Microgrid controller with reactive compensation control function

Abstract

The invention relates to a micro-grid controller with a reactive power compensation control function, which is applied to the field of power supply, obtains a power factor by collecting voltage and current data of a grid-connected point, judges whether reactive power compensation is needed or not, and monitors the reactive power compensation through a dual-channel communication line between a processor and a PCS energy storage converter. And issuing the reactive power regulation value to the PCS energy storage converter to realize reactive power compensation, continuously acquiring grid-connected point data, verifying the regulation effect, and when the regulation has no response within the specified time, starting the test load, switching the line, detecting the heating condition of the line and the like to realize the reactive power compensation of the PCS energy storage converter. According to the method, whether a monitoring processor fault, a PCS energy storage converter fault or a communication line fault exists or not is judged, a preliminary and effective fault maintenance direction is given to workers, targeted priority troubleshooting is achieved, the fault processing efficiency is effectively improved, and normal operation of the method is rapidly recovered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a microgrid controller, and particularly to a microgrid controller with a reactive power compensation control function applied to the power supply field. Background Art

[0002] The problem of reactive power factor has been a relatively prominent problem encountered by distributed energy storage power stations in recent years, especially industrial and commercial energy storage power stations. Since such power stations are usually connected to the internal low-voltage or medium-voltage power grids of enterprises, there are many electrical equipment connected to the grid, especially inductive loads such as motors. The existing reactive power problems in the grid are generally achieved through reactive power compensation equipment (such as SVG equipment) set in the grid to achieve automatic compensation. However, there are many incorrect instructions and actions, resulting in an increase in the proportion of reactive power in the grid.

[0003] To solve the above problems, the specification of Chinese Patent CN118054428B discloses a reactive power compensation method and terminal for an energy storage system. By detecting the actual active power factor on the grid side and the actual reactive power factor on the grid side, and controlling the PCS (energy storage converter) on the user side to compensate the reactive power according to the actual operating state on the grid side, the impact of the reactive power generated by the energy storage system on the grid side meets the power consumption requirements, and the energy storage power station operates efficiently and stably, achieving the maximum economic benefit.

[0004] Another example is that the specification of Chinese Patent CN119518824A discloses a reactive power compensation control method for a distribution substation based on an energy storage PCS converter. A multi-objective optimization model is constructed, and the objective function of the model can comprehensively consider reactive power compensation, active power optimization, voltage stability, and energy efficiency improvement, effectively improving the performance and reliability of the reactive power compensation control method for the distribution substation based on the energy storage PCS converter, and realizing more efficient and stable power grid operation.

[0005] Although the prior art realizes the reactive power compensation for the power grid through the PCS energy storage converter, it fails to verify the adjustment result in time and does not judge the possible fault conditions in the case of no response to the adjustment, resulting in relatively large operation defects in the entire reactive power compensation process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that in the process of reactive power compensation for the power grid through the PCS energy storage converter, the adjustment result is not verified in time, and the fault conditions are not judged in the case of no response to the adjustment, resulting in relatively large defects.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a microgrid controller with a reactive power compensation control function, which includes an energy storage module, a photovoltaic power generation module, and multiple operating loads connected to the power grid, and also includes a monitoring processor, a PCS energy storage converter, and a test load connected to the power grid; The monitoring processor includes a data acquisition module, a power judgment module, a reactive power regulation module, and a target database. The data acquisition module includes a voltage monitoring unit and a current monitoring unit for monitoring the grid connection point. The power judgment module obtains the power factor based on the collected voltage and current data and determines whether reactive power compensation is required. The reactive power regulation module sends the reactive power regulation value to be compensated to the PCS energy storage converter. The power judgment module is connected to a timing module and a fault prediction module. The fault prediction module predicts faults in the monitoring processor, the PCS energy storage converter, and the dual-channel communication line between them when the PCS energy storage converter does not respond normally. The dual-channel communication line includes a switch disposed between the monitoring processor and the PCS energy storage converter. A main transmission line is connected between the switch and the monitoring processor. A transmission branch line and a standby branch line are connected between the switch and the PCS energy storage converter. A temperature sensor is provided at the connection between the main transmission line and the monitoring processor.

