Quick charging battery module

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles, and provides a quick charging battery module. The rapid charging battery module comprises a first battery cell, a first condensation glue layer, a heat conduction plate layer, a second condensation glue layer and a second battery cell which are sequentially stacked. The quick charging battery module prepared by the invention is applied to a new energy automobile, the new energy automobile can be fully charged within 10-15 minutes, and the same speed of oil and electricity is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, and particularly to a fast - charging battery module. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles, portable electronic devices, and renewable energy storage systems, the market's demand for batteries with high energy density, long cycle life, and support for fast charging is becoming increasingly urgent. Although traditional lithium - ion batteries dominate the market, their charging rate is limited by the kinetic performance of electrode materials, the ionic conduction efficiency of electrolytes, and thermal management bottlenecks. During fast charging, lithium - ion batteries are prone to problems such as lithium dendrite growth and electrode structure deterioration, leading to accelerated capacity decay and potential safety hazards.

[0003] Existing fast - charging technologies mostly focus on improvements at a single level. For example, high - conductivity electrode materials (such as silicon - based anodes and high - voltage lithium cobalt oxide cathodes) or low - viscosity electrolytes are used to enhance ion mobility. However, such solutions often struggle to address the systemic challenges of battery modules. For instance, large - current charging causes Joule heat accumulation, and traditional heat - dissipation designs cannot achieve efficient uniform temperature; when multiple battery cells are connected in parallel within the module, differences in internal resistance lead to uneven distribution of charging current, exacerbating local aging; increasing the charging rate often comes at the cost of cycle life, making it difficult to meet the requirements of commercial applications.

[0004] In addition, the current battery management system (BMS) has insufficient dynamic regulation accuracy for fast - charging scenarios and is difficult to adapt to the multi - objective optimization requirements under complex working conditions in real time. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a systematic solution that integrates material innovation, structural design, and intelligent management to break through the fast - charging technology bottleneck while ensuring safety and durability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a fast - charging battery module, aiming to solve the technical problems such as thermal runaway risk, imbalance in cell consistency, and life - efficiency contradiction existing in existing fast - charging technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above - mentioned invention objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a fast - charging battery module, including a first battery cell, a first gel layer, a heat - conducting plate layer, a second gel layer, and a second battery cell that are sequentially stacked. Wherein, the first gel layer and the second gel layer are in direct contact with the two side surfaces of the heat - conducting plate layer respectively. The heat - conducting coefficient of the heat - conducting plate layer is ≥10000 W / (m·K), which is used to conduct the heat generated by the battery cell in the plane direction. The heat - conducting coefficient of the gel layer is 0.5 - 0.6 W / (m·K), and it has electrical insulation properties.

[0007] Furthermore, the material of the heat-conducting plate layer is aluminum alloy, copper or graphene composite material.

[0008] Furthermore, the thickness of the heat-conducting plate layer is 1.3 - 3 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the first battery cell and the second battery cell are independently wound or laminated lithium-ion battery cells.

[0010] Furthermore, a liquid cooling pipe is embedded in the heat-conducting plate layer, and the liquid cooling pipe is communicated with an external cooling system.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of the battery modules use the heat-conducting plate layer as a common layer and are stacked vertically to form a battery pack.

[0012] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Through the synergistic effect of the heat-conducting plate layer with a high thermal conductivity (≥10000 W / (m·K)) and the condensation gel layer, the rapid lateral diffusion of the heat of the battery cell is realized. Cooperating with the active liquid cooling pipe heat dissipation system, the temperature rise during high-current charging is effectively suppressed, enabling the battery module to complete safe and rapid charging within 10 - 15 minutes, breaking through the bottleneck of traditional lithium-ion battery fast charging.

[0013] 2. The sandwich structure composed of "condensation gel - heat-conducting plate - condensation gel" forms a two-way heat conduction path. While achieving electrical insulation, the condensation gel layer (0.5 - 0.6 W / (m·K)) prevents local hot spots through longitudinal buffer heat conduction. Cooperating with the rapid lateral heat conduction of the heat-conducting plate layer, three-dimensional temperature equilibrium is achieved, and the temperature difference on the surface of the battery cell is controlled within ±2°C.

