Trichogramma field protection release device and release method

Abstract

The invention discloses a trichogramma field protection release device and release method, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural pest biological control. The device comprises a non-transparent cup-shaped shell, a thin iron wire hanging structure and bee cards to which parasitic eggs are attached, and the bee cards are effectively protected against wind and rain erosion and direct sunlight through the inverted hanging design; according to the releasing method, dynamic trichogramma amount maintenance, dense area deployment, wind direction adaptation and a trichogramma card pre-activation strategy are combined, and the parasitism efficiency and pest control stability of trichogramma are remarkably improved. The method specifically comprises the steps that bee cards are supplemented according to cloudy and rainy weather, devices are densely deployed within the radius of 0-12 m, the hanging direction is adjusted in real time to adapt to the wind direction, and pre-culture is conducted through an artificial climate box to synchronize the incubation progress. The method is particularly suitable for fruit tree planting areas such as pear gardens, solves the problems of large bee quantity loss, control effect fluctuation and the like in the traditional release technology, and has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, high environmental adaptability and lasting prevention and control effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biological control of agricultural pests, and particularly relates to a field protection and release device and a release method for Trichogramma, which are especially suitable for fruit tree planting areas such as pear orchards, and are used to improve the field survival rate and pest control effect of Trichogramma. Background Art

[0002] Trichogramma is an important parasitic natural enemy insect and is widely used in the biological control of agricultural pests. However, during the field release process of Trichogramma, it is easily affected by environmental factors (such as wind, rain, direct sunlight, natural enemy attacks, etc.), resulting in loss of bee quantity and unstable pest control effect. Traditional Trichogramma release methods mostly adopt an open structure (such as directly fixing the bee card on the back of the leaf), lacking effective protection for Trichogramma and being difficult to adapt to the complex field environment.

[0003] In the prior art, although there are some improvement schemes for Trichogramma release devices, there are still some problems as follows. For example, the device structure is simple, unable to effectively protect the bee card from wind and rain erosion, the release method is single, lacking precise control over the hatching progress and diffusion range of Trichogramma, and not considering the influence of environmental factors such as wind direction and humidity on the activities of Trichogramma, resulting in a large fluctuation in the pest control effect.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a field protection and release device and a release method for Trichogramma, which significantly improve the field survival rate and pest control stability of Trichogramma through device structure optimization and release method innovation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a field protection and release device and a release method for Trichogramma, so as to solve the problems such as large loss of bee quantity and unstable pest control effect during the release process of Trichogramma in the prior art.

[0007] (II) Technical Solutions

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A field protection and release device for Trichogramma includes:

[0010] A cup-shaped outer shell, made of an opaque paper cup, and in an inverted hanging structure;

[0011] A thin iron wire, one end of which penetrates through the bottom of the cup-shaped outer shell and bends outward to form a hanging hook, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the cup-shaped outer shell;

[0012] The bee card is fixed to the inner wall of the cup-shaped outer shell through an adhesive. The surface of the bee card is attached with parasitic eggs, and the number is 1000 eggs per card, and the bonding area accounts for 60%-80% of the total area of the bee card.

[0013] Preferably, the cup-shaped outer shell is a disposable paper cup structure, and its inner wall is provided with an anti-slip coating. The length of the hanging hook of the thin iron wire is 3-5 cm, which is used to wind around the main trunk and branches of fruit trees.

[0014] Preferably, the parasitic eggs are the eggs of Corcyra cephalonica parasitized by Trichogramma chilonis (the offspring wasps have developed to the pupal stage and are waiting to emerge inside the host eggs). The bee card is made by evenly spreading inactivated fresh eggs of Corcyra cephalonica on cardboard (L×W = 4.00 cm×2.50 cm) coated with white latex, without piling up and overlapping between egg grains. After drying, an unparasitized egg card is formed, ensuring 1000 eggs per card. Select the parasitized egg card with a better emergence rate as the bee species, and carry out bee inoculation according to the quantity ratio of parasitized egg card: unparasitized egg card = 1:10. The culture conditions are a temperature of 25°C, a relative humidity of 75%, and a photoperiod of 15L:9D. After the eggs of Corcyra cephalonica are parasitized and turn black, select the egg card with a parasitism rate of more than 90% as the bee card for orchard release and reserve it.

