Underwater multi-target physiological signal monitoring method and system based on underwater acoustic communication networking

Abstract

The invention provides an underwater multi-target physiological signal monitoring method and system based on underwater acoustic communication networking, and belongs to the technical field of underwater communication and monitoring. The system comprises a plurality of sensor nodes, a buoy gateway node and a relay node, and each node is provided with a unique identifier. The sensor nodes not only have a conventional underwater environment data acquisition function, but also integrate heart rate, blood oxygen, body temperature and other physiological signal monitoring modules, can acquire physiological state data of an underwater operator in real time, and communicate with other nodes through underwater acoustic signals; the buoy gateway node receives data from each sensor node and the relay node, and uploads the data to a shore control center through radio communication to realize remote monitoring and early warning; the relay node is used for expanding the network coverage range, optimizing the data transmission path and improving the system robustness. According to the method, based on a mesh topology structure, a time division multiplexing mechanism is adopted to realize accurate time sequence synchronization and avoid data collision; and the orderliness and reliability of data transmission are ensured through inter-node hop count recording and forwarding control. According to the system, a networking monitoring system which is dynamic, adaptive, easy to expand and low in cost is constructed, and the system is widely applied to application scenes such as underwater operation safety monitoring, group physiological state management and emergency response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater communication and monitoring, and particularly to an underwater multi-target physiological signal monitoring method and system based on underwater acoustic communication networking. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of underwater operations and diving projects, the demand for real-time monitoring of the physiological status of operators is increasing. Currently, common underwater communication technologies mainly focus on the collection and transmission of environmental data, lacking the function of real-time monitoring and early warning of the physiological signals of operators, and it is difficult to cope with physiological abnormalities such as diving fatigue and hypoxia. In addition, traditional underwater communication systems mostly adopt centralized or point-to-point transmission methods. With the increase in the number of nodes, data synchronization and transmission stability face challenges, and it is difficult to meet the needs of group collaborative monitoring. At the same time, the integration degree of the physiological signal data acquisition module and the environmental data acquisition module is low, and it is difficult to balance the overall power consumption and real-time performance of the system.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for an underwater acoustic communication networking monitoring method that can not only collect environmental data in a dynamically changing underwater environment but also real-time monitor the physiological status of group underwater operators to ensure underwater operation safety and timely emergency response. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides an underwater multi-target physiological signal monitoring method and system based on underwater acoustic communication networking, which realizes real-time and reliable monitoring of the status of underwater operators and the underwater environment by integrating a physiological data acquisition module and an optimized data transmission mechanism.

[0005] The first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides an underwater multi-target physiological signal monitoring method based on underwater acoustic communication networking, which is applied to any one of the sensor nodes, buoy gateway nodes, and relay nodes in an underwater acoustic communication networking system. The method includes: After all nodes complete clock synchronization, a mesh topology structure is adopted, and a fixed transmission period is divided into multiple sub-periods. Each sub-period is executed by a designated node for data broadcasting, and other nodes are in a listening state; After the sensor node collects human physiological data and environmental data, through signal conditioning, it encapsulates a data packet with a timestamp, an initial hop count, and a sequence number, and sends the data using an underwater acoustic communication module; After the relay node listens to the data, it decides whether to forward according to the data hop count record, node number, and a preset forwarding rule, and accumulates the hop count in the data packet to ensure that the data is transmitted along the optimal path; After the buoy gateway node parses the data packet, it immediately uploads the data to the onshore control center, and at the same time sends a control signal to other nodes in the network to terminate the data forwarding of the current period and prepare for the next data period.

[0006] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an underwater multi-target physiological signal monitoring method based on an underwater acoustic communication network, which is applied to a sensor node of an underwater acoustic communication network monitoring system. The underwater acoustic communication network monitoring system further includes other nodes such as a plurality of buoy gateway nodes and relay nodes. The method includes: The sensor node periodically activates the corresponding signal acquisition module according to an instruction or a preset period; The signal acquisition module acquires environmental or physiological data and obtains a digital signal through analog-to-digital conversion; The sensor node encapsulates the digital signal to form a data packet, and attaches a timestamp, initial hop count information, and a sequence number; The sensor node sends the data packet to an adjacent relay node through underwater acoustic communication or directly sends it to a buoy gateway node; When the sensor node is in a non-acquisition state, it is regarded as a relay node.

