Fabricated building management method based on BIM

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM-based fabricated building management method, and relates to the technical field of fabricated buildings, and the method comprises the following steps: extracting the type of a prefabricated part, the demand of the prefabricated part, and the use condition of the prefabricated part in a corresponding construction stage through a BIM model through a data collection module; according to the building management method, dynamic factors such as the construction speed and weather influence are considered, accurate prediction of the requirements of the prefabricated parts of the BIM fabricated building is achieved, project managers can better master the supply condition of the prefabricated parts, comprehensive optimization of logistics cost is achieved through accurate calculation of delay cost, and the construction efficiency is improved. According to the technical scheme of the invention, a manager can timely take targeted optimization measures, the direct cost and the indirect cost can be comprehensively analyzed, the comprehensive evaluation of the cost benefit is realized, the project manager can accurately understand the economic benefit and progress control condition of the project, more scientific and comprehensive support is provided for decision making, and an excellent management effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated buildings, and specifically to a management method for prefabricated buildings based on BIM. Background Technique

[0002] BIM technology integrates the geometric, material, cost, and time information of a building through a three-dimensional digital model to achieve holographic display and dynamic management. BIM can perform precise modeling and virtual assembly to ensure the feasibility and optimization of the design. During the construction stage, the BIM model can accurately locate and simulate the installation of prefabricated components, reduce errors and rework, and improve construction efficiency and quality.

[0003] Existing building management methods may predict the demand for prefabricated components based on historical data and experience, and may ignore the dynamic change factors during the construction process. That is, the construction speed and weather may lead to inaccurate prediction of the demand for prefabricated components, resulting in waste of resources or insufficient supply. In addition, existing management methods may lack precise analysis of the logistics cost of prefabricated components, which may lead to high logistics costs. Moreover, when conducting cost-benefit analysis on BIM prefabricated buildings, existing methods may only consider direct costs and ignore the impact of indirect costs such as time costs and delay costs on the total cost-benefit, resulting in incomplete analysis results and difficulty in accurately evaluating the economic benefits of the project, and thus the overall building management efficiency is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a management method for prefabricated buildings based on BIM, which solves the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A management method for prefabricated buildings based on BIM, including the following steps: Step Ⅰ: Extract the types of prefabricated components, the demand for prefabricated components, and the usage of prefabricated components in the corresponding construction stage from the BIM model through the data acquisition module; Step Ⅱ: Input the types of prefabricated components, the demand for prefabricated components, and the usage of prefabricated components in the corresponding construction stage into the processing module. The processing module performs data cleaning and data sorting on the input data, and the processing module outputs the number of types of prefabricated components n, the demand for the i-th type of prefabricated component NAQ i and the planned usage ratio NAP of the i-th type of prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage i，t ; Step Ⅲ: The number of types of prefabricated components n, the demand for the i-th type of prefabricated component NAQ i and the planned usage ratio NAP of the i-th type of prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage i，tInput into the calculation management module, and the calculation management module outputs the total number of precast components required for the t-th construction stage, the logistics optimization cost of the t-th construction stage, and the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value of the entire project; Among them, the calculation management module includes a precast component demand sub-module, a cost management sub-module, and a comprehensive benefit sub-module; Step IV: Input the total number of precast components required for the t-th construction stage, the logistics optimization cost of the t-th construction stage, and the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value of the entire project into the management analysis module. The management analysis module analyzes the cost situation of each construction stage, identifies the links with cost overruns and low benefits, and then formulates targeted optimization measures according to the analysis results. During the project implementation process, continuously monitor the construction progress and cost situation to adjust and improve the optimization measures according to the actual situation.

[0006] Optionally, the calculation formula of the precast component demand sub-module is as follows: ; Where: NOC t Refers to the total number of precast components required for the t-th construction stage, n refers to the number of types of precast components, i refers to the index of the type of precast component, NAQ i Refers to the demand for the i-th type of precast component, NAP i，t Refers to the planned usage ratio of the i-th type of precast component in the t-th construction stage, NAS i，t Refers to the construction speed coefficient of the i-th type of precast component in the t-th construction stage, NAW i，t Refers to the weather influence coefficient of the i-th type of precast component in the t-th construction stage, NAQ i ×NAP i，t Refers to the estimated usage amount of the i-th type of precast component in the t-th construction stage, NAS i，t ×NAW i，t Refers to the adjusted construction speed coefficient; The processing process of the precast component demand sub-module is as follows: Input the number of types of precast components n, the demand for the i-th type of precast component NAQ i and the planned usage ratio NAP i，t of the i-th type of precast component in the t-th construction stage into the precast component demand sub-module, and the precast component demand sub-module outputs the total number of precast components NOC t .

