Improved spectrometer objective table adjusting method

Abstract

The invention discloses an improved spectrometer objective table adjusting method, and belongs to the field of spectrometer use. The method comprises the following steps: focusing a telescope to infinity, and adjusting the distance between an eyepiece and a reticle to enable a cross wire on the reticle to be clear; the telescope is aligned with the plane mirror, and then the distance between the objective lens and the reticle is adjusted, so that the cross image is clearest; the inclination angle of the objective table and the pitch angle of the telescope are adjusted to enable the cross image to coincide with the a cross wire; the plane mirror is rotated by 180 degrees, and whether the cross image shifts a cross filament in the longitudinal direction or not is observed; the gradient of the objective table is adjusted, so that the longitudinal distance between the cross image and the a cross wire is shortened by half; repeatedly rotating the plane mirror and adjusting the gradient of the objective table, so that the cross image is longitudinally symmetrical about the a-cross wire before and after the plane mirror is rotated; the objective table is rotated by 90 degrees, the inclination of the objective table is adjusted to make the cross image coincide with the cross wire, and the plane mirror and the objective table are repeatedly adjusted until the cross image is longitudinally symmetrical about the a cross wire before and after the plane mirror is rotated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of spectrometer use, and particularly relates to an improved method for adjusting the spectrometer stage. Background Art

[0002] A spectrometer is an important precision optical instrument in college physics experiments. It can accurately measure the deflection angle of light and thereby measure various physical quantities including the wavelength of light, the refractive index of materials, and the dispersion rate. Therefore, the spectrometer plays an important role in college physics experiment teaching, and some experiments that must use the spectrometer are required experiments in college physics experiments.

[0003] When adjusting the stage of the existing spectrometer stage adjustment method, a prerequisite is that the used plane mirror is standard, that is, the mirror surface is perpendicular to the base. When the plane mirror meets the standard, the existing adjustment method can achieve the adjustment of the stage.

[0004] However, the traditional method ignores the difficulties that will be encountered in the adjustment operation when the plane mirror is not standard enough. But if the mirror surface of the plane mirror is not perpendicular to the base, the existing adjustment method cannot smoothly perform the adjustment operation. The quality of the plane mirrors used in college laboratories fluctuates, and generally it is impossible to ensure that the plane mirrors in each school laboratory are standard enough. At this time, an adjustment method that is not affected by the quality of the plane mirror is needed. For this reason, an improved method for adjusting the spectrometer stage is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved method for adjusting the spectrometer stage, which solves the problems in the existing technology.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] An improved method for adjusting the spectrometer stage, the spectrometer includes a base, a collimator, a telescope, and a plane mirror disposed on the stage, and the adjustment method includes the following steps:

[0008] S1, focus the telescope to infinity, and adjust the stage plane, the optical axis of the telescope, and the optical axis of the collimator to be horizontal and at the same height; adjust the distance between the eyepiece and the reticle to make the crosshairs on the reticle clear as a whole; align the telescope with the plane mirror to observe the cross image from the eyepiece; then adjust the distance between the objective lens and the reticle to make the cross image clearest;

[0009] S2, find the cross image in the telescope, and adjust the tilt angle of the stage and the pitch angle of the telescope to make the cross image coincide with the a crosshair;

[0010] S3. Keep the stage stationary, rotate the plane mirror by 180°, and observe whether the cross image shifts vertically by a crosshair; if there is a shift, it indicates that the plane of the plane mirror is not perpendicular to the base, and proceed to S4;

[0011] S4. Adjust the inclination of the stage so that the vertical distance between the cross image and the a crosshair is reduced by half; repeatedly rotate the plane mirror and adjust the inclination of the stage so that the cross image is symmetric about the a crosshair vertically before and after the rotation of the plane mirror;

[0012] S5. Rotate the stage by 90°, adjust the inclination of the stage so that the cross image coincides with the crosshair, and repeat the operation of S4 until the cross image is symmetric about the a crosshair vertically before and after the rotation of the plane mirror.

[0013] Further, the adjustment process in S4 is specifically as follows: when reducing the vertical distance between the cross image and the a crosshair by half, record the vertical distance between the cross image and the a crosshair at this moment; rotate the plane mirror by 180°, and adjust the inclination of the stage again so that the vertical distance between the cross image and the a crosshair approaches the vertical distance recorded before rotation; repeatedly perform the rotation of the plane mirror and the adjustment of the inclination of the stage so that the cross image is symmetric about the a crosshair vertically before and after the rotation of the plane mirror.

[0014] Further, three stage inclination adjustment screws are provided at the lower end of the stage to adjust the inclination of the stage.

[0015] Further, the stage can rotate and its height is adjustable.

[0016] Further, parallel light is emitted from the outer end of the collimator towards the center of the stage, and the elevation angle of the collimator is adjustable.