[0015] Preferably, the cup-shaped outer shell is provided with drainage holes on the outside, and the pore diameter is 1-2 mm, which is used to drain accumulated water in rainy weather.

[0016] A method for protecting and releasing Trichogramma in the field includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Hang the cup-shaped outer shell in the middle of the pear tree crown through a thin iron wire, and the bee card is located on the inner wall of the cup-shaped outer shell, avoiding the direct sunlight area;

[0018] Step 2: When encountering rainy weather, if the rainy weather T≤1 day, it is only necessary to supplement the bee card once at 30%-50% of the initial release amount (4). If the rainy weather T>1 day, the ultraviolet-inactivated intermediate host eggs can be supplemented at a position near the bee card;

[0019] Step 3: Centered on the bee release point, within a radius of 0-12 m, according to the occurrence of pests and diseases, deploy the device through a multi-stage release strategy to form a dense pest control area;

[0020] Step 4: Adjust the hanging orientation of the device according to the real-time wind direction, and preferably arrange the bee card in the upwind position;

[0021] Step 5: Before release, place the bee card in an artificial climate chamber at a temperature of 25°C, a relative humidity of 75%, and a photoperiod of 15L:9D for pre-cultivation for 24-48 hours to synchronize the hatching progress of Trichogramma.

[0022] Preferably, in step one, the horizontal interval of the bee release points is in the range of 0 - 12 m, the vertical height is at the middle part of the pear tree trunk, and there is no foliage obstruction between adjacent devices. The release time is selected at dusk on a sunny day when the temperature drops. The bonding direction of the bee card to the inner wall of the cup-shaped housing faces the inner side of the trunk.

[0023] Preferably, in step two, when replenishing the bee cards, the residues on the inner wall of the cup-shaped housing are synchronously removed.

[0024] Preferably, in step four, wind direction data is obtained in real time through a meteorological monitoring device, and the hanging angle of the device is manually or automatically adjusted so that the bee card is maximally exposed to the wind flow path, and the adjustment angle range is ±30°.

[0025] Preferably, in step five, during the pre-cultivation period of the bee card, the light intensity is adjusted to 200 - 300 Lux every 6 hours for 2 hours to simulate the circadian rhythm.

[0026] Preferably, in step three, within the effective control distance range, the multi-stage release strategy is as follows:

[0027] For a fruit borer rate < 5% or a moth trapping amount < 5 individuals / trap / day, a low fruit drop rate, and few pest sources of host plants (such as peach trees) around the orchard, the distance between the bee release points is 12 m;

[0028] For a fruit borer rate of 5% - 10% or a moth trapping amount of 5 - 15 individuals / trap / day, with an obvious peak of adult insects and extensive orchard management, the distance between the bee release points is 6 - 9 m;

[0029] For a fruit borer rate > 10% or a moth trapping amount > 15 individuals / trap / day, with serious fruit drop, overlapping generations, and suitable climate (warm and humid), the distance between the bee release points is 3 m.

[0030] (III) Beneficial effects

[0031] The present invention provides a field protection release device and a release method for Trichogramma. The following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0032] Through the design of the opaque cup-shaped housing and suspension by thin iron wire, the bee card is effectively protected from wind, rain erosion and direct sunlight, significantly improving the field survival rate of Trichogramma. Combining dynamic bee population maintenance, dense deployment, wind direction adaptation and bee card pre-activation strategies, the hatching progress and diffusion range of Trichogramma are precisely controlled, enhancing the pest control effect. Through the design of drainage holes, anti-slip coatings, breathable micropores, etc., and the multi-stage release strategy, the stability and durability of the device and method in a complex field environment are ensured. The device has a simple structure and the release method is easy to implement, suitable for large-scale popularization and application. Brief description of the drawings