[0008] A microgrid controller with reactive power compensation control function, and its usage method includes the following steps: S1. Reactive power compensation: The monitoring processor collects the voltage and current data of the grid connection point, and then obtains the active power, reactive power, and actual power factor. According to the preset target power factor, it is judged whether the actual power factor meets the standard. When it meets the standard, no adjustment operation is performed. When it does not meet the standard, the difference between the actual power factor and the target power factor is used as the reactive power regulation value, and the reactive power regulation value is sent to the PCS energy storage converter. The PCS energy storage converter compensates the reactive power of the microgrid system according to the reactive power regulation value. S2. Response verification: Continuously collect the data of the grid connection point to verify the adjustment effect. When the measured actual power factor meets the standard after a specified time, it indicates that the adjustment is successful. On the contrary, when the measured actual power factor still does not meet the standard after a specified time, it indicates that there is no response to the adjustment. At this time, a fault prediction operation is performed. S3. Fault prediction: S3-1. Start the test load and collect the voltage and current data of the grid connection point again. When the voltage and current data do not change as expected, a fault prompt for the monitoring processor is given. When the two data change as expected, go to step S3-2; S3-2. Perform the following multiple operations simultaneously: First, continuously send the reactive power regulation value to the PCS energy storage converter. Second, continue to collect the data of the grid connection point to obtain the actual power factor. Third, change the transmission line between the monitoring processor and the PCS energy storage converter through the switch, from using the transmission branch line communication to using the standby branch line communication; S3-3. If the measured actual power factor meets the standard after the specified time, it indicates that the adjustment is successful, and a transmission line fault prompt is given. If the measured actual power factor still does not meet the standard after the specified time, at this time, obtain the temperature data of the temperature sensor within the T time period before this moment. S3-4. When any of the following situations exists, it indicates that there is no data transmission on the communication line: the temperature data is in a continuous decreasing state or the temperature data remains within the room temperature range, and a communication line fault prompt is given. On the contrary, when the temperature data does not meet any of the above situations, a PCS energy storage converter fault prompt is given.

[0009] As a further supplement to this application, the fault prediction module is connected to a test database, and the test database stores the voltage data range and current data range at the grid connection point during the operation of the test load.

[0010] As a further supplement to this application, in step S3-1, the method for judging whether the voltage and current data have corresponding expected changes includes: when the collected voltage data and current data are respectively within the voltage data range and the current data range, it is determined that the corresponding expected changes have occurred. When any of the following situations exists, it is determined that the voltage and current data have not had corresponding expected changes: the collected voltage data is not within the voltage data range or the current data is not within the current data range.

[0011] As a further supplement to this application, the temperature sensor includes a heat insulation cover fixedly connected to both the monitoring processor and the main transmission line and sleeved outside the connection position of the two. A temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat insulation cover, and an air pipe communicating with it is fixedly connected to the outer end of the heat insulation cover. An electric control valve is fixedly installed inside the air pipe.

[0012] As another improvement to this application, the fault prediction module is connected to an accuracy measurement module. Both the temperature sensor and the electric control valve are connected to the accuracy measurement module. The accuracy measurement module is connected to a temperature trend library, and the temperature trend library records the temperature drop trend data inside the heat insulation cover when the electric control valve is opened. There are multiple pieces of drop trend data, and their starting temperatures are different and the time lengths are the same.

[0013] As a supplementary improvement to this application, its usage method also includes an accuracy measurement operation, and the accuracy measurement operation includes the following steps: Regularly start the electric control valve through the accuracy measurement module to make it in an open state, and then obtain the monitoring data of the temperature sensor in the subsequent period of time in real time. When the change situation of the monitoring data matches any of the temperature drop trend data, it indicates that the accuracy of the temperature sensor is good. On the contrary, it is judged that the accuracy of the temperature sensor is abnormal.

[0014] As another improvement of the present application, a heat collection box A is provided at the connection between the transmission branch line and the switching switch, and a heat collection box B is provided at the connection between the standby branch line and the switching switch. Both the heat collection box A and the heat collection box B are fixedly connected with a gas pipeline with an air pump to the temperature sensor.

[0015] As a supplement to another improvement of the present application, the heat collection box A and the heat collection box B have the same structure, and both include a mesh cover. Inside the mesh cover, there is a sealed flexible bag body. One end of a hose is fixedly connected to the sealed flexible bag body, and the other end of the hose is fixedly communicated with the corresponding gas pipeline.

