Linkage System and Method for Detecting Greenhouse Gas Flux at the Water-Vapor Interface

Abstract

The present invention discloses a linkage system and method for detecting greenhouse gas fluxes at the water-air interface, belonging to the technical field of greenhouse gas monitoring, and comprising a data acquisition and control module; the data acquisition and control module is electrically connected to a power supply module, a chamber method automatic observation device, a transfer coefficient method automatic observation device, a first conduction control module, a first analysis module, a second analysis module, and a second conduction control module; the power supply module is connected to the chamber method automatic observation device, the transfer coefficient method automatic observation device, the first conduction control module, the first analysis module, the second analysis module, and the second conduction control module. By the above method, the present invention captures various flux signals of greenhouse gases to the greatest extent, eliminates the human errors existing due to manual operation during observation, and the systematic errors of spatial separation of sampling and analysis, improves the quality of observation data, and reduces the uncertainty of greenhouse gas emission estimation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse gas monitoring, and particularly to a linkage system and method for detecting greenhouse gas fluxes at the water-air interface. Background Art

[0002] Constructing an effective observation method for greenhouse gas fluxes in inland waters is the key to accurately quantifying greenhouse gas emissions. The transfer coefficient method and the chamber method are two commonly used observation methods for greenhouse gas fluxes in water bodies. The transfer coefficient method calculates the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface by observing the greenhouse gas concentrations in the surface water and the atmosphere, calculating the concentration difference, and then multiplying it by the transfer coefficient k. Specifically, it observes the greenhouse gas flux by manually collecting water samples, performing headspace equilibration, and then using a gas chromatograph. The traditional transfer coefficient method relies on manual sampling during observation, has a low time resolution, cannot achieve automatic continuous high-frequency observation, may miss some accidental emission hot spot signals, and there is a spatio-temporal separation in sample collection and analysis. Gas leakage may occur during the transportation of the collected gas samples to the laboratory for gas chromatograph measurement, which may affect the observation results. In addition, the transfer coefficient method can only observe the greenhouse gas flux signals transmitted in the water body in the form of diffusion. For CH4 and CO2, in addition to diffusion, there are also bubbling and plant-mediated transmission forms in the water body. When using the traditional transfer coefficient method for observation, the greenhouse gas flux signals with multiple water body transmission pathways cannot be captured, resulting in an underestimation of emissions.

[0003] The chamber method includes the static chamber method and the dynamic chamber method. The static chamber method places a sealed chamber on the water surface, manually collects gas samples, and then measures the greenhouse gas concentration in the chamber using a gas chromatograph. The greenhouse gas flux is obtained through the change rate of the gas concentration over time. The static method also relies on manual sampling during the observation process, has a limited sampling frequency, and the samples cannot be analyzed in-situ, which may lead to great uncertainty in the observed results of the flux. Due to the limitation of the observation frequency, the static chamber method also cannot capture the CH4 bubbling signal, resulting in an underestimation in the quantification of the CH4 flux. The closed dynamic chamber method upgrades and transforms the chamber on the basis of the static chamber method. The automatic measurement chamber for trace gas fluxes at the water-air interface (patent application number 201920054906.X) is a kind of closed dynamic chamber. The chamber can be automatically opened and closed through a lifting robotic arm and a relay, getting rid of the dependence on manual operation and improving the sampling frequency. The closed dynamic chamber method can observe the total flux including CH4 bubbling and diffusion, but it cannot be combined with the observation of the transfer coefficient method during use. When quantifying the CH4 bubbling flux, there is a lack of the CH4 bubbling flux observed by the transfer coefficient method at the same time and space.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention designs a linkage system and method for detecting greenhouse gas fluxes at the water-air interface to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a linkage system and method for detecting greenhouse gas fluxes at the water-air interface.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A linkage system for detecting greenhouse gas fluxes at the water-air interface, comprising a data acquisition and control module;

[0008] The data acquisition and control module is electrically connected to a power supply module, a chamber method automatic observation device, a transfer coefficient method automatic observation device, a first conduction control module, a first analysis module, a second analysis module, and a second conduction control module;

[0009] The power supply module is electrically connected to the chamber method automatic observation device, the transfer coefficient method automatic observation device, the first conduction control module, the first analysis module, the second analysis module, and the second conduction control module;

