Automatic tool changing device of numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic tool changing device of a numerical control machine tool, and belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, the automatic tool changing device comprises a mounting shaft and two clamping arms, the two clamping arms are respectively positioned on two sides of the mounting shaft and are used for clamping two tools needing to be changed, two connecting caps are arranged on the mounting shaft, and the two connecting caps are connected with the mounting shaft. The two connecting caps are arranged on the mounting shaft and connected to the upper end and the lower end of the mounting shaft respectively, the connecting caps can rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft, the top face and the bottom face of the mounting shaft are each provided with a first locking component, and therefore the two connecting caps can be locked by the first locking components respectively. When the machine tool tool changing driving mechanism drives the mounting shaft to rotate to have angle errors, the clamping arm can rotate relative to the mounting shaft, automatically correct the rotating angle and adjust the position of the tool, so that the axis of the tool coincides with the axis of the main shaft, the clamping arm or the main shaft cannot deform when subjected to horizontal acting force, and the machining precision of equipment is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and specifically refers to an automatic tool changing device for a numerical control machine tool. Background Art

[0002] A numerical control machine tool is an automated machine tool equipped with a program control system. A numerical control machining center is a type of numerical control machine tool that has the ability to automatically exchange machining tools. It can change the machining tool on the spindle through an automatic tool changing device during a single clamping, realizing various machining functions. When exchanging tools, a robotic arm for automatic tool changing is used to exchange the tool in the tool magazine with the tool on the spindle.

[0003] The robotic arm for automatic tool changing rotates a specified angle and height through a preset program to achieve the exchange of the tool in the tool magazine and the spindle tool. In the actual use process, as the operation time of the equipment increases, the rotation accuracy of the robotic arm will generate errors. At present, the robotic arm can only act according to the preset program and cannot automatically correct the tool position. Therefore, during the process of supplying the tool to the spindle, if the rotation angle of the robotic arm is insufficient or too large, a horizontal error will be generated in the rotation direction of the robotic arm between the axis of the tool and the spindle. During the connection process of the tool to the spindle, the robotic arm and the spindle will be subjected to horizontal forces, causing horizontal displacement or deformation of the spindle and the robotic arm, and further reducing the accuracy of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic tool changing device for a numerical control machine tool, which at least partially solves the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides an automatic tool changing device for a numerical control machine tool, including a mounting shaft and two clamping arms. The two clamping arms are respectively located on both sides of the mounting shaft and are used to clamp two tools to be exchanged. Wherein, two connection caps are provided on the mounting shaft and are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the mounting shaft. The connection caps can rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft. First locking components are provided on both the top surface and the bottom surface of the mounting shaft, so that the two connection caps can be respectively locked by the first locking components. The two clamping arms are respectively connected to the two connection caps. Two elastic resistance mechanisms are further provided on the mounting shaft. The two connection caps are respectively connected to the two elastic resistance mechanisms, and elastic resistance is applied to the rotation of the connection caps through the elastic resistance mechanisms. The elastic resistance mechanism includes a pressure detection unit. When the connection cap rotates to compress and store energy in the elastic resistance mechanism, the pressure detection unit can detect the amount of energy stored in the elastic resistance mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, two annular grooves are provided on the mounting shaft, mounting rings are provided in both of the two annular grooves, and the two mounting rings can rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft. Second locking components are provided in both of the two annular grooves, so that the two mounting rings can be locked by the second locking components respectively; The elastic resistance mechanism is mounted on the mounting ring. By rotating the mounting ring, the initial position where the elastic resistance mechanism applies resistance to the connection cap can be adjusted.

[0007] Furthermore, a connecting plate is provided at one end of the clamping arm close to the mounting shaft, and the clamping arm is connected to the connection cap through the connecting plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the elastic resistance mechanism includes two fixing plates arranged circumferentially along the mounting shaft. A slider is provided between the two fixing plates, and the slider can slide circumferentially along the mounting shaft. The slider is connected to the connection cap through the connecting plate, and springs are provided on both sides of the slider; When the connection cap rotates in any direction, the spring on the corresponding side is compressed, applying elastic resistance to the rotation of the connection cap.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure detection unit includes two pressure sensors. The two pressure sensors are respectively connected to the two fixing plates. One end of the spring is connected to the pressure sensor, and the other end of the spring is connected to the slider.

