Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10-20% of an eupatorium adenophorum extract; 10%-15% of 55% of dinitol; 40-50% of an organic solvent; and 20-30% of an emulsifier. After being diluted with water, the eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide can be used for fruit dipping and root dipping after fruits and vegetables are harvested and before storage, root dipping for vegetable seedling transplantation and the like, and tests prove that the eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide has good prevention and control effects on fungal diseases of pears, peaches, apples, red dates, grapes, strawberries, tomatoes, oyster mushrooms and the like in the storage period after harvesting and rhizosphere soil fungal diseases of vegetable seedling transplantation; the antibacterial rate of the eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide diluted by 100 times to botrytis cinerea, pineapple black spot pathogen, banana wilt pathogen, mucor irregularia and fusarium oxysporum reaches 99% or above, the antibacterial rate of the eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide diluted by 100 times to alternaria alternata reaches 80% or above, and the eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide meets the current development direction of green and environment-friendly requirements for fungicides. The method has good development and application potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fungicides, and in particular to an Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The extensive use of chemical pesticides has caused great concern about the damage to the ecological environment and the pollution of agricultural products. The development of new green, low-toxic and efficient botanical pesticides using plant extracts to replace chemical pesticides is the trend of future pesticide development. Studies have shown that the leaves of Eupatorium adenophorum contain rich substances with fungicidal activity, which have a high inhibitory effect on a variety of plant fungal pathogens, are safe for higher animals, and have no negative effects on the environment. They are high-quality resources for the development of non-toxic, efficient and economical botanical fungicides.

[0003] Borneol, also known as borneol, includes three isomers: right-handed borneol, left-handed borneol and isoborneol. As a representative of aromatic invigorating drugs, borneol plays an important role as a single agent and assistant. At present, there have been many studies on the antibacterial effect of borneol at home and abroad. In vitro antibacterial experiments on 14 common pathogenic strains have found that borneol has a significant antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus albus. It has an antibacterial effect at lower concentrations and a bactericidal effect at high concentrations. The antibacterial effect increases with the increase of action time and weakens with the decrease of drug concentration.

[0004] At present, there is no precedent at home and abroad for using the extract of Eupatorium adenophorum and borneol to prepare fungicides for plant disease prevention and control. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a botanical fungicide derived from Eupatorium adenophorum and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the background technology.

[0006] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a botanical fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum, wherein the raw materials and mass percentages of the botanical fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum are:

[0008] Eupatorium adenophorum extract: 10-20%;

[0009] 55% dibromophenol: 10-15%;

[0010] Organic solvent: 40-50%;

[0011] Emulsifier: 20-30%.

[0012] Further, the mass percentage of the Eupatorium adenophorum extract is 15.3%;

[0013] The mass percentage of the 55% diborane alcohol is 13.9%;

[0014] The mass percentage of the organic solvent is 44.9%;

[0015] The mass percentage of the emulsifier is 25.9%.

[0016] Furthermore, the organic solvent is one or a mixture of more than one of acetone, ethyl acetate and anhydrous ethanol;

[0017] The emulsifier is a Tween emulsifier.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a botanical fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum, which is used to prepare the above-mentioned botanical fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1, weighing various raw materials in the formula according to the mass percentage, dividing the weighed organic solvent into a first part and a second part according to a volume ratio of 1:1-5, adding the Eupatorium adenophorum extract to the organic solvent of the first part and stirring to dissolve, to obtain a first solution;

[0020] Step 2, adding 55% of diphenylmethane to the first solution and stirring until uniform, to obtain an organic phase of the solution;

[0021] Step three, adding an emulsifier to the organic phase of the solution, and adding the second part of the organic solvent, stirring until uniform, to obtain the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide.

[0022] A third aspect of the present invention provides an application of a plant-derived fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum in inhibiting fruit and vegetable pathogens. The plant-derived fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum is the plant-derived fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum mentioned above or is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0023] Furthermore, the fruit and vegetable pathogens include Botrytis cinerea, pineapple black spot pathogen, Alternaria alternata, banana wilt pathogen, tomato early blight pathogen, Mucor irregularis and Fusarium oxysporum.

[0024] Furthermore, during the application process, the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide is diluted 100-150 times with water and used for dipping fruits and roots before storage after harvesting and for dipping roots during vegetable seedling raising and transplanting.

