Exhaust device for tunnel construction

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ventilation and exhaust, and particularly relates to an exhaust device for tunnel construction, which can accurately collect and exhaust vitiated air through a special exhaust pipe, reduce the pollution of the vitiated air to the environment in a tunnel and guarantee the health of constructors. The dust removal cylinder connected to the outer end of the exhaust pipe can intercept dust, protect the surrounding ecological environment and ensure that the inlet air of the preheating fan is clean; the preheating fan, the heater and the main ventilator arranged in front of the ventilation pipe can heat conveyed gas, so that adverse effects of low temperature on constructors and equipment are avoided, and construction stability is guaranteed; the air suction pipe and the drainage pipe enlarge the dirt gas absorption area and limit dust drifting; moving wheels are arranged below the moving frame and the auxiliary frame, the positions can be adjusted along with advancing of the working face, fresh air can be conveyed to a new construction area in time, vitiated air is efficiently collected and exhausted, and the tunnel construction ventilation effect is comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ventilation and exhaust, and in particular relates to an exhaust device for tunnel construction. Background Art During the tunnel construction process, a large amount of dust, harmful gases (such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, etc.) and smoke after blasting will be generated. The exhaust device plays a vital role. It can timely and effectively discharge these polluted air out of the tunnel, while introducing fresh air to improve the air quality in the tunnel, create a safe and healthy working environment for construction personnel, and help ensure construction visibility, which has a positive impact on construction progress and construction safety.

[0002] Especially in the construction of heat-damaged tunnels, ventilation and exhaust devices are one of the main technical measures to improve the climate conditions in heat-damaged tunnels; its main contents include two aspects: one is to adjust the wind temperature at the air-using points in high-temperature tunnels, which can be mainly adjusted by accelerating the ventilation circulation speed in the tunnel; the other is to preheat the air entering the cave in cold areas in winter so that the temperature of the wind flow entering the tunnel meets the requirements. For this kind of tunnel, it is necessary to set a heating device in the tunnel's ventilation device.

[0003] The most commonly used ventilation and exhaust system in tunnel construction in cold winter regions is the air supply ventilation structure. The air inlet of the air supply ventilation is set outside the tunnel. Fresh air is sent to the excavation face from outside the tunnel through the pipeline, and the dirty air is discharged from the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel. Although this ventilation method is widely used, there are still certain shortcomings in its use: the way the dirty air is discharged outside the tunnel through the tunnel will affect the air environment of the entire tunnel. Not only is the air quality of the face (excavation face) difficult to guarantee, but the dirty air will also spread to other areas in the tunnel during the discharge process, resulting in the concentration of harmful gases and dust content in the entire tunnel being at a high level for a long time. Even if the construction workers are far away from the face, they still face the health risks of inhaling harmful gases and being exposed to excessive dust, which will damage their respiratory system, etc., affecting construction efficiency and safety. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an exhaust device for tunnel construction, and the technical solution adopted is as follows: An exhaust device for tunnel construction comprises a mounting frame, a preheating fan is mounted above the mounting frame, a heater is arranged on one side of the preheating fan, a main fan is arranged on one side of the heater, and a ventilation pipe is connected to one side of the main fan; a mobile frame is arranged near the tunnel face, a connecting tube for connecting the ventilation pipe is arranged at the upper end of the mobile frame, the connecting tube is connected to the mobile frame through a connecting tube bracket, and an air supply pipe is arranged at the other end of the connecting tube; an exhaust pipe is arranged below the ventilation pipe, the exhaust pipe is fixed in the mobile frame through an exhaust bracket, a conical cylinder is arranged at the inlet of the exhaust pipe, and a jet fan facing the conical cylinder is arranged on one side above the mobile frame; the outlet end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the dust removal cylinder in the mounting frame through a bent pipe; An auxiliary frame is provided in the tunnel and on one side of the mobile frame, an arc-shaped frame which can be connected to the mobile frame is provided above the auxiliary frame, an air suction pipe is installed on the lower side of the arc-shaped frame through a clamping ring, and a plurality of air inlet holes are provided in the air suction pipe on the side facing the working surface; one end of the air suction pipe is connected to the adding interface in the casing, a drainage pipe is provided on one side of the adding interface, the casing is arranged in the exhaust pipe, and an inner pipe is provided in the casing.