[0014] 3. Through the linkage of the liquid cooling pipe embedded in the heat-conducting plate and the external cooling system, a three-stage thermal management system of "phase change heat storage + heat conduction diffusion + liquid cooling exchange" is constructed.

[0015] 4. The vertical stacking design enables multiple modules to share the heat-conducting plate layer. Cooperating with the 1.3 - 3 mm thin heat-conducting plate, the space utilization rate is increased by up to 75%. At the same time, the independent heat dissipation performance of each module is maintained, which is particularly suitable for high-energy-density power battery packs. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is the front view of the fast-charging battery module provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, where 1 is the first battery cell, 2 is the first condensation gel layer, 3 is the heat-conducting plate layer, 4 is the second condensation gel layer, 5 is the second battery cell, and 6 is the overall fast-charging battery module; Figure 2Front view of the fast - charging battery module provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Among them, 1 is the first battery cell, 2 is the first gel layer, 3 is the heat - conducting plate layer, 4 is the second gel layer, 5 is the second battery cell, and 6 is the overall fast - charging battery module; Figure 3 Physical diagram of the fast - charging battery module provided by the present invention. Among them, 1 is the first battery cell, 2 is the first gel layer, 3 is the heat - conducting plate layer, 4 is the second gel layer, and 5 is the second battery cell. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] The present invention provides a fast - charging battery module including a first battery cell, a first gel layer, a heat - conducting plate layer, a second gel layer, and a second battery cell which are sequentially stacked; Among them, the first gel layer and the second gel layer are directly in contact with the two side surfaces of the heat - conducting plate layer respectively; The heat - conducting coefficient of the heat - conducting plate layer is ≥10000 W / (m·K), and it is used to conduct the heat generated by the battery cell in the plane direction; The heat - conducting coefficient of the gel layer is 0.5 - 0.6 W / (m·K), and it has electrical insulation.

[0018] In the present invention, the material of the heat - conducting plate layer is aluminum alloy, copper or graphene composite material.

[0019] In the present invention, the thickness of the heat - conducting plate layer is 1.3 - 3 mm, preferably 1.5 - 2.5 mm, and more preferably 2 mm.

[0020] In the present invention, the first battery cell and the second battery cell are independently wound - type or laminated - type lithium - ion battery cells.

[0021] In the present invention, a liquid - cooling pipeline is embedded in the heat - conducting plate layer, and the liquid - cooling pipeline is communicated with an external cooling system.

[0022] In the present invention, if the temperature is too low in winter, at extremely low temperatures, the battery may not be able to provide enough starting current, resulting in the vehicle being unable to start normally. The heat - conducting plate can transfer the temperature of the external cooling system to the battery module, so that the battery reaches an appropriate temperature and maintains the normal operation of the vehicle.

[0023] In the present invention, the first battery cell, the second battery cell, the first gel layer, and the second gel layer have the same length, and the length of the heat - conducting plate layer > the length of the first gel layer.

[0024] In the present invention, multiple battery modules use the heat - conducting plate layer as a shared layer and are stacked vertically to form a battery pack.

[0025] In the present invention, the condensation gels used in the first condensation gel layer and the second condensation gel layer are both structural condensation gels, and the structural condensation gel sequentially includes an aluminum-plastic film, a condensation gel, a fiberglass mesh, and an aluminum-plastic film from top to bottom.

[0026] In the present invention, the thickness of the aluminum-plastic film is 0.08 - 0.12 mm, preferably 0.1 mm.

[0027] In the present invention, the thickness of the fiberglass mesh is 0.75 times that of the structural condensation gel.

[0028] In the present invention, the mesh size of the fiberglass mesh is preferably 12×14 mm.

[0029] In the present invention, the thickness of the condensation gel is 0.4 - 5 mm, preferably 0.5 mm.

[0030] In the present invention, the condensation gel used is from a Chinese patent with publication number CN117126430B or a Chinese patent with publication number CN117363238B.

