Field corn online harvesting and threshing integrated processing method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of maize planting technology, specifically relating to an integrated online harvesting and threshing method for field maize, comprising the following steps: S1, selecting an early-maturing maize variety for field sowing; S2, implementing field water, fertilizer, and chemical control management for the maize, using chemical control to regulate excessive growth in the early growth stage, and refraining from irrigation and topdressing during the 5-9 leaf stage; managing the mid-growth stage as usual for field maize, and prohibiting irrigation during the milk-ripe to maturity stage in the later growth stage; S3, determining the maize kernel content x at the physiological maturity stage, and determining the straw cutting length based on the kernel content and row width; when the maize kernel moisture content x ≤ 25%, using an integrated harvesting and threshing machine to mechanically harvest the maize kernels; this method provides technical guidance for achieving mechanical harvesting of maize kernels, facilitates mechanical harvesting of field maize, improves labor efficiency, enhances kernel integrity, and reduces harvesting losses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of maize planting technology, specifically relating to an integrated online harvesting and threshing method for field maize. Background Technology

[0002] One of the most significant reasons for China's high corn production costs and weak international competitiveness is the high labor costs, particularly during harvesting. Therefore, achieving full mechanization of the corn production process is the future direction. Currently, the bottleneck to full mechanization is the direct harvesting of kernels by machinery. In recent years, the pace of mechanization in China's corn production has accelerated. Statistics show that in 2015, China's corn mechanized harvesting rate was 65%, mainly consisting of mechanical ear harvesting, with kernel harvesting accounting for a very small proportion, less than 5%, primarily distributed in the 3-5 accumulated temperature zone of Heilongjiang, northeastern Inner Mongolia, and parts of Xinjiang. Kernel harvesting is a method of harvesting by machinery in the field, completing ear harvesting and threshing in one step. This reduces many steps in the corn harvesting process, greatly improves labor efficiency, saves costs, promotes large-scale land production, and reduces kernel mold and loss. High moisture content is the main reason for the high breakage rate during mechanical kernel harvesting in my country. Given the current labor shortage in China, kernel harvesting is the future direction for corn production transformation and represents the "last mile" towards achieving full mechanization of corn production.

[0003] Mechanical grain harvesting of corn is a systematic project involving agricultural machinery, varieties, cultivation, harvesting, storage, drying, and sales. Currently, the key limiting factor is variety. Since the 1980s, corn breeding in my country has focused on high yields. Under the traditional manual harvesting framework, a breeding approach of tall stalks, sparse planting, large ears, and extended growth periods to achieve high yields has been adopted. Coupled with the complexity of dehydration traits, research on related grain dehydration has progressed slowly. Currently, in many corn-producing areas of my country, the growth period is relatively long, and the grain moisture content at harvest is typically 30%-40%, with live stalk maturation still quite common. This makes mechanical grain harvesting difficult and also leads to mold growth during the drying process, affecting the commercial quality of the corn. In recent years, the promotion and dense planting of KWS series varieties in the early-maturing areas of Northeast China and the irrigated areas of Northwest China have played a significant role in promoting regional mechanical grain harvesting technology. Developing early-maturing varieties with rapid grain dehydration and low moisture content at harvest should be a prerequisite for the promotion of mechanical grain harvesting technology in all producing areas.

[0004] The Hebei Plain, located at the northern end of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, is an important corn-producing area in my country. However, due to limitations in varieties, supporting cultivation techniques, machinery, and climate, mechanical grain harvesting accounts for a very low proportion of production. With the development of production, especially the emergence of new agricultural business entities and the increase in labor costs, the demand for corn grain harvesting in the corn production sector is growing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an integrated online harvesting and threshing method for field corn, providing technical guidance for achieving mechanized corn grain harvesting, facilitating mechanized grain harvesting of field corn, improving labor efficiency, enhancing the integrity of corn kernels, and reducing grain loss.

[0006] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for integrated online harvesting and threshing of field corn, the key of which includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Select a corn variety and sow it in the field;

[0009] S2. Carry out field water, fertilizer and chemical control management for corn. Use chemical control to control excessive growth in the early growth stage, and do not irrigate or apply fertilizer during the 5-9 leaf stage. The management in the middle growth stage is the same as ordinary field management. Do not irrigate during the milk-ripe to maturity stage in the later growth stage.

