Land utilization current situation map data generation method based on large-scale topographic map

Abstract

The invention discloses a land utilization status map data generation method based on a large-scale topographic map. The method comprises the following steps: collecting and establishing basic databases of the large-scale topographic map, a high-resolution image map and the like; the method comprises the following steps: constructing a generation path of a land block basic unit of a land utilization current situation map, deconstructing elements, structures, information and other contents of a large-scale topographic map, carrying out natural and artificial feature analysis on the current situation of the earth surface, and determining the utilization direction of geographic information elements in data generation of the land utilization current situation map; a basic element base map is constructed through element extraction and data integration, boundary demarcation and land type determination of the land parcels are performed by combining the current situation characteristics of land parcels and ground features, and the overall expression of the current situation land is optimized. The method for generating the data of the current situation map of land utilization breaks through a path for converting the topographic map into the data of the current situation map of land utilization, has the advantages of fine land classification, accurate land space, detailed space expression and the like, and can provide multi-level technical support for land space planning and natural resource management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of land resource status survey, and in particular to a method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map. Background Art

[0002] Truly and accurately reflecting the current status of land space is an important basic work for land space planning and natural resource management. Since 1984, the country has carried out three national land use status surveys, reflecting the quantity, distribution, utilization and ownership of land resources in the corresponding period.

[0003] In recent years, the development and popularization of "3S" technology in my country have laid the technical conditions for current land use surveys. Technologies such as the Internet and big data analysis have promoted the "cloud-based" work platform, and the advancement and development of surveying and mapping work has also created a better data foundation for the generation of current land use data.

[0004] With the establishment and improvement of the national land space planning system and the "two unified" responsibilities of natural resources, traditional land use status data still have problems such as land use classification has not yet been converted and refined, insufficient spatial accuracy of map boundaries, and insufficient depth of urban space surveys. The limitations of supporting planning and refined management of natural resources are gradually becoming apparent, and there is an urgent need to obtain more accurate and detailed land use status maps through digital means. Summary of the invention

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map, so as to optimize or improve the limitations existing in the prior art and provide a more accurate and detailed land use status map.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Based on the demand for land use status map data generation, determine the survey area, collect basic data on land use status in the survey area, including high-resolution image maps and large-scale topographic maps; and pre-process the collected basic data to build a basic database;

[0008] Step S2, constructing the generation path of the basic unit of the land use status map, deconstructing the elements, structure, and information content of the large-scale topographic map, analyzing the natural and artificial characteristics of the surface cover, and determining the use direction of geographic information elements in the generation of land use status map data;

[0009] Step S3, extracting the isolation functional elements of the large-scale topographic map of the survey area by means of a digital element extraction method, overlaying them in layers on the high-resolution image map, and establishing a data generation basic element base map that reaches the accuracy of a large-scale topographic map;

[0010] Step S4: Based on the spatial morphological characteristics of the existing land features in the survey area, the land types and boundaries of the existing land use are identified on the basic element base map, and the overall expression of the existing land use is unified. Field investigations should be carried out for doubtful plots to realize the generation of land use status map data and the current land use investigation.

[0011] Preferably, step S1 comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step S11, collect high-resolution images of the survey area, conduct spatial analysis, and obtain the spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of the current construction land, agricultural land and unused land through the surface coverage conditions in the high-resolution images;

[0013] Step S12, collecting large-scale topographic maps of the survey area, performing spatial information verification, and obtaining a digital topographic map of the surface coverage of the survey area;

[0014] Step S13: pre-process the collected high-resolution imagery and large-scale topographic map data, unify the time points, coordinates and elevations of the data, and establish a basic database.