[0010] The intake end and the outlet end of the chamber method automatic observation device are respectively fixedly connected in communication through pipelines to a set of input ends of the first conduction control module and a set of output ends of the second conduction control module;

[0011] The intake end and the outlet end of the transfer coefficient method automatic observation device are respectively fixedly connected in communication through pipelines to another set of input ends of the first conduction control module and another set of output ends of the second conduction control module;

[0012] The output end of the first conduction control module is fixedly connected in communication through a pipeline to the input end of the first analysis module;

[0013] The output end of the first analysis module is fixedly connected in communication through a pipeline to the input end of the second analysis module;

[0014] The output end of the second analysis module is fixedly connected in communication through a pipeline to the input end of the second conduction control module.

[0015] Furthermore, the first conduction control module is a two-in-one-out control valve.

[0016] Furthermore, both the first analysis module and the second analysis module are gas analyzers.

[0017] Furthermore, the second conduction control module is a one-in-two-out control valve.

[0018] Furthermore, the box-type automatic observation device includes a support frame, a box body, a first air outlet pipe, an electric push rod, a DC motor forward and reverse controller, and a first air inlet pipe. The electric push rod is fixedly installed on the support frame, and the driving end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the box body. The first air outlet pipe and the first air inlet pipe are respectively fixedly connected to the through holes at the upper ends of the two side walls of the box body. The electric push rod is electrically connected to the DC motor forward and reverse controller, and the DC motor forward and reverse controller is electrically connected to the data acquisition control module and the power supply module. The first air inlet pipe is fixedly connected in communication with a group of input ends of the first conduction control module, and the first air outlet pipe is fixedly connected in communication with a group of output ends of the second conduction control module.

[0019] Furthermore, the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device includes a gas balance pipe, a water sampling structure, a second air outlet pipe, and a second air inlet pipe. One end of the gas balance pipe is higher than the other end at the top. The second air inlet pipe and the second air outlet pipe are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom at one end of the gas balance pipe. The second air outlet pipe is lower than the top of the other end of the gas balance pipe. The second air outlet pipe is fixedly connected in communication with another group of output ends of the second conduction control module through a pipeline. The second air inlet pipe is fixedly connected in communication with another group of input ends of the first conduction control module. The water sampling structure is connected to the top of one end of the gas balance pipe, and the water sampling structure is connected to the data acquisition control module and the power supply module.

[0020] Furthermore, the water sampling structure includes a water addition pipe, a water pump, a relay, and a spray head. The water addition pipe is fixedly installed at the top of one end of the gas balance pipe. The water outlet end of the water addition pipe is fixedly connected to the spray head. The water inlet end of the water addition pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the water pump. The water pump is electrically connected to the relay, and the relay is electrically connected to the data acquisition control module and the power supply module.

[0021] Furthermore, the spray head is arranged below the bottom of the second air inlet pipe.

[0022] A usage method of a water-air interface greenhouse gas flux detection linkage system includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: The data acquisition control module controls the first conduction control module and the second conduction control module to open towards the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device. The data acquisition control module controls the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device to pump water. The gas in the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device enters the first conduction control module, then enters the first analysis module for a primary detection, and then enters the second analysis module for a secondary detection. Finally, it returns to the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device through the second conduction control module. The transmission coefficient method is detected for 10 minutes to detect the greenhouse gas concentration on the water surface.

[0024] Step 2: The data acquisition control module controls the first conduction control module and the second conduction control module to open to the automatic chamber method observation device. The data acquisition control module controls the automatic chamber method observation device to move above the detection water area. The gas in the automatic chamber method observation device enters the first conduction control module, then enters the first analysis module for a primary detection, then enters the second analysis module for a secondary detection, and finally returns to the automatic chamber method observation device through the second conduction control module. The chamber method is detected for 10 minutes, and the atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration is detected;

[0025] Step 3: The data acquisition control module controls the first conduction control module and the second conduction control module to open to the automatic chamber method observation device. The data acquisition control module controls the automatic chamber method observation device to move to the state of covering the water surface. The gas in the automatic chamber method observation device enters the first conduction control module, then enters the first analysis module for a primary detection, then enters the second analysis module for a secondary detection, and finally returns to the automatic chamber method observation device through the second conduction control module. The chamber method is detected for 10 minutes, and the greenhouse gas concentration at the water-air interface is detected;

[0026] Step 4: Repeat Steps 1 to 3.

