Deep carbonate rock transport conductor dominant seismic genus subdivision three-dimensional modeling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep carbonate rock transportation conductor dominant seismic genus subdivision three-dimensional modeling method, which comprises the following steps of: optimizing three-dimensional seismic data through multi-scale and multi-direction decomposition and reconstruction so as to establish a dominant three-dimensional seismic data volume capable of optimally representing a deep carbonate rock reservoir; and based on the heterogeneity of the deep carbonate rocks, an isochronous stratigraphic division method is adopted to carry out fine small-layer subdivision on the optimized seismic data. And carrying out seismic horizon calibration by using the underground synthetic record, and calculating the transmission-to-ground ratio of each small layer. By extracting and analyzing the seismic attributes, the optimal seismic attribute capable of effectively predicting the ratio of the output to the ground is screened out. And establishing a mathematical equation by using the indexes to convert the seismic attributes into an output-to-earth ratio data volume. And a three-dimensional transmission-to-earth ratio distribution model is constructed by combining the small-layer transmission-to-earth ratio and the ancient landform depth value of each reservoir forming period, so that a scientific basis is provided for oil and gas transmission and reservoir forming analysis. According to the method, the recognition precision of the reservoir features is remarkably improved, and the method has important application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional modeling method for subdividing dominant seismic properties of deep carbonate rock transmission conductors. Background Art

[0002] Microbial mounds and beaches play an important role in controlling the formation of reservoirs, and can often form industrial gas reservoirs in the high-energy zones at the platform margin and within the platform. However, due to the great burial depth of mounds and beaches, the complex reservoir types and combinations, and the rapid lateral changes of reservoirs, different types of transport systems will have different effects on the migration and accumulation of oil and gas reservoirs. Therefore, the precise three-dimensional characterization of the transport parameters of mounds and beaches is of great significance for the exploration and development of mound and beach oil and gas reservoirs.

[0003] Calibration of downhole conductive layers through synthetic records and logging profiles, classification of beach body types by actual drilling cores, and clarification of seismic response characteristics of different conductive bodies are key steps in three-dimensional modeling of conductive parameters. However, due to the thin thickness and strong heterogeneity of beach body reservoirs, high requirements are usually placed on the quality and resolution of seismic data. Conventional seismic data are difficult to distinguish the seismic response characteristics of different types of conductive layers, which often results in multiple solutions and inaccuracy in interpretation results. At present, there is no effective seismic processing method for accurately characterizing the conductive parameters of different beach body types. Therefore, the resolution of seismic data seriously restricts the accurate identification of the conductive properties of beach bodies. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention aims to provide a three-dimensional modeling method for the dominant seismic subdivision of deep carbonate rock transmission bodies, so as to improve the recognition and modeling accuracy of complex reservoirs of hilly beaches.

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A three-dimensional modeling method for subdividing dominant seismic properties of deep carbonate rock transmission conductors, the method comprising:

[0007] S1: Seismic data optimization: decompose and reconstruct 3D seismic data in multiple scales and directions, select seismic data that matches well with downhole synthetic seismic records, and establish a 3D seismic data volume with superior decomposition and reconstruction that best characterizes the characteristics of deep carbonate reservoir conductors;

[0008] S2: Seismic data sub-layer isochronous stratigraphic division: Based on the strong heterogeneity of deep-ultra-deep carbonate rocks and the minimum surface thickness of the beach body, the isochronous stratigraphic division method is used to subdivide the target layer of the selected seismic data and establish a fine and high-resolution isochronous stratigraphic framework;

[0009] S3: Pick up the output-to-ground ratio of the target layer in the well, use the downhole synthetic record to calibrate the seismic profile near the well, establish the corresponding relationship between the interface of each sub-layer of the target layer in the seismic data and the interface of the downhole formation of each drilling well, carry out reservoir interpretation and reservoir thickness statistics for each sub-layer of the target layer in the well, and calculate the output-to-ground ratio of each sub-layer in the well;

[0010] S4: Optimization of dominant seismic attributes: extracting seismic attributes of each sublayer, performing correlation analysis and multi-attribute fusion, screening out attributes with high correlation, and optimizing the best seismic attributes, which can be used to predict the land-to-ground ratio of each sublayer;

[0011] S5: Use seismic attributes to convert the transmission-to-ground ratio, conduct intersection analysis between the best seismic attributes and the downhole transmission-to-ground ratio, establish the best mathematical equation to characterize the transmission parameters, determine the conversion relationship corresponding to each sub-layer of the target layer, and convert the dominant seismic attributes of each sub-layer into the data body of the transmission-to-ground ratio of the sub-layer;

[0012] S6: Construct a three-dimensional distribution model of the transmission-to-land ratio. Combine the small-layer transmission-to-land ratio values ​​in each accumulation period with the paleo-geomorphological depth value to establish a refined three-dimensional spatial distribution model of the transmission-to-land ratio of multiple small layers superimposed in each accumulation period of the target layer in the study area, which is used for oil and gas conductivity and accumulation analysis.