[0005] Furthermore, a gap is provided between the inner tube and the sleeve, and the interface and the drainage tube are both connected to the gap.

[0006] Furthermore, the main fan can be selectively turned on according to the construction progress. When the preheating fan can meet the air delivery demand, the main fan can be turned off; when the air delivery demand cannot be met by the preheating fan alone, the main fan is turned on to enhance air flow and improve ventilation efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, the bent pipe is supported and fixed by the bent pipe bracket, the dust collector is supported by the lower legs, a filter is provided at the outlet end of the dust collector, a cloth bag is connected to the lower opening of the dust collector, and a vibration motor is provided on the dust collector to regularly vibrate and clean the accumulated dust on the filter to ensure that the filter is unobstructed and the filtered gas can be discharged stably.

[0008] Furthermore, movable wheels are provided under the movable frame and the auxiliary frame, so that some equipment of the ventilation system can be flexibly moved according to the construction progress, so as to better meet the ventilation needs of different construction stages.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention collects and discharges polluted air through specially arranged exhaust pipes, which changes the situation in which polluted air diffuses randomly in the tunnel in the traditional ventilation method. It can accurately collect dust, harmful gases, etc. generated by construction from the source and transport them out of the tunnel, thereby minimizing the pollution of the overall environment in the tunnel by polluted air, ensuring the air quality of each construction area, and creating a healthy working environment for construction personnel.

[0010] Furthermore, a dust removal cylinder is connected to the outer end of the exhaust duct, and dust and other particulate matter can be intercepted by using filter nets and cloth bags to prevent these dusts from being directly discharged into the outside, thereby protecting the ecological environment and air quality around the tunnel, and at the same time ensuring the cleanliness of the gas entering the preheating fan.

[0011] Furthermore, the present invention arranges a preheating fan, a heater and a main fan in front of the ventilation duct, which can heat the gas and then transport it to the working surface. This measure avoids frostbite, stiff hands and feet, etc. caused by low-temperature air to construction workers, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of construction operations; it also prevents problems such as increased viscosity of the lubricating oil of construction equipment and poor operation of the hydraulic system due to low temperature, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the equipment, reducing the probability of failure, and maintaining the stable progress of construction.

[0012] The present invention can increase the absorption area of ​​dirty gas by arranging the suction pipe and the drainage pipe. At the same time, the drainage pipe can accelerate the flow of gas outside the tunnel toward the inside of the tunnel, and prevent the dust generated on the working surface from being discharged through the tunnel through air convection. Since the suction pipe and the drainage pipe are arranged in the area close to the working surface in the tunnel, the dispersion range of construction dust can be limited.

[0013] The movable frame and the auxiliary frame in the present invention are both provided with movable wheels at the bottom. As the working surface continues to extend forward, the movable frame and the auxiliary frame can be pushed to move along, and the position of the ventilation equipment can be accurately adjusted to ensure that fresh air can be continuously delivered to the latest construction area, while also being able to efficiently collect and discharge the polluted air generated in the area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the arc-shaped bracket of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air suction pipe of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure in the installation frame of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust removal cylinder of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sleeve of the present invention; Figure 7 The present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure in the middle.

[0015] In the figure: 1-mounting frame, 11-fan bracket, 12-elbow bracket, 2-preheating fan, 3-heater, 4-main fan, 5-ventilation pipe, 51-connecting tube, 52-air supply pipe, 6-mobile frame, 61-connecting tube bracket, 62-jet fan, 63-exhaust bracket, 7-exhaust pipe, 71-conical tube, 72-sleeve, 73-inner tube, 74-adding interface, 75-drainage pipe, 8-auxiliary frame, 81-arc bracket, 82-suction pipe, 9-dust removal tube, 91-elbow, 92-filter, 93-bag, 94-vibration motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only embodiments of a part of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] As attached Figure 1-7 shown.

[0018] A ventilation device for tunnel construction comprises a mounting frame 1, which is mounted at a suitable position outside a tunnel entrance, a preheating fan 2 is mounted above the mounting frame 1, a heater 3 is arranged on one side of the preheating fan 2, a main fan 4 is arranged on one side of the heater 3, and a ventilation pipe 5 is connected to one side of the main fan 4. Through the preheating fan 2, the heater 3 and the main fan 4, outside air is first sucked in through the preheating fan 2, and the air temperature can be increased after being heated by the preheating fan 2 and the heater 3. The heated air is pressurized by the main fan 4 and transported to the tunnel through the ventilation pipe 5, which can prevent low-temperature air from causing adverse effects on the construction environment in the tunnel.

