lining during long-term operation. This feedback mechanism can not only timely detect potential crack damage risks but also provide a scientific basis for subsequent reinforcement measures, thus realizing dynamic management and optimization.

[0019] In some embodiments, as a further preferred solution, the monitoring points include key parts on the lining surface, outside the surrounding rock, the tunnel top, and both side walls to comprehensively monitor the interaction between the surrounding rock and the lining.

[0020] In some embodiments, as a further preferred solution, the setting of the monitoring points can be adjusted according to the actual situation of different construction stages to ensure effective coverage of key monitoring points.

[0021] In some embodiments, as a further preferred solution, the acquisition of the monitoring data is carried out by setting the following monitoring devices:

[0022] Stress sensors, displacement sensors, crack monitors, temperature and humidity sensors, and laser rangefinders are used to collect various parameter data inside and outside the tunnel in real time;

[0023] The devices can be dynamically adjusted according to different construction stages and uploaded to the monitoring system in real time for data processing and analysis.

[0024] In some embodiments, as a further preferred solution, the lining health assessment report includes the lining damage level, the number of cracks, the crack width, the crack distribution, and the estimated lining life, and provides corresponding maintenance suggestions.

[0025] In some embodiments, as a further preferred solution, the reinforcement measures include but are not limited to:

[0026] In severely damaged areas, secondary lining is carried out with high-strength C30 concrete;

[0027] Local reinforcement is carried out using reinforced concrete lining and pipe shed reinforcement structures;

[0028] In areas with complex geology, advanced small pipe grouting reinforcement technology is adopted to enhance the stability of the surrounding rock;

[0029] A waterproof lining design is adopted to prevent lining damage caused by water seepage.

[0030] Based on the second main aspect of the present invention, a system for analyzing the damage performance of a bias tunnel lining is proposed. The system includes but is not limited to:

[0031] Geological exploration module: used to collect geological information of the surrounding rock in the tunnel construction area, including lithology, stress distribution, deformation characteristics, and crack development;

[0032] Monitoring module: includes stress sensors, displacement sensors, crack monitors, temperature and humidity sensors, and laser rangefinders installed in the tunnel, which are used to collect various monitoring data of the surrounding rock and lining in real time;

[0033] Data processing module: used to process and analyze the data from the monitoring module, identify the possible locations and trends of lining damage, and generate an analysis report;

[0034] Adjustment module: automatically generates a construction strategy according to the analysis report and manually adjusts it to select appropriate reinforcement measures,

[0035] Feedback module: continuously feedbacks the monitoring data according to the adjusted construction strategy, evaluates the reinforcement effect, and adjusts the construction process.

[0036] In some embodiments, as a further preferred solution, the data processing module analyzes the monitoring data through machine learning algorithms to improve the accuracy of crack damage prediction.

[0037] Based on the third main aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that when the program is executed, it implements the bias tunnel lining crack damage performance analysis method as described above.

[0038] Based on the fourth main aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hardware device for analyzing the crack damage performance of a bias tunnel lining, including a data memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the data memory and operable on the processor, characterized in that when the processor executes the program, it implements the bias tunnel lining crack damage performance analysis method as described above.

[0039] Advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0040] By combining geological exploration, real-time monitoring, and data analysis technologies, the present invention comprehensively evaluates the crack damage performance of tunnel linings, can timely detect potential cracks and predict the trend of crack propagation, thereby significantly improving the safety and long-term stability of tunnel linings. At the same time, dynamically adjust the lining design and construction plan to ensure that the tunnel can maintain good structural stability in complex geological environments.

[0041] Utilizing sensor technology and advanced data processing methods, the present invention can real-time monitor the interaction state between surrounding rocks and linings, and dynamically adjust the construction plan and support design according to real-time data and crack damage prediction results. By taking targeted reinforcement measures, the crack damage risks during construction and operation are effectively reduced, unnecessary resource waste is reduced, and the reinforcement effect is optimized.