[0010] Furthermore, the first locking component includes a plurality of first electromagnets fixed on the mounting shaft, and the plurality of first electromagnets are evenly distributed along one circumference of the mounting shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, a first flange corresponding to the magnetic attracting end of the first electromagnet is provided on the connection cap, and the magnetic attracting end of the first electromagnet contacts the first flange.

[0012] Furthermore, the second locking component includes a plurality of second electromagnets evenly distributed along one circumference of the mounting shaft, and the second electromagnets are embedded and fixed in the annular grooves.

[0013] Furthermore, a second flange corresponding to the magnetic attracting end of the second electromagnet is provided on the mounting ring, and the magnetic attracting end of the second electromagnet contacts the second flange.

[0014] Furthermore, a connecting shaft is connected to the top surface of the mounting shaft, and the mounting shaft is connected to the tool changing drive mechanism of the machine tool through the connecting shaft.

[0015] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention with the above structure are as follows: 1. By setting an activatable / lockable clamping arm, when there is an angular error in the rotation of the mounting shaft driven by the tool change driving mechanism of the machine tool, the clamping arm can rotate relative to the mounting shaft, automatically correct the rotation angle, adjust the tool position, and make the axis of the tool coincide with the axis of the spindle. When the clamping arm or the spindle is subjected to a horizontal force, no deformation will occur, ensuring the machining accuracy of the equipment.

[0016] 2. By setting an elastic resistance mechanism, when the clamping arm is in an active state, a resistance is applied to the clamping arm to prevent the clamping arm from shaking due to vibration, resulting in tool dropping. At the same time, a pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure received by the elastic resistance mechanism, and based on the magnitude of the pressure detected by the pressure sensor, the horizontal distance between the axes of the tool and the spindle and between the tool and the tool holder is judged, playing a role in monitoring errors.

[0017] 3. By setting two mounting rings that can rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft and installing the elastic resistance mechanism on the mounting rings, during the debugging of the CNC machine tool, according to the position of the clamping arm, the mounting rings are rotated to change the position of the elastic resistance mechanism, thereby adjusting the initial position of the resistance applied by the elastic resistance mechanism to the connecting cap, and flexibly adjusting the initial position of the resistance applied by the elastic resistance mechanism to the connecting cap, so as to avoid the elastic resistance mechanism pushing the connecting cap and the clamping arm to move when the first locking component releases the connecting cap. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic tool change device for a CNC machine tool proposed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of an automatic tool change device for a CNC machine tool proposed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of an automatic tool change device for a CNC machine tool proposed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a split schematic diagram of a connecting plate and a connecting cap in an automatic tool change device for a CNC machine tool proposed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting shaft in an automatic tool change device for a CNC machine tool proposed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic resistance mechanism and a mounting ring in an automatic tool change device for a CNC machine tool proposed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting cap and a clamping arm in an automatic tool change device for a CNC machine tool proposed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1. mounting shaft; 101. annular groove; 11. connecting shaft; 2. connecting cap; 21. first electromagnet; 201. first flange; 3. clamping arm; 31. connecting plate; 4. elastic resistance mechanism; 41. fixing plate; 42. slider; 43. spring; 44. pressure sensor; 5. mounting ring; 51. second electromagnet; 501. second flange.

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides an automatic tool changer for a numerical control machine tool, including a mounting shaft 1 and two clamping arms 3. The two clamping arms 3 are respectively located on both sides of the mounting shaft 1. The top surface of the mounting shaft 1 is connected with a connecting shaft 11. The mounting shaft 1 is connected to the machine tool tool changing drive mechanism through the connecting shaft 11. The machine tool tool changing drive mechanism drives the connecting shaft 11 to rotate through a predetermined program.