[0013] The input and output of each step are as follows:

[0014] S1: Seismic data optimization, input: original 3D seismic data and downhole synthetic seismic records; output: high-resolution, reconstructed seismic data obtained after navigation pyramid processing and wavelet frequency division processing, and the optimized 3D seismic data volume that matches well with the downhole synthetic seismic records (dominant decomposition and reconstruction of 3D seismic data volume);

[0015] S2: Isochronous stratigraphic division of seismic data sublayers, input: optimized 3D seismic data; output: high-resolution isochronous stratigraphic framework of each sublayer of the target layer (subdivided sublayer information);

[0016] S3: Picking up the input-to-ground ratio of the target layer in the downhole. Input: downhole synthetic records, seismic data of the target layer in the downhole, and downhole formation thickness information of the drilling well. Output: the corresponding relationship between the interface of each sublayer and the downhole formation interface, the statistical results of the reservoir thickness of each sublayer, and the input-to-ground ratio of each sublayer (ratio of the reservoir thickness of the sublayer to the thickness of the sublayer).

[0017] S4: Optimization of dominant seismic attributes: Input: various seismic attributes extracted from each sublayer, input-to-ground ratio data of well point locations; Output: dominant seismic attributes with the largest correlation coefficient, optimal seismic data volume for each sublayer;

[0018] S5: Using seismic attributes to convert the input-to-ground ratio: Input: the selected best seismic attributes, the downhole input-to-ground ratio data; Output: the established mathematical equation (used for the relationship between each sub-layer section), the input-to-ground ratio data body of each sub-layer (obtained by converting the dominant seismic attributes);

[0019] S6: A three-dimensional spatial distribution model of the transmission-to-land ratio in each accumulation period based on the transmission-to-land ratio of each small layer. Input: transmission-to-land ratio of each small layer in each accumulation period, and paleo-geomorphic depth value; Output: A refined three-dimensional spatial distribution model of multiple small layers superimposed in each accumulation period of the target layer, providing a basis for oil and gas conductivity and accumulation analysis.

[0020] Through the above input and output steps, a logical chain is formed between the steps, and finally the fine three-dimensional modeling of deep carbonate rock conductors based on the dominant seismic attributes of subdivided small layers is realized.

[0021] Further, the step S1 comprises:

[0022] Through navigation pyramid processing and wavelet frequency division methods, the three-dimensional seismic data are decomposed and reconstructed in multiple scales and directions; the processed seismic data are compared and analyzed with the downhole synthetic seismic records, and the seismic data that matches the downhole synthetic seismic records are selected; the dominant decomposition and reconstruction three-dimensional seismic data volume that best characterizes the characteristics of the deep carbonate reservoir conductor is established.

[0023] Further, the step S4 comprises:

[0024] Advantageous seismic data are used to extract various seismic attributes for each sublayer, and correlation analysis is performed on each seismic attribute. Various attributes with poor correlation are selected, and multi-attribute fusion is performed. Various seismic attributes and attribute fusion values ​​selected from each well point position in the same sublayer are extracted, and the various attribute value data are respectively intersected with the downhole output-to-land ratio data of each well point. The corresponding seismic attribute with the largest correlation coefficient is selected as the advantageous seismic data body and advantageous seismic attribute for predicting the output-to-land ratio of the sublayer. This method is used for each sublayer, and finally the optimal seismic data body and optimal seismic attribute data body for each sublayer that predicts the output-to-land ratio of the target layer in the study area are selected.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0026] (1) The component information of different frequency bands of seismic data has different sensitivities to various geological information. The present invention uses methods such as navigation pyramid classification, reconstruction and wavelet frequency division processing to perform multi-scale and multi-directional decomposition and reconstruction of the seismic data in the study area, and compares and analyzes them with synthetic seismic records of wells to verify the accuracy of the mined information, improve the ability to identify and characterize thin-layer conductors, and solve the problem that the resolution of conventional seismic data is low and insufficient to reflect the strong heterogeneity of the hill-shoal complex.

[0027] (2) The present invention fully realizes the close integration of seismology and geology. In a fine high-resolution grid, the measured information of geological drilling is fully used for the optimization and verification of seismic attributes, and a mathematical conversion equation between seismic attribute parameters and actual geological parameters is constructed, thus establishing a reliable method suitable for quantitative prediction of the transmission / ground ratio of each small layer of transmission conductor.