[0042] The present invention also establishes a continuous monitoring and feedback mechanism to ensure that the crack damage state during tunnel construction and operation can be analyzed and adjusted in a timely manner. Through machine learning algorithms and comparison with historical data, the system can not only accurately predict the development of crack damage, but also provide a reliable basis for future construction decisions, enhance the long-term operation guarantee of tunnel linings, and improve the economy and reliability of tunnel engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, obtaining other drawings based on these drawings still belongs to the scope of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the method steps of an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0045] The following will elaborate on the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail to more clearly understand the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the following embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention, but only illustrate the essential spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0046] In the following description, for the purpose of explaining various disclosed embodiments, certain specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. However, those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that the embodiments can be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known devices, structures, and techniques associated with the present application may not be shown or described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure the description of the embodiments.

[0047] References to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" throughout the specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of "in an embodiment" or "in one embodiment" throughout the specification need not all refer to the same embodiment. Additionally, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any manner in one or more embodiments.

[0048] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0049] As Figure 1 shown, it is a schematic diagram of the work flow of a method for analyzing the crack damage performance of a bias tunnel lining provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The specific implementation manners of an embodiment of the present invention are as follows:

[0050] Step A: Conduct a detailed geological survey on the surrounding rock of the tunnel construction area, obtain the lithology, stress distribution, deformation characteristics, and crack development of the surrounding rock, and classify the surrounding rock according to its characteristics;

[0051] Before tunnel construction, conduct a detailed geological survey on the surrounding rock of the tunnel construction area to obtain the lithology, stress distribution, deformation characteristics, and crack development of the surrounding rock. Through these survey data, combined with geological characteristics, evaluate the stability and crack development potential of the surrounding rock, and classify the surrounding rock into different grades (such as stable, relatively stable, weakly stable, etc.). This classification provides a basis for subsequent tunnel support design and construction plans.

[0052] Step B: According to different grades of surrounding rock, select appropriate initial support and secondary lining design schemes. The design schemes include the use of shotcrete, wire mesh, and rock bolts, and dynamically adjust the initial support design according to the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock;

[0053] According to different grades of surrounding rock, select appropriate initial support and secondary lining design schemes. In the initial support scheme, materials and structures such as shotcrete, wire mesh, and rock bolts are used for support to ensure the stability during the initial construction of the tunnel. For areas with large deformation of the surrounding rock, the initial support design can be dynamically adjusted according to the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock, increasing the support strength and adding support systems to reduce the risk of lining damage.

[0054] Step C: Set multiple monitoring points during the tunnel construction process to collect and record in real time the data of surrounding rock stress, lining displacement, settlement, and crack development parameters. The monitoring points are set at key positions inside and outside the tunnel;

[0055] During the tunnel construction process, set multiple monitoring points covering key positions inside and outside the tunnel. These monitoring points will collect in real time important parameter data such as surrounding rock stress, lining displacement, settlement, and crack development to comprehensively monitor the interaction between the surrounding rock and the lining. The setting of monitoring points can be adjusted according to the actual situation of different construction stages to ensure effective coverage of key positions. Monitoring equipment includes stress sensors, displacement sensors, crack monitors, temperature and humidity sensors, and laser rangefinders, etc., which collect and upload monitoring data in real time.

[0056] Among them, the monitoring points are set at key positions on the lining surface, outside the surrounding rock, the top of the tunnel, and both side walls to ensure comprehensive monitoring of the interaction between the surrounding rock and the lining. The layout of the monitoring points can be flexibly adjusted according to the construction stage to ensure real-time monitoring of key positions.

[0057] Step D: Through data processing and analysis, evaluate the damage performance of the lining, and calculate and predict the trend of crack formation and expansion based on the data to generate a lining health assessment report;

[0058] Through processing and analyzing the real-time collected monitoring data, evaluate the damage performance of the lining. Using data analysis tools, combined with the stress distribution of the surrounding rock, the displacement and crack development of the lining, evaluate the health status of the lining, judge the location, degree of lining damage, and the trend of crack expansion. According to the analysis results, generate a lining health assessment report, which includes the lining damage grade, the number of cracks, the crack width, the crack distribution, and the predicted lining life.