[0007] Optionally, the calculation formula of the cost management sub-module is as follows: ; Where: LPC tThe logistics optimization cost for the t-th construction stage is denoted as LPC, the transportation cost per unit precast component is denoted as LPCA, the warehousing cost per unit precast component per day is denoted as LPCB, the storage time of the precast component in the warehouse is denoted as LPCC, the weight factor of the delay cost is denoted as LA, and LPCD t denotes the number of delay days caused by components in the t-th construction stage, that is, the number of delay days due to insufficient supply of precast components. LPCA + LPCB×LPCC denotes the total logistics cost per unit precast component, and LA×LPCD t denotes the delay cost for the t-th construction stage; The processing process of the cost management sub-module is as follows: Input the total number of precast components required in the t-th construction stage into the cost management sub-module, and output the logistics optimization cost LPC for the t-th construction stage based on the transportation cost LPCA per unit precast component and the warehousing cost LPCB per unit precast component per day t .

[0008] Optionally, the calculation formula of the comprehensive benefit sub-module is as follows: If the actual completion time CDWB of the t-th construction stage t is less than or equal to the planned completion time CDWC of the t-th construction stage t , then the calculation formula of the comprehensive benefit sub-module is: ; If the actual completion time CDWB of the t-th construction stage t is greater than the planned completion time CDWC of the t-th construction stage t , then the calculation formula of the comprehensive benefit sub-module is: ; Where: CDW denotes the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value of the entire project, T denotes the total number of construction stages, t denotes the index of the total construction stages, CDWA denotes the cost per unit precast component, CA denotes the weight factor of the time delay cost, CDWB t denotes the actual completion time of the t-th construction stage, CDWC t denotes the planned completion time of the t-th construction stage, and CA×(CDWB t −CDWC t ) denotes the time delay cost of the t-th construction stage.

[0009] The processing process of the comprehensive benefit sub-module is as follows: Input the total number of precast components NOC required in the t-th construction stage t and the logistics optimization cost LPC of the t-th construction stage t into the comprehensive benefit sub-module, and the comprehensive benefit sub-module outputs the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value CDW of the entire project.

[0010] Optionally, the calculation formula for the construction speed coefficient of the i-th precast component in the t-th construction stage in the precast component demand sub-module is as follows: ; Where: NNA i，t refers to the average construction speed of the i-th precast component in the t-th construction stage in historical data, NNB i，t refers to the construction speed evaluation value of the i-th precast component in the t-th construction stage, NNC i，t refers to the real-time monitoring speed of the i-th precast component in the t-th construction stage, NN1 refers to the weight of historical data, NN2 refers to the weight of expert evaluation, and NN3 refers to the weight of real-time monitoring data.

[0011] Optionally, the calculation formula for the weather influence coefficient of the i-th precast component in the t-th construction stage in the precast component demand sub-module is as follows: ; Where: NLA i，t refers to the sensitivity index of the i-th precast component to weather conditions in the t-th construction stage, NLC i，t refers to the weather condition parameter of the i-th precast component in the t-th construction stage in real-time monitoring data, NN4 refers to the sensitivity weight of specific weather conditions, and NN6 refers to the weight of monitoring data.

[0012] Optionally, the calculation formula for the sensitivity index of the i-th precast component to weather conditions in the t-th construction stage in the precast component demand sub-module is as follows: ; Where: NNA refers to the weight of each weather factor, and NNAA refers to the score corresponding to each weather factor.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention outputs the total number of precast components required in the t-th construction stage through the precast component demand sub-module. This sub-module introduces the construction speed coefficient and the weather influence coefficient to more accurately predict the demand for precast components. Based on the BIM technology, this sub-module can accurately simulate the construction process of the prefabricated building, and then accurately predict the demand for precast components in each construction stage, which helps to reduce the problems of component surplus and shortage caused by inaccurate prediction. The calculation of the total number of precast components required in the t-th construction stage can accurately predict the demand for precast components and provide accurate data support for the BIM model, thereby optimizing resource allocation, reducing material waste and lowering costs.