[0015] Preferably, step S2 comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step S21, establishing a spatial closed-loop relationship among the functional space of the plot, the material space and the physical elements of the land object, determining the material space range corresponding to the functional space of the current plot according to the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map and the current material space corresponding to the physical elements of the land object, and constructing a generation path for the basic unit of the plot of the current land use map;

[0017] Step S22, deconstructing the large-scale topographic map data, subdividing the types of geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map based on the layer data structure of topographic map points, lines, surfaces and annotations, determining the entity information and spatial connotation corresponding to each type of element, and using it for the identification of land parcels and boundary delineation of the current land use;

[0018] Step S23: Analyze the natural and artificial characteristics of the surface from the three aspects of surface morphology, surface cover and element annotation information of the large-scale topographic map, establish a judgment basis for converting the surface cover geographical information to the current land use type, and identify the land type of the plot generated by the land use status data;

[0019] Step S24: According to the correspondence between the current land use entity elements and the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map, the connection relationship between the current land use and the large-scale topographic map is established, and the isolation function elements of the large-scale topographic map are determined as the basis for delineating the boundaries of the plots in the generation of the current land use map data.

[0020] Preferably, in step S21, the generation path of the basic unit of the land use status map is opened up, specifically as follows:

[0021] Step S211, establish a spatial closed-loop relationship among the plot functional space, material space and physical elements of land features; the material space is the carrier of the physical elements of land features, and the physical elements of land features are the components that constitute the material space; the material space is characterized by the comprehensive spatiality, functionality and sociality of the material space as the plot functional space, and the plot functional space is affected by the flow of social and economic elements on the material space; the plot functional space has a shaping effect on the physical elements of land features, and the physical elements of land features stabilize the physical boundaries of the plot functional space;

[0022] Step S212: Based on the spatial closed-loop relationship of S211, the current land parcel is dominated by the use function of the material space, and the spatial scope of the land parcel is determined in combination with the isolation elements in the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map to generate the basic unit of the land parcel in the current land use map.

[0023] Preferably, in step S22, the large-scale topographic map data is deconstructed and divided from bottom to top into: a surface cover layer, a surface morphology layer, an element information layer, and an annotation layer. The data structure of each layer is constructed and the type of geographic information elements of each layer is subdivided. The geographic information elements are layered according to the classification, as follows:

[0024] Surface cover, element types include: water system, residential areas and facilities, transportation, pipelines, vegetation and soil;

[0025] The surface morphology layer has landforms as its element type, including contour lines, elevation points, water contour lines, natural landforms, and artificial landforms.

[0026] The element information layer, the element type is boundaries and administrative divisions, including: provincial administrative divisions, prefecture-level administrative divisions, county-level administrative divisions, and township-level administrative divisions;

[0027] Annotation layer, the feature type is feature annotation, including: water system annotation, residential area annotation, transportation annotation, pipeline annotation, landform annotation, vegetation annotation, boundary and political division annotation.

[0028] Preferably, in step S23, establishing a basis for determining the conversion from the land cover feature information to the land use status type includes the following sub-steps:

[0029] Step S231, according to the type of geographic information elements in the surface morphological layer, obtain the current land use geomorphic conditions in the survey area to assist in determining the current land use type;

[0030] Step S232: According to the type of geographical information elements of the surface cover layer, the actual status of natural vegetation and artificial structures used for development and utilization of the land in the survey area is obtained as a direct basis for determining the current land type;

[0031] Step S233, according to the geographic information element types of the element information layer and the annotation layer, obtain the social attribute information of the current land use objects to assist in determining the current land use type;

[0032] Step S234, comprehensively judge the geographic information elements of the surface morphology layer, surface cover layer and annotation layer information to identify the land type of the plot generated by the land use status data.

[0033] Preferably, in step S24, forming a basis for delineating land parcel boundaries in generating land use status map data includes the following sub-steps:

[0034] Step S241: According to the concept of land use type, establish the connection relationship between the land cover element type and related facilities of the large-scale topographic map and the current land use type;

[0035] Step S242, extracting the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer of the large-scale topographic map according to the type of geographic information elements of the surface cover layer and the identification basis of the land parcel obtained in step S234, and determining the boundary delineation basis of the current land parcel generated by the land use status map data;

[0036] The isolation functional elements of the surface cover layer include: walls, fences, barbed wire, land boundaries, road edges, sidewalk edges, elevated outer edges, building base outer edges, city walls, ground river shorelines, lake edges, pond edges, pond embankments, normal water level lines, slope top lines, slope foot lines, and field ridges.