[0010] S3. After the corn ear has reached physiological maturity, the moisture content of the corn kernels is measured. When the moisture content of the corn kernels reaches x≤25%, the corn is mechanically harvested using a harvesting and threshing machine.

[0011] In step S1, the corn variety selected is an early-maturing corn variety with a plant height of less than 2.5m, an ear height of more than 1.1m, and a growth cycle of 70-110 days.

[0012] In step S1, when selecting a maize variety, a maize variety carrying the insect-resistant Bt gene is selected.

[0013] In step S1, the corn is planted using a wide-narrow row planting method, with the width of the wide row a = 60-100cm and the width of the narrow row b = 30-50cm, and the corn planting density is 4500-6000 plants / mu.

[0014] In step S3, after the corn ear has reached physiological maturity and the moisture content of the corn kernels is greater than 25%, the stalk above the ear position is cut off according to the formula (n / m)*(a / b)=(35-x) / (x-25), where m represents the cut-off length of the stalk from the top of the ear to the top of the ear position, and n represents the retained length of the stalk above the ear position. After cutting, wait until the husks turn white and loosen, and a black layer appears on the top of the kernels. When the moisture content of the corn kernels is measured to be x≤25%, the corn is harvested.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the harvesting and threshing integrated machine includes a peeling unit and a threshing unit. The peeling unit is connected to the discharge end of the ear stalk separation unit via a conveying unit, and the threshing unit is connected to the output end of the peeling unit. The peeling unit includes a set of inner peeling rollers and outer peeling rollers. The inner peeling rollers are arranged in pairs between the two outer peeling rollers. A husk collection box is provided below the inner peeling rollers, and a grain collection box 4 is provided below the threshing unit. The outer peeling rollers and inner peeling rollers are inclined downwards between the feed end and the output end of the peeling unit.

[0016] Furthermore, the threshing unit includes a set of threshing components connected sequentially along the discharge direction of the peeling unit. The threshing components include a first sliding plate, a first threshing roller, and a second threshing roller. The first threshing roller is located between the first sliding plate and the second threshing roller to receive the ears of grain output from the first sliding plate. The first threshing roller and the second threshing roller are respectively provided with threshing protrusions. The second threshing roller cooperates with the first threshing roller to thresh the ears of grain. The distance between the threshing protrusions and the first threshing roller is greater than the diameter of the ear of grain. A fixed baffle is provided on the rear side of the second threshing roller.

[0017] Furthermore, the output end of the peeling unit is connected to the feed end of the threshing unit via a second sliding plate, and a lifting baffle is also provided between the second sliding plate and the threshing unit.

[0018] Furthermore, both the first threshing roller and the second threshing roller rotate clockwise, and the rotational speed r1 of the first threshing roller is less than the rotational speed r2 of the second threshing roller.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] This invention reduces the moisture content of corn kernels at harvest by selecting early-maturing varieties and extending the dehydration time of corn stalks, thus ensuring that the kernel moisture content meets the requirements for mechanical corn harvesting. Furthermore, it improves ventilation and light penetration by using wide and narrow row planting, thereby guaranteeing corn yield per acre.

[0021] Choose corn varieties with uniform ear position, hard or semi-hard kernels, and dent kernels to facilitate mechanical threshing and reduce kernel breakage rate.

[0022] After the corn reaches physiological maturity, the moisture content of the corn kernels is measured. If the moisture content is below 25%, the kernels are harvested directly. If the moisture content is above 25%, the length of the portion above the ear is calculated using the formula (n / m)*(a / b)=(35-x) / (x-25), thereby accelerating kernel dehydration and reducing kernel mold.

[0023] Compared with existing corn kernel harvesters, the harvesting and threshing integrated machine of this invention improves the peeling and threshing units. The outer peeling roller is located on both sides of the paired inner peeling roller to form a barrier to prevent the ears from being threshed by the inner peeling roller. The outer peeling roller is equipped with spiral ribs, which can drive the ears to move towards the output end of the peeling unit when the outer peeling roller rotates, ensuring that the peeled ears can be smoothly output by the peeling unit.

[0024] The output end of the peeling unit is connected to the feed end of the threshing unit via the second sliding plate. A lifting baffle is installed between the second sliding plate and the threshing unit. The lifting baffle enables intermittent feeding from the peeling unit to the threshing unit, preventing excessive ear of grain from accumulating in the threshing unit and ensuring that each ear of grain is in full and effective contact with the threshing components, thereby improving threshing efficiency. On the other hand, it also prevents excessive ear of grain from squeezing and colliding with each other during the threshing process, which would increase the impact force on the ear of grain and avoid damage to the kernels, thus improving the integrity and quality of the kernels.