[0017] Further, the telescope includes an objective lens, an eyepiece, a reticle, and a light source; the light source passes through a cross-shaped light-transmitting hole, is reflected by the reticle, and then exits from the objective lens. The outgoing light is reflected by the plane mirror on the stage and then enters the objective lens and is directed towards the reticle, and the cross image on the reticle can be observed from the eyepiece.

[0018] Further, a total reflection prism at 45° is provided on the reticle.

[0019] Further, the elevation angle of the telescope is adjustable.

[0020] Further, a vernier scale is provided above the base, the stage is arranged on the vernier scale, and a vernier scale rotation fine adjustment screw is provided on one side of the vernier scale to adjust its rotation angle.

[0021] Application of the above improved spectrometer stage adjustment method in optical measurement.

[0022] Advantages of the present invention:

[0023] The method of the present invention effectively reduces the errors caused by the non - perpendicularity of the plane mirror surface to the base, which could not be solved by the past adjustment methods. Through the adjustment method described in the present invention, the problem that the stage may not be adjustable to the horizontal during use can be solved, improving the accuracy of the experimental results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spectrometer of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is the position of the inclination adjustment screw of the plane mirror relative to the stage when the stage is adjusted for the first time;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the a - cross hair of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the telescope of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1 - base, 2 - vernier disk, 3 - fine adjustment screw for vernier disk rotation, 4 - stage, 5 - collimator, 6 - telescope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the spectrometer is a commonly used spectrometer in universities, including: a base 1, above which a rotatable and adjustable vernier disk 2 is provided, and a fine adjustment screw 3 for vernier disk rotation is provided on one side of the vernier disk 2 to finely adjust its steering angle;

[0033] A stage 4 is provided at the upper end of the vernier disk 2, and a plane mirror is placed on the stage 4; three stage inclination adjustment screws are provided at the lower end of the stage 4 to adjust the inclination of the stage; in addition, in this embodiment, the stage can rotate and its height is adjustable.

[0034] On one side of the stage 4, a collimator 5 is provided, and parallel light is emitted from the outer end of the collimator towards the center of the stage 4; in this embodiment, the pitch angle of the collimator 5 is adjustable;

[0035] On the other side of the stage 4, a telescope 6 for observation is provided, as Figure 4 shown, the telescope 6 includes an objective lens, an eyepiece, a reticle, and a light source. A total reflection prism at 45° is provided on the reticle; the light source passes through a cross-shaped light-transmitting hole, is reflected by the prism and then emitted from the objective lens. The emitted light is reflected by the plane mirror on the stage and then enters the objective lens and is directed towards the reticle, and the cross image on the reticle can be observed from the eyepiece.

[0036] In this embodiment, the pitch angle of the telescope can be adjusted by adjusting the pitch angle adjustment screw; the telescope can rotate around the main axis of the spectrometer (the telescope always points to the center of rotation around the main axis).

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] Based on the spectrometer in Embodiment 1, an improved method for adjusting the stage of the spectrometer is proposed in this embodiment, including the following steps:

[0039] S1, find the cross image;

[0040] First, focus the telescope 6 to infinity. By observing with the eyes, adjust the plane of the stage 4, the optical axis of the telescope 6, and the optical axis of the collimator 5 to be basically horizontal and at the same height; place the stage 4 and the plane mirror in accordance with Figure 2 one of the ways in (a) and (b) in Figure 2 where the large circle is the stage, M is the plane mirror, and the three small circles are the stage tilt adjustment screws;

[0041] Then, adjust the distance between the eyepiece and the reticle to make the crosshairs on the reticle clear; align the telescope 6 with the plane mirror, slowly rotate the stage 4 so that the plane mirror faces the telescope 6 directly, so that the cross image can be observed from the eyepiece; then adjust the distance between the objective lens and the reticle to make the cross image the clearest.

[0042] S2, adjust the optical axis of the telescope 6 to be perpendicular to the instrument rotation axis;

[0043] After the previous operation, rotate the stage 4 by 180°, and use the same steps as in S1 to find the cross image in the telescope 6. Generally, the reflected cross image will deviate from the a crosshair at this time. Adopt the method of "adjusting half each time and approaching gradually" to adjust the tilt angle of the stage 4 and the pitch angle of the telescope 6, and gradually make the cross image coincide with the a crosshair ( Figure 3 shown).