[0014] II. The cost management sub-module of the present invention outputs the logistics optimization cost for the t-th construction stage. This sub-module directly reflects the delay days as the delay cost, making the calculation results more specific and interpretable. By considering the construction speed coefficient and the weather influence coefficient, this sub-module can calculate the logistics optimization cost more accurately, thereby helping project managers formulate more economical logistics plans. The reduction of logistics optimization cost means the improvement of logistics efficiency, which helps to shorten the construction period and enhance the overall project benefit. This sub-module considers the delay days caused by insufficient supply of precast components, which helps project managers identify potential risks in advance and take corresponding countermeasures. The calculation of the logistics optimization cost for the t-th construction stage reduces costs through logistics optimization to improve the overall project benefit, and considers weather and construction speed factors to enhance the flexibility and adaptability of the logistics plan.

[0015] III. The comprehensive benefit sub-module of the present invention outputs the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value CDW for the entire project. This sub-module reflects the early or delayed situation of the project by introducing the difference between the actual completion time and the planned completion time, making the cost-benefit analysis more comprehensive and accurate. This sub-module comprehensively considers the cost of precast components, the logistics optimization cost, and the time cost, providing a comprehensive cost-benefit evaluation tool for project managers. The comprehensive cost-benefit analysis result can directly reflect the improvement of project value, providing a quantitative evaluation basis for project managers. The calculation of the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value for the entire project can comprehensively evaluate the cost-benefit, provide decision support for project managers, and quantify the improvement of project value, providing an objective basis for project evaluation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the step flow chart of the BIM-based prefabricated building management method; Figure 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the BIM-based prefabricated building management method; Figure 3 is the structure schematic diagram of the calculation management module in the BIM-based prefabricated building management method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0017] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] Regarding this BIM-based prefabricated building management method, it is different from the existing building management methods. The existing building management methods may mostly predict the demand for prefabricated components based on historical data and experience, and may ignore the dynamic factors during the construction process. That is, the construction speed and weather impacts may lead to inaccurate prediction of the demand for prefabricated components, which may in turn cause waste of resources or insufficient supply. Also, the existing management methods may lack precise analysis of the logistics costs of prefabricated components, which may lead to high logistics costs. Moreover, when conducting cost-benefit analysis on BIM prefabricated buildings, the existing methods may only consider direct costs and ignore the impacts of indirect costs such as time costs and delay costs on the total cost-benefit. This results in incomplete analysis results, making it difficult to accurately evaluate the economic benefits of the project, and thus the overall building management efficiency is poor.

[0019] However, this building management method realizes precise prediction of the demand for prefabricated components of BIM prefabricated buildings by considering dynamic factors such as construction speed and weather impacts. This helps project managers better grasp the supply situation of prefabricated components. And through precise calculation of delay costs, it achieves comprehensive optimization of logistics costs, facilitating managers to take targeted optimization measures in a timely manner. Also, it can comprehensively analyze direct costs and indirect costs to achieve a comprehensive assessment of cost-benefit, helping project managers accurately understand the economic benefits and progress control of the project, providing more scientific and comprehensive support for decision-making, and achieving excellent management effects.

[0020] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , this embodiment provides a BIM-based prefabricated building management method, including the following steps: Step Ⅰ: Extract the types of prefabricated components, the demand for prefabricated components, and the usage of prefabricated components in the corresponding construction stages from the BIM model through the data collection module; Step Ⅱ: Input the types of prefabricated components, the demand for prefabricated components, and the usage of prefabricated components in the corresponding construction stages into the processing module. The processing module performs data cleaning and data sorting on the input data, and the processing module outputs the number of types of prefabricated components n, the demand for the i-th type of prefabricated component NAQ i and the planned usage ratio NAP of the i-th type of prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage i，t ; Step Ⅲ: Input the number of types of prefabricated components n, the demand for the i-th type of prefabricated component NAQ i and the planned usage ratio NAP of the i-th type of prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage i，t into the calculation management module. The calculation management module outputs the total number of prefabricated components required in the t-th construction stage, the logistics optimization cost in the t-th construction stage, and the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value of the entire project; Among them, the calculation management module includes a prefabricated component requirement sub-module, a cost management sub-module, and a comprehensive benefit sub-module; Step IV: Input the total number of prefabricated components required in the t-th construction stage, the logistics optimization cost in the t-th construction stage, and the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value of the entire project into the management analysis module. The management analysis module analyzes the cost situation of each construction stage, identifies the links with cost overruns and low benefits, and then formulates targeted optimization measures according to the analysis results. During the project implementation process, continuously monitor the construction progress and cost situation to adjust and improve the optimization measures according to the actual situation.