[0027] The present invention has the following technical effects:

[0028] The data acquisition control module of the present invention controls the first conduction control module and the second conduction control module to open to the automatic observation device of the transmissivity method. The data acquisition control module controls the automatic observation device of the transmissivity method to pump water. The gas in the automatic observation device of the transmissivity method enters the first conduction control module, then enters the first analysis module for a primary detection, then enters the second analysis module for a secondary detection, and finally returns to the automatic observation device of the transmissivity method through the second conduction control module. The transmissivity method is detected for 10 minutes to detect the concentration of greenhouse gases on the water surface. Then, the data acquisition control module controls the automatic observation device of the chamber method to move to the water surface for 10 minutes. The data acquisition control module controls the first conduction control module and the second conduction control module to open to the automatic observation device of the chamber method. The data acquisition control module controls the automatic observation device of the chamber method to move above the detection water area. The gas in the automatic observation device of the chamber method enters the first conduction control module, then enters the first analysis module for a primary detection, then enters the second analysis module for a secondary detection, and finally returns to the automatic observation device of the chamber method through the second conduction control module for the detection of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration. Then, the data acquisition control module controls the first conduction control module and the second conduction control module to open to the automatic observation device of the chamber method. The data acquisition control module controls the automatic observation device of the chamber method to move to the state of being buckled on the water surface. The gas in the automatic observation device of the chamber method enters the first conduction control module, then enters the first analysis module for a primary detection, then enters the second analysis module for a secondary detection, and finally returns to the automatic observation device of the chamber method through the second conduction control module. The chamber method is detected for 10 minutes to detect the concentration of greenhouse gases at the water-air interface. The linkage system realizes the detection of different requirements for the observation devices of the two methods through the connection and switching of the gas path and the circuit, and simultaneously realizes the continuous and automatic observation of the concentrations of CH4, CO2, and N2O at the water-air interface, captures various flux signals of greenhouse gases to the greatest extent, eliminates the human errors existing due to manual operation during the observation period, and the systematic errors of the separation of the sampling and analysis spaces, improves the quality of the observed data, and reduces the uncertainty of the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions. Description of the Drawings

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the linkage system for detecting the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2Structural schematic of the box method automatic observation device of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 3 Structural schematic of the box method automatic observation device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 Front view of the structural of the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is Figure 5 Cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A of;

[0036] Figure 7 Observation concentration diagram when the linkage system of the present invention is running.

[0037] The reference numerals in the figure respectively represent: 1. Data acquisition and control module 2. Power supply module 3. Box method automatic observation device 31. Support frame 32. Box body 33. First air outlet pipe 34. Electric push rod 35. DC motor forward and reverse controller 36. First air inlet pipe 4. Transmission coefficient method automatic observation device 41. Gas balance pipe 42. Second air outlet pipe 43. Second air inlet pipe 44. Water adding pipe 45. Water pump 46. Relay 47. Sprinkler head 5. First conduction control module 6. First analysis module 7. Second analysis module 8. Second conduction control module. Specific implementation manners

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0040] The "left", "right", "front", "rear", "upper" and "lower" mentioned in the following description are oriented in the perspective direction of the front view.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , the water-air interface greenhouse gas flux detection linkage system, including the data acquisition and control module 1;

[0043] The data acquisition control module 1 is electrically connected to a power supply module 2, a box method automatic observation device 3, a transmission coefficient method automatic observation device 4, a first conduction control module 5, a first analysis module 6, a second analysis module 7, and a second conduction control module 8;

[0044] The power supply module 2 is electrically connected to the box method automatic observation device 3, the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device 4, the first conduction control module 5, the first analysis module 6, the second analysis module 7, and the second conduction control module 8;

[0045] The intake end and the outlet end of the box method automatic observation device 3 are respectively and fixedly connected in communication through pipelines to a set of input ends of the first conduction control module 5 and a set of output ends of the second conduction control module 8;

[0046] The intake end and the outlet end of the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device 4 are respectively and fixedly connected in communication through pipelines to another set of input ends of the first conduction control module 5 and another set of output ends of the second conduction control module 8;

[0047] The output end of the first conduction control module 5 is fixedly connected in communication through a pipeline to the input end of the first analysis module 6;