[0025] The threshing unit is equipped with one or more threshing components. The multi-stage threshing components can divert the ears of grain in the threshing unit, improve threshing efficiency, and reduce the amount of ears of grain accumulating in each stage of the threshing components. This helps to improve the integrity of the grains and reduce the load on the threshing components. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the harvesting and threshing machine.

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of part B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the rotation direction of the inner peeling roller and the outer peeling roller;

[0031] In the attached diagram, 1 is the inner peeling roller, 2 is the outer peeling roller, 3 is the husk collecting box, 4 is the grain collecting box, 5 is the first sliding plate, 6 is the first threshing roller, 7 is the second threshing roller, 8 is the threshing protrusion, 9 is the fixed baffle, 10 is the second sliding plate, and 11 is the lifting baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0033] Specific embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, this invention relates to an integrated online harvesting and threshing method for field corn, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1. Selecting Corn Varieties: Early maturity is a crucial trait for optimal grain harvesting. Appropriately advancing the maturity date of corn varieties can extend the time for stalk dehydration, thereby reducing the moisture content of the kernels at harvest. In the spring corn regions of Northeast and Northwest China, temperatures cool down in the later stages of corn maturity, and there is virtually no moisture loss after November. Late-maturing, full-growth varieties have almost no time for dehydration before harvest, while early-maturing varieties, due to their earlier physiological maturity and relatively abundant light and heat resources, dehydrate faster. In the northern part of the Huang-Huai-Hai summer corn region, under double-cropping conditions, heat resources are relatively insufficient, making early maturity of varieties even more important for kernel dehydration.

[0035] Density tolerance is the foundation of efficient grain harvesting;

[0036] The reduction in grain moisture after physiological maturity is mainly due to physical dehydration. The interaction of related agronomic traits and environment of the plant, husks, ears, and grains is an important factor affecting the rate of grain dehydration. In terms of plant type, plant height and ear height are significantly negatively correlated with the rate of grain dehydration. Lower plant height and higher ear height help the ears dehydrate quickly. In addition, a larger angle between the plant, ear, and stem is conducive to grain dehydration. Varieties with a plant height of less than 2.5m and a higher ear position are preferred.

[0037] Regarding ear traits, pericarp thickness is negatively correlated with grain dehydration rate, and good pericarp permeability is beneficial for grain dehydration. Ear diameter and cob diameter are significantly negatively correlated with grain dehydration rate, and fewer ear rows, smaller ears, and smaller grains are beneficial for grain dehydration. Among all agronomic traits related to grain dehydration rate, ear husk traits have been studied the most. Husk thickness and husk layer number are important factors affecting grain dehydration rate. Traits such as loose husks, short husks, and low husk moisture content are all beneficial for accelerating grain dehydration rate.

[0038] In terms of ear and kernel characteristics, combined with production surveys, it was found that corn varieties with the introduction of the insect-resistant Bt gene are not affected by stem borers and the ears grow naturally. Compared with corn varieties without the gene, the ears are slender and longer, with slightly fewer rows, more kernels per row, slightly smaller 100-kernel weight, slightly smaller number of kernels per ear, and a higher total number of kernels. This is conducive to corn dehydration and high yield.

[0039] Agronomic traits of individual corn plants: A well-developed and vigorous root system; moderately thick, strong, and resilient stalks, effectively reducing lodging and facilitating mechanical harvesting. Compact plant type and moderate size, facilitating stalk cutting and crushing. Uniform ear placement; a moderate angle between the ear and stalk; loose husks and drooping ears after full maturity, facilitating mechanical peeling and ear picking, reducing ear loss and impurity content; and hard or semi-hard kernels, hard dent kernels, thinner cobs, high hardness, and strong resilience, facilitating mechanical threshing, reducing kernel breakage rate, and minimizing impurity content in the kernels.

[0040] Requirements for maize plant populations: Maize varieties suitable for machine harvesting should be tolerant of dense planting, high temperatures, and have strong self-regulation capabilities. This facilitates mechanical harvesting while ensuring pollen formation, survival, and sufficient natural pollination, thus maximizing high-yield potential. A planting density of 4,500–6,000 plants per acre is generally recommended. Uniform plant growth and consistent ear height are also desirable for easy mechanical harvesting. Maize varieties suitable for machine harvesting should also be highly resistant to disease, especially stalk rot, to prevent straw drying or lodging that could hinder mechanical harvesting.