[0028] The main part of this model is data-driven. Based on the advantageous seismic data body mined and optimized from seismic data, this study divides the target layer into small layers according to the minimum modeling surface element, and conducts a variety of prediction method analyses and optimizations based on the actual underground conductive layer parameter values ​​in the study area. The optimal prediction method is used to quantitatively predict the conductive layer transmission / ground ratio and distribution.

[0029] (3) The present invention fully considers the strong heterogeneity of the hilly beach body in the vertical and horizontal directions, establishes a high-resolution isochronous stratigraphic framework for the subdivided layers of the target layer (different frequency-divided seismic bodies and seismic attributes can be used for each sublayer), and combines the complex conditions such as tectonic paleo-geomorphology and fault distribution to construct a precise three-dimensional parameter model of the transmission conductor in the depth domain, providing important data support for the multi-stage oil and gas accumulation analysis.

[0030] The types of hill-beach reservoirs are complex, and oil reservoirs will experience different evolutionary processes in different geological periods. This modeling fully considers the pre-depositional paleo-geomorphology, the three-dimensional digital model of the land-transmission ratio of each sub-layer, the structural surface modeling based on the seismic interpretation stratigraphic data and fault distribution data, and establishes carbonate reservoir (algae hill) models in different reservoir formation periods, providing a reliable three-dimensional geological model of the depth domain of the transmission conductor for the simulation analysis of oil and gas migration and accumulation in different reservoir formation periods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 , Comparison diagram of seismic sections of different seismic data volumes (taking well8 as an example);

[0032] Figure 2 , high-resolution framework-based isochronous stratigraphic division maps of small layers;

[0033] Figure 3 , the intersection analysis diagram of downhole transmission / ground ratio and seismic attributes of small layers inside the grid;

[0034] Figure 4 , three-dimensional spatial distribution prediction map of output-to-land ratio in depth domain of target layer segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described below in conjunction with embodiments:

[0036] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read them, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0037] At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships should be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] The present invention provides a method for fine three-dimensional modeling of deep carbonate rock transmission bodies based on the superior seismic attributes of subdivided small layers, which mainly solves the following two problems: (1) The genesis of the hill-shoal body is complex and the heterogeneity is strong. The resolution of conventional seismic data is low, which will cause the seismic reflection characteristics of different transmission types to be confused with each other, resulting in inaccuracy in the interpretation results. The purpose of the present invention is to mine higher-resolution post-stack seismic data, and combine it with downhole synthetic seismic records to further select data bodies with both high resolution and high credibility, so as to fully carry out the prediction of hill-shoal transmission parameters. (2) Conventional three-dimensional modeling of transmission parameters is based on the study of the entire target layer, but this is only a general description of the transmission information of the formation, lacking a detailed description of the internal heterogeneity. The purpose of the present invention is to combine the maximum recognition ability of seismic data, establish a high-resolution stratigraphic framework and subdivide the small layers, carry out multi-seismic attribute optimization in some small layers within the target layer, and then carry out the characterization of the transmission parameters of each small layer, so as to fully describe the strong vertical and horizontal heterogeneity of the hill-shoal complex. Its technical solution includes the following steps:

[0040] S1: Seismic data optimization: Through the processing methods such as navigation pyramid processing and wavelet frequency division, the three-dimensional seismic data is decomposed and reconstructed in multiple scales and directions, and compared with the synthetic seismic records of the well, the seismic data with good matching with the synthetic seismic records of the well are selected to improve the recognition and characterization ability of seismic data for deep carbonate reservoir conductors, and establish the optimal decomposition and reconstruction three-dimensional seismic data volume (such as Figure 1 );

[0041] S2: Isochronous stratigraphic division of seismic data sublayers: Taking into full consideration the strong heterogeneity of deep and ultra-deep carbonate rocks, combined with the minimum bin thickness of the beach body, the isochronous stratigraphic division method is used to perform isochronous stratigraphic division of the selected seismic data on the sublayers of the target layer. The sublayers are divided as much as possible according to the quality of the seismic data to establish a fine and high-resolution isochronous stratigraphic framework for each sublayer of the target layer (such as Figure 2 );

[0042] S3: Picking up the output-to-ground ratio of the target layer in the well: Use the downhole synthetic record to calibrate the seismic geological layer near the well, establish the corresponding relationship between the interface of each small layer of the target layer in the seismic data and the interface of the downhole formation of each well, carry out reservoir interpretation and reservoir thickness statistics for each small layer of the target layer in the well, and calculate the output-to-ground ratio of each small layer in the well (the ratio of the reservoir thickness of the small layer to the thickness of the small layer), so as to provide a basis for predicting the output-to-ground ratio using the seismic data volume;