[0016] In summary, the present application obtains the power factor by collecting the voltage and current data of the grid connection point, determines whether reactive power compensation is required, and issues the reactive power regulation value to the PCS energy storage converter through the dual-channel communication line between the monitoring processor and the PCS energy storage converter to achieve reactive power compensation, and continuously collects the grid connection point data to verify the regulation effect. When there is no response to the regulation within the specified time, by operating such as starting the test load, switching the line, and detecting the heating condition of the line, it is judged whether there are faults such as monitoring processor failure, PCS energy storage converter failure, or communication line failure, etc., giving the staff a preliminary and effective fault repair direction, realizing targeted priority troubleshooting, effectively improving the fault handling efficiency, and enabling the present application to quickly resume normal operation; The heating condition of the communication line is monitored by a temperature sensor, and a calibration module is set to regularly test the sensitivity of the temperature sensor in the temperature sensor, further improving the detection accuracy of the heating condition of the communication line, thereby improving the fault prediction accuracy; Combined with the heat collection box A arranged on the transmission branch line and the temperature sensor arranged on the transmission main line, the heating condition of the transmission branch line during the communication process is detected, realizing early warning of the transmission branch line fault, enabling the staff to start the switching switch in advance and switch to the standby branch line, reducing the impact on the reactive power compensation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is the system block diagram of the microgrid controller of the first and second embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 It is the system block diagram of the monitoring processor of the first and second embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 It is the structural schematic diagram of the dual-channel communication line between the monitoring processor and the PCS energy storage converter of the first and second embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 It is the flowchart of the usage method in the first and second embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 It is the structural schematic diagram of the temperature sensor of the first and second embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure during the measurement and calibration operation in the second implementation mode of this application; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-channel communication line between the monitoring processor and the PCS energy storage converter in the third implementation mode of this application; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the temperature sensor and the heat collection box A in the third implementation mode of this application; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure during the heat detection process of the transmission branch line in the third implementation mode of this application.

[0018] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1 heat insulation cover, 2 temperature sensor, 3 air pipe, 4 electric control valve, 5 mesh cover, 6 sealed flexible bag body, 7 hose. Specific implementation mode