[0059] Step E: According to the prediction results of the lining damage trend, dynamically adjust the tunnel lining design and construction scheme, specifically including optimizing the support design and adding reinforcement measures, specifically including using advanced small duct grouting, pipe shed support, and shotcrete secondary lining;

[0060] According to the prediction results of the lining crack damage trend, dynamically adjust the tunnel lining design and construction plan. By means of optimizing the support design, increasing reinforcement measures, etc., to enhance the crack resistance of the lining. Specific reinforcement measures include adopting advanced small duct grouting, pipe shed support, shotcrete secondary lining, etc. In severely damaged areas, high-strength C30 concrete can be used for secondary lining reinforcement, or a reinforced concrete lining and a pipe shed reinforcement structure can be used for local reinforcement. In addition, the advanced small duct grouting reinforcement technology can also be adopted in areas with complex geology to enhance the stability of the surrounding rock and avoid lining damage caused by water penetration.

[0061] Step F: During the tunnel construction and operation process, continuously monitor the lining crack damage state, use the feedback mechanism for real-time analysis, and further adjust the construction strategy and reinforcement measures according to the feedback data.

[0062] During the tunnel construction and operation process, continuously monitor the crack damage state of the lining, and use the feedback mechanism for real-time analysis. According to the feedback data, further adjust the construction strategy and reinforcement measures to ensure the stability of the lining during long-term operation. This feedback mechanism can not only timely detect potential crack damage risks, but also provide a scientific basis for subsequent reinforcement measures, so as to realize dynamic management and optimization.

[0063] In each embodiment of the present invention, the functions of each module / unit are as follows:

[0064] Geological exploration module: used to collect geological information of the surrounding rock in the tunnel construction area, including lithology, stress distribution, deformation characteristics and crack development;

[0065] Monitoring module: including stress sensors, displacement sensors, crack monitors, temperature and humidity sensors and laser rangefinders installed in the tunnel, used to collect various monitoring data of the surrounding rock and lining in real time;

[0066] Data processing module: used to process and analyze the data from the monitoring module, identify the possible positions and trends of lining crack damage, and generate an analysis report;

[0067] Adjustment module: automatically generate a construction strategy according to the analysis report and manually adjust it to select appropriate reinforcement measures,

[0068] Feedback module: continuously feedback the monitoring data according to the adjusted construction strategy, evaluate the reinforcement effect and adjust the construction process.

[0069] At the beginning of the project, the first step is to conduct on-site investigation and data collection: before the tunnel construction, a detailed geological survey is carried out. A team of geological experts is dispatched to investigate the surrounding rock in the tunnel construction area and collect data such as lithology, ground stress, surrounding rock deformation characteristics and crack development. This stage mainly relies on drilling, physical detection and other means to collect comprehensive geotechnical data.

[0070] Based on the collected geological data, the surrounding rock is divided into different grades. For each grade, a detailed stability analysis is carried out to evaluate its impact on the tunnel structure. The evaluation results are handed over to the design team to provide a basis for the design of the tunnel support structure.

[0071] Among them, in general projects, the topography of the tunnel area is low mountains and hills with large undulating terrain and a slope of 20° to 45°; the strata are mainly Quaternary alluvial and diluvial layers and Middle Jurassic sandstone and mudstone interlayers. The geological structure is complex and there are multiple fault fracture zones. The surrounding rock is divided into Grade III, Grade IV, and Grade V. Grade V surrounding rock is a fracture zone and weak surrounding rock.

[0072] According to the different surrounding rock grades, appropriate initial support and secondary lining design solutions are selected. At this time, the design solution will cover the use of materials such as shotcrete, steel mesh, anchors, etc. For those areas with strong surrounding rock deformation characteristics, the design solution will be dynamically adjusted to strengthen the support design and reduce the risk of lining damage.

[0073] For areas with complex geological conditions, stronger support designs can be adopted and reinforcement measures can be reserved.

[0074] Among them, the initial support: shotcrete thickness: 15cm for grade III surrounding rock, 18cm for grade IV surrounding rock, 20cm for grade V surrounding rock; anchor rod: Φ22 steel bar, length 2.5m, spacing 1.0m×1.2m; plum blossom shape arrangement; steel arch frame: I-beam I18, spacing 0.75m; steel mesh: Φ8@20cm×20cm. The secondary lining concrete strength is C30 and the thickness is 35cm.

