Rapid starting method for large-diameter single-shield TBM (tunnel boring machine)

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-diameter single-shield TBM rapid starting method. The method comprises the following steps that (1) a main machine is installed, meanwhile, a cutterhead is assembled, and the front face and the back face are welded to complete butt joint of the whole cutterhead and the main machine; 2) refitting the No.1 trolley; (3) connecting the TBM trolley and the main machine in a staggered manner, and stepping simultaneously; (4) preassembling a side block of the reaction frame in a hole and mounting a top block in the hole along with the TBM; (5) stepping from the outside to the inside of the tunnel after the TBM is assembled; and (6) a variable-slope steel sleeper is installed in front of the starting hole, so that the trolley is gradually lifted, and smoothly enters the pipe piece area to walk. Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the method has the advantages of convenience in operation and high assembly speed, and can save a large amount of time, ensure the assembly precision and save the construction cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a TBM construction method, in particular to a large-diameter single-shield TBM rapid launching method. Background Art

[0002] At present, shield TBM is commonly used in tunnel excavation in rail transit projects and municipal engineering. By digging a vertical shaft, initial excavation and advancement are carried out at the bottom of the shaft, but it is rarely used in long and large water diversion tunnels. The main feature of long and large tunnels is that the main tunnel is buried in a deep stratum. Multiple traffic tunnels are excavated from the surface to reach the main tunnel, and then the main tunnel is constructed upstream and downstream. Multiple working faces are constructed simultaneously to complete the excavation of the main tunnel. With the continuous promotion of TBM application in water conservancy projects across the country, the starting conditions are becoming more and more stringent; using traditional methods for YBM starting not only has high starting costs and slow assembly speed, but also has low accuracy after the TBM is assembled. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for rapidly launching a large-diameter single-shield TBM with fast assembly speed and high precision and capable of rapidly launching the TBM.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved through such a technical solution, a large-diameter single-shield TBM rapid launch method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0005] 1) The cutter head is assembled while the main machine is installed, and the front and back sides are welded to complete the overall connection with the main machine;

[0006] 2) Modify the No. 1 trolley;

[0007] 3) The TBM trolley is connected to the main machine in a staggered manner and moves forward at the same time;

[0008] 4) Pre-install the reaction frame side blocks in the hole and install the top blocks as the TBM enters the hole;

[0009] 5) After the TBM is assembled, it moves from outside the cave to inside the cave;

[0010] 6) Install slope-variable steel sleepers in front of the starting tunnel to gradually raise the height of the trolley and allow it to smoothly enter the pipe segment area.

[0011] Among them, in the step 1), the center block and the four side blocks of the cutter disc are first assembled on the ground, supported by steel piers, and leveled by jacks and steel plates of different thicknesses; then, after the cutter disc is assembled into a whole, the torque of the connecting bolts is checked, and the front of the cutter disc is welded; finally, the cutter disc is turned over using a turning tool, and the back seam is welded and the whole is connected to the main machine.

[0012] Among them, in the step 2), the following steps are also included: 1) installing adapters on the six rubber wheel pairs of trolley No. 1 respectively to change the inclined mounting flange into a flat surface; 2) lifting the trolley after the overall assembly, and docking and installing the wheelset with the adapter installed with it; 3) after the TBM excavates to trolley No. 1 for pipe segmentation, removing the adapter and resuming the inclined surface installation.

[0013] Further description, in step 3), after the main machine is assembled at the opening, a matching trolley is placed behind its coaxial line; a towing tool is installed at the front end of trolley No. 1, so that the trolley is lower than the design posture, and the rails are laid on the ground for stepping.

[0014] Further description, in the step 4), the following steps are also included: 1) the reaction frame installation position is expanded and two reaction frame side blocks are pre-installed, and anchor rod hanging points are applied on the top of the expanded section; 2) the reaction frame top block is fixed on the assembly machine support beam outside the tunnel, and is installed using the top hanging point after entering the tunnel; 3) the reaction frame bottom block is transported to the tunnel by locomotive for installation after the TBM steps into place; 4) the installation sequence is the welding of the bottom block, two side blocks, top block and reaction frame to the lining end face support.