[0024] The two clamping arms 3 can clamp two tools to be exchanged (i.e., the tool provided by the tool magazine and the tool on the spindle), and the positions of the two tools are exchanged by rotating the two clamping arms 3 to change their positions.

[0025] In this way, during tool changing, the tool magazine transports the tool to be replaced to the tool changing port, the spindle moves to the tool changing position, the clamping arms 3 rotate, the two clamping arms 3 respectively clamp the two tools to be exchanged, then move vertically downward, pull out the two tools downward, and rotate to exchange the positions of the tools, and then move vertically upward to insert the tools into the spindle and the tool magazine respectively to complete the tool change.

[0026] It is understandable that a clamping groove adapted to the tool is provided on the clamping arm 3, and the tool can be clamped through the clamping groove.

[0027] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, two connecting caps 2 are provided on the mounting shaft 1 and are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the mounting shaft 1. The connecting cap 2 can rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft 1. Two clamping arms 3 are respectively connected to the two connecting caps 2. When the mounting shaft 1 is stationary and does not rotate, the two clamping arms 3 can also rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft 1 to adjust the position of the clamping arm 3.

[0028] Furthermore, first locking components are provided on both the top surface and the bottom surface of the mounting shaft 1, so that the two connecting caps 2 can be respectively locked by the first locking components. When the connecting cap 2 is not locked by the first locking component, even if the mounting shaft 1 is stationary and does not rotate, the connecting cap 2 can rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft 1, so that the clamping arm 3 connected to the connecting cap 2 can also rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft 1. When the connecting cap 2 is locked by the first locking component, the clamping arm 3 can only be driven to rotate by the mounting shaft 1. When the mounting shaft 1 does not rotate, neither the connecting cap 2 nor the clamping arm 3 can rotate.

[0029] In this way, during the process of the clamping arm 3 clamping the tool and exchanging the position of the tool, the first locking component locks the connecting cap 2. At this time, the clamping arm 3 and the mounting shaft 1 cannot rotate relative to each other, and the clamping arm 3 and the mounting shaft 1 are driven by the tool changing drive mechanism of the machine tool to rotate synchronously, avoiding the clamping arm 3 shaking and causing the tool to fall when the tool exchanges position.

[0030] After the tool position is exchanged and the clamping arm 3 is about to move vertically upward to install the tool on the spindle, the first locking component releases the connecting cap 2. At this time, the clamping arm 3 can rotate relative to the mounting shaft 1. Since both the tool and the machine tool spindle are provided with mating conical surfaces, it can play a guiding role when the tool is connected to the spindle. Therefore, during the process of inserting the tool into the hole adapted to the spindle, if the rotation angle of the clamping arm 3 is insufficient or too large, a horizontal deviation will occur between the tool axis and the spindle axis in the rotation direction of the clamping arm 3, and a horizontal mutual force will be generated between the tool and the spindle. Under the action of the force, the clamping arm 3 can rotate and automatically correct, so that the tool axis coincides with the spindle axis, and the clamping arm 3 or the spindle will not deform when receiving a horizontal force, ensuring the machining accuracy of the equipment.

[0031] Further, two elastic resistance mechanisms 4 are also provided on the mounting shaft 1. The two connecting caps 2 are respectively connected to the two elastic resistance mechanisms 4. The elastic resistance mechanisms 4 can apply elastic resistance to the rotation of the connecting caps 2, so that when the connecting caps 2 are not locked by the first locking member, the connecting caps 2 and the clamping arms 3 will not shake due to the vibration of the equipment. When a horizontal acting force is generated during the connection of the tool and the spindle, the horizontal acting force can overcome the resistance of the elastic resistance mechanisms 4, enabling the connecting caps 2 and the clamping arms 3 to swing.

[0032] Combined Figure 6 As shown, the elastic resistance mechanism 4 includes two fixing plates 41 arranged circumferentially along the mounting shaft 1. A slider 42 is provided between the two fixing plates 41, and the slider 42 can slide circumferentially along the mounting shaft 1. The slider 42 is connected to the connecting cap 2 through a connecting plate 31. Springs 43 are provided on both sides of the slider 42, which can apply resistance to the slider 42 in the two sliding directions of the slider 42.