[0007] The third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an underwater multi-target physiological signal monitoring method based on an underwater acoustic communication network, which is applied to a relay node of an underwater acoustic communication network monitoring system. The underwater acoustic communication network monitoring system further includes other nodes such as a plurality of sensor nodes and buoy gateway nodes. The method includes: The relay node is default in a listening state and parses the data packet after receiving it; The relay node decides whether to forward the data in the current or subsequent transmission cycle according to a preset forwarding rule (including comparing the hop count, sequence number, and priority) to avoid redundant forwarding; If the relay node performs data forwarding, it accumulates the hop count in the data packet before forwarding.

[0008] The fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an underwater multi-target physiological signal monitoring method based on an underwater acoustic communication network, which is applied to a buoy gateway node of an underwater acoustic communication network monitoring system. The underwater acoustic communication network monitoring system further includes other nodes such as a plurality of sensor nodes and relay nodes. The method includes: The buoy gateway node is default in a listening state and parses the data packet after receiving it; The buoy gateway node immediately forwards the data to the onshore control center after the data parsing is completed; The buoy gateway node sends an information indicating that the data transmission is completed to an adjacent node through underwater acoustic communication, stops the forwarding of the current data in the network, and prepares for the next data cycle.

[0009] The fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an underwater multi-target physiological signal monitoring system based on an underwater acoustic communication network, including a sensor node, a relay node, and a buoy gateway node, wherein: Sensor node: Integrated with a physiological signal monitoring module, an environmental data monitoring module, an underwater acoustic communication module, a processing module, a clock module, and a power module, it can collect underwater environmental parameters and physiological data such as the heart rate, blood oxygen, and body temperature of the operator respectively, and send the data through underwater acoustic communication; Relay node: Integrated with an underwater acoustic communication module, a processing module, a clock module, and a power module, it is used to expand the network coverage and optimize the data transmission path. It has an intelligent forwarding function and judges whether to forward according to the hop count of the received data and the node priority, avoiding data redundancy and collision; Buoy gateway node: Integrated with a radio communication module, an underwater acoustic communication module, a processing module, a clock module, and a power module, it serves as an interface for underwater and onshore communication. It receives data from sensor nodes and relay nodes and transmits the data to the onshore control center via radio communication to achieve remote monitoring and early warning.

[0010] Implementing the embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: It can be seen that through a method and system for monitoring multi-target physiological signals underwater based on underwater acoustic communication networking in the embodiments of the present invention, the underwater acoustic communication networking monitoring system includes multiple sensor nodes, relay nodes, and buoy gateway nodes. By integrating a physiological signal monitoring module and an environmental monitoring sensor, real-time monitoring of the status of underwater operators is achieved, and real-time monitoring and early warning are carried out at the onshore control center through an additional data fusion and analysis module, ensuring that once abnormal physiological parameters or environmental data are found, an emergency response can be immediately initiated, providing double protection for operation safety. The method adopts a mesh topology structure and a time-division multiplexing mechanism to achieve precise timing synchronization, effectively avoiding data collision and redundant forwarding, and improving the reliability of network transmission. In this way, a low-cost, easy-to-expand underwater multi-target physiological signal monitoring system that supports adaptive addition and deletion and dynamic adjustment of nodes can be realized, which is suitable for large-scale group underwater operation monitoring scenarios. Description of the Drawings

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the underwater acoustic communication networking monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic scenario diagram of the underwater acoustic communication networking monitoring system provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3A It is a schematic structural diagram of a sensor node provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3B Schematic structural diagram of a relay node provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3C Schematic structural diagram of a buoy gateway node provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the data forwarding process provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0012] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0013] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above accompanying drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes steps or units not listed, or optionally further includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0014] Referring to the embodiments in the present invention means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described in the present invention may be combined with other embodiments.

[0015] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic flowchart of the underwater acoustic communication networking monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and specifically includes the following steps: S100: Establish the networking structure of underwater communication nodes: Form a basic underwater acoustic communication network structure by selecting sensor nodes, buoy gateway nodes and relay nodes suitable for underwater operators. S200: Node synchronization and data acquisition: Ensure that all nodes complete clock synchronization, and collect physiological signals and environmental data. The sensor nodes transmit the collected physiological data and environmental data to adjacent nodes. S300: Data transmission and forwarding: The relay node judges and forwards the received data to ensure that the data is transmitted to the buoy gateway node in sequence and effectively. S400: Data Upload and Monitoring: The buoy gateway node uploads data to the onshore control center. Meanwhile, the system provides physiological monitoring and warning feedback for underwater operators based on real-time data analysis.