[0037] Preferably, step S3 comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step S31: within the survey area for generating the land use status map data, screen the element types of the large-scale topographic map and digitally extract the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer;

[0039] Step S32, based on the accuracy of the large-scale topographic map, through the ArcGIS software geographic information system platform, according to the unified coordinate system and elevation benchmark, the isolated functional elements extracted in step S31 are layered and superimposed on the high-resolution image map to form the basic element base map for generating the land use status map data.

[0040] Preferably, step S4 comprises the following steps:

[0041] Step S41: on the basic element base map, delineate the boundaries of the current land parcels in the land use status map data generation work area, refine the spatial granularity, and obtain the boundary delineation results of the current land parcels;

[0042] Step S42: According to the concept of land use type, combined with the spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of the existing objects in the work area, the existing land use with the demarcated land parcel boundaries is identified, and the expression of the existing land use in the entire region and all elements is refined to obtain the land use classification result of the existing land parcel;

[0043] Step S43, summarize the land use status map data to generate data results in the working area, optimize the overall expression of the current land use, process the gaps between plots based on the land classification and boundary demarcation results obtained in steps S41 and S42, and establish a land use status map results database.

[0044] Preferably, in step S41, following the principle of starting with the easy and then the difficult, the boundary demarcation of the current land parcels is carried out in the land use status map data generation work area, including the following sub-steps:

[0045] Step S411, the boundary of the existing land parcel is determined by referring to the isolation function elements in the topographic map;

[0046] Step S412: When the existing land parcel has no isolation function elements, the parcel boundary is comprehensively determined based on the parcel feature information and surrounding adjacent conditions in combination with the high-resolution image map;

[0047] Step S413: When the large-scale topographic map is inconsistent with the high-resolution image map, the latest high-resolution image map is used to distinguish the ground features and delineate the boundaries of the current land parcels.

[0048] Preferably, step S42 includes the following sub-steps:

[0049] Step S421: Based on the concept of land use type, the land use status map is generated according to the secondary or tertiary land use classification;

[0050] Step S422: The current land use type is determined based on the current field use, and the current land use of the demarcated land parcel boundary is identified in combination with the spatial functional structure of the work area and the current characteristics of the land features;

[0051] Step S423: When the large-scale topographic map is inconsistent with the high-resolution image map, the ground features are distinguished by the latest high-resolution image map to determine the current land use type;

[0052] Step S424: When the current land use type cannot be determined based on the large-scale topographic map, a comprehensive judgment is made by referring to the high-resolution image map and Internet map information. If it still cannot be accurately determined, a supplementary field investigation should be carried out.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects:

[0054] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention explores a set of digital technical methods for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps. By strengthening the collaboration between internal and external industries, the spatial granularity of the land use status map is improved, and the implementation path and strategic methods for the detailed investigation of urban construction land are proposed. It solves the pain points and difficulties at the three levels of classification depth, spatial accuracy and expression scale for the implementation of related work of detailed investigation, and has high practicality and scientificity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of deconstruction of large-scale topographic map data of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 Generate a path diagram for the land use status map elements based on the basic unit of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a base map of basic elements for constructing the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the mapping steps for generating land use status map data of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a case of generating current land use data according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the application is further elaborated in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments involved in the present invention. All non-innovative embodiments of other researchers in the field on this embodiment belong to the protection scope of the present invention. At the same time, for the step numbering in the embodiment of the present invention, it is only set for the convenience of explanation, and the order between the steps is not limited in any way. The execution order of each step in the embodiment can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0062] Embodiment 1

[0063] A method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0064] Step 1: Basic data organization

[0065] First, generate the working scope based on the land use status map data, determine the survey area, and collect basic status data such as high-resolution image maps and large-scale topographic maps in the survey area.