[0019] The following will make a detailed description of the three implementation modes of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The first implementation mode: The present invention provides a microgrid controller with a reactive power compensation control function. Please refer to Figure 1 , which includes an energy storage module, a photovoltaic power generation module, and multiple operating loads connected to the power grid. The operating loads are multiple normally operating electrical devices. This application also includes a monitoring processor, a PCS energy storage converter, and a test load connected to the power grid. The test load can be a general electrical device, such as a lighting device, and normally the test load is in a non-operating state.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 2 , the monitoring processor includes a data acquisition module, a power judgment module, a reactive power regulation module, and a target database. The data acquisition module includes a voltage monitoring unit and a current monitoring unit for monitoring the grid connection point. The two realize the data acquisition of voltage and current through corresponding sensors (voltage sensor and current sensor). The power judgment module obtains the power factor based on the acquired voltage and current data and judges whether reactive power compensation is required. The reactive power regulation module sends the reactive power regulation value to be compensated to the PCS energy storage converter (for the specific reactive power compensation method, please refer to step S1 below); The power judgment module is connected to a timing module and a fault prediction module. The fault prediction module performs fault prediction on the monitoring processor, the PCS energy storage converter, and the dual-channel communication line between them when the PCS energy storage converter does not respond normally (for the specific prediction method, please refer to step S3 below); Please refer to Figure 3, the dual-channel communication line includes a switching switch disposed between the monitoring processor and the PCS energy storage converter. A transmission main line is connected between the switching switch and the monitoring processor. A transmission branch line and a standby branch line are connected between the switching switch and the PCS energy storage converter. A temperature sensor is provided at the connection between the transmission main line and the monitoring processor.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 4 , a microgrid controller with a reactive power compensation control function, and its usage method includes the following steps: S1. Reactive power compensation: The monitoring processor collects voltage and current data of the grid connection point, and then obtains the active power, reactive power, and actual power factor. According to the preset target power factor, it is judged whether the actual power factor meets the standard. When it meets the standard, no adjustment operation is performed. When it does not meet the standard, the difference between the actual power factor and the target power factor is used as the reactive power adjustment value, and the reactive power adjustment value is sent to the PCS energy storage converter. The PCS energy storage converter compensates the reactive power of the microgrid system according to the reactive power adjustment value; Specifically, the instantaneous reactive power theory (p-q theory) of the existing technology can be used to obtain the active power P and the reactive power Q, and then the power factor PE is obtained through the two, where: , the preset target power factor is generally 0.95 - 0.98. When the obtained actual power factor is within this range, it is considered to meet the standard. When the actual power factor is lower than this range, reactive power compensation is required; S2. Response verification: Continuously collect grid connection point data to verify the adjustment effect. When the measured actual power factor meets the standard after a specified time, it indicates that the adjustment is successful. On the contrary, when the measured actual power factor still does not meet the standard after a specified time, it indicates that there is no response to the adjustment. At this time, a fault prediction operation is performed; S3. Fault prediction: S3-1. Start the test load and collect the voltage and current data of the grid connection point again. When the voltage and current data do not change as expected, a fault prompt for the monitoring processor is given. When the two data change as expected, it is initially judged that the monitoring processor has no fault. At this time, go to step S3-2; S3-2. Perform the following multiple operations simultaneously: First, continuously send the reactive power adjustment value to the PCS energy storage converter. Second, continue to collect grid connection point data to obtain the actual power factor. Third, in combination with Figure 3 As shown, the transmission line between the monitoring processor and the PCS energy storage converter is changed through the switching switch, and the communication using the transmission branch line is changed to the communication using the standby branch line; S3-3. If the measured actual power factor meets the standard after the specified time, it indicates that the adjustment is successful, and a transmission branch line fault prompt is given. If the measured actual power factor still does not meet the standard after the specified time, at this time, obtain the temperature data of the temperature sensor within the T time period before this moment. The standby branch line not only provides another data communication guarantee between the monitoring processor and the PCS energy storage converter, but also can effectively verify whether there is a fault in the transmission branch line. When it is not determined that there is a fault in the transmission branch line, combined with the temperature monitoring situation of the transmission main line joint by the temperature sensor, it is judged whether there is a fault in the transmission main line. Specifically, under normal circumstances, when the cable is transmitting data, due to the existence of current inside, heat will inevitably be generated. Therefore, under normal circumstances, the temperature data of the temperature sensor will be in a slow rising state (without considering the heat exchange between the temperature sensor and the outside) or maintained in a temperature range higher than the room temperature (considering the heat loss of the temperature sensor). S3-4. When any of the following situations exists, it indicates that there is no data transmission on the communication line: the temperature data is in a continuous decreasing state or the temperature data is maintained within the room temperature range. This situation indicates that there is no current passing through the communication line, and its heat gradually dissipates and is close to the room temperature. Therefore, a communication line fault prompt is given. On the contrary, when the temperature data does not meet any of the above situations (it may be in an increasing state, a floating state, or a stable state higher than the room temperature, etc.), it indicates that there is still current passing through the communication line and it has the function of data transmission. At this time, a PCS energy storage converter fault prompt is given. Through the fault pre-judgment process of step S3 above, when the reactive power compensation does not respond normally, a preliminary and effective fault repair direction is given to the staff, which is convenient for targeted priority investigation, effectively improves the fault handling efficiency, and enables this application to quickly return to normal operation.

[0023] Regarding the process of step S3-1: Combine Figure 2 As shown, the fault pre-judgment module is connected to a test database, and the test database stores the voltage data range and current data range at the grid connection point during the operation of the test load. In step S3-1, the method for judging whether the voltage and current data change corresponding to the expected values includes: when the collected voltage data and current data are respectively within the voltage data range and the current data range, it is determined that the corresponding expected change has occurred. When any of the following situations exists, it is determined that the voltage and current data have not changed corresponding to the expected values: the collected voltage data is not within the voltage data range or the current data is not within the current data range.

[0024] When the test load changes from the unoperated initial state to the normal operation state, it will cause corresponding changes in the voltage and current at the grid connection point. Therefore, after starting the test load, the voltage and current data at the grid connection point are collected again, and compared with the pre-stored voltage data and current data ranges, so as to judge whether the voltage sensor and current sensor for collecting voltage and current data are faulty. If the sensors are not faulty (i.e., the monitoring processor is not faulty), the collected voltage and current data are generally within the voltage data range and current data range. If the voltage data is not within the voltage data range or the collected current data is not within the current data range, it indicates that the voltage sensor or current sensor is faulty (i.e., the monitoring processor is faulty).