[0033] Therefore, rotational resistance is applied to the connecting cap 2 through the two springs 43. When the connecting cap 2 is not locked by the first locking member, the connecting cap 2 and the clamping arms 3 will not shake due to the vibration of the equipment. When a horizontal acting force is generated during the connection of the tool and the spindle, the horizontal acting force can overcome the elastic resistance of the springs 43, enabling the connecting cap 2 and the clamping arms 3 to swing.

[0034] Combined Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, two annular grooves 101 are provided on the mounting shaft 1. Mounting rings 5 are provided in both of the two annular grooves 101, and the two mounting rings 5 can rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft 1. Second locking members are provided in both of the two annular grooves 101, enabling the two mounting rings 5 to be respectively locked by the second locking members. The elastic resistance mechanism 4 is mounted on the mounting ring 5. By locking the mounting ring 5 with the second locking member, the mounting ring 5 cannot rotate. At this time, the elastic resistance mechanism 4 connected to the mounting ring 5 is in a fixed state. When the second locking member releases the mounting ring 5, the mounting ring 5 can rotate.

[0035] By rotating the mounting ring 5, the position of the elastic resistance mechanism 4 can be changed, thereby adjusting the initial position of the resistance applied by the elastic resistance mechanism 4 to the connecting cap 2.

[0036] In this way, during the debugging of the numerical control machine tool, according to the position of the clamping arm 3, the initial position of the resistance applied by the elastic resistance mechanism 4 to the connecting cap 2 can be flexibly adjusted, so as to avoid the elastic resistance mechanism 4 pushing the connecting cap 2 and the clamping arm 3 to move when the first locking member releases the connecting cap 2.

[0037] Furthermore, the elastic resistance mechanism 4 includes a pressure detection unit. When the connection cap 2 rotates to compress and store energy in the elastic resistance mechanism 4, the pressure detection unit can detect the amount of stored energy in the elastic resistance mechanism 4.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the pressure detection unit includes two pressure sensors 44. The two pressure sensors 44 are respectively connected to two fixing plates 41. One end of the spring 43 is connected to the pressure sensor 44, and the other end of the spring 43 is connected to the slider 42. When the spring 43 is compressed, the reaction force of the spring 43 can act on the pressure sensor 44.

[0039] In this way, during the connection process between the tool and the spindle and between the tool and the tool holder, if there is a horizontal distance between their axes, and the greater the distance, the greater the compression amplitude of the spring 43. At this time, the greater the stored energy of the spring 43, and correspondingly, the greater the force exerted by the spring 43 on the pressure sensor 44. Therefore, the horizontal distance between the axes of the tool and the spindle and between the tool and the tool holder can be judged according to the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 44, playing a role in monitoring errors.

[0040] As the operation time of the equipment increases, the operation error of the equipment gradually increases. When it is monitored that the distance between the tool and the spindle and between the tool and the tool holder is too large, the personnel can adjust the equipment in time to ensure the operation accuracy of the equipment.

[0041] At the same time, during the connection process between the tool and the spindle and between the tool and the tool holder, if the spring 43 is about to reach the maximum compressible stroke, the installation ring 5 can be released so that the elastic resistance mechanism 4 can slide synchronously with the clamping arm 3 to avoid damage to the equipment.

[0042] Combined Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the first locking component includes a plurality of first electromagnets 21 fixed on the mounting shaft 1. The plurality of first electromagnets 21 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting shaft 1. The connection cap 2 is provided with a first flange 201 corresponding to the magnetic attraction end of the first electromagnet 21, and the magnetic attraction end of the first electromagnet 21 contacts the first flange 201.

[0043] When the first electromagnet 21 is activated, it can generate a magnetic field. Under the action of the magnetic field, the first flange 201 is magnetically attracted to the first electromagnet 21, thereby locking the connection cap 2 and making the connection cap 2 unable to rotate. Correspondingly, by turning off the first electromagnet 21, the connection cap 2 is released.