[0015] In the present invention, in step 5), the following steps are also included: 1) before the TBM moves forward, the surveyor reviews whether the traffic tunnel size and the equipment size interfere with each other and handles the problem in advance;

[0016] 2) The stepping adopts the slide stepping method. The stepping mechanism is mainly composed of a stepping pump station, a support frame, a horizontal thrust cylinder, a lifting cylinder, and a stepping bottom plate. The stepping bottom plate is an arc-shaped steel plate. The TBM cutterhead is placed on the slide. The two sets of thrust cylinders at the bottom are used as horizontal stepping thrust cylinders. The friction between the arc-shaped steel plate and the arc-shaped slideway is used as the reaction force to push the arc-shaped steel plate to drive the cutterhead assembly forward. The stepping slide stroke is one stepping stroke. When the cutterhead moves forward one stroke with the slide, the lifting cylinder is used to support the main machine, the rear support cylinder is extended, and the horizontal thrust cylinder is retracted to drive the rear assembly forward, so as to realize the stepping operation of the TBM.

[0017] 3) After the TBM enters the tunnel, it changes from walking on the flat ground to walking downhill with a long distance and a large slope; the concrete bottom plate of the traffic tunnel needs to be cast in an arc shape to gradually transition from the horizontal ground to the downhill.

[0018] Among them, in the step 6), the following steps are also included: 1) designing and processing variable slope steel sleepers according to the height difference between the rail height of the pipe segment area and the rail height of the stepping hole; 2) starting to lay the steel sleeper slope starting point when the connecting bridge reaches the steel sleeper during the TBM stepping process, so that the stepping rail is gradually lifted from the ground and smoothly docked with the pipe segment rail; 3) laying steel plates in the middle of the steel sleepers; 4) adjusting the installation position of the towing cylinder in time with the change of height of the No. 1 trolley until the trolley reaches the designed height, then remove the towing tooling and restore the designed towing cylinder connecting bracket.

[0019] In the present invention, the turning tool includes a lifting beam, and lifting shafts are respectively provided at both ends of the lifting beam, and a lifting steel cable is sleeved on the lifting shaft; connecting plates are respectively provided at the lower parts of the two ends of the lifting beam, and a hanging plate is provided inside the connecting plate, the upper end of the hanging plate is connected to the connecting plate through a pin shaft, and the lower end of the hanging plate is provided with a connecting pin.

[0020] In the present invention, the pulling tool comprises a pulling cylinder mounting seat, a pulling cylinder is arranged on one side of the pulling cylinder mounting seat, and a main engine connecting piece is arranged at one end of the pulling cylinder.

[0021] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The use of turning tooling can make the assembly and welding of the cutter disc be carried out simultaneously with the assembly of the main engine. Compared with the traditional method of assembling the cutter disc in blocks on the main engine after assembling the main engine, and then welding the welds, it saves a lot of time and improves the assembly speed. At the same time, assembling the cutter disc on the level ground ensures the dimensional accuracy of the block docking and the quality of the weld.

[0023] 2. The trolley moves below the normal installation height during the assembly stepping stage, and only a short distance of gradient steel sleepers are laid in front of the starting tunnel, which can eliminate the need for installing a large number of steel sleepers from outside the tunnel to inside the tunnel. The inclined wheels of the trolley moving on the pipe segments are changed to vertical ones moving on the ground, which can eliminate the need for installing a separate pair of upright steel wheels, saving engineering costs.

[0024] 3. Expanding the reaction frame installation hole section and pre-installing some reaction frame structural parts, as well as installing the reaction frame top block on the assembly machine support beam, can solve the difficulty of transporting large reaction frame structural parts to the main machine area after the TBM enters the hole.

[0025] 4. The present invention has high feasibility, convenient operation and short overall construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turning tool of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the trolley of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Middle AA section view;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Middle BB section view;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hauling tool of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the reaction frame in the hole;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of TBM stepping;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of variable slope steel sleepers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any improvement or substitution based on the basic spirit of the present embodiment still falls within the scope of protection claimed by the claims of the present invention. A large-diameter single-shield TBM rapid launch method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0036] 1) The cutter head is assembled while the main machine is installed, and the front and back sides are welded to complete the overall connection with the main machine;

[0037] 2) Modify the No. 1 trolley;

[0038] 3) The TBM trolley is connected to the main machine in a staggered manner and moves forward at the same time;

[0039] 4) Pre-install the reaction frame side blocks in the hole and install the top blocks as the TBM enters the hole;

[0040] 5) After the TBM is assembled, it moves from outside the cave to inside the cave;

[0041] 6) Install a variable slope steel sleeper 1 in front of the starting tunnel to gradually raise the height of the trolley and allow it to smoothly enter the pipe segment area.

[0042] Among them, in the step 1), the center block and the four side blocks of the cutter disc are first assembled on the ground, supported by steel piers, and leveled by jacks and steel plates of different thicknesses; then, after the cutter disc is assembled into a whole, the torque of the connecting bolts is checked, and the front of the cutter disc is welded; finally, the cutter disc is turned over using a turning tool, and the back seam is welded and the whole is connected to the main machine.