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the protection release device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram inside the protection and release device of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Cup-shaped outer shell; 2. Thin iron wire; 3. Limit ring; 4. Bee card. Specific implementation mode

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1-2 , the present invention provides a technical solution, a Trichogramma field protection and release device, including:

[0038] Cup-shaped outer shell 1, made of an opaque paper cup, in an inverted hanging structure;

[0039] Thin iron wire 2, one end of which penetrates through the bottom of the cup-shaped outer shell 1 and bends outward to form a hanging hook, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the cup-shaped outer shell 1;

[0040] Bee card 4, fixed to the inner wall of the cup-shaped outer shell 1 by an adhesive. Parasitic eggs are attached to the surface of the bee card 4, and the bonding area accounts for 60%-80% of the total area of the bee card.

[0041] The cup-shaped outer shell 1 is a disposable paper cup structure, and its inner wall is provided with an anti-slip coating. The length of the hanging hook of the thin iron wire 2 is 3-5 cm, which is used to wind around the main trunk and branches of fruit trees.

[0042] The parasitic eggs are the eggs of Corcyra cephalonica parasitized by Trichogramma chilonis that have developed to the pupal stage and are waiting to emerge inside the host eggs. The bee card 4 is made by evenly spreading inactivated fresh Corcyra cephalonica eggs on a cardboard L×W = 4.00 cm×2.50 cm coated with white latex, without piling up and overlapping between the egg grains. After drying, an unparasitized egg card is formed, ensuring 1000 eggs / card. Select the parasitized egg card with a better emergence rate as the bee species, and carry out bee inoculation according to the quantity ratio of parasitized egg card: unparasitized egg card = 1:10. The culture conditions are temperature 25°C, relative humidity 75%, and photoperiod 15L:9D. After the Corcyra cephalonica eggs are parasitized and turn black, select the egg card with a parasitism rate of more than 90% as the orchard release bee card for standby

[0043] The outer part of the cup-shaped outer shell 1 is provided with drainage holes with a pore diameter of 1-2 mm, which are used to drain accumulated water in rainy weather.

[0044] A Trichogramma field protection and release method includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Suspend the cup-shaped housing 1 in the middle of the pear tree crown through a thin iron wire 2. The bee card 4 is located on the inner wall of the cup-shaped housing 1, avoiding direct sunlight areas.

[0046] Step 2: When encountering rainy weather, if the rainy weather duration T ≤ 1 day, it is only necessary to supplement the bee card once at 30%-50% of the initial release amount. If the rainy weather duration T > 1 day, inactivated intermediate host eggs by ultraviolet light can be supplemented near the bee card.

[0047] Step 3: Centered on the bee release point, within a radius of 0 - 12 m, deploy the device according to the occurrence of pests and diseases through a multi-stage release strategy to form a dense pest control area.

[0048] Step 4: Adjust the hanging orientation of the device according to the real-time wind direction, and preferably arrange the bee card 4 in the upwind position.

[0049] Step 5: Before release, place the bee card 4 in an artificial climate chamber at a temperature of 25°C, a relative humidity of 75%, and a photoperiod of 15L:9D for pre-cultivation for 24 - 48 hours to synchronize the hatching progress of Trichogramma.

[0050] In Step 1, the horizontal interval of the bee release points is 0 - 12 m, the vertical height is the middle part of the pear tree trunk, and there is no foliage obstruction between adjacent devices. The release time is selected at sunset on a sunny day when the temperature drops. The bonding direction of the bee card 4 with the inner wall of the cup-shaped housing 1 faces the inner side of the trunk.

[0051] In Step 2, when supplementing the bee card 4, synchronously remove the residues on the inner wall of the cup-shaped housing 1.

[0052] In Step 4, obtain the wind direction data in real time through meteorological monitoring equipment, and manually or automatically adjust the hanging angle of the device so that the bee card 4 is maximally exposed to the wind flow path, and the adjustment angle range is ±30°.

[0053] In Step 5, during the pre-cultivation of the bee card 4, adjust the light intensity to 200 - 300 Lux every 6 hours for 2 hours to simulate the circadian rhythm.