[0025] Furthermore, the antibacterial rates of the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide diluted 100 times against Botrytis cinerea, pineapple black spot pathogen, banana wilt pathogen, Mucor irregularis and Fusarium oxysporum all reached more than 99%, and the antibacterial rates against Alternaria alternata all reached more than 80%.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] After being diluted with water, the botanical fungicide provided by the invention can be used for dipping fruits and roots before storage after harvesting fruits and vegetables, dipping roots during vegetable seedling raising and transplanting, and the like. Tests have shown that the botanical fungicide has a good prevention and control effect on fungal diseases of pears, peaches, apples, red dates, grapes, strawberries, tomatoes, oyster mushrooms, etc. during postharvest storage and fungal diseases in the rhizosphere soil of vegetable seedling raising and transplanting. The botanical fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum diluted 100 times has an inhibition rate of more than 99% on gray mold, pineapple black spot pathogen, banana wilt pathogen, irregular mold and Fusarium oxysporum, and an inhibition rate of more than 80% on Alternaria alternata, which meets the current development direction of green and environmentally friendly requirements for fungicides and has good development and application potential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The inhibitory effect diagram of the botanical fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum on gray mold, pineapple black rot, Alternaria alternata and banana wilt pathogen in the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the inhibitory effect of the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide on tomato early blight, Mucor irregularis and Fusarium oxysporum in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the antibacterial effect of the botanical fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum on fruits infected with gray mold, pineapple black rot and Alternaria alternata in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the antibacterial effect of the plant-derived fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum on fruit infected with tomato early blight and irregular mucor in an example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described below are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] The present invention provides a botanical fruit and vegetable fungicide prepared from Eupatorium adenophorum extract as a raw material through research on processing technology, and the preparation is in the form of a microemulsion (hereinafter referred to as Eupatorium adenophorum microemulsion). The following raw materials are composed by weight percentage:

[0034] Eupatorium adenophorum extract: 10-20%;

[0035] 55% dibromophenol: 10-15%;

[0036] Organic solvent: 40-50%;

[0037] Emulsifier: 20-30%.

[0038] It should be noted that in the following embodiments, the emulsifier can be selected from one or more compounds of the emulsifiers known in the art, for example, Tween-type emulsifiers, and the solvent is a commonly used solvent that meets food safety requirements, for example, acetone, ethyl acetate, ethanol, etc. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, which are not listed here one by one.

[0039] The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the Eupatorium adenophorum extract, an emulsifier, an organic solvent and water according to the formula, stirring the mixture uniformly and then subjecting the mixture to quality inspection to obtain the finished product.

[0040] The following is an example of a configuration of a plant-derived fungicide from Eupatorium adenophorum.

[0041] Example 1: Preparation of Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide

[0042] The following raw materials are selected and prepared by weight percentage: the mass percentage of Eupatorium adenophorum extract is 15.3%, the mass percentage of 55% diborane alcohol is 13.9%, the mass percentage of organic solvent is 44.9%, and the mass percentage of emulsifier is 25.9%. The organic solvent is anhydrous ethanol solvent, and the emulsifier is Tween-80.

[0043] (1) Weigh the extract of Eupatorium adenophorum, 55% diboranol, an emulsifier and an organic solvent according to the formula amount, divide the anhydrous ethanol into two equal parts, first add the extract of Eupatorium adenophorum to one part of the anhydrous ethanol solvent, stir until uniform, then add the formula amount of 55% diboranol to the solution and stir until uniform, so as to obtain an organic phase.

[0044] (2) Add Tween-80 to the organic phase, stir until uniform, and finally add it to the remaining anhydrous ethanol solvent, stir until uniform, and let it stand to obtain the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide.

[0045] (3) First, take an appropriate amount of water, slowly add the prepared Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide into the water, stir while adding to disperse the stock solution into the water, and dilute the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide stock solution 100-300 times to obtain the dosage used in production.

[0046] Example 2: Study on the antibacterial activity of Eupatorium adenophorum plant-derived fungicide

[0047] 2.1 Inhibitory activity of Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide against pathogens of fruit and vegetable fungal diseases. Botrytis cinerea, pineapple black rot pathogen, Alternaria alternata, banana wilt pathogen, tomato early blight pathogen, Mucor irregularis and Fusarium oxysporum were inoculated into PDA medium, incubated in a 25°C constant temperature incubator for 2-7 days, and bacterial plaques with a diameter of 8 mm were obtained from the edge of the colony using a sterile cork puncher, which was the bacterial plaque used for antibacterial.

[0048] 2.2 Preparation of drug-containing culture medium

[0049] Potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) was used as the antibacterial test method for bactericidal active substances. The conventional preparation method was adopted, and the specific production process was as follows: 200g of peeled potatoes were weighed, cut into small pieces with a knife, put into a pot, added with 1000mL of distilled water, boiled for 20min, filtered out the filtrate with gauze, the filtrate was made up to 1000mL again, poured into the pot and boiled, 20g of glucose was added and stirred quickly until dissolved, after dissolution, poured into a measuring cylinder again and made up to 1000mL, poured into a 1000mL Erlenmeyer flask with 16.6g of agar powder, stirred evenly, sealed, and put into a sterilizing pot for sterilization at 120° for use.