[0043] Further description, in the step 2), the following steps are also included: 1) installing adapters on the six rubber wheel pairs 3 of trolley No. 1 2 respectively, so that the inclined mounting flange is changed to a flat surface; 2) the trolley 2 is hoisted after being assembled as a whole, and the wheelset with the adapter installed is docked and installed with it; 3) after the TBM excavates the pipe segment to trolley No. 1 2, the adapter is removed and the inclined installation is restored.

[0044] Among them, in the step 3), after the main machine is assembled at the opening, a matching trolley is placed behind its coaxial line; a towing tool 3 is installed at the front end of trolley No. 1, so that the trolley is lower than the design posture, and the rails are laid on the ground for stepping.

[0045] Further description, in the step 4), the following steps are also included: 1) the reaction frame 4 installation position is expanded and two reaction frame side blocks are pre-installed, and the anchor rod 5 hanging point is applied on the top of the expanded section; 2) the reaction frame 4 top block is fixed on the assembly machine support beam outside the hole, and is installed using the top hanging point after entering the hole; 3) the reaction frame bottom block is transported to the hole by locomotive for installation after the TBM steps into place; 4) the installation sequence is the bottom block, two side blocks, top block and reaction frame and the lining end face support welding.

[0046] In the present invention, in step 5), the following steps are also included: 1) before the TBM moves forward, the surveyor reviews whether the traffic tunnel size and the equipment size interfere with each other and handles the problem in advance;

[0047] 2) The stepping adopts the slide stepping method. The stepping mechanism is mainly composed of a stepping pump station, a support frame, a horizontal thrust cylinder, a lifting cylinder, and a stepping bottom plate. The stepping bottom plate is an arc-shaped steel plate. The TBM cutterhead is placed on the slide. The two sets of thrust cylinders at the bottom are used as horizontal stepping thrust cylinders. The friction between the arc-shaped steel plate and the arc-shaped slideway is used as the reaction force to push the arc-shaped steel plate to drive the cutterhead assembly forward. The stepping slide stroke is one stepping stroke. When the cutterhead moves forward one stroke with the slide, the lifting cylinder is used to support the main machine, the rear support cylinder is extended, and the horizontal thrust cylinder is retracted to drive the rear assembly forward, so as to realize the stepping operation of the TBM.

[0048] 3) After the TBM enters the tunnel, it changes from walking on the flat ground to walking downhill with a long distance and a large slope; the concrete bottom plate of the traffic tunnel needs to be cast in an arc shape to gradually transition from the horizontal ground to the downhill.

[0049] Among them, in the step 6), the following steps are also included: 1) designing and processing variable slope steel sleepers according to the height difference between the rail height of the pipe segment area and the rail height of the stepping hole; 2) starting to lay the steel sleeper slope starting point when the connecting bridge reaches the steel sleeper during the TBM step 6 process, so that the stepping rail is gradually lifted from the ground and smoothly docked with the pipe segment rail; 3) laying steel plates in the middle of the steel sleepers; 4) adjusting the installation position of the towing cylinder in time with the change of height of the No. 1 trolley until the trolley reaches the designed height, then remove the towing tooling and restore the designed towing cylinder connecting bracket.

[0050] In the present invention, if Figure 1As shown, the turning tool comprises a lifting beam 7, at both ends of which are respectively provided with lifting shafts 8, on which a lifting steel cable 9 is sleeved; at the lower parts of both ends of the lifting beam 7, connecting plates 10 are respectively provided, inside which a hanging plate 11 is provided, the upper end of the hanging plate 11 is connected to the connecting plate 10 through a pin shaft, and the lower end of the hanging plate 11 is provided with a connecting pin 12. In the present invention, a crane is required for lifting the turning tool; the lifting steel cable 9 can be used by sleeved on the hook of the crane. The parts to be lifted can be lifted by connecting the hanging plate 11 through the connecting pin 12.

[0051] In the present invention, if Figure 5 As shown, the traction tooling includes a traction cylinder mounting seat 13, a traction cylinder 14 is arranged on one side of the traction cylinder mounting seat 13, and a main engine connecting member 15 is arranged at one end of the traction cylinder 14. The traction cylinder mounting seat 13 can be connected to the trolley 2.

Claims

1. A method for rapid launching of a large diameter single shield TBM, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: 1) The cutter head is assembled while the main machine is installed, and the front and back sides are welded to complete the overall connection with the main machine; 2) Modify the No. 1 trolley; 3) The TBM trolley is connected to the main machine in a staggered manner and moves forward at the same time; 4) Pre-install the reaction frame side blocks in the hole and install the top blocks as the TBM enters the hole; 5) After the TBM is assembled, it moves from outside the cave to inside the cave; 6) Install slope-variable steel sleepers in front of the starting tunnel to gradually raise the height of the trolley and allow it to smoothly enter the pipe segment area.