[0075] During the tunnel construction process, multiple monitoring points are set up to collect real-time data. These monitoring points include key locations inside and outside the tunnel. The equipment includes stress sensors, displacement sensors, crack monitors, etc., which collect real-time data on surrounding rock stress, lining displacement, settlement, and crack development.

[0076] The equipment at each monitoring point will be dynamically adjusted according to the different stages of construction to ensure that the most critical areas are effectively monitored at different stages. For example, in the early stages, the stress concentration points of the surrounding rock are monitored, and in the later stages, the displacement and crack expansion of the lining are focused on.

[0077] The monitored data will be sent to the data processing module for analysis. The interaction between the surrounding rock and the lining is simulated using data analysis software to identify potential locations of crack formation.

[0078] The data analysis module will also compare historical data with real-time data, generate a graph of the development trend of crack damage, and evaluate the health status of the lining.

[0079] Based on the analysis results, a health assessment report of the lining will be generated. The report includes the level of lining crack damage, the number of cracks, the width and distribution of cracks, and provides the predicted lifespan of the lining and maintenance suggestions.

[0080] This report is for reference by engineers and decision-makers to help optimize subsequent construction and reinforcement strategies.

[0081] According to the crack damage performance assessment report, for areas with relatively severe crack damage or a fast development trend, it is decided whether to take reinforcement measures. Reinforcement measures include using high-strength concrete for secondary lining, increasing reinforced concrete lining, using pipe shed reinforcement and other techniques. In some areas with complex geology, advanced small pipe grouting technology may be adopted to improve the stability of the surrounding rock and avoid external factors such as water seepage from exacerbating lining crack damage.

[0082] During the subsequent construction and operation of the tunnel, continuously monitor the crack damage status of the lining. Through a feedback mechanism, send real-time monitoring data into the analysis system to evaluate the effectiveness of the reinforcement measures.

[0083] If the monitoring data indicates that the reinforcement measures are not ideal, or there is a new crack damage trend in the lining, it is necessary to adjust the construction plan again and carry out necessary reinforcement or design adjustments.

[0084] Among them, the monitoring content:

[0085] Dynamic monitoring of the surrounding rock: Arrange peripheral displacement points and use a total station to measure the deformation of the surrounding rock.

[0086] Monitoring of bolt axial force: Use force sensors to monitor the force on the bolts in real time.

[0087] Crack monitoring: Use a crack caliper to measure the crack width; use displacement gauges to monitor cracks in key areas.

[0088] Monitoring of steel frame internal force: Install strain gauges to detect the deformation of the steel frame.

[0089] Setting of warning values:

[0090] Rate of surrounding rock displacement: Not exceeding 2 mm per day.

[0091] Bolt axial force: Not exceeding 70% of the design value.

[0092] Feedback mechanism:

[0093] Real-time data upload and analysis. If the monitored data is close to the warning value, immediately initiate the adjustment plan.

[0094] Adjustment measures: Add a shotcrete layer, densify the bolts, or increase the steel frames.

[0095] Based on the lining health assessment report and feedback data, formulate a regular maintenance and optimization plan. This includes reinforcement treatment for areas with rapid crack propagation to prevent further crack development and affect the long-term stability of the tunnel. Conduct deformation detection on the tunnel once every quarter, focusing on observing the development of lining cracks; equip with soil and water conservation equipment to detect the soil loss around the tunnel and prevent secondary disasters.

[0096] After the tunnel is completed, conduct a final lining health assessment to confirm the effectiveness of the reinforcement measures and ensure that the lining meets the design safety standards.

[0097] Specifically, when the various modules in the bias tunnel lining crack damage performance analysis system described in the embodiments of the present invention are used, they adopt the same technical means as the bias tunnel lining crack damage performance analysis method described in the accompanying drawings and can produce the same technical effects, which will not be elaborated here.

[0098] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0099] In addition, in each embodiment of the present invention, the various functional modules can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

[0100] Where the present invention is not elaborated, it is all well-known technology to those skilled in the art.