[0025] Combined with Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the temperature sensor monitor includes a heat insulation cover 1 fixedly connected to both the monitoring processor and the transmission main line and sleeved outside the connection position of the two. A temperature sensor 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat insulation cover 1. Since there is a contact resistance at the joint of the communication line, its heating condition is larger than other positions of the line. Therefore, the temperature sensor monitor is set at the connection position of the monitoring processor and the transmission main line. The heat accumulates inside the heat insulation cover 1. The temperature sensor 2 is connected to the fault prediction module. Its installation position can be closest to the joint to the greatest extent, improving the temperature monitoring accuracy, and transmitting the monitored temperature data to the fault prediction module for facilitating the prediction process of step S3-4.

[0026] The second implementation method: Based on the first implementation method, the following content is added in this implementation method: Please refer to Figure 5 , an air pipe 3 communicating with the outer end of the heat insulation cover 1 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the heat insulation cover 1, and an electric control valve 4 is fixedly installed inside the air pipe 3. Combined with Figure 2 As shown, the fault prediction module is connected with a measurement accuracy module. The temperature sensor 2 and the electric control valve 4 are both connected to the measurement accuracy module. The measurement accuracy module is connected with a temperature trend library, and the temperature trend library records the temperature drop trend data inside the heat insulation cover 1 when the electric control valve 4 is opened. There are multiple pieces of drop trend data, and their starting temperatures are different and the time lengths are the same.

[0027] Through the above settings, the usage method of the microgrid controller with reactive power compensation control function also includes a measurement accuracy operation. The measurement accuracy operation includes the following steps: Please refer to Figure 6 , the electric control valve 4 is regularly started through the measurement accuracy module to make it in the open state, and then the monitoring data of the temperature sensor 2 in a subsequent period of time is obtained in real time. When the change condition of the monitoring data matches any temperature drop trend data, it indicates that the accuracy of the temperature sensor 2 is good. Otherwise, it is judged that the accuracy of the temperature sensor 2 is abnormal.

[0028] When the electric control valve 4 is opened, the heat inside the heat shield 1 can flow to the outside through the air pipe 3 and the electric control valve 4 for heat exchange with the outside, making the temperature inside the heat shield 1 gradually approach the outside temperature. Therefore, under normal circumstances, the temperature data monitored by the temperature sensor 2 will gradually decrease. From this, it can be judged whether the sensitivity (i.e., accuracy) of the temperature sensor 2 is normal. Moreover, the operation of releasing the heat in the heat shield 1 can also play a role in cooling and protecting the connection of the transmission main line, making the accumulated heat less likely to affect the normal use of the transmission main line, thus achieving a dual-effect function. The purpose of setting multiple data with a downward trend is as follows: Since the temperature inside the heat shield 1 when the electric control valve 4 is opened in the actual situation is uncertain, in order to improve the accuracy of the measurement operation, the temperature inside the heat shield 1 is preheated to different degrees in advance, then the electric control valve 4 is opened, and the downward trend of the temperature in the heat shield 1 within a certain period of time is recorded, so as to obtain multiple downward trend data with different initial temperatures and the same time length, which is convenient for later comparison and analysis with the actual situation.

[0029] The 3rd implementation mode: On the basis of the 2nd implementation mode, the following content is added in this implementation mode: Please refer to Figure 7 , a heat collection box A is provided at the connection of the transmission branch line and the changeover switch, a heat collection box B is provided at the connection of the standby branch line and the changeover switch, and gas pipelines with air pumps are fixedly connected between both the heat collection box A and the heat collection box B and the temperature sensor monitor. Please refer to Figure 8 , the heat collection box A and the heat collection box B have the same structure, and both of them include a wire mesh cover 5. Inside the wire mesh cover 5, there is a sealed flexible bag 6. The sealed flexible bag 6 is initially in an unfolded state to collect the heat at the connection. One end of a hose 7 is fixedly connected to the sealed flexible bag 6, and the other end of the hose 7 is fixedly connected and communicated with the corresponding gas pipeline. The end of the gas pipeline connected to the heat shield 1 has its pipe orifice facing the sensing end of the temperature sensor 2. The flexible feature of the hose 7 can adapt to the shape change of the sealed flexible bag 6.