[0021] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , and the processing process of the prefabricated component requirement sub-module is as follows: ; Among them: NOC t refers to the total number of prefabricated components required in the t-th construction stage, n refers to the number of types of prefabricated components, i refers to the index of the type of prefabricated component, and NAQ i refers to the demand quantity of the i-th type of prefabricated component, NAP i，t refers to the planned usage ratio of the i-th type of prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage, NAS i，t refers to the construction speed coefficient of the i-th type of prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage, NAW i，t refers to the weather influence coefficient of the i-th type of prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage, NAQ i ×NAP i，t refers to the estimated usage quantity of the i-th type of prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage, NAS i，t ×NAW i，t refers to the adjusted construction speed coefficient; Input the number of types of prefabricated components n, the demand quantity NAQ of the i-th type of prefabricated component i and the planned usage ratio NAP of the i-th type of prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage i，t into the prefabricated component requirement sub-module, and the prefabricated component requirement sub-module outputs the total number of prefabricated components NOC required in the t-th construction stage t。

[0022] In this embodiment: By introducing a construction speed coefficient and a weather impact coefficient, this sub-module can more accurately predict the demand for precast components, taking into account the dynamic change factors during the construction process. Based on BIM technology, this sub-module can precisely simulate the construction process of prefabricated buildings, thereby accurately predicting the demand for precast components at each construction stage. This helps reduce the problems of component surplus or shortage caused by inaccurate prediction. The visualization feature of the BIM model enables project managers to intuitively understand the demand situation of precast components, improving the transparency and traceability of management. Accurate prediction of precast component demand helps project managers plan in advance processes such as material procurement, production, transportation, and installation, thereby optimizing resource allocation, reducing costs. The calculation of NOCt can accurately predict the demand for precast components, providing accurate data support for the BIM model, optimizing resource allocation, reducing material waste, and lowering costs.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , and the processing process of the cost management sub-module is as follows: ; Among them: LPC t refers to the logistics optimization cost at the t-th construction stage, LPCA refers to the transportation cost per unit of precast component, LPCB refers to the warehousing cost per unit of precast component per day, LPCC refers to the storage time of precast components in the warehouse, LA refers to the weight factor of the delay cost, used to reflect the impact degree of delay on the project cost, LPCD t refers to the number of delay days caused by components at the t-th construction stage, that is, the number of delay days due to insufficient supply of precast components, LPCA + LPCB × LPCC refers to the total logistics cost per unit of precast component, LA × LPCD t refers to the delay cost at the t-th construction stage; Input the total number of precast components required at the t-th construction stage into the cost management sub-module, and output the logistics optimization cost LPC at the t-th construction stage based on the transportation cost LPCA per unit of precast component and the warehousing cost LPCB per unit of precast component per day t。