[0101] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing crack damage performance of biased tunnel lining, characterized in that: Including but not limited to the following steps: Step A: Conduct a detailed geological survey of the surrounding rock in the tunnel construction area to obtain the rock properties, stress distribution, deformation characteristics and crack development of the surrounding rock, and classify the surrounding rock according to its characteristics; Step B: Select appropriate initial support and secondary lining design schemes according to different grades of surrounding rock, the design schemes including the use of shotcrete, steel mesh and anchors, and dynamically adjust the initial support design according to the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock; Step C: during the tunnel construction process, multiple monitoring points are set up to collect and record the surrounding rock stress, lining displacement, settlement, and crack development parameter data in real time, wherein the monitoring points are set up at key locations inside and outside the tunnel; Step D: Evaluate the crack damage performance of the lining through data processing and analysis, and predict the trend of crack formation and expansion based on data calculation to generate a lining health assessment report; Step E: According to the prediction results of lining crack damage trend, dynamically adjust the tunnel lining design and construction plan, including optimizing support design and adding reinforcement measures, including using advanced small-duct grouting, pipe shed support, and shotcrete secondary lining; Step F: During tunnel construction and operation, the lining crack damage status is continuously monitored, and the feedback mechanism is used for real-time analysis. Construction strategies and reinforcement measures are further adjusted based on the feedback data.

2. The method for analyzing crack damage performance of biased tunnel lining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring points include key locations on the lining surface, the outside of the surrounding rock, the tunnel top and both side walls, so as to comprehensively monitor the interaction between the surrounding rock and the lining.

3. The method for analyzing crack damage performance of biased tunnel lining according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The setting of the monitoring points can be adjusted according to the actual conditions of different construction stages to ensure effective coverage of key monitoring points.

4. The method for analyzing crack damage performance of biased tunnel lining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring data is collected by setting up the following monitoring equipment: Stress sensors, displacement sensors, crack monitors, temperature and humidity sensors, and laser rangefinders collect real-time data on various parameters inside and outside the tunnel; The equipment can be dynamically adjusted according to different construction stages and uploaded to the monitoring system in real time for data processing and analysis.

5. The method for analyzing crack damage performance of biased tunnel lining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lining health assessment report includes lining damage grade, number of cracks, crack width, crack distribution and estimated lining life, and provides corresponding maintenance recommendations.

6. The method for analyzing crack damage performance of biased tunnel lining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reinforcement measures include but are not limited to: High-strength C30 concrete is used for secondary lining in areas with severe cracks; Local reinforcement using reinforced concrete lining and pipe-roof reinforcement structures; In geologically complex areas, the advanced small-duct grouting reinforcement technology is used to enhance the stability of the surrounding rock; Adopt waterproof lining design to prevent lining damage caused by water penetration.

7. A system for analyzing crack damage performance of biased tunnel lining, characterized in that: The system includes but is not limited to: Geological survey module: used to collect geological information of the surrounding rock in the tunnel construction area, including lithology, stress distribution, deformation characteristics and crack development; Monitoring module: including stress sensors, displacement sensors, crack monitors, temperature and humidity sensors and laser rangefinders installed in the tunnel, used to collect various monitoring data of surrounding rock and lining in real time; Data processing module: used to process and analyze the data from the monitoring module, identify the location and trend of possible lining cracks, and generate analysis reports; Adjustment module: According to the analysis report, automatically generate construction strategies and manually adjust them to select appropriate reinforcement measures. Feedback module: Provide continuous feedback on monitoring data based on the adjusted construction strategy, evaluate reinforcement effects and adjust the construction process.

8. The bias-pressure tunnel lining crack damage performance analysis system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The data processing module analyzes the monitoring data through a machine learning algorithm to improve the accuracy of crack damage prediction.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed, the method for analyzing crack damage performance of biased tunnel lining as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A hardware device for high-ground stress analysis of a long-span soft gas tunnel, comprising a data storage device, a processor, and a computer program stored in the data storage device and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the method for analyzing crack damage performance of biased tunnel lining as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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