[0054] In Step 3, within the effective control distance range, the multi-stage release strategy is as follows:

[0055] For a fruit borer rate < 5% or a moth trapping amount < 5 individuals / trap / day, a low fruit drop rate, and few pest sources of surrounding hosts (such as peach trees) in the orchard, the distance between bee release points is 12 m.

[0056] For a fruit borer rate of 5% - 10% or a moth trapping amount of 5 - 15 individuals / trap / day, an obvious peak of adults, and extensive orchard management, the distance between bee release points is 6 - 9 m.

[0057] For a fruit borer rate > 10% or a moth trapping amount > 15 individuals / trap / day, with serious fruit drop, multiple generations overlapping, and suitable climate (warm and humid), the distance between the bee release points is 3 m.

[0058] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the said element.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A field protection and release device for trichogrammatids, characterized in that: include: The cup-shaped housing (1) is made of an opaque paper cup and is in an inverted hanging structure; A thin iron wire (2), one end of which passes through the bottom of the cup-shaped shell (1) and is bent outward to form a hanging hook, and the other end of which is fixed to the inner wall of the cup-shaped shell (1); The bee card (4) is fixed to the inner wall of the cup-shaped shell (1) by adhesive, and parasitic eggs are attached to the surface of the bee card (4), and the adhesive area accounts for 60%-80% of the total area of ​​the bee card.

2. The field protection and release device for trichogrammatids according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cup-shaped outer shell (1) is a disposable paper cup structure, and its inner wall is provided with an anti-slip coating. The hanging hook of the thin iron wire (2) is 3-5 cm long and is used for winding around the trunk and branches of a fruit tree.

3. The field protection and release device for trichogrammatids according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The parasitic eggs are eggs of the rice moth parasitized by Trichogramma chinensis.

4. The field protection and release device for trichogrammatids according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cup-shaped housing (1) is provided with a drainage hole on the outside, with a hole diameter of 1-2 mm, for draining accumulated water in rainy weather.

5. A method for protecting and releasing Trichogramma in the field, based on the device described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Hang the cup-shaped shell (1) in the middle of the crown of the pear tree through a thin iron wire (2), and place the bee card (4) on the inner wall of the cup-shaped shell (1) to avoid direct sunlight; Step 2: When encountering rainy weather, if the rainy weather T≤1 day, replenish the bee card once according to 30%-50% of the initial release amount (4); if the rainy weather T>1 day, replenish the intermediate host eggs that have been inactivated by ultraviolet light near the bee card; Step 3: With the bee release point as the center, within a radius of 0-12m, according to the occurrence of insect pests, the device is deployed through a multi-stage release strategy to form a dense pest control area; Step 4: According to the real-time wind direction adjustment device hanging position, the bee card (4) is preferentially arranged in the upwind position; Step 5: Before releasing, the bee card (4) is placed in an artificial climate box with a temperature of 25°C, a relative humidity of 75%, and a photoperiod of 15L:9D for pre-cultivation for 24-48 hours to synchronize the hatching progress of the trichogrammatids.

6. The method for protecting and releasing Trichogramma in the field according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 1, the horizontal interval of the bee release points is 0-12m, and the release time is selected in the evening of a sunny day when the temperature drops. The bonding direction of the bee card (4) and the inner wall of the cup-shaped shell (1) is toward the inside of the tree trunk.

7. The method for protecting and releasing Trichogramma in the field according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 2, when the bee card (4) is replenished, the residue on the inner wall of the cup-shaped housing (1) is simultaneously cleared.

8. The method for protecting and releasing Trichogramma in the field according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 4, wind direction data is obtained in real time through meteorological monitoring equipment, and the hanging angle of the device is adjusted manually or automatically so that the bee card (4) is exposed to the wind flow path to the greatest extent, and the adjustment angle range is ±30°.

9. The method for protecting and releasing Trichogramma in the field according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 5, during the pre-culture period of the bee card (4), the light intensity is adjusted to 200-300 Lux every 6 hours for 2 hours to simulate the circadian rhythm.

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