[0066] Secondly, based on high-resolution imagery, spatial analysis is conducted to gain a preliminary understanding of the main existing land use types and the overall structure of spatial functions within the work scope.

[0067] Then, based on the large-scale topographic map, the digital expression of the surface cover within the working scope is mastered; then, the spatial information of the large-scale topographic map and high-resolution image map is verified to sort out the consistency of the surface cover.

[0068] Pre-process basic data such as high-resolution imagery and large-scale topographic maps, unify the time points, coordinates and elevations of the data, and establish a basic database in accordance with a unified data format and corresponding data structure.

[0069] Step 2: Data Integration

[0070] First, a spatial closed-loop relationship among the functional space, material space and physical elements of the land parcel is established. Based on the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map and the current material space corresponding to the physical elements of the land parcel, the material space range corresponding to the current functional space of the land parcel is determined, and the generation path of the basic unit of the land parcel in the current land use map is opened up.

[0071] Specifically, a spatial closed-loop relationship among the plot functional space, material space and physical elements of landforms is established; the material space is the carrier of physical elements of landforms, and physical elements of landforms are the components that constitute the material space; the comprehensive spatiality, functionality and sociality of material space are characterized as the plot functional space, and the plot functional space is affected by the flow of social and economic elements on the material space; the plot functional space has a shaping effect on the physical elements of landforms, and the physical elements of landforms can stabilize the physical boundaries of the plot functional space.

[0072] According to the spatial closed-loop relationship among the functional space, material space and physical elements of the land objects, the current land use map is generated with complete functions, clear location relationships and relatively independent and complete basic units of the land use status map, with the use function of the material space as the main factor and the isolation elements in the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map as the main factor to determine the spatial scope of the land use map.

[0073] Then, if Figure 2As shown, the point, line, surface and annotation layer data of the large-scale topographic map are deconstructed, the types of various elements of the large-scale topographic map are subdivided, and the entity information and spatial connotation of each type of element are clarified.

[0074] Specifically, the large-scale topographic map data is deconstructed and divided from bottom to top into: surface cover layer, surface morphology layer, element information layer, annotation layer, and the data structure of each layer is constructed and the element type of each layer is subdivided;

[0075] The elements of the surface cover layer are water system, residential areas and facilities, transportation, pipelines, vegetation and soil quality; among them, water system includes rivers, ditches, lakes and reservoirs; residential areas and facilities include residential areas, industrial and mining facilities, agriculture and facilities, public services and facilities, scenic spots and historical sites, and facilities; transportation includes railways, intercity highways, urban roads, multi-village roads, road structures and ancillary facilities, and water transport facilities; pipelines include: oil, gas, and water transmission pipelines; the vegetation and soil quality include agricultural and forestry land, urban green space, and soil quality;

[0076] The elements of the surface morphological layer are landforms, including: contour lines, elevation points, water area contour lines, natural landforms, and artificial landforms;

[0077] The elements of the element information layer are boundaries and administrative divisions, including: provincial administrative divisions, prefecture-level administrative divisions, county-level administrative divisions, and township-level administrative divisions;

[0078] The annotation layer elements are feature annotations, including: water system annotations, residential area annotations, transportation annotations, pipeline annotations, landform annotations, vegetation annotations, and boundary and political division annotations.

[0079] Based on the large-scale topographic map, the land parcels and boundaries of the current land use are identified and delineated; the land parcels are identified by comprehensively judging the geographic information elements of the annotation layer, surface morphology layer and surface cover layer; the boundaries are delineated based on the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer in the geographic information elements.

[0080] Furthermore, the natural and artificial characteristics of the land surface are analyzed from three levels: surface morphology, surface cover and element annotation information, and a judgment basis for the conversion from surface cover information to land use status type is established.