[0024] In this embodiment: This sub-module takes the number of delay days as a direct reflection of the delay cost, making the calculation result more specific and interpretable. By considering the construction speed coefficient and the weather impact coefficient, this sub-module can more accurately calculate the logistics optimization cost, thereby helping project managers formulate a more economical logistics plan. The reduction of the logistics optimization cost means the improvement of logistics efficiency, which helps shorten the construction period and enhance the overall project benefit. This sub-module takes into account the number of delay days caused by insufficient supply of precast components, which helps project managers identify potential risks in advance and take corresponding countermeasures. LPC tThe calculation reduces costs through logistics optimization, improves the overall project benefits, and enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the logistics plan by considering weather and construction speed factors.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , and the processing procedure of the comprehensive benefit sub-module is as follows: If the actual completion time CDWB of the t-th construction stage t is less than or equal to the planned completion time CDWC of the t-th construction stage t , then the calculation formula of the comprehensive benefit sub-module is: ; If the actual completion time CDWB of the t-th construction stage t is greater than the planned completion time CDWC of the t-th construction stage t , then the calculation formula of the comprehensive benefit sub-module is: ; Where: CDW refers to the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value of the entire project, T refers to the total number of construction stages, and t refers to the index of the total construction stages; CDWA refers to the cost of a unit precast component, which is directly collectable data, usually from the supplier's quotation or historical data; CA refers to the weight factor of the time delay cost; CDWB t refers to the actual completion time of the t-th construction stage, which is data to be collected, usually from the construction progress record; CDWC t refers to the planned completion time of the t-th construction stage, which is directly collectable data from the construction progress plan; CA × (CDWB t - CDWC t ) refers to the time delay cost of the t-th construction stage; Input the total number of precast components NOC t required for the t-th construction stage and the logistics optimization cost LPC t of the t-th construction stage into the comprehensive benefit sub-module, and the comprehensive benefit sub-module outputs the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value CDW of the entire project.

[0026] In this embodiment, by introducing the difference between the actual completion time and the planned completion time to reflect the early or delayed situation of the project, the cost-benefit analysis is made more comprehensive and accurate. This sub-module comprehensively considers the cost of precast components, logistics optimization cost, and time cost, providing a comprehensive cost-benefit evaluation tool for project managers. The result of the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis can directly reflect the improvement of project value, providing a quantitative evaluation basis for project managers. CDW can comprehensively evaluate the cost-benefit, provide decision support for project managers, quantify the improvement of project value, and provide an objective basis for project evaluation.

[0027] It should be noted that the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value CDW of the entire project is further calculated to affect the weight factor LA of the delay cost in the cost management sub-module, and then the logistics optimization cost LPC of the t-th construction stage t and the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value CDW of the entire project are continuously optimized. The specific processing process is as follows: First: ; Secondly, set the iteration termination conditions: Termination condition 1: The number of iterations is 100 times; Termination condition 2: ; Among them: LA new refers to the delay cost coefficient after iteration, LA old refers to the delay cost coefficient before iteration, SA refers to the adjustment coefficient used to control the change range of LA, and CSW refers to the expected comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value.

[0028] In this embodiment: The comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value CDW of the entire project comprehensively considers multiple aspects such as the demand forecast of precast components, logistics optimization costs, and time delay costs. By iteratively adjusting LA, CDW can more accurately reflect the cost-benefit situation in the actual project, thereby improving the accuracy and practicality of the comprehensive benefit sub-module. The iterative adjustment of LA can be dynamically adjusted according to the needs of the actual project. This flexibility enables the cost management sub-module to better adapt to the characteristics and requirements of different projects, thereby improving the calculation accuracy and applicability of logistics optimization costs. By iteratively adjusting LA, the supply of precast components can be better matched with the construction progress, thereby reducing the number of delay days caused by insufficient supply. This helps to optimize resource allocation, improve construction efficiency, and reduce project costs. As a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value, CDW can comprehensively reflect the cost-benefit situation of the project. By iteratively adjusting LA, the project can maximize the project benefit while keeping the cost under control. This iterative form provides a scientific and quantitative decision-making basis for the management of prefabricated buildings. By calculating and analyzing CDW and iteratively adjusting LA, more accurate and comprehensive information support can be provided for managers, thereby enhancing the scientificity and effectiveness of management decisions. By iteratively adjusting LA, the delay cost can be more reasonably reflected in CDW, thereby more accurately reflecting the cost-benefit situation of the project. There is a close correlation between CDW and LA. The calculation result of CDW is affected by multiple factors, including the delay cost, and the magnitude of the delay cost depends on the value of LA. Therefore, CDW and LA are interrelated and interact with each other. By iteratively adjusting LA, the proportion of the delay cost in CDW can be changed, thereby affecting the cost-benefit situation of the entire project. Specifically, when LA increases, the proportion of the delay cost in CDW will increase, and vice versa. This influence makes it possible to optimize the cost-benefit of the project by iteratively adjusting LA. The closeness between CDW and LA is reflected in their interaction and mutual influence. On the one hand, the calculation result of CDW is affected by LA, and on the other hand, the value of LA also needs to be adjusted according to the calculation result of CDW. This closeness forms a dynamic feedback mechanism between CDW and LA, which helps to continuously optimize the cost-benefit of the project. By calculating and analyzing CDW and iteratively adjusting LA, more accurate and comprehensive information support can be provided for managers, thereby enhancing the scientificity and effectiveness of management decisions. As a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value, CDW can comprehensively reflect the cost-benefit situation of the project. This comprehensive analysis method helps managers to more comprehensively understand the cost-benefit situation of the project, thereby making more informed decisions.