[0048] The output end of the first analysis module 6 is fixedly connected in communication through a pipeline to the input end of the second analysis module 7;

[0049] The output end of the second analysis module 7 is fixedly connected in communication through a pipeline to the input end of the second conduction control module 8;

[0050] The data acquisition control module 1 controls the first conduction control module 5 and the second conduction control module 8 to open to the automatic observation device 4 of the transmissivity method. The data acquisition control module 1 controls the automatic observation device 4 of the transmissivity method to pump water. The gas in the automatic observation device 4 of the transmissivity method enters the first conduction control module 5, then enters the first analysis module 6 for a primary detection, and then enters the second analysis module 7 for a secondary detection. Finally, it returns to the automatic observation device 4 of the transmissivity method through the second conduction control module 8. The transmissivity method is detected for 10 minutes to detect the concentration of greenhouse gases on the water surface. Then, the data acquisition control module 1 controls the automatic observation device 3 of the chamber method to move to the water surface for 10 minutes. The data acquisition control module 1 controls the first conduction control module 5 and the second conduction control module 8 to open to the automatic observation device 3 of the chamber method. The data acquisition control module 1 controls the automatic observation device 3 of the chamber method to move above the detection water area. The gas in the automatic observation device 3 of the chamber method enters the first conduction control module 5, then enters the first analysis module 6 for a primary detection, and then enters the second analysis module 7 for a secondary detection. Finally, it returns to the automatic observation device 3 of the chamber method through the second conduction control module 8 for the detection of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration. Then, the data acquisition control module 1 controls the first conduction control module 5 and the second conduction control module 8 to open to the automatic observation device 3 of the chamber method. The data acquisition control module 1 controls the automatic observation device 3 of the chamber method to move to the state of covering the water surface. The gas in the automatic observation device 3 of the chamber method enters the first conduction control module 5, then enters the first analysis module 6 for a primary detection, and then enters the second analysis module 7 for a secondary detection. Finally, it returns to the automatic observation device 3 of the chamber method through the second conduction control module 8. The chamber method is detected for 10 minutes to detect the concentration of greenhouse gases at the water-air interface. The linkage system realizes the detection of the observation devices of the two methods with different requirements through the connection and switching of the gas path and the circuit, and at the same time realizes the continuous and automatic observation of the concentrations of CH4, CO2 and N2O at the water-air interface, captures various flux signals of greenhouse gases to the greatest extent, eliminates the human errors existing due to manual operation during the observation period, and the systematic errors of the separation of the sampling and analysis spaces, improves the quality of the observation data, and reduces the uncertainty of the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions.

[0051] The first conduction control module 5 is a two-in-one-out control valve.

[0052] Both the first analysis module 6 and the second analysis module 7 are gas analyzers.

[0053] The second conduction control module 8 is a one-in-two-out control valve.

[0054] Please refer to the appendix Figure 2 and 3, The box method automatic observation device 3 includes a support frame 31, a box body 32, a first air outlet pipe 33, an electric push rod 34, a DC motor forward and reverse controller 35, and a first air inlet pipe 36. The electric push rod 34 is fixedly installed on the support frame 31, and the driving end of the electric push rod 34 is fixedly connected to the box body 32. The first air outlet pipe 33 and the first air inlet pipe 36 are respectively fixedly connected to the through holes at the upper ends of the two side walls of the box body 32. The electric push rod 34 is electrically connected to the DC motor forward and reverse controller 35, and the DC motor forward and reverse controller 35 is electrically connected to the data acquisition control module 1 and the power supply module 2. The first air inlet pipe 36 is fixedly connected in communication with a group of input ends of the first conduction control module 5, and the first air outlet pipe 33 is fixedly connected in communication with a group of output ends of the second conduction control module 8;