[0019] The above-mentioned main fan 4 can be selectively turned on according to the construction progress. Specifically, when the preheating fan 2 can meet the air delivery demand, the main fan 4 can be turned off to save energy; when the air delivery demand cannot be met by relying solely on the preheating fan 2, the main fan 4 is turned on to enhance air flow and improve ventilation efficiency.

[0020] A mobile frame 6 is provided near the working surface of the tunnel face. A connecting tube 51 for connecting the ventilation pipe 5 is provided at the upper end of the mobile frame 6. The connecting tube 51 is connected to the mobile frame 6 through a connecting tube bracket 61. An air supply pipe 52 is provided at the other end of the connecting tube 51. The heated air can be directly transported to the working surface through the air supply pipe 52 to provide fresh air for the construction area.

[0021] The connecting tube 51 is used to connect different parts of the pipeline. During maintenance and overhaul, if a local ventilation pipe needs to be replaced, it can be easily disassembled and replaced here, thereby reducing the installation and maintenance costs of the construction ventilation system and improving construction efficiency.

[0022] Further, an exhaust pipe 7 is provided below the ventilation pipe 5. Specifically, as shown in the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 7, the exhaust duct 7 is fixed in the mobile frame 6 by an exhaust bracket 63, and a conical cylinder 71 is provided at the entrance of the exhaust duct 7, and a jet fan 62 is provided on the upper side of the mobile frame 6. The air outlet of the jet fan 62 faces the conical cylinder 71, and the large end of the conical cylinder 71 also faces the jet fan 62. The larger opening area can expand the collection range of dirty air. Under the action of the jet fan 62, according to the principle of fluid mechanics, it can quickly absorb dust and harmful gases generated by construction, thereby improving the capture efficiency of the ventilation system for dirty air.

[0023] The outlet end of the exhaust pipe 7 is connected to the dust collecting cylinder 9 through an elbow 91, and the elbow 91 and the dust collecting cylinder 9 are arranged in the mounting frame 1, wherein the elbow 91 is supported and fixed by an elbow bracket 12, and a support leg is also provided under the dust collecting cylinder 9; the functions of the above-mentioned elbow 91 are: 1. guiding the airflow in the exhaust pipe 7 to change its direction, so that it is away from the air inlet of the preheating fan 2, so as to avoid affecting the cleanliness of the gas entering the tunnel; 2. alleviating the impact of the airflow on the dust collecting cylinder 9, and a filter screen 92 is provided at the outlet end of the dust collecting cylinder 9. After filtering by the filter screen 92, dust can be prevented from being discharged to the outside, thereby ensuring the surrounding environment. The dust blocked by the filter screen 92 will enter the cloth bag 93 through the opening at the lower end of the dust collecting cylinder 9 for storage. When there is a lot of dust accumulated in the cloth bag 93, the tail end of the cloth bag 93 can be opened to clean the accumulated dust.

[0024] Furthermore, a vibration motor 94 is provided on the dust removal cylinder 9 to periodically vibrate and clean the dust accumulated on the filter screen 92 .

[0025] An auxiliary frame 8 is provided in the tunnel and on one side of the mobile frame 6. An arc-shaped bracket 81 which can be connected to the mobile frame 6 is provided above the auxiliary frame 8. Figure 1 , 2 As shown in FIG. 3 , an air suction pipe 82 is installed on the lower side of the arc-shaped bracket 81 through a clamping ring.

[0026] The suction pipe 82 is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes on one side facing the working surface. One end of the suction pipe 82 is connected to the adding interface 74 in the sleeve 72. The sleeve 72 is arranged in the exhaust pipe 7. Figure 6 As shown, an inner tube 73 is provided in the sleeve 72, a gap is provided between the inner tube 73 and the sleeve 72, the addition interface 74 and the drainage tube 75 are both connected to the gap, and an opening is provided at one end of the gap.