[0029] In the specific implementation process, a BIM-based prefabricated building management system is constructed using multiple sub-modules in this method. By inputting the number of types of prefabricated components \(n\), the demand quantity \(NAQ\) of the \(i\)-th type of prefabricated component i and the planned usage ratio \(NAP\) of the \(i\)-th type of prefabricated component in the \(t\)-th construction stage i，t into the prefabricated component demand sub-module, the prefabricated component demand sub-module outputs the total number of prefabricated components \(NOC\) required in the \(t\)-th construction stage t , by introducing the construction speed coefficient and the weather impact coefficient, this sub-module can more accurately predict the demand for prefabricated components, and takes into account the dynamic change factors during the construction process. Based on BIM technology, this sub-module can accurately simulate the construction process of prefabricated buildings, and then accurately predict the demand for prefabricated components in each construction stage, which helps to reduce the problems of component surplus or shortage caused by inaccurate prediction. The calculation of \(NOC_t\) can accurately predict the demand for prefabricated components and provide accurate data support for the BIM model, thereby optimizing resource allocation, reducing material waste and lowering costs; Input the total number of prefabricated components required in the \(t\)-th construction stage into the cost management sub-module, and output the logistics optimization cost \(LPC\) in the \(t\)-th construction stage based on the transportation cost \(LPCA\) per unit prefabricated component and the storage cost \(LPCB\) per unit prefabricated component per day t , this sub-module directly reflects the delay days as the delay cost, making the calculation result more specific and interpretable. By considering the construction speed coefficient and the weather impact coefficient, this sub-module can more accurately calculate the logistics optimization cost, and then help project managers formulate a more economical logistics plan. The reduction of the logistics optimization cost means the improvement of logistics efficiency, which helps to shorten the construction period and enhance the overall project benefit. This sub-module takes into account the delay days caused by insufficient supply of prefabricated components, which helps project managers identify potential risks in advance and take corresponding countermeasures. The calculation of \(LPC\) t reduces costs through logistics optimization, improves the overall project benefit, and considering weather and construction speed factors, enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the logistics plan; Input the total number of prefabricated components \(NOC\) required in the \(t\)-th construction stage t and the logistics optimization cost \(LPC\) in the \(t\)-th construction stage tInput to the comprehensive benefit sub-module, and the comprehensive benefit sub-module outputs the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value CDW of the entire project. By introducing the difference between the actual completion time and the planned completion time, it reflects the early or delay situation of the project, making the cost-benefit analysis more comprehensive and accurate. This sub-module comprehensively considers the costs of precast components, logistics optimization costs, and time costs, providing a comprehensive cost-benefit evaluation tool for project managers. The results of the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis can directly reflect the improvement of the project value, providing a quantitative evaluation basis for project managers. CDW can comprehensively evaluate the cost-benefit, provide decision support for project managers, quantify the improvement of the project value, and provide an objective basis for project evaluation; Further operations on the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value CDW of the entire project affect the weight factor LA of the delay cost in the cost management sub-module. By iteratively adjusting LA, CDW can more accurately reflect the cost-benefit situation in the actual project, thereby improving the accuracy and practicality of the comprehensive benefit sub-module. By iteratively adjusting LA, the supply of precast components can be better matched with the construction progress, reducing the number of delay days caused by insufficient supply. This helps to optimize resource allocation, improve construction efficiency, and reduce project costs. As the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value, CDW can comprehensively reflect the cost-benefit situation of the project. By iteratively adjusting LA, the project can maximize the project benefit while keeping the cost under control. This iterative form provides a scientific and quantitative decision-making basis for the management of prefabricated buildings. By iteratively adjusting LA, the proportion of the delay cost in CDW can change, affecting the cost-benefit situation of the entire project. By calculating and analyzing CDW and iteratively adjusting LA, more accurate and comprehensive information support can be provided for managers, enhancing the scientificity and effectiveness of management decisions. As the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value, CDW can comprehensively reflect the cost-benefit situation of the project. This comprehensive analysis method helps managers to more comprehensively understand the cost-benefit situation of the project, thus making more informed decisions.