[0030] In this implementation mode, the heat collection box A and the heat collection box B are respectively used to collect the temperature at the connections of the transmission branch line and the standby branch line. The heat accumulates inside the sealed flexible bag 6. During the use process, the temperature sensor monitor, the heat collection box A, and the heat collection box B can be used to monitor the heat generation conditions of the transmission branch line and the standby branch line. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Under normal circumstances, since the transmission branch line is used for data transmission and the standby branch line is not used, there is no need to detect the standby branch line, and the heat generation of the transmission branch line can be detected. The detection process is as follows: After completing the measurement operation in the 2nd implementation mode and judging that the accuracy of the temperature sensor 2 is normal, please refer to Figure 9, keep the electric control valve 4 in the open state, start the air pump, extract the hot air in the sealed flexible bag body 6 and input it into the heat insulation cover 1, and spray it towards the sensing end of the temperature sensor 2 (since the electric control valve 4 is still in the open state, the air pressure in the heat insulation cover 1 can be kept balanced). Under normal circumstances, the temperature data monitored by the temperature sensor 2 will increase significantly (since the temperature in the heat insulation cover 1 has approached the external temperature after the accurate measurement operation), indicating that the transmission branch line is in a normal communication state and there is current passing through. On the contrary, when the monitored data of the temperature sensor 2 does not change significantly, it indicates that the gas extracted from the sealed flexible bag body 6 does not have obvious heat, which can to a certain extent indicate that there may be no current passing through the transmission branch line and there is a fault. Thus, early warning of the transmission branch line fault can be carried out in advance, enabling the staff to start the changeover switch in advance, switch to the standby branch line, reduce the impact on the reactive power compensation process, and timely conduct on-site maintenance of the transmission branch line; Step 2: After it is determined in Step 1 that the transmission branch line is in a normal communication state, wait for a period of time to enable the heat insulation cover 1 to continue to exchange heat with the outside through the air pipe 3 and the electric control valve 4, and discharge the heat ejected from the gas pipeline. After the temperature data of the temperature sensor 2 drops to a stable state, start the air pump again and make it reverse to extract the gas in the heat insulation cover 1 that approaches the external temperature and transport it to the sealed flexible bag body 6 to restore the sealed flexible bag body 6 to its initial unfolded state, facilitating the next detection process, and the temperature inside it is lower compared with before the detection process, which is convenient for cooling protection of the connection; Step 3: Close the air pump and the electric control valve 4 to enable the heat insulation cover 1 and the sealed flexible bag body 6 to continue to collect heat.

[0031] In addition, after the operation of starting the changeover switch in advance and switching to the standby branch line in Step 1, the same heat generation detection process as in Step 1 can be used to detect the heat generation situation of the standby branch line to achieve early warning of whether the standby branch line is faulty.

[0032] Combined with the current actual requirements, the above-mentioned implementation manner adopted in this application, the protection scope is not limited to this. Within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art, various changes made without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microgrid controller with reactive power compensation control function, comprising an energy storage module, a photovoltaic power generation module and a plurality of operating loads connected to a power grid, characterized in that: It also includes a monitoring processor, a PCS energy storage converter and a test load connected to the grid; The monitoring processor includes a data acquisition module, a power judgment module, a reactive power regulation module and a target database. The data acquisition module includes a voltage monitoring unit and a current monitoring unit for monitoring the grid connection point. The power judgment module obtains the power factor according to the collected voltage and current data, and determines whether reactive power compensation is required. The reactive power regulation module sends the reactive power adjustment value to be compensated to the PCS energy storage converter. The power judgment module is connected to a timing module and a fault prediction module, and the fault prediction module performs fault prediction on the monitoring processor, the PCS energy storage converter and the dual-channel communication line between the two when the PCS energy storage converter does not respond normally; The dual-channel communication line includes a switching switch arranged between the monitoring processor and the PCS energy storage inverter, a transmission main line is connected between the switching switch and the monitoring processor, a transmission branch line and a backup branch line are connected between the switching switch and the PCS energy storage inverter, and a temperature monitor is provided at the connection between the transmission main line and the monitoring processor.