[0016] As Figure 2 shown, Figure 2 Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the underwater acoustic communication networking monitoring system applying steps S100 to S400 in an embodiment of the present invention, specifically presenting the communication relationships among sensor nodes, relay nodes, and buoy gateway nodes. Among them, after multiple underwater operators wear sensor nodes and conduct operations underwater, each sensor node activates the physiological signal monitoring module and the environmental data monitoring module according to a preset or commanded cycle, integrates the data and transmits it to adjacent nodes. After continuous forwarding, the data reaches the buoy gateway node, and finally, the buoy gateway node sends it to the onshore control center through a wireless communication connection.

[0017] The structure of the sensor node is shown in Figure 3A Figure 12. The sensor node integrates multiple functional modules, including a physiological signal monitoring module, an environmental data monitoring module, an underwater acoustic communication module, a processing module, a clock module, and a power module. Its main function is to collect underwater environmental parameters and physiological data of the operator (such as heart rate, blood oxygen, body temperature, etc.), and send the collected data to adjacent nodes through the underwater acoustic communication module.

[0018] The structure of the relay node is shown in Figure 3B Figure 17. The relay node also integrates an underwater acoustic communication module, a processing module, a clock module, and a power module. Its main function is to expand the network coverage, optimize the data transmission path, and improve the robustness of the system. The relay node has an intelligent forwarding function and can judge whether to forward data according to the hop count (HC) and node priority (NP) of the received data packet, so as to avoid redundant data transmission and data collision problems. The relay nodes are arranged at key positions to ensure that every corner of the underwater operation area is covered, guaranteeing full network coverage and effective data transmission.

[0019] The buoy gateway node is shown in Figure 3C, The buoy gateway node integrates a radio communication module, an underwater acoustic communication module, a processing module, a clock module, and a power module, acting as a communication bridge between underwater and onshore. Its core function is to receive data from multiple sensor nodes and relay nodes and upload the data to the onshore control center via radio communication, thus achieving remote monitoring and early warning. After receiving the data packets forwarded through multiple levels, the buoy gateway node first parses and merges the data through the built-in control module, and then uploads the merged data to the onshore control center. At the same time, the buoy gateway node will send a control signal to the underwater network to stop the forwarding of the current data cycle, ensuring that the data transmission in the next cycle can be carried out accurately and efficiently.

[0020] Figure 4 Further shows the data forwarding process. After a node detects data, if the node is within its own sending sub-cycle, it will determine whether the current data conforms to the data forwarding rules. If it conforms, it will perform the forwarding operation; if not, it will wait for the next data trigger. The data forwarding rules specifically include: 1. Core mechanism of forwarding strategy Dynamic hop count recording mechanism: Each node records its minimum hop count (MHC) and source node sequence number (SSN) when receiving a data packet for path optimization; Hop count update rule: If the hop count of the received data packet is less than the currently recorded MHC, update the path and mark it as a valid path; otherwise, discard the redundant data. 2. Forwarding decision conditions Hop count comparison condition: If a node receives a data packet with a lower hop count, it will stop forwarding; if the hop counts are the same and the source node sequence number (SSN) is updated or the node priority (NP) is higher, overwrite the current record and forward. The hop count update formula is as follows: MHC new = min(MHC local , MHCn received + 1) Collision avoidance mechanism: If data packets with the same priority and equivalent paths are received, a delayed forwarding strategy is adopted to re-evaluate the forwarding requirements in the next cycle. The priority weight function is as follows: Where α + β = 1, which are adjustable weight coefficients. 3. Termination conditions Data arrives at the buoy gateway: When a data packet is received by the buoy gateway node, an acknowledgment signal (ACK) is sent, and all nodes clear the forwarding status of the data packet; Timeout Discarding Mechanism: If a data packet does not reach the gateway within the maximum survival period (TTL), the data packet is discarded.

[0021] Furthermore, the onshore control center is equipped with a data fusion and analysis module. By performing real-time monitoring and big data analysis on the received physiological signals and environmental data, it realizes all-round monitoring and early warning of the status of underwater operators. The system has a friendly user interface, which can display the physiological parameters of underwater operators and environmental changes in real time, support historical data query, and accident emergency decision-making.