[0030] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in the prefabricated component demand sub-module; The calculation formula for the construction speed coefficient of the i-th precast component in the t-th construction stage is as follows: ; Where: NNA i，t refers to the average construction speed of the i-th precast component in the t-th construction stage in historical data, and NNB i，t refers to the construction speed evaluation value of the i-th precast component in the t-th construction stage, and NNC i，tNNi represents the real-time monitoring speed of the i-th precast component in the t-th construction stage, NN1 represents the weight of historical data, NN2 represents the weight of expert evaluation, and NN3 represents the weight of real-time monitoring data; The calculation formula for the weather influence coefficient of the i-th precast component in the t-th construction stage is as follows: ; Where: NLA i，t represents the sensitivity index of the i-th precast component to weather conditions in the t-th construction stage, NLC i，t represents the weather condition parameter of the i-th precast component in the real-time monitoring data in the t-th construction stage, NN4 represents the sensitivity weight of specific weather conditions, and NN6 represents the monitoring data weight; ; Where: NNA represents the weight of each weather factor, and NNAA represents the score corresponding to each weather factor.

[0031] In this embodiment: Through NAS i，t and NAW i，t are input into the precast component demand sub-module, and then the construction speed and weather influence factors are substituted into all calculation and analysis processes of this method, so that the results calculated by each sub-module can take into account various factors; NLA i，t The weather factors referred to therein are rainfall, temperature, wind speed, and humidity. Further; Rainfall: Score according to the amount of rainfall. The greater the rainfall, the greater the impact on construction activities, and the higher the score of NNAA; Temperature: Score according to the temperature. Too high or too low temperature may affect construction materials and the working efficiency of workers. Therefore, it is necessary to set a scoring range according to the actual situation; Wind speed: The greater the wind speed, the greater the safety threat to construction equipment and workers, and the score of NNAA will also increase accordingly; Humidity: Too high humidity may cause construction materials to get damp, affecting construction quality, so it also needs to be scored.

[0032] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The BIM-based prefabricated building management method is characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step I: Extract the types of prefabricated components, the demand for prefabricated components, and the use of prefabricated components in the corresponding construction stage from the BIM model through the data acquisition module; Step II: Input the types of prefabricated components, the demand for prefabricated components, and the usage of prefabricated components in the corresponding construction stage into the processing module. The processing module cleans and organizes the input data and outputs the number of types of prefabricated components n, the demand for the i-th prefabricated component NAQ i and the planned usage ratio NAP of the i-th prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage i，t ; Step III: Set the number of prefabricated component types n, the demand for the i-th prefabricated component NAQ i and the planned usage ratio NAP of the i-th prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage i，t The calculation management module outputs the total number of prefabricated components required for the tth construction phase, the logistics optimization cost of the tth construction phase, and the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value of the entire project; Wherein, the calculation management module includes a prefabricated parts demand submodule, a cost management submodule and a comprehensive benefit submodule; Step IV: Input the total number of prefabricated components required for the tth construction phase, the logistics optimization cost of the tth construction phase, and the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value of the entire project into the management analysis module. The management analysis module analyzes the cost situation of each construction phase, identifies cost overruns and low-efficiency links, and then formulates targeted optimization measures based on the analysis results. During the implementation of the project, the construction progress and cost situation are continuously monitored to adjust and improve the optimization measures according to actual conditions.