[0055] During the box method detection, the data acquisition control module 1 controls the first conduction control module 5 to open to the first air inlet pipe 36 and the second conduction control module 8 to open to the first air outlet pipe 33. The first air inlet pipe 36 is in conduction with a group of input ends of the first conduction control module 5, and the first air outlet pipe 33 is in conduction with a group of output ends of the second conduction control module 8. The data acquisition control module 1 controls the DC motor forward and reverse controller 35, and the DC motor forward and reverse controller 35 controls the electric push rod 34 to rotate forward. The electric push rod 34 drives the box body 32 to move to the state of buckling on the water surface. The box body 32 is in a closed state. The gas in the box body 32 enters the first conduction control module 5 through the first air inlet pipe 36, then enters the first analysis module 6 for a primary detection, and then the second analysis module 7 conducts a secondary detection. Finally, it enters the first air outlet pipe 33 from the second conduction control module 8 and finally returns to the box body 32. The time is 10 minutes. The data acquisition control module 1 collects the data detected by the first analysis module 6 and the second analysis module 7. The first analysis module 6 and the second analysis module 7 conduct two-side detections to realize the box method detection, detect the greenhouse gas concentration at the water-air interface, and multiple groups of data reflect the data accuracy;

[0056] During the box method detection, the data acquisition control module 1 controls the first conduction control module 5 to open the first intake pipe 36 and the second conduction control module 8 to open the first outlet pipe 33. The first intake pipe 36 is in conduction with a set of input terminals of the first conduction control module 5, and the first outlet pipe 33 is in conduction with a set of output terminals of the second conduction control module 8. The data acquisition control module 1 controls the DC motor forward and reverse controller 35, and the DC motor forward and reverse controller 35 controls the electric push rod 34 to reverse. The electric push rod 34 drives the box body 32 to move to the water surface of the detection water area. The box body 32 is in an open state. The gas in the box body 32 enters the first conduction control module 5 through the first intake pipe 36, then enters the first analysis module 6 for a first detection, and then the second analysis module 7 conducts a second detection. Finally, it enters the first outlet pipe 33 from the second conduction control module 8 and returns to the box body 32. The detection time is 10 minutes. The data acquisition control module 1 collects the data detected by the first analysis module 6 and the second analysis module 7. The first analysis module 6 and the second analysis module 7 conduct two-sided detections to achieve the detection of the atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration. Multiple groups of data reflect the data accuracy.

[0057] Please refer to the attached Figure 4 、 5 And 6. The transmission coefficient method automatic observation device 4 includes a gas balance pipe 41, a water sampling structure, a second outlet pipe 42 and a second intake pipe 43. One end of the gas balance pipe 41 is higher than the other end at the top. A second intake pipe 43 and a second outlet pipe 42 are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom at one end of the gas balance pipe 41. The second outlet pipe 42 is lower than the top of the other end of the gas balance pipe 41. The second outlet pipe 42 is fixedly connected in communication with another set of output terminals of the second conduction control module 8 through a pipeline. The second intake pipe 43 is fixedly connected in communication with another set of input terminals of the first conduction control module 5. The water sampling structure is connected to the top of one end of the gas balance pipe 41. The water sampling structure is connected to the data acquisition control module 1 and the power supply module 2.

[0058] The water sampling structure includes a water addition pipe 44, a water pump 45, a relay 46 and a nozzle 47. The water addition pipe 44 is fixedly installed at the top of one end of the gas balance pipe 41. The water outlet end of the water addition pipe 44 is fixedly connected with the nozzle 47. The water inlet end of the water addition pipe 44 is fixedly connected with the output end of the water pump 45. The water pump 45 and the relay 46 are electrically connected. The relay 46 is electrically connected to the data acquisition control module 1 and the power supply module 2.

[0059] The nozzle 47 is arranged lower than the bottom of the second intake pipe 43.

[0060] During the detection by the transmission coefficient method, the data acquisition control module 1 controls the second conduction control module 8 to open the second air outlet pipe 42 and the first conduction control module 5 to open the second air inlet pipe 43. The second air outlet pipe 42 is conducted with a group of output terminals of the second conduction control module 8, and the second air inlet pipe 43 is conducted with a group of input terminals of the first conduction control module 5. The data acquisition control module 1 controls the relay 46, and the relay 46 controls the water pump 45. The water pump 45 pumps water into the gas balance pipe 41 and then sprays it out from the nozzle 47. The gas in the gas balance pipe 41 enters the first conduction control module 5 through the second air inlet pipe 43, then enters the first analysis module 6 for a primary detection, and then the second analysis module 7 conducts a secondary detection. Finally, it enters the second air outlet pipe 42 from the second conduction control module 8 and finally returns to the gas balance pipe 41, forming a complete gas circuit for observing greenhouse gases at the water-air interface by the chamber method. The data acquisition control module 1 collects the data detected by the first analysis module 6 and the second analysis module 7. The first analysis module 6 and the second analysis module 7 conduct two-sided detections and continuously detect for 10 minutes to achieve the detection by the transmission coefficient method and the detection of the greenhouse gas concentration at the water surface layer. Multiple groups of data reflect the data accuracy. Then, the data acquisition control module 1 controls the DC motor forward and reverse controller 35, and the DC motor forward and reverse controller 35 controls the electric push rod 34 to rotate forward and backward to conduct the detection of the greenhouse gas concentration at the air-water interface by the chamber method.