[0044] S3, confirm whether the plane mirror surface is perpendicular to the base;

[0045] After completing the above operations, keep the stage 4 stationary and rotate the plane mirror by 180°; control the plane mirror by hand so that the cross image can be observed through the eyepiece, and try to make the cross image appear in the center of the field of view; observe whether the cross image is longitudinally offset from the a crosshair; if there is an offset, it means that the plane of the plane mirror is not perpendicular to the base, and the adjustment operation of the spectrometer stage (S4 - S5) needs to be improved; if there is no offset, it means that the plane of the plane mirror is perpendicular to the base, and the adjustment can continue according to the classical adjustment method;

[0046] Among them, the classical adjustment method includes the following:

[0047] Place the stage 4 and the plane mirror in one of the ways of Figure 2 (a) and (b) in Figure 3 (relative to the other placement method in S1). Repeat the adjustment operation S2 so that the cross image coincides with the a crosshair again (

[0048] as shown).

[0049] After confirming that the plane of the plane mirror is not perpendicular to the base, adjust the tilt adjustment screw of the stage so that the longitudinal distance between the cross image and the a crosshair is reduced by half, and roughly record the longitudinal distance between the cross image and the a crosshair at this moment; then rotate the plane mirror by 180°, at this time the cross image should be offset from the a crosshair by a certain distance; adjust the tilt of the stage again to make the longitudinal distance between the cross image and the a crosshair as close as possible to the longitudinal distance recorded before rotation (the two longitudinal distances here are symmetric with respect to the a crosshair); repeatedly rotate the plane mirror and adjust the tilt of the stage so that the cross image is symmetric about the a crosshair longitudinally before and after the rotation of the plane mirror.

[0050] S5, adjust out the other horizontal axis of the stage;

[0051] After ensuring that the previous operation is completed, rotate the stage 4 by 90°, that is, use the other way of Figure 2 (a) and (b) in

[0052] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0053] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. An improved method for adjusting a stage of a spectrometer, wherein the spectrometer comprises a base, a collimator, a telescope and a plane mirror arranged on the stage, characterized in that: The adjustment method includes the following steps: S1, focus the telescope to infinity, adjust the stage plane, the optical axis of the telescope and the optical axis of the collimator to be horizontal and at the same height; adjust the distance between the eyepiece and the graticule to make the crosshairs on the graticule clear as a whole; aim the telescope at the plane mirror to observe the cross image from the eyepiece; then adjust the distance between the objective lens and the graticule to make the cross image clearest; S2, find the cross image in the telescope, adjust the inclination angle of the stage and the pitch angle of the telescope, so that the cross image coincides with the cross hair a; S3, keep the stage still, rotate the plane mirror 180°, and observe whether the cross image is offset by a crosshairs in the longitudinal direction; if there is an offset, it means that the plane mirror surface is not perpendicular to the base, and enter S4; S4, adjust the inclination of the stage to shorten the longitudinal distance between the cross image and the a-cross wire by half; repeatedly rotate the plane mirror and adjust the inclination of the stage to make the cross image symmetrical about the a-cross wire in the longitudinal direction before and after the plane mirror is rotated; S5, rotate the stage 90°, adjust the stage inclination so that the cross image coincides with the cross wire, and repeat the operation of S4 until the cross image is symmetrical about the cross wire a in the longitudinal direction before and after the plane mirror is rotated.

2. The improved spectrometer stage adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment process in S4 is specifically as follows: when the longitudinal distance between the cross image and the a-cross wire is shortened by half, the longitudinal distance between the cross image and the a-cross wire is recorded; the plane mirror is rotated 180°, and the inclination of the stage is adjusted again to make the longitudinal distance between the cross image and the a-cross wire close to the longitudinal distance recorded before the rotation; the plane mirror rotation and the stage inclination are repeatedly adjusted to make the cross image symmetrical about the a-cross wire in the longitudinal direction before and after the rotation of the plane mirror.

3. The improved spectrometer stage adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three loading platform inclination adjustment screws are arranged at the lower end of the loading platform to adjust the inclination of the loading platform.

4. The improved spectrometer stage adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stage is rotatable and height-adjustable.

5. The improved spectrometer stage adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parallel light is emitted from the outer end of the collimator toward the center of the stage, and the elevation angle of the collimator is adjustable.

6. The improved spectrometer stage adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescope comprises an objective lens, an eyepiece, a graticule and a light source; the light source passes through a cross-shaped light-transmitting hole, is reflected by the graticule and then emitted from the objective lens, the emitted light is reflected by a plane mirror on the stage and then enters the objective lens and then emits toward the graticule, and a cross image on the graticule can be observed from the eyepiece.

7. The improved spectrometer stage adjustment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: A 45° total reflection prism is arranged on the graticule.

8. The improved spectrometer stage adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch angle of the telescope is adjustable.

9. The improved spectrometer stage adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vernier disc is arranged above the base, the loading platform is arranged on the vernier disc, and a vernier disc fine-tuning screw is arranged on one side of the vernier disc to adjust the steering angle thereof.

10. Application of the improved spectrometer stage adjustment method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in optical measurement.

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