[0081] First, at the surface morphology level, the current land use type is determined based on the contour lines, elevation points, water contour lines, natural or artificial landforms and other elements of the large-scale topographic map, and the current landform conditions are used to assist in the determination of the current land use type.

[0082] Secondly, at the surface cover level, based on the vegetation and soil quality, residential areas and facilities, transportation, water systems and other element types and their related facilities on the large-scale topographic map, the actual status of natural vegetation and artificial structures developed and utilized on the map is used as the direct basis for determining the current land use type.

[0083] Then, at the element annotation information level, based on the various relevant element annotations of the large-scale topographic map, the current social attribute information of the landforms is used to assist in the determination of the current land use type.

[0084] Finally, the comprehensive surface morphology, surface cover and element annotation information are used as the basis for the identification of land parcels generated by land use status data.

[0085] Furthermore, we should deepen the integration and utilization of large-scale topographic map physical elements in the work of land use status map data generation, and form the basis for the demarcation of land parcel boundaries generated by land use status map data, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0086] First, based on the relevant land use concepts in the "Guidelines for the Classification of Land and Sea Use for National Land Space Survey, Planning, and Use Control", a classification relationship between the surface cover element types of large-scale topographic maps and related facilities and current land use types is established.

[0087] Secondly, according to the type of geographic information elements of the surface cover layer and the basis for the identification of land parcels, the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer of the large-scale topographic map are extracted, and the basis for demarcating the boundaries of the current land parcels generated by the land use status map data is determined.

[0088] Specifically, in this embodiment, isolation functional elements such as walls, fences, barbed wire, land boundaries, road edges, sidewalk edges, outer edges of building bases, ground river banks, lake edges, pond edges, ridges, pond ridges, constant water level lines, slope top lines, slope foot lines, etc. in the surface coverage elements are used as the basis for demarcating the boundaries of current land plots generated by land use status map data.

[0089] In this embodiment, the correspondence between the surface coverage elements of the topographic map and the land and sea use classification is as follows:

[0090] Extract the river shoreline, lake edge, pond edge, slope top line, slope foot line, pond ridge, constant water level line, etc. in the surface cover isolation function element from the water system in the surface cover layer element type, correspond them to the current land use boundaries of land water area and public utility land, and determine the current land use classification as land water area, public utility land, etc.;

[0091] Extract the residential areas and facilities in the surface cover layer element type, obtain the walls, fences, barbed wire, building base outer edges, city walls, etc. in the surface cover isolation function elements, and correspond them to the current land boundaries of residential land, public management and public service land, commercial service land, industrial and mining land, storage land, public facility land, special land, and agricultural facility construction land; determine the current land classification as residential land, public management and public service land, commercial service land, industrial and mining land, storage land, public facility land, special land, and agricultural facility construction land;

[0092] Extract the road edge, sidewalk edge, elevated outer edge, etc. in the surface cover isolation function element from the traffic in the surface cover layer element type, and correspond them to the current land boundaries of transportation land and agricultural facility construction land; determine the current land classification as transportation land, agricultural facility construction land, etc.;

[0093] Extract the pipelines in the surface cover layer element type, obtain the walls, fences, barbed wires, etc. in the surface cover isolation function elements, and correspond them to the current land boundaries of public utility land and transportation land; determine the current land classification as public utility land, transportation land, etc.;

[0094] The vegetation and soil quality in the surface cover layer element type are extracted to obtain the land class boundaries, field ridges, outer edges of building bases, etc. in the surface cover isolation functional elements, which are corresponded to the current land use boundaries of cultivated land, gardens, woodlands, grasslands, green spaces and open space lands, and the current land use classification is determined as cultivated land, gardens, woodlands, grasslands, green spaces and open space lands.