2. The BIM-based prefabricated building management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the prefabricated parts demand submodule is as follows: ； in: NOC t refers to the total number of prefabricated components required for the tth construction phase, n refers to the number of types of prefabricated components, i refers to the index of the type of prefabricated component, NAQ i Refers to the demand for the i-th type of prefabricated component, NAP i，t Refers to the planned usage ratio of the i-th prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage, NAS i，t Refers to the construction speed coefficient of the i-th prefabricated component at the t-th construction stage, NAW i，t Refers to the weather influence coefficient, NAQ of the i-th prefabricated component at the t-th construction stage i ×NAP i，t Refers to the estimated usage of the i-th prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage, NAS i，t ×NAW i，t Refers to the adjusted construction speed coefficient; The processing process of the prefabricated component demand submodule is as follows: the number of types of prefabricated components n, the demand for the i-th type of prefabricated component NAQ i and the planned usage ratio NAP of the i-th prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage i，t Input to the prefabricated component demand submodule, which outputs the total number of prefabricated components required for the tth construction phase, NOC t .

3. The BIM-based prefabricated building management method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the cost management submodule is as follows: ; in: LPC t refers to the logistics optimization cost of the tth construction stage, LPCA refers to the transportation cost of the unit prefabricated component, LPCB refers to the daily storage cost of the unit prefabricated component, LPCC refers to the storage time of the prefabricated component in the warehouse, LA refers to the weight factor of the delay cost, LPCD t refers to the number of days of delay caused by construction in the tth construction stage, that is, the number of days of delay caused by insufficient supply of prefabricated components, LPCA+LPCB×LPCC refers to the total logistics cost per unit of prefabricated components, LA×LPCD t refers to the delay cost of the tth construction stage; The processing process of the cost management submodule is as follows: the total number of prefabricated components required for the tth construction stage is input into the cost management submodule, and the logistics optimization cost LPC of the tth construction stage is output based on the transportation cost LPCA of the unit prefabricated component and the storage cost LPCB of the unit prefabricated component per day. t .

4. The BIM-based prefabricated building management method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: If the actual completion time of the tth construction phase is CDWB t Less than or equal to the planned completion time CDWC of the tth construction phase t , then the calculation formula of the comprehensive benefit submodule is: ； If the actual completion time of the tth construction phase is CDWB t Greater than the planned completion time CDWC of the tth construction phase t , then the calculation formula of the comprehensive benefit submodule is: ； in: CDW refers to the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value of the entire project, T refers to the total number of construction stages, t refers to the index of the total construction stage, CDWA refers to the cost of the unit prefabricated component, CA refers to the weight factor of the time delay cost, CDWB t Refers to the actual completion time of the tth construction phase, CDWC t Refers to the planned completion time of the tth construction phase, CA×(CDWB t -CDWC t ) refers to the time delay cost of the tth construction stage; The processing process of the comprehensive benefit submodule is as follows: the total number of prefabricated components NOC required for the tth construction stage t and the logistics optimization cost LPC of the tth construction stage t Input to the comprehensive benefit submodule, and the comprehensive benefit submodule outputs the comprehensive cost-benefit analysis value CDW of the entire project.

5. The BIM-based prefabricated building management method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the construction speed coefficient of the i-th prefabricated component in the prefabricated component demand submodule at the t-th construction stage is as follows: ； in: NNA i，t Refers to the average construction speed of the i-th prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage in the historical data, NNB i，t Refers to the construction speed assessment value of the i-th prefabricated component at the t-th construction stage, NNC i，t refers to the real-time monitoring speed of the construction of the i-th prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage, NN1 refers to the weight of historical data, NN2 refers to the weight of expert evaluation, and NN3 refers to the weight of real-time monitoring data.

6. The BIM-based prefabricated building management method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the weather influence coefficient of the i-th prefabricated component in the prefabricated component demand submodule at the t-th construction stage is as follows: ； in: NLA i，t Refers to the sensitivity index of the i-th prefabricated component to weather conditions at the t-th construction stage, NLC i，t It refers to the weather condition parameters of the i-th prefabricated component in the t-th construction stage in the real-time monitoring data, NN4 refers to the sensitivity weight of specific weather conditions, and NN6 refers to the monitoring data weight.

7. The BIM-based prefabricated building management method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the sensitivity index of the i-th prefabricated component in the prefabricated component demand submodule to weather conditions at the t construction stage is as follows: ； in: NNA refers to the weight of each weather factor, and NNAA refers to the corresponding score of each weather factor.

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