2. The large diameter single shield TBM rapid launch method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step 1), the center block and four side blocks of the cutter disc are first assembled on the ground, supported by steel piers, and leveled by jacks and steel plates of different thicknesses; then, the cutter disc is assembled into a whole, the torque of the connecting bolts is checked, and the front of the cutter disc is welded; finally, the cutter disc is turned over using a turning tool, and the back seam is welded and the whole is connected to the main machine.

3. The large diameter single shield TBM rapid launching method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The step 2) also includes the following steps: 1) installing adapters on the six rubber wheel pairs of trolley No. 1 respectively to change the inclined mounting flanges into flat surfaces; 2) lifting the trolley after the overall assembly, and docking and installing the wheelset with the adapters installed thereon; 3) removing the adapters and resuming the inclined surface installation after the TBM has advanced to trolley No. 1 to carry out pipe segment excavation.

4. The large diameter single shield TBM rapid launch method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: In the step 3), after the mainframe is assembled at the hole, a matching trolley is placed behind the coaxial line; Install a towing tool at the front end of trolley No. 1 to make the trolley lower than the designed posture, and lay rails on the ground to step forward.

5. The large diameter single shield TBM rapid launching method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that The step 4) also includes the following steps: 1) pre-installing two side blocks of the reaction frame at the reaction frame installation position by expanding the excavation, and constructing anchor rod hanging points at the top of the expanded excavation section; 2) fixing the top block of the reaction frame on the assembling machine support beam outside the tunnel, and installing it using the top hanging points after entering the tunnel; 3) transporting the bottom block of the reaction frame to the tunnel for installation by locomotive after the TBM steps into place; 4) the installation sequence is welding the bottom block, two side blocks, top block and reaction frame to the lining end face support.

6. The large diameter single shield TBM rapid launch method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 5), the following steps are also included: 1) before the TBM moves forward, the surveyor reviews whether the size of the traffic tunnel and the size of the equipment interfere with each other and handles the problem in advance; 2) The stepping adopts the slide stepping method. The stepping mechanism is mainly composed of a stepping pump station, a support frame, a horizontal thrust cylinder, a lifting cylinder, and a stepping bottom plate. The stepping bottom plate is an arc-shaped steel plate. The TBM cutterhead is placed on the slide. The two sets of thrust cylinders at the bottom are used as horizontal stepping thrust cylinders. The friction between the arc-shaped steel plate and the arc-shaped slideway is used as the reaction force to push the arc-shaped steel plate to drive the cutterhead assembly forward. The stepping slide stroke is one stepping stroke. When the cutterhead moves forward one stroke with the slide, the lifting cylinder is used to support the main machine, the rear support cylinder is extended, and the horizontal thrust cylinder is retracted to drive the rear assembly forward, so as to realize the stepping operation of the TBM. 3) After the TBM enters the tunnel, it changes from walking on the flat ground to walking downhill with a long distance and a large slope; the concrete bottom plate of the traffic tunnel needs to be cast in an arc shape and gradually transition from the horizontal ground to the downhill.

7. The large diameter single shield TBM rapid launching method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that The step 6) also includes the following steps: 1) designing and processing variable slope steel sleepers according to the height difference between the rail height of the pipe segment area and the rail height of the stepping hole; 2) starting to lay the steel sleeper slope starting point when the connecting bridge reaches the steel sleeper during the TBM stepping process, so that the stepping rail is gradually lifted from the ground and smoothly docked with the pipe segment rail; 3) laying steel plates in the middle of the steel sleepers; 4) adjusting the installation position of the towing cylinder in time with the change of height of the No. 1 trolley until the trolley reaches the designed height, then remove the towing tooling and restore the designed towing cylinder connecting bracket.

8. The large-diameter single-shield TBM rapid launching method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The turning tool includes a lifting beam, and lifting shafts are respectively provided at both ends of the lifting beam, and a lifting steel cable is sleeved on the lifting shaft; connecting plates are respectively provided at the lower parts of the two ends of the lifting beam, and a hanging plate is provided inside the connecting plate, the upper end of the hanging plate is connected to the connecting plate through a pin shaft, and the lower end of the hanging plate is provided with a connecting pin.

9. The large direct single shield TBM rapid launching method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The towing tool comprises a towing cylinder mounting seat, a towing cylinder is arranged on one side of the towing cylinder mounting seat, and a main engine connecting piece is arranged at one end of the towing cylinder.

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