[0044] Combined Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, the second locking component includes a plurality of second electromagnets 51 evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting shaft 1. The second electromagnets 51 are embedded and fixed in the annular groove 101. The mounting ring 5 is provided with second flanges 501 corresponding to the magnetic attraction ends of the second electromagnets 51, and the magnetic attraction ends of the second electromagnets 51 are in contact with the second flanges 501.

[0045] When the second electromagnets 51 are activated, a magnetic field can be generated. Under the action of the magnetic field, the second flanges 501 are magnetically attracted to the second electromagnets 51, thereby locking the mounting ring 5 and preventing the mounting ring 5 from rotating. Correspondingly, by turning off the second electromagnets 51, the mounting ring 5 can be released.

[0046] The working principle of the present invention: During the process of the clamping arm 3 clamping the tool and exchanging the tool position, the first electromagnet 21 magnetically locks the connecting cap 2. At this time, the clamping arm 3 and the mounting shaft 1 cannot rotate relative to each other. During the rotation of the mounting shaft 1, there is no relative movement between the clamping arm 3 and the mounting shaft 1, avoiding shaking and dropping during tool position exchange. When the tool position exchange is completed and the clamping arm 3 is about to move vertically upward to install the tool on the spindle, the first electromagnet 21 is turned off and the connecting cap 2 is released. At this time, the two springs 43 apply a rotational resistance to the connecting cap 2, and the connecting cap 2 and the clamping arm 3 will not shake due to the vibration of the equipment. During the process of inserting the tool into the hole adapted to the spindle, if there is a horizontal deviation between the tool axis and the spindle axis, a horizontal mutual force will be generated between the tool and the spindle. The horizontal force can overcome the elastic resistance of the spring 43, enabling the clamping arm 3 to rotate and adjust the tool position to make the tool axis coincide with the spindle axis. The clamping arm 3 or the spindle will not deform when subjected to the horizontal force, ensuring the machining accuracy of the equipment. When the tool replacement is completed and the clamping arm 3 returns to its original position, under the action of the spring 43, the clamping arm 3 can be pushed back to its initial position; During the connection process between the tool and the spindle and between the tool and the tool holder, if there is a horizontal distance between their axes, and the greater the distance, the greater the compression amplitude of the corresponding side spring 43. At this time, the force exerted by the spring 43 on the pressure sensor 44 is also greater. Therefore, the horizontal axial distance between the tool and the spindle and between the tool and the tool holder can be judged according to the pressure magnitude detected by the pressure sensor 44, playing a role in monitoring errors.

[0047] Based on the above embodiments: By setting the movable / lockable clamping arm 3, when there is an angular error in the rotation of the mounting shaft 1 driven by the tool changing drive mechanism of the machine tool, the clamping arm 3 can rotate relative to the mounting shaft 1, automatically correct the rotation angle, adjust the tool position, make the tool axis coincide with the spindle axis, and the clamping arm 3 or the spindle will not deform when subjected to the horizontal force, ensuring the machining accuracy of the equipment.

[0048] By setting the elastic resistance mechanism 4, when the clamping arm 3 is in an active state, a resistance is applied to the clamping arm 3 to prevent the clamping arm 3 from shaking due to vibration, which may cause the tool to fall. At the same time, the pressure sensor 44 is used to detect the pressure received by the elastic resistance mechanism 4. According to the magnitude of the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 44, the horizontal axis distance between the tool and the spindle and between the tool and the tool holder is judged, which plays a role in monitoring errors.

[0049] By setting two mounting rings 5 that can rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft 1 and installing the elastic resistance mechanism 4 on the mounting ring 5, during the debugging of the numerical control machine tool, according to the position of the clamping arm 3, the mounting ring 5 is rotated to change the position of the elastic resistance mechanism 4, so as to adjust the initial position where the elastic resistance mechanism 4 applies resistance to the connecting cap 2, and flexibly adjust the initial position where the elastic resistance mechanism 4 applies resistance to the connecting cap 2, so that when the first locking member releases the connecting cap 2, it is avoided that the elastic resistance mechanism 4 pushes the connecting cap 2 and the clamping arm 3 to move.