[0022] It should be noted that for the foregoing method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should know that the present application is not limited by the described action sequence, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other sequences or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present application.

[0023] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the various embodiments have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0024] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed device can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there can be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of the device or unit can be in an electrical or other form.

[0025] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or they can be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0026] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the application can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software program modules.

[0027] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software program module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a memory and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned memory includes various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, read-only memories (ROM), random access memories (RAM), mobile hard disks, magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0028] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a program. This program can be stored in a computer-readable memory, and the memory can include: flash drives, read-only memories, random access memories, magnetic disks, or optical discs, etc.

[0029] The above has introduced the embodiments of this application in detail. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of this application; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to this application.

Claims

1. A method for underwater multi-target physiological signal monitoring based on underwater acoustic communication networking, characterized in that: Applied to a networking system including sensor nodes, buoy gateway nodes and relay nodes, the method comprises the following steps: Providing multiple underwater sensor nodes, buoy gateway nodes and relay nodes, each node has a unique identifier; In addition to the function of collecting underwater environmental data, the sensor node also integrates a physiological signal monitoring module for real-time collection of physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood oxygen, and body temperature of the operator; After all nodes complete clock synchronization, a mesh topology is used for data transmission. A fixed transmission cycle is set and divided into several sub-cycles, where each sub-cycle is assigned to a specific node for exclusive data broadcast, and the remaining nodes remain in a listening state; Each node records the number of data hops when receiving data, and decides whether to forward the data in the current or subsequent transmission cycle according to the preset forwarding rules (including comparison of hop counts, sequence numbers, and priorities) until the data reaches the buoy gateway node; The buoy gateway node receives data from multiple underwater sensor nodes and relay nodes, and uploads messages containing physiological signals and environmental data to the onshore control center via radio communication, thereby achieving real-time monitoring and early warning of the status of underwater operators.

2. The underwater acoustic communication networking monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor node activates the physiological signal monitoring module and the environmental data monitoring module according to a preset or instruction cycle, obtains human physiological data and environmental data, encapsulates them into data packets with timestamps, initial hop counts and sequence numbers, and sends them to adjacent relay nodes via the underwater acoustic communication module or directly transmits them to the buoy gateway node.

3. The underwater acoustic communication networking monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relay node is in a listening state by default, and parses the received data packet, and determines whether to forward the data according to the current data hop count and the forwarding status of the adjacent nodes. If forwarding is decided, the hop count in the data packet is accumulated before forwarding.

4. The underwater acoustic communication networking monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After receiving and parsing the data packet, the buoy gateway node forwards the data (including human physiological data and environmental data) to the onshore control center in real time, and sends a control signal to other nodes in the network to stop further forwarding of the current data and prepare for the next data cycle.

5. An underwater multi-target physiological signal monitoring system based on underwater acoustic communication networking, comprising a sensor node, a buoy gateway node and a relay node, wherein the system executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: Multiple sensor nodes, integrated with physiological signal monitoring module, environmental data monitoring module, underwater acoustic communication module, processing module, clock module and power supply module, are used to obtain human physiological data and environmental data; At least one buoy gateway node, integrated with a radio communication module, an acoustic communication module, a processing module, a clock module and a power module, for receiving data packets from sensor nodes and relay nodes, and transmitting the data to an onshore control center via the radio communication module; Multiple relay nodes, integrated with underwater acoustic communication modules, processing modules, clock modules and power modules, are used to expand network coverage underwater, optimize data transmission paths, and forward received data packets when forwarding rules are met.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The sensor node includes a physiological signal monitoring module and an environmental data monitoring module. The physiological signal monitoring module is placed inside the underwater worker's clothing to monitor human physiological data, and the environmental data monitoring module is placed outside the underwater worker's clothing to monitor underwater environmental data.

7. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The sensor node, buoy gateway node and relay node all include a processing module, an underwater acoustic communication module, a clock module and a power module. The processing module is used to perform functions such as data analysis, hop count recording, forwarding judgment and communication coordination. The underwater acoustic communication module contains an acoustic transducer and a transceiver circuit for data transmission with other nodes. The clock module is used to realize a time synchronization benchmark. The power module provides power support for the node.

8. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The system also includes a data fusion and analysis module installed in the onshore control center, which is used for real-time monitoring, data fusion processing and abnormal warning of the received physiological signals and environmental data, ensuring timely understanding of the status of underwater operators and emergency response.

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