[0041] The corn varieties selected include Jingdan 917, Heng 9, and Hengyu 517. In this embodiment, Jingdan 917 is selected. Varieties with insect-resistant Bt genes are preferred. When sowing, a wide-narrow row planting method is adopted, where the width of the wide row is a = 60-100cm and the width of the narrow row is b = 30-50cm. In this embodiment, a = 80cm and b = 40cm are preferred, and the planting density is 5800 plants / mu.

[0042] S2. Conduct field water, fertilizer, and chemical control management for corn. In the early growth stage, use chemical growth control and refrain from irrigation and topdressing during the 5-9 leaf stage to control the upper growth and promote the lower growth, thus achieving the effect of seedling hardening and controlling plant height. Mid-growth management is the same as ordinary field management. In the late growth stage, from the milk stage to maturity (about 25 days before harvest), irrigation should be avoided. The optimal time for chemical growth control in the early growth stage is when the corn has 7-10 expanded leaves. One of the following agents can be selected: chlormequat chloride, aminoethyl, or ethephon. The application method should follow the agent's instructions to control the corn plant height.

[0043] S3. After the corn ears have reached physiological maturity, the moisture content of the corn kernels is measured. When the moisture content of the corn kernels is x≤25%, the corn is mechanically harvested using a harvesting and threshing machine. If the moisture content of the corn kernels is >25%, the straw needs to be cut off.

[0044] Studies have shown that density has a low correlation with ear dehydration, but the canopy ventilation and light penetration rate is directly proportional to ear dehydration. Therefore, wide and narrow row planting is adopted to increase density, and the length of the upper part of the stalk is determined according to the grain moisture content to improve the canopy ventilation and light penetration rate.

[0045] Based on the analysis of meteorological conditions during the harvest period, it takes 13 to 15 days for the moisture content of summer maize to drop from physiological maturity to 25%, and 35 to 49 days to drop to 20%. In the central and southern parts of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, it takes 30 to 35 days. Currently, the main summer maize varieties in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain require an accumulated temperature (≥0℃) of about 2050 to 2800℃·days from emergence to physiological maturity. After physiological maturity, it takes about 160℃·days for the moisture content of the grain to drop to 25%, and about 190℃·days for the moisture content to continue drying to 20%.

[0046] To determine the moisture content of corn kernels, when the moisture content of corn kernels is greater than 25%, the stalk above the ear position is cut off according to the formula (n / m)*(a / b)=(35-x) / (x-25). In the formula, m represents the cut-off length of the stalk above the ear position from the top ear, n represents the retained length of the stalk above the ear position, and m+n is the length from the ear position to the top ear.

[0047] After the straw is cut and the husks turn white and loosen, and a black layer appears on the top of the kernels, the kernel moisture content is measured regularly until it reaches the standard, then the corn is harvested.

[0048] The moisture content of corn kernels is measured by randomly selecting ears of corn, harvesting the kernels, and using commercially available grain moisture monitoring instruments. Multiple samples need to be collected and the average calculated. For example, corn kernels are collected near the edge of the plot and in the center of the plot to measure the moisture content and calculate the average. The average is then used as the moisture content of the corn kernels.

[0049] This invention can reduce the harvesting process of corn, greatly improve labor efficiency, save costs, promote large-scale field production, and at the same time reduce the breakage rate of grains during mechanical grain harvesting, thus reducing losses.

[0050] The harvesting and threshing machine in step S3 is a corn-specific harvesting and threshing machine, including a peeling unit and a threshing unit. The peeling unit is connected to the discharge end of the ear-stalk separation unit via a conveying unit, and the threshing unit is connected to the output end of the peeling unit, as shown below. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the peeling unit includes a set of inner peeling rollers 1 and outer peeling rollers 2. The inner peeling rollers 1 are arranged in pairs between the two outer peeling rollers 2. A husk collection box 3 is arranged below the inner peeling rollers 1. A grain collection box 4 is arranged below the threshing unit. The outer peeling rollers 2 and the inner peeling rollers 1 are arranged at an angle downward between the feed end and the output end of the peeling unit.