2. A microgrid controller with reactive power compensation control function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of use includes the following steps: S1. Reactive power compensation: The voltage and current data of the grid connection point are collected by the monitoring processor to obtain active power, reactive power and actual power factor. According to the preset target power factor, it is judged whether the actual power factor meets the standard. When it meets the standard, no adjustment operation is performed. When it does not meet the standard, the difference between the actual power factor and the target power factor is used as the reactive power adjustment value, and the reactive power adjustment value is sent to the PCS energy storage converter. The PCS energy storage converter compensates the reactive power of the microgrid system according to the reactive power adjustment value. S2. Response verification: Continuously collect grid point data to verify the adjustment effect. When the actual power factor measured meets the standard after the specified time, it indicates that the adjustment is successful. On the contrary, when the actual power factor measured still does not meet the standard after the specified time, it indicates that the adjustment has no response. At this time, the fault prediction operation is performed; S3. Fault prediction: S3-1, start the test load, collect the voltage and current data of the grid connection point again, and when the voltage and current data do not change as expected, issue a monitoring processor fault prompt. When the data of the two data change as expected, proceed to step S3-2; S3-2, perform the following multiple operations simultaneously:

1. Continue to send the reactive power adjustment value to the PCS energy storage converter; 2. Continue to collect grid connection point data to obtain the actual power factor; 3. Change the transmission line between the monitoring processor and the PCS energy storage converter by switching the switch, from using the transmission branch line communication to using the backup branch line communication; S3-3. When the actual power factor measured meets the standard after the specified time, it indicates that the adjustment is successful, and a transmission branch line fault prompt is given. When the actual power factor measured still does not meet the standard after the specified time, the temperature data of the temperature sensor within the T time period before this moment is obtained; S3-4. When any of the following conditions exists, it indicates that there is no data transmission on the communication line: the temperature data is in a state of continuous decline or the temperature data is maintained within the room temperature range, and a communication line fault prompt is issued; conversely, when the temperature data does not meet any of the above conditions, a PCS energy storage converter fault prompt is issued.

3. A microgrid controller with reactive power compensation control function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fault prediction module is connected to a test database, and the test database stores a voltage data range and a current data range of a grid connection point during the operation of a test load.

4. A microgrid controller with reactive power compensation control function according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3-1, the method for determining whether the voltage and current data undergo corresponding expected changes includes: when the collected voltage data and current data are respectively within the voltage data range and the current data range, it is determined that the corresponding expected changes have occurred; when any of the following situations exists, it is determined that the voltage and current data do not undergo the corresponding expected changes: the collected voltage data is not within the voltage data range or the current data is not within the current data range.

5. The microgrid controller with reactive power compensation control function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor monitor comprises a heat shield (1) which is fixedly connected to a monitoring processor and a transmission main line and is sleeved outside a connection position between the two. A temperature sensor (2) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat shield (1). An air pipe (3) communicating with the heat shield (1) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the heat shield (1). An electric control valve (4) is fixedly installed inside the air pipe (3).

6. A microgrid controller with reactive power compensation control function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fault prediction module is connected to a measurement module, the temperature sensor (2) and the electric control valve (4) are both connected to the measurement module, and the measurement module is connected to a temperature trend library, the temperature trend library records the falling trend data of the temperature in the heat insulation cover (1) when the electric control valve (4) is opened, and there are multiple falling trend data, and the starting temperatures are different and the time length is the same.

7. A microgrid controller with reactive power compensation control function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of using the same further includes a calibration operation, which includes the following steps: The electronically controlled valve (4) is periodically started by the accuracy measurement module to be in an open state, and the monitoring data of the temperature sensor (2) in a subsequent period of time is then acquired in real time. When the change status of the monitoring data matches any temperature drop trend data, it indicates that the accuracy of the temperature sensor (2) is good. Otherwise, it is determined that the accuracy of the temperature sensor (2) is abnormal.

8. The microgrid controller with reactive power compensation control function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat collecting box A is provided at the connection between the transmission branch line and the switching switch, and a heat collecting box B is provided at the connection between the backup branch line and the switching switch. Gas pipelines with air pumps are fixedly connected between the heat collecting box A and the heat collecting box B and the temperature sensor.

9. A microgrid controller with reactive power compensation control function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat collecting box A and the heat collecting box B have the same structure and both comprise a mesh cover (5). A sealed flexible bag body (6) is provided inside the mesh cover (5). One end of a hose (7) is fixedly connected to the sealed flexible bag body (6). The other end of the hose (7) is fixedly connected to a corresponding gas pipeline.

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