[0050] Take the original solution of the plant-derived fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum, draw an appropriate amount of the original solution and add it to the culture medium, use an oscillator to fully mix the original solution and the culture medium, and prepare the drug-containing culture medium with 100, 200, and 300 times of the original solution dilution. Take 25mL of the culture medium with different contents and transfer it to a culture dish with a diameter of 9cm, place it flat on a sterile operating table, and form a uniformly thin plate after cooling. Add an equal amount of sterile water as a blank control, and set 3 replicates for different concentrations.

[0051] 2.3 Index Measurement

[0052] The mycelium growth rate method was used to determine the inhibitory effect of the botanical fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum on different plant pathogens. The specific method is as follows: Use a 0.8 cm diameter puncher to punch a number of plaques on the edge of the culture dish with the strain to be tested, use a sterilized inoculation needle to rotate one circle from the edge of the plate, pierce from the side, gently pick up the plaque, and place it upside down in the middle of the PDA culture plate containing the drug culture medium, ensuring that the mycelium faces down. All inoculation steps are carried out on a clean bench. Place the inoculated culture dish in a 25°C constant temperature incubator for observation.

[0053] Inhibition rate (%) = [(colony growth diameter of control group - 0.8) - (colony growth diameter of treatment group - 0.8)] / (colony growth diameter of control group - 0.8) × 100%.

[0054] 2.4 Several common pathogens during the storage period of fruits and vegetables were used as test strains, and the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide prepared in the above embodiment was used to conduct an antibacterial test, and the inhibitory effect of the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide on the growth of the test pathogens was measured. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2, and Figure 1-Figure 4 As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, diluting the fungicide stock solution by 100-300 times has a good inhibitory effect on common pathogens during fruit and vegetable storage.

[0055] Table 1 Antibacterial effect of fungicides on gray mold, pineapple black spot, alternaria and banana wilt

[0056]

[0057] Table 2 Antibacterial effect of fungicides on tomato early blight, Mucor irregularis and Fusarium oxysporum

[0058]

[0059] The above is only the best specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A botanical fungicide from Eupatorium adenophorum, characterized in that: The raw materials and mass percentages of the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide are: Eupatorium adenophorum extract: 10-20%; 55% dibromophenol: 10-15%; Organic solvent: 40-50%; Emulsifier: 20-30%.

2. The Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentage of the Eupatorium adenophorum extract is 15.3%; The mass percentage of the 55% diborane alcohol is 13.9%; The mass percentage of the organic solvent is 44.9%; The mass percentage of the emulsifier is 25.9%.

3. The plant-derived fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The organic solvent is one or a mixture of more than one of acetone, ethyl acetate and anhydrous ethanol; The emulsifier is a Tween emulsifier.

4. A method for preparing a botanical fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum, for preparing the botanical fungicide of Eupatorium adenophorum as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, weighing various raw materials in the formula according to the mass percentage, dividing the weighed organic solvent into a first part and a second part according to a volume ratio of 1:1-5, adding the Eupatorium adenophorum extract to the organic solvent of the first part and stirring to dissolve, to obtain a first solution; Step 2, adding 55% of diphenylmethane to the first solution and stirring until uniform, to obtain an organic phase of the solution; Step three, adding an emulsifier to the organic phase of the solution, and adding the second part of the organic solvent, stirring until uniform, to obtain the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide.

5. Use of a botanical fungicide derived from Eupatorium adenophorum in inhibiting fruit and vegetable pathogens, wherein the botanical fungicide derived from Eupatorium adenophorum is the botanical fungicide derived from Eupatorium adenophorum according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or is prepared by the preparation method according to claim 4.

6. The use of the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide according to claim 5 in inhibiting fruit and vegetable pathogens, characterized in that: The fruit and vegetable pathogens include gray mold, pineapple black spot fungus, alternaria, banana wilt fungus, tomato early blight fungus, irregular mold and Fusarium oxysporum.

7. The use of the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide according to claim 5 in inhibiting fruit and vegetable pathogens, characterized in that: During the application process, the Eupatorium adenophorum plant-derived fungicide is diluted 100-300 times with water and used for dipping fruits and roots before storage after harvesting and dipping roots of vegetables during seedling raising and transplanting.

8. The use of the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide according to claim 5 in inhibiting fruit and vegetable pathogens, characterized in that: The antibacterial rates of the Eupatorium adenophorum botanical fungicide diluted 100 times against Botrytis cinerea, pineapple black spot pathogen, banana wilt pathogen, Mucor irregularis and Fusarium oxysporum all reached more than 99%, and the antibacterial rates against Alternaria alternata all reached more than 80%.

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