[0043] S4: Optimization of dominant seismic attributes: Use dominant seismic data to extract various seismic attributes for each sublayer, conduct correlation analysis on each seismic attribute, select various attributes with poor correlation, and perform multi-attribute fusion to extract various seismic attributes and attribute fusion values ​​selected from each well point in the same sublayer, and perform intersection analysis on its various attribute value data with the downhole output-to-land ratio data of each well point, and select the corresponding seismic attribute with the largest correlation coefficient as the dominant seismic data body and dominant seismic attribute for predicting the output-to-land ratio of the sublayer. This method is used for each sublayer, and finally the optimal seismic data body and optimal seismic attribute data body for each sublayer that predicts the output-to-land ratio of the target layer in the study area are selected;

[0044] S5: Use earthquake attributes to convert the output-to-ground ratio:

[0045] Through attribute optimization, the best seismic attributes are cross-analyzed with the downhole transmission-to-ground ratio, and the mathematical equation that best characterizes the transmission parameters is established. The conversion relationship corresponding to each sub-layer of the target layer is clarified (different seismic bodies can be used for each sub-layer), and the dominant seismic attributes of each sub-layer are converted into the data body of the sub-layer transmission-to-ground ratio (such as Figure 3 );

[0046] S6: Three-dimensional spatial distribution model of the transmission-to-land ratio in each accumulation period based on the transmission-to-land ratio of each small layer: Combined with the corresponding paleo-geomorphic depth value of the transmission-to-land ratio of each small layer in each accumulation period, a fine three-dimensional spatial distribution model of the transmission-to-land ratio of multiple small layers in each accumulation period of the target layer in the study area is established, which provides a basis for the oil and gas conductivity and accumulation analysis of the target layer in each accumulation period in the study area (such as Figure 4 ).

[0047] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0048] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0049] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0050] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

[0052] Many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the concept and scope of the present invention.It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional modeling method for subdividing dominant seismic properties of deep carbonate rock transmission conductors, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1: Decompose and reconstruct the 3D seismic data in multiple scales and directions, select the seismic data that matches the downhole synthetic seismic records well, and establish the dominant decomposition and reconstruction 3D seismic data volume that best characterizes the characteristics of the deep carbonate reservoir conductor; S2: Based on the strong heterogeneity of deep and ultra-deep carbonate rocks and the minimum bin thickness of the beach body, the isochronous stratigraphic division method is used to subdivide the target layer of the selected seismic data and establish a fine and high-resolution isochronous stratigraphic framework; S3: Use downhole synthetic records to calibrate the seismic geological horizons near the well, establish the corresponding relationship between the interface of each sub-layer of the target layer in the seismic data and the interface of each downhole formation, conduct reservoir interpretation and reservoir thickness statistics for each sub-layer of the downhole target layer, and calculate the output-to-land ratio of each sub-layer in the downhole; S4: Extract the seismic attributes of each sublayer, perform correlation analysis and multi-attribute fusion, screen out the attributes with high correlation, and select the best seismic attributes, which can be used to predict the land-to-ground ratio of each sublayer; S5: Conduct intersection analysis on the best seismic attributes and the downhole ground-to-ground ratio, establish the best mathematical equation to characterize the transmission parameters, determine the conversion relationship corresponding to each sub-layer of the target layer, and convert the dominant seismic attributes of each sub-layer into the ground-to-ground ratio data body of the sub-layer; S6: Combined with the small-layer transmission-to-land ratio and paleo-geomorphic depth value in each accumulation period, a refined three-dimensional spatial distribution model of the transmission-to-land ratio of multiple small layers superimposed in each accumulation period of the target layer in the study area is established, which is used for oil and gas conductivity and accumulation analysis.

2. A three-dimensional modeling method for deep carbonate rock transmission conductor dominant seismic subdivision according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 comprises: Through navigation pyramid processing and wavelet frequency division methods, the three-dimensional seismic data are decomposed and reconstructed in multiple scales and directions; the processed seismic data are compared and analyzed with the downhole synthetic seismic records, and the seismic data that matches the downhole synthetic seismic records are selected; the dominant decomposition and reconstruction three-dimensional seismic data volume that best characterizes the characteristics of the deep carbonate reservoir conductor is established.

3. A three-dimensional modeling method for deep carbonate rock transmission conductor dominant seismic subdivision according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 comprises: Advantageous seismic data are used to extract various seismic attributes for each sublayer, and correlation analysis is performed on each seismic attribute. Various attributes with poor correlation are selected, and multi-attribute fusion is performed. Various seismic attributes and attribute fusion values ​​selected from each well point position in the same sublayer are extracted, and the various attribute value data are respectively intersected with the downhole output-to-land ratio data of each well point. The corresponding seismic attribute with the largest correlation coefficient is selected as the advantageous seismic data body and advantageous seismic attribute for predicting the output-to-land ratio of the sublayer. This method is used for each sublayer, and finally the optimal seismic data body and optimal seismic attribute data body for each sublayer that predicts the output-to-land ratio of the target layer in the study area are selected.

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