[0061] Please refer to the appendix Figures 1-7 A method for using a linkage system for detecting greenhouse gas fluxes at the water-air interface, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: The data acquisition control module 1 controls the first conduction control module 5 and the second conduction control module 8 to open the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device 4. The data acquisition control module 1 controls the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device 4 to pump water. The gas in the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device 4 enters the first conduction control module 5, then enters the first analysis module 6 for a primary detection, and then enters the second analysis module 7 for a secondary detection. Finally, it returns to the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device 4 through the second conduction control module 8. The transmission coefficient method is detected for 10 minutes to detect the greenhouse gas concentration at the water surface layer;

[0063] Step 2: The data acquisition control module 1 controls the first conduction control module 5 and the second conduction control module 8 to open the chamber method automatic observation device 3. The data acquisition control module 1 controls the chamber method automatic observation device 3 to move to the water surface and be in an open state. The gas in the chamber method automatic observation device 3 enters the first conduction control module 5, then enters the first analysis module 6 for a primary detection, and then enters the second analysis module 7 for a secondary detection. Finally, it returns to the chamber method automatic observation device 3 through the second conduction control module 8. The chamber method is detected for 10 minutes to detect the atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration;

[0064] Step 3: The data acquisition control module 1 controls the first conduction control module 5 and the second conduction control module 8 to open to the automatic chamber method observation device 3. The data acquisition control module 1 controls the automatic chamber method observation device 3 to move under the water surface and be in a closed state. The gas in the automatic chamber method observation device 3 enters the first conduction control module 5, then enters the first analysis module 6 for a primary detection, then enters the second analysis module 7 for a secondary detection, and finally returns to the automatic chamber method observation device 3 through the second conduction control module 8. The chamber method is detected for 10 minutes to detect the greenhouse gas concentration at the water-air interface;

[0065] Step 4: Repeat Steps 1 to 3.

[0066] The above method takes 30 minutes as a cycle. The linkage system realizes the observation of the transfer coefficient method, the chamber method, and the atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration, and minimizes the influence of time delay on flux calculation as much as possible in terms of the differences in the observation methods.

[0067] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements will not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A linkage system for detecting greenhouse gas fluxes at the water-air interface, comprising a data acquisition and control module (1), characterized in that: The data acquisition and control module (1) is electrically connected to a power supply module (2), a chamber method automatic observation device (3), a transfer coefficient method automatic observation device (4), a first conduction control module (5), a first analysis module (6), a second analysis module (7) and a second conduction control module (8); The power supply module (2) is electrically connected to the chamber method automatic observation device (3), the transfer coefficient method automatic observation device (4), the first conduction control module (5), the first analysis module (6), the second analysis module (7) and the second conduction control module (8); The intake end and the outlet end of the chamber method automatic observation device (3) are respectively and fixedly connected through pipes to a set of input ends of the first conduction control module (5) and a set of output ends of the second conduction control module (8); The intake end and the outlet end of the transfer coefficient method automatic observation device (4) are respectively and fixedly connected through pipes to another set of input ends of the first conduction control module (5) and another set of output ends of the second conduction control module (8); The output end of the first conduction control module (5) is fixedly connected through a pipe to the input end of the first analysis module (6); The output end of the first analysis module (6) is fixedly connected through a pipe to the input end of the second analysis module (7); The output end of the second analysis module (7) is fixedly connected through a pipe to the input end of the second conduction control module (8); The transfer coefficient method automatic observation device (4) includes a gas balance pipe (41), a water sampling structure, a second outlet pipe (42) and a second inlet pipe (43). One end of the gas balance pipe (41) is higher than the other end at the top. The second inlet pipe (43) and the second outlet pipe (42) are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom at one end of the gas balance pipe (41). The second outlet pipe (42) is lower than the top of the other end of the gas balance pipe (41). The second outlet pipe (42) is fixedly connected through a pipe to another set of output ends of the second conduction control module (8). The second inlet pipe (43) is fixedly connected to another set of input ends of the first conduction control module (5). The water sampling structure is connected to the top of one end of the gas balance pipe (41). The water sampling structure is connected to the data acquisition and control module (1) and the power supply module (2).