[0051] During harvesting, the corn stalks are cut by the harvesting and threshing machine. The ear-stalk separation unit in the harvesting and threshing machine separates the ears from the stalks. The ears fall from the ear-stalk separation unit onto the conveying unit, which is an auger shaft. The conveying unit transports the ears to the peeling unit. The outer peeling roller 2 in the peeling unit is higher than the inner peeling roller 1. The outer peeling roller 2 is located on both sides of the paired inner peeling rollers 1, forming a barrier to prevent the ears from falling onto the inner peeling rollers 1. In this embodiment, a pair of inner peeling rollers 1 and a pair of outer peeling rollers 2 form a peeling assembly. A baffle shaft is provided between each set of peeling assemblies. The baffle shaft separates and disperses the ears to each set of peeling assemblies. The baffle shaft is a round shaft that can rotate around its own axis. Peeling protrusions are evenly distributed on the inner peeling roller 1 and the outer peeling roller 2, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the inner peeling roller 1 and its adjacent outer peeling roller 2 rotate towards each other. The peeling protrusions squeeze and rub the husks on the surface of the ear, causing the corn husks to separate from the ear. The paired inner peeling rollers 1 lift the ear, causing it to fall into the gap between the inner peeling roller 1 and the adjacent outer peeling roller 2. The outer peeling roller 2 applies downward pressure to the ear, ensuring that the ear fully contacts the inner peeling roller 1 and the outer peeling roller 2, thereby improving peeling efficiency.

[0052] Since the outer peeling roller 2 and the inner peeling roller 1 are inclined downward between the feed end and the output end of the peeling unit, after the inner peeling roller 1 and the outer peeling roller 2 rotate to remove the husks on the surface of the ear of fruit, the ear of fruit slides along the inner peeling roller 1 toward the output end of the peeling unit under the action of gravity.

[0053] The output end of the peeling unit is connected to the feed end of the threshing unit via the second slide plate 10. The ears of fruit output from the peeling unit slide through the second slide plate 10 to the threshing unit. A lifting baffle 11 is also provided between the second slide plate 10 and the threshing unit. The lifting baffle 11 is connected to the telescopic end of a cylinder. The cylinder is installed above the second slide plate 10. The cylinder drives the lifting baffle 11 to descend, so that the lifting baffle 11 blocks the ears of fruit on the second slide plate 10 from being output to the threshing unit. After the blocking time reaches a set time, the cylinder drives the lifting baffle 11 to rise, and the ears of fruit output from the peeling unit received on the second slide plate 10 continue to be conveyed to the threshing unit. After the conveying time reaches a set time, the cylinder drives the lifting baffle 11 to descend again. This process is repeated to intermittently convey peeled ears of fruit to the threshing unit, reducing the accumulation of ears of fruit in the threshing unit.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the threshing unit includes a set of threshing components connected sequentially along the discharge direction of the peeling unit. The threshing components include a first sliding plate 5, a first threshing roller 6, and a second threshing roller 7. The first threshing roller 6 is located between the first sliding plate 5 and the second threshing roller 7 to receive the ears of grain output from the first sliding plate 5. Threshing protrusions 8 are respectively provided on the first threshing roller 6 and the second threshing roller 7. The second threshing roller 7 cooperates with the first threshing roller 6 to thresh the ears of grain. The distance between the threshing protrusions 8 and the first threshing roller 6 is greater than the diameter of the ear bar. A fixed baffle 9 is provided on the rear side of the second threshing roller 7. In this embodiment, the threshing unit has two threshing components: a primary threshing component and a secondary threshing component. The first slide plate 5 in the primary threshing component is used to receive the ears of grain output from the second slide plate 10. The first arc plate 6 in the secondary threshing component is used to receive the excess ears of grain in the primary threshing component. Ears of grain that have accumulated in the primary threshing component and are higher than the height of the fixed baffle 9 of the primary threshing component fall into the first slide plate 5 of the secondary threshing component. The first threshing roller 6 and the second threshing roller 7 in the secondary threshing component work together to thresh the ears of grain, increasing the number of ears of grain threshed at the same time and improving the threshing efficiency. The fixed baffle 9 in the secondary threshing component prevents the ears of grain from falling outside the threshing unit.