[0050] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0051] The above describes the present invention and its embodiments. This description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Generally speaking, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, design similar structural modes and embodiments to this technical solution without creative efforts, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool, characterized in that: It comprises a mounting shaft (1) and two clamping arms (3), wherein the two clamping arms (3) are respectively located on two sides of the mounting shaft (1) and are used to clamp two cutting tools that need to be exchanged; Wherein, two connecting caps (2) are provided on the installation shaft (1) and are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the installation shaft (1); the connecting caps (2) can rotate around the axis of the installation shaft (1); and the top surface and the bottom surface of the installation shaft (1) are both provided with first locking components, so that the two connecting caps (2) can be locked by the first locking components respectively; The two clamping arms (3) are respectively connected to the two connecting caps (2); The installation shaft (1) is also provided with two elastic resistance mechanisms (4), and the two connecting caps (2) are respectively connected to the two elastic resistance mechanisms (4), so that elastic resistance is applied to the rotation of the connecting caps (2) through the elastic resistance mechanisms (4); The elastic resistance mechanism (4) comprises a pressure detection unit. When the connection cap (2) rotates to compress the elastic resistance mechanism (4) to store force, the pressure detection unit can detect the magnitude of the stored force of the elastic resistance mechanism (4).

2. The automatic tool changing device for CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two annular grooves (101) are provided on the installation shaft (1), and installation rings (5) are provided in the two annular grooves (101), and the two installation rings (5) are capable of rotating around the axis of the installation shaft (1), and second locking components are provided in the two annular grooves (101), so that the two installation rings (5) can be locked by the second locking components respectively; The elastic resistance mechanism (4) is mounted on the mounting ring (5), and the initial position at which the elastic resistance mechanism (4) applies resistance to the connecting cap (2) can be adjusted by rotating the mounting ring (5).

3. The automatic tool changing device for CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting plate (31) is provided at one end of the clamping arm (3) close to the mounting shaft (1), and the clamping arm (3) is connected to the connecting cap (2) via the connecting plate (31).

4. The automatic tool changing device for CNC machine tools according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic resistance mechanism (4) comprises two fixing plates (41) arranged along the circumference of the installation shaft (1), a sliding block (42) is provided between the two fixing plates (41), and the sliding block (42) is capable of sliding along the circumference of the installation shaft (1), the sliding block (42) is connected to the connecting cap (2) via the connecting plate (31), and springs (43) are provided on both sides of the sliding block (42); When the connecting cap (2) rotates in any direction, the spring (43) on the corresponding side is compressed, exerting elastic resistance on the rotation of the connecting cap (2).

5. The automatic tool changing device for CNC machine tools according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure detection unit comprises two pressure sensors (44), the two pressure sensors (44) are respectively connected to the two fixing plates (41), one end of the spring (43) is connected to the pressure sensor (44), and the other end of the spring (43) is connected to the slider (42).

6. The automatic tool changing device for CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first locking component comprises a plurality of first electromagnets (21) fixed on the installation shaft (1), and the plurality of first electromagnets (21) are evenly distributed along a circumference of the installation shaft (1).

7. The automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connection cap (2) is provided with a first flange (201) corresponding to the magnetic attraction end of the first electromagnet (21), and the magnetic attraction end of the first electromagnet (21) is in contact with the first flange (201).

8. The automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second locking component comprises a plurality of second electromagnets (51) evenly distributed along a circumference of the mounting shaft (1), and the second electromagnets (51) are embedded and fixed in the annular groove (101).

9. The automatic tool changing device for CNC machine tools according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mounting ring (5) is provided with a second flange (501) corresponding to the magnetic attraction end of the second electromagnet (51), and the magnetic attraction end of the second electromagnet (51) is in contact with the second flange (501).

10. The automatic tool changing device for CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the installation shaft (1) is connected to a connecting shaft (11), and the installation shaft (1) is connected to a tool changing drive mechanism of a machine tool via the connecting shaft (11).

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