2. The water-air interface greenhouse gas flux detection linkage system according to claim 1, wherein The first conduction control module (5) is a two-in-one-out control valve.

3. The gas-liquid interface greenhouse gas flux detection linkage system according to claim 2, characterized in that Both the first analysis module (6) and the second analysis module (7) are gas analyzers.

4. The water-air interface greenhouse gas flux detection linkage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second conduction control module (8) is a one-in-two-out control valve.

5. The gas-liquid interface greenhouse gas flux detection linkage system according to claim 4, wherein The box method automatic observation device (3) includes a support frame (31), a box body (32), a first air outlet pipe (33), an electric push rod (34), a DC motor forward and reverse controller (35), and a first air inlet pipe (36). The electric push rod (34) is fixedly installed on the support frame (31), and the driving end of the electric push rod (34) is fixedly connected to the box body (32). The first air outlet pipe (33) and the first air inlet pipe (36) are respectively fixedly connected to the through holes at the upper ends of the two side walls of the box body (32). The electric push rod (34) is electrically connected to the DC motor forward and reverse controller (35), and the DC motor forward and reverse controller (35) is electrically connected to the data acquisition control module (1) and the power supply module (2). The first air inlet pipe (36) is fixedly connected in communication with a set of input ends of the first conduction control module (5), and the first air outlet pipe (33) is fixedly connected in communication with the output ends of a set of the second conduction control module (8).

6. The gas-water interface greenhouse gas flux detection linkage system according to claim 5, wherein The water sampling structure includes a water adding pipe (44), a water pump (45), a relay (46), and a spray head (47). The water adding pipe (44) is fixedly installed at the top of one end of the gas balance pipe (41). The water outlet end of the water adding pipe (44) is fixedly connected to the spray head (47), and the water inlet end of the water adding pipe (44) is fixedly connected to the output end of the water pump (45). The water pump (45) is electrically connected to the relay (46), and the relay (46) is electrically connected to the data acquisition control module (1) and the power supply module (2).

7. The water-air interface greenhouse gas flux detection linkage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spray head (47) is arranged below the bottom of the second air inlet pipe (43).

8. A method for using the linkage system for detecting greenhouse gas fluxes at the water-air interface as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: The data acquisition control module (1) controls the first conduction control module (5) and the second conduction control module (8) to open to the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device (4). The data acquisition control module (1) controls the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device (4) to pump water. The gas in the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device (4) enters the first conduction control module (5), then enters the first analysis module (6) for a primary detection, then enters the second analysis module (7) for a secondary detection, and finally returns to the transmission coefficient method automatic observation device (4) through the second conduction control module (8). The transmission coefficient method is detected for 10 minutes to detect the concentration of greenhouse gases in the water surface layer; Step 2: The data acquisition control module (1) controls the first conduction control module (5) and the second conduction control module (8) to open to the box method automatic observation device (3). The data acquisition control module (1) controls the box method automatic observation device (3) to move above the detection water area. The gas in the box method automatic observation device (3) enters the first conduction control module (5), then enters the first analysis module (6) for a primary detection, then enters the second analysis module (7) for a secondary detection, and finally returns to the box method automatic observation device (3) through the second conduction control module (8). The box method is detected for 10 minutes to detect the concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases; Step 3: The data acquisition control module (1) controls the first conduction control module (5) and the second conduction control module (8) to open to the automatic chamber method observation device (3). The data acquisition control module (1) controls the automatic chamber method observation device (3) to move to the state of covering the water surface. The gas in the automatic chamber method observation device (3) enters the first conduction control module (5), then enters the first analysis module (6) for the first detection, then enters the second analysis module (7) for the second detection, and finally returns to the automatic chamber method observation device (3) through the second conduction control module (8). The chamber method is detected for 10 minutes to detect the greenhouse gas concentration at the water-air interface; Step 4: Repeat Steps 1 to 3.

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