[0055] The working process of the threshing assembly is as follows: the ears of grain slide down from the first sliding plate 5 to between the first threshing roller 6 and the second threshing roller 7. The first threshing roller 6 and the second threshing roller 7 rotate, and the threshing protrusions 8 on the first threshing roller 6 and the second threshing roller 7 impact the ears of grain, causing the kernels to separate from the cob. The kernels fall through the gap between the first threshing roller 6 and the second threshing roller 7 into the kernel collection box 4. A screen is set on the upper layer of the kernel collection box 4, and the kernels fall through the screen to the lower layer of the kernel collection box 4. After the ears of grain are threshed, their diameter becomes smaller, and they fall from between the first threshing roller 6 and the second threshing roller 7 into the screen on the upper layer of the kernel collection box 4 and are collected.

[0056] Preferably, the first threshing roller 6 and the second threshing roller 7 both rotate clockwise, and the rotational speed r1 of the first threshing roller 6 is less than the rotational speed r2 of the second threshing roller 7. The first threshing roller 6 and the second threshing roller 7 rotate in the same direction at different speeds, and the ears of corn are subjected to different frictional forces between the first threshing roller 6 and the second threshing roller 7, which causes the ears of corn to be rubbed and the corn kernels to separate from the cob.

Claims

1. A method for integrated online harvesting and threshing of field corn, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Select a corn variety and sow it in the field; S2. Carry out field water, fertilizer and chemical control management for corn. Use chemical control to control excessive growth in the early growth stage, and do not irrigate or apply fertilizer during the 5-9 leaf stage. The management in the middle growth stage is the same as ordinary field management. Do not irrigate during the milk-ripe to maturity stage in the later growth stage. S3. After the corn ear has reached physiological maturity, the moisture content of the corn kernels is measured. When the moisture content of the corn kernels reaches x≤25%, the corn is mechanically harvested using a harvesting and threshing machine. In step S3, after the corn ear has reached physiological maturity and the moisture content of the corn kernels is greater than 25%, the stalk above the ear position is cut off according to the formula (n / m)*(a / b)=(35-x) / (x-25), where m represents the cut-off length of the stalk from the top of the ear to the top of the ear position, and n represents the retained length of the stalk above the ear position. After cutting, wait until the husks turn white and loosen, and a black layer appears on the top of the kernels, and then measure the moisture content of the corn kernels until x≤25%, at which point the corn is harvested. In step S3, the harvesting and threshing integrated machine includes a peeling unit and a threshing unit. The peeling unit is connected to the discharge end of the ear stalk separation unit via a conveying unit, and the threshing unit is connected to the output end of the peeling unit. The threshing unit includes a set of threshing components connected in sequence along the discharge direction of the peeling unit. The threshing components include a first sliding plate (5), a first threshing roller (6), and a second threshing roller (7). The first threshing roller (6) is located between the first sliding plate (5) and the second threshing roller (7) to receive the ears of grain output from the first sliding plate (5). Threshing protrusions (9) are respectively provided on the first threshing roller (6) and the second threshing roller (7). The second threshing roller (7) cooperates with the first threshing roller (6) to thresh the ears of grain. The distance between the threshing protrusions (9) and the first threshing roller (6) is greater than the diameter of the ear of grain. A fixed baffle (9) is provided on the rear side of the second threshing roller (7). The output end of the peeling unit is connected to the feed end of the threshing unit via the second sliding plate (10), and a lifting baffle (11) is also provided between the second sliding plate (10) and the threshing unit.

2. The integrated online harvesting and threshing method for field maize according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the corn variety selected is an early-maturing corn variety with a plant height of less than 2.5m, an ear height of more than 1.1m, and a growth cycle of 70-110 days.

3. The integrated online harvesting and threshing method for field maize according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, when selecting a maize variety, a maize variety carrying the insect-resistant Bt gene is selected.

4. The integrated online harvesting and threshing method for field maize according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the corn is planted using a wide-narrow row planting method, with the width of the wide row a = 60-100cm and the width of the narrow row b = 30-50cm, and the corn planting density is 4500-6000 plants / mu.

5. The integrated online harvesting and threshing method for field maize according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peeling unit includes a set of inner peeling rollers (1) and outer peeling rollers (2). The inner peeling rollers (1) are arranged in pairs between the two outer peeling rollers (2). A husk collection box (3) is provided below the inner peeling rollers (1). A grain collection box (4) is provided below the threshing unit. The outer peeling rollers (2) and inner peeling rollers (1) are arranged at an angle downward between the feed end and the output end of the peeling unit.

6. The integrated online harvesting and threshing method for field maize according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first threshing roller (6) and the second threshing roller (7) both rotate clockwise, and the rotational speed r1 of the first threshing roller (6) is less than the rotational speed r2 of the second threshing roller (7).

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