[0095] Step 3: Data Generation

[0096] Screen feature types for large-scale topographic maps within the data generation work range, such as Figure 4 As shown, large-scale digital extraction of isolation functional elements in residential areas and facilities, roads, water systems, pipelines, vegetation and soil types, including walls, fences, barbed wire, land boundaries, road edges, sidewalk edges, outer edges of building bases, ground river shorelines, lake edges, pond edges, ridges, pond ridges, normal water level lines, slope top lines, slope foot lines and other element entities.

[0097] The entity elements are layered and classified and superimposed on the high-resolution image to form a basic element base map with the accuracy of a large-scale topographic map, supporting the generation of land use status map data.

[0098] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, based on the road network and water system framework of the basic element base map, the land use status map data is generated to refine the spatial granularity and scientifically express all elements of the entire region.

[0099] First, based on the road network and water system framework area, and referring to the isolation boundaries in the topographic map, the boundaries of the existing land plots were delineated in accordance with the principle of starting with the easy and then moving on to the difficult.

[0100] If the existing land parcel has no reference to isolation elements such as walls, the boundaries of the parcel can be determined based on the land feature information and surrounding conditions, combined with high-resolution images. If the large-scale topographic map is obviously inconsistent with the latest image, the boundaries of the existing parcel should be delineated according to the features that can be distinguished on the image.

[0101] Then, based on the land classification concept of the "Guidelines for the Classification of Land and Sea Use for National Land Space Survey, Planning and Use Control", combined with the overall spatial functional structure of the work area and the current characteristics of the land features, the current land use within the delineated boundaries is simultaneously identified according to the secondary or tertiary land classification categories.

[0102] The interpretation of the current land use type shall be based on the current on-site use. If there is an obvious inconsistency between the large-scale topographic map and the latest image, the current land use type shall be determined according to the distinguishable features on the image. If there are difficulties in determining the current land use type of a plot of land, a comprehensive reference to high-resolution images and Internet map information may be used to make a judgment. If it still cannot be accurately determined, a supplementary field investigation shall be carried out.

[0103] Step 4: Summary of results

[0104] Summarize the land use status map data to generate data results within the working area, optimize the overall expression of current land use, and establish a land use status map results database.

[0105] Optimizing the overall expression of existing land use mainly refers to handling the gaps between plots in accordance with the results of the above-mentioned land demarcation and land classification identification, so as to achieve full coverage of the entire existing land use.

[0106] Specifically, in this embodiment, the specific rules for handling gaps between plots are as follows: According to relevant rules, after the land boundary is demarcated, when there are narrow gaps between adjacent plots, a judgment is made based on the land type and land features. When the gap width is less than 2 meters, it is merged into the adjacent plot; when there are obvious isolation elements, it is included in the adjacent plot without isolation elements; when the gap width is greater than 2 meters and the area reaches 50 square meters, a separate plot is formed.

[0107] Embodiment 2

[0108] Based on the case plots of Class II urban residential land and kindergarten land, the land use status map data generation method based on large-scale topographic map of the present invention provides an accurate and detailed land use status map, such as Figure 6 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0109] First, according to S1 and related refinement steps, large-scale topographic maps and high-resolution image maps of the survey area are collected, data preprocessing is carried out, coordinates and elevations are unified, and a basic database is established.

[0110] Secondly, according to S2, S3 and their related refinement steps, the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map are deconstructed, the utilization direction of the relevant elements is clarified, and isolation elements such as walls, fences, barbed wire, land boundaries, road edges, sidewalk edges, elevated outer edges, building base outer edges, city walls, ground river shorelines, lake edges, pond edges, pond embankments, constant water level lines, slope top lines, slope foot lines, and field ridges are digitally extracted and layered on the high-resolution image map to construct the basic element base map of the land use status map data.

[0111] Then, according to S4 and its detailed steps, combined with the spatial morphological characteristics of the existing land objects in the survey area, the boundaries of the existing plots are delineated on the basic element base map, the boundaries of the existing land use are determined, and the existing land use classification is carried out based on the surface coverage, surface morphology, annotation information and image information of the large-scale topographic map.