[0027] Specifically in combination with the working principle of the present device, the exhaust working process is as follows: when the jet fan 62 is started, the dust and harmful gases generated by the construction will enter the exhaust pipe 7 from the conical tube 71. Since the exhaust pipe 7 is only located on one side of the tunnel, the setting of the exhaust pipe 7 alone is insufficient to absorb the construction dust and harmful gases. Therefore, the arc-shaped suction pipe 82 can increase the absorption area of ​​the dirty gas. The kinetic energy of the gas absorbed by the suction pipe 82 comes from the negative pressure generated in the gap between the inner tube 73 and the sleeve 72. The negative pressure comes from the gas flow inside the exhaust pipe 7. Figure 6 As shown, the gas passes through the sleeve 72 from the inner tube 73, so according to fluid mechanics, a negative pressure is generated in the gap.

[0028] The negative pressure acts not only on the suction pipe 82, but also on the drainage pipe 75. The outer end opening of the drainage pipe 75 is toward the tunnel entrance. The drainage pipe 75 can accelerate the flow of gas outside the tunnel toward the inside of the tunnel, and prevent the dust generated on the working surface from being discharged through the tunnel through air convection. Since the suction pipe 82 and the drainage pipe 75 are arranged in the area close to the working surface in the tunnel, the dispersion range of construction dust can be limited.

[0029] Furthermore, the provision of the mobile frame 6 and the auxiliary frame 8 enables some equipment of the ventilation system to be flexibly moved according to the construction progress to meet the needs of different construction stages.

[0030] Utilizing the technical solution of the present invention, or those skilled in the art designing similar technical solutions inspired by the technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An exhaust device for tunnel construction, comprising a mounting frame (1), characterized in that: A preheating fan (2) is installed above the mounting frame (1), a heater (3) is provided on one side of the preheating fan (2), a main fan (4) is provided on one side of the heater (3), and a ventilation pipe (5) is connected to one side of the main fan (4); a moving frame (6) is provided at a position close to the tunnel face, a connecting tube (51) for connecting to the ventilation pipe (5) is provided at the upper end of the moving frame (6), and the connecting tube (51) is connected to the moving frame (6) via a connecting tube bracket (61). An air delivery pipe (52) is provided at the other end of the connecting tube (51); an exhaust pipe (7) is provided below the ventilation pipe (5); the exhaust pipe (7) is fixed in the movable frame (6) via an exhaust bracket (63); a conical cylinder (71) is provided at the inlet of the exhaust pipe (7); and a jet fan (62) facing the conical cylinder (71) is provided on one side above the movable frame (6); the outlet end of the exhaust pipe (7) is connected to the dust removal cylinder (9) in the mounting frame (1) via a curved pipe (91); An auxiliary frame (8) is provided in the tunnel and located on one side of the movable frame (6); an arc-shaped frame (81) capable of being connected to the movable frame (6) is provided above the auxiliary frame (8); an air suction pipe (82) is installed on the lower side of the arc-shaped frame (81) via a clamping ring; a plurality of air inlet holes are provided in the air suction pipe (82) on the side facing the working surface; one end of the air suction pipe (82) is connected to an additional interface (74) in the sleeve (72); a drainage pipe (75) is provided on one side of the additional interface (74); the sleeve (72) is arranged in the exhaust pipe (7); and an inner pipe (73) is provided in the sleeve (72).

2. The ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is provided between the inner tube (73) and the sleeve (72), and the interface (74) and the drainage tube (75) are both connected to the gap.

3. The ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main ventilation fan (4) can be selectively turned on according to the construction progress; when the preheating fan (2) can meet the air delivery demand, the main ventilation fan (4) can be turned off; when the preheating fan (2) alone cannot meet the air delivery demand, the main ventilation fan (4) is turned on.

4. The ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curved pipe (91) is supported and fixed by a curved pipe bracket (12), and the dust removal cylinder (9) is supported by a lower support leg. A filter screen (92) is provided at the outlet end of the dust removal cylinder (9), and a cloth bag (93) is connected to the lower opening of the dust removal cylinder (9).

5. The ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dust removal cylinder (9) is provided with a vibration motor (94) for regularly vibrating and cleaning the dust accumulated on the filter screen (92).

6. The ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Moving wheels are provided below the moving frame (6) and the auxiliary frame (8), so that some equipment of the ventilation system can be flexibly moved according to the construction progress.

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