[0031] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1 This embodiment discloses a fast-charging battery module, which includes a first battery cell (laminated lithium-ion battery cell), a first condensation gel layer, a heat conduction plate layer (graphene composite material), a second condensation gel layer, and a second battery cell (laminated lithium-ion battery cell) that are sequentially stacked.

[0033] Among them, both ends of the heat conduction plate layer extend out of the fast-charging battery module for connection to an external cooling system for communication.

[0034] Embodiment 2 This embodiment discloses a fast-charging battery module, which includes a first battery cell (laminated lithium-ion battery cell), a first condensation gel layer, a heat conduction plate layer (graphene composite material), a second condensation gel layer, and a second battery cell (laminated lithium-ion battery cell) that are sequentially stacked.

[0035] Among them, one end of the heat conduction plate layer extends out of the fast-charging battery module for connection to an external cooling system for communication.

[0036] Performance Test The battery modules used for the following test targets are all the fast-charging battery modules prepared in Embodiment 1.

[0037] 1. Fast-charging performance test, the test conditions are as follows: Test battery cell capacity: 500 Ah (single battery cell); Charging ambient temperature: 25 ± 2°C; Initial SOC: 0% (fully discharged state); Charging method: constant current - constant voltage charging (CC - CV); Test steps: Connect the heat conduction plate layer to an external cooling system (coolant flow rate 2 L / min, inlet temperature 20°C), perform constant current charging on the battery module at a current of 2000 A, with a voltage upper limit of 4.2 V. After reaching the voltage upper limit, switch to constant voltage charging, with a cut - off current of 50 A. Monitor the surface temperature of the module (infrared thermal imager) and the internal cell temperature (embedded thermocouple) in real - time.

[0038] Test results: The charging time from 0% to 95% SOC takes 12 minutes and 22 seconds, and it takes 14 minutes and 39 seconds to be fully charged (100%). It takes 14 minutes and 39 seconds.

[0039] 2. Heat dissipation performance test: When charging at a rate of 6C, monitor the surface temperature of the cell, the temperature of the heat conduction plate layer, and the temperature difference at the interface of the condensation gel layer through an infrared thermal imager. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Test results of heat dissipation performance

[0041] 3. Cycle life test: In an environment of 25°C, perform charge - discharge cycles at a rate of 1C (500 A charge / discharge current) for 3000 times. Record the capacity retention rate every 100 times. The liquid - cooling system operates throughout the process to control the cell temperature ≤ 50°C. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0042] Table 2 Test results of cycle life

[0043] 4. Module stacking performance test: Stack 10 modules to form a battery pack, apply a 1000 V DC voltage to test the insulation of the condensation gel layer, and perform random vibration in the XYZ three - axis directions according to GB / T 31467.3.

[0044] Test results are as follows: The condensation gel layer can withstand a voltage > 3000 V (no breakdown phenomenon); after vibration, the change in the contact resistance between modules < 5%, and there is no inter - layer displacement.

[0045] The above is only the preferred implementation mode of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast charging battery module, characterized in that: It includes a first battery core, a first cold gel layer, a heat conducting plate layer, a second cold gel layer and a second battery core which are stacked in sequence; Wherein, the first cold gel layer and the second cold gel layer are in direct contact with both side surfaces of the heat conducting plate layer respectively; The thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting plate layer is ≥10000 W / (m·K), and is used to conduct heat generated by the battery core along the plane direction; The thermal conductivity of the cold gel layer is 0.5-0.6 W / (m·K) and has electrical insulation.

2. The fast charging battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat conducting plate layer is made of aluminum alloy, copper or graphene composite material.

3. The fast charging battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the heat conducting plate layer is 1.3-3 mm.

4. The fast charging battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first battery cell and the second battery cell are independently wound or laminated lithium-ion battery cells.

5. The fast charging battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that: A liquid cooling pipeline is embedded in the heat conducting plate layer, and the liquid cooling pipeline is communicated with an external cooling system.

6. The fast charging battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The plurality of battery modules are stacked in a vertical direction with the heat conducting plate layer as a common layer to form a battery pack.

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