[0112] In summary, the method for generating current land use map data of the present invention has opened up the path for converting topographic maps into current land use map data. It has the advantages and characteristics of fine land classification, accurate plot space and detailed spatial expression, and can provide multi-level technical support for national land space planning and natural resource management.

[0113] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: Based on the demand for land use status map data generation, determine the survey area, collect basic data on land use status in the survey area, including high-resolution image maps and large-scale topographic maps; and pre-process the collected basic data to build a basic database; Step S2, constructing the generation path of the basic unit of the land use status map, deconstructing the elements, structure, and information content of the large-scale topographic map, analyzing the natural and artificial characteristics of the surface cover, and determining the use direction of geographic information elements in the generation of land use status map data; Step S3, extracting the isolation functional elements of the large-scale topographic map of the survey area by means of a digital element extraction method, overlaying them in layers on the high-resolution image map, and establishing a data generation basic element base map that reaches the accuracy of a large-scale topographic map; Step S4: Based on the spatial morphological characteristics of the existing land features in the survey area, the land types and boundaries of the existing land use are identified on the basic element base map, and the overall expression of the existing land use is unified. Field investigations should be carried out for doubtful plots to realize the generation of land use status map data and the current land use investigation.

2. The method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following sub-steps: Step S11, collect high-resolution images of the survey area, conduct spatial analysis, and obtain the spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of the current construction land, agricultural land and unused land through the surface coverage conditions in the high-resolution images; Step S12, collecting large-scale topographic maps of the survey area, verifying spatial information, and obtaining a digital topographic map of the surface coverage of the survey area; Step S13: pre-process the collected high-resolution imagery and large-scale topographic map data, unify the time points, coordinates and elevations of the data, and establish a basic database.

3. The method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 includes the following sub-steps: Step S21, establishing a spatial closed-loop relationship among the functional space of the plot, the material space and the physical elements of the land object, determining the material space range corresponding to the functional space of the current plot according to the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map and the current material space corresponding to the physical elements of the land object, and constructing a generation path for the basic unit of the plot of the current land use map; Step S22, deconstructing the large-scale topographic map data, subdividing the types of geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map based on the layer data structure of topographic map points, lines, surfaces and annotations, determining the entity information and spatial connotation corresponding to each type of element, and using it for the identification of land parcels and boundary delineation of the current land use; Step S23: Analyze the natural and artificial characteristics of the surface from the three aspects of surface morphology, surface cover and element annotation information of the large-scale topographic map, establish a judgment basis for converting the surface cover geographical information to the current land use type, and identify the land type of the plot generated by the land use status data; Step S24: According to the correspondence between the current land use entity elements and the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map, the connection relationship between the current land use and the large-scale topographic map is established, and the isolation function elements of the large-scale topographic map are determined as the basis for delineating the boundaries of the plots in the generation of the current land use map data.

4. The method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S22 deconstructs the large-scale topographic map data, and divides the large-scale topographic map data from bottom to top into: surface cover layer, surface morphology layer, element information layer, annotation layer, constructs the data structure of each layer and subdivides the type of geographic information elements of each layer. The geographic information elements are layered according to the classification, as follows: The surface cover layer includes: water system, residential areas and facilities, transportation, pipelines, vegetation and soil; The surface morphology layer has landforms as its element type, including contour lines, elevation points, water area contour lines, natural landforms, and artificial landforms; The element information layer has element types of boundaries and administrative divisions, including: provincial administrative divisions, prefecture-level administrative divisions, county-level administrative divisions, and township-level administrative divisions; The annotation layer has an element type of element annotation, which specifically includes: water system annotation, residential area annotation, traffic annotation, pipeline annotation, landform annotation, vegetation annotation, and boundary and political division annotation.

5. The method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S23, a determination basis for converting the land cover feature information to the land use status type is established, including the following sub-steps: Step S231, according to the type of geographic information elements in the surface morphological layer, obtain the current land use geomorphic conditions in the survey area to assist in determining the current land use type; Step S232: According to the type of geographical information elements of the surface cover layer, the actual status of natural vegetation and artificial structures used for development and utilization of the land in the survey area is obtained as a direct basis for determining the current land type; Step S233, according to the geographic information element types of the element information layer and the annotation layer, obtain the social attribute information of the current land use objects to assist in determining the current land use type; Step S234, comprehensively judge the geographic information elements of the surface morphology layer, surface cover layer and annotation layer information to identify the land type of the plot generated by the land use status data.

6. The method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step S24 forms the basis for demarcating the boundaries of land parcels in generating the land use status map data, and includes the following sub-steps: Step S241: According to the concept of land use type, establish the connection relationship between the land cover element type and related facilities of the large-scale topographic map and the current land use type; Step S242, extracting the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer of the large-scale topographic map according to the type of geographic information elements of the surface cover layer and the identification basis of the land parcel obtained in step S224, and determining the boundary delineation basis of the current land parcel generated by the land use status map data; The isolation functional elements of the surface cover layer include: walls, fences, barbed wire, land boundaries, road edges, sidewalk edges, elevated outer edges, building base outer edges, city walls, ground river shorelines, lake edges, pond edges, pond embankments, normal water level lines, slope top lines, slope foot lines, and field ridges.

7. The method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S242, the corresponding relationship between the isolation function element of the surface cover layer and the existing land boundary is established as the basis for boundary demarcation, which is specifically shown as follows: The isolation function element of the water system in the land cover element type corresponds to the current land use boundaries of land waters and public utility land; The isolation function elements of residential areas and facilities in the surface cover layer element type are mapped to the current land boundaries of residential land, public management and public service land, commercial service land, industrial and mining land, storage land, public facility land, special land, and agricultural facility construction land; The isolation function element of traffic in the surface cover layer element type is matched to the current land use boundaries of transportation land and agricultural facility construction land; The isolation function element of the pipeline in the surface cover element type is mapped to the current land use boundaries of public utility land and transportation land; The isolation functional elements of vegetation and soil in the surface cover layer element type are corresponded to the current land use boundaries of cultivated land, gardens, woodlands, grasslands, green spaces and open space land.

8. The method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S3 includes the following steps: Step S31: within the survey area for generating the land use status map data, screen the element types of the large-scale topographic map and digitally extract the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer; Step S32, based on the accuracy of the large-scale topographic map, through the ArcGIS software geographic information system platform, according to the unified coordinate system and elevation benchmark, the isolated functional elements extracted in step S31 are layered and superimposed on the high-resolution image map to form the basic element base map for generating the land use status map data.

9. The method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S4 includes the following steps: Step S41: on the basic element base map, delineate the boundaries of the current land parcels in the land use status map data generation work area, refine the spatial granularity, and obtain the boundary delineation results of the current land parcels; Step S42: According to the concept of land use type, combined with the spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of the existing objects in the work area, the existing land use with the demarcated land parcel boundaries is identified, and the expression of the existing land use in the entire region and all elements is refined to obtain the land use classification result of the existing land parcel; Step S43, summarize the land use status map data to generate data results in the working area, optimize the overall expression of the current land use, process the gaps between plots based on the land classification and boundary demarcation results obtained in steps S41 and S42, and establish a land use status map results database.

10. The method for generating land use status map data based on a large-scale topographic map according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S41, following the principle of starting with the easy and then the difficult, the boundary of the current land parcel is delineated in the work area for generating the land use status map data, including the following sub-steps: Step S411, the boundary of the existing land parcel is delineated by referring to the isolation function elements in the topographic map; Step S412: When the existing land parcel has no isolation function elements, the parcel boundary is comprehensively determined based on the parcel feature information and surrounding adjacent conditions in combination with high-resolution imagery; Step S413: When the large-scale topographic map is inconsistent with the high-resolution image map, the latest high-resolution image map is used to distinguish the ground features and delineate the boundaries of the current land parcels.

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