Cable

Abstract

The invention provides a cable. The cable comprises a conductor and an insulating layer wrapping the periphery of the conductor. At least one air hole is formed in the insulating layer, the air hole continuously extends in the length direction of the cable, and the insulating layer penetrates through the air hole in the length direction. According to the cable, the electrical and mechanical properties can be maintained, the light weight is realized, the flexibility is improved, the heat dissipation is improved, and the material cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a cable. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electronic devices, communication technology and power transmission, the performance requirements for cables are getting higher and higher. The design of existing cables mainly focuses on conductive efficiency, mechanical strength and environmental tolerance, but traditional plastic insulation layers have certain limitations. For example, ordinary solid insulation layers may cause excessively high dielectric constants in high-frequency signal transmission, affecting signal quality; in high-power applications, it may cause insufficient heat dissipation, affecting the life of the cable. In addition, with the increasing demand for lightweighting, reducing the weight of cables has become an important technical challenge.

[0003] In view of this, it is necessary to improve the existing cables to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a cable that can achieve lightness, enhance flexibility, improve heat dissipation and reduce material costs while maintaining electrical and mechanical properties.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides a cable, which includes a conductor and an insulating layer wrapped around the conductor; at least one air hole is arranged in the insulating layer, and the air hole extends continuously along the length direction of the cable and penetrates the insulating layer along the length direction.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​a single air hole in the at least one air hole in the direction perpendicular to the length direction is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor in the direction perpendicular to the length direction.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, in the radial direction of the conductor, there is a distance between the air hole and the conductor.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the air hole is not exposed to the outside along the radial direction of the cable.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, in the radial direction of the conductor, the distance between the air hole and the conductor is smaller than the distance between the air hole and the outer peripheral surface of the insulating layer.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of pores are provided in the insulating layer, the pores are distributed around the conductor, and the pores are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cable is circular as a whole, and the conductor is arranged at the center of the cable and is circular.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the insulating layer comprises a first insulating layer wrapped around the conductor and a second insulating layer wrapped around the first insulating layer, and the pores are arranged at the junction of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pores are recessed on the outer surface of the first insulating layer and / or the inner surface of the second insulating layer.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the outer surface of the first insulating layer and the inner surface of the second insulating layer are in contact with each other.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The cable of the present invention is provided with at least one air hole in its insulation layer, and the air hole extends continuously along the length direction of the cable, and the insulation layer is penetrated along the length direction, so that the air hole is a through structure connected to the external environment. Without affecting the conductor, the use of plastic material can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the cable, improving the flexibility of the cable, enhancing its heat dissipation capacity, optimizing the high-frequency electrical performance, etc., thereby improving the overall performance of the cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a cable according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the cable shown.

[0018] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a cable of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a cable of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a cable of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the cable after the second insulation layer is removed.

[0022] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of a cable of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments do not limit the present invention, and any structural, methodological, or functional changes made by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1 to Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a first embodiment of a cable 100 according to the present invention. Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a second embodiment of the cable 100 of the present invention. Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a cable 100 according to the present invention. Figure 5 to Figure 6 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a cable 100 according to the present invention. Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of a cable 100 according to the present invention.

[0025] In the present invention, the cable 100 includes a conductor 1 and an insulating layer 2 wrapped around the conductor 1; at least one air hole 201 is provided in the insulating layer 2, and the air hole 201 extends continuously along the length direction of the cable 100 and penetrates the insulating layer 2 along the length direction.

[0026] In this way, by setting at least one air hole 201 in the insulating layer 2, the weight of the cable can be effectively reduced and its portability can be improved; at the same time, the flexibility of the cable 100 can be improved, and its windability can be improved; the heat dissipation capacity can be enhanced and the durability can be improved; the high-frequency electrical performance can be improved and the signal loss can be reduced; the buffering and shock absorption effects can be provided and the durability can be improved; the material cost can be reduced and the environmental benefits can be improved.

[0027] Specifically, the cable 100 is provided with air holes 201 in the insulating layer 2, thereby reducing the weight of the entire cable by reducing the material usage of the insulating layer 2, and is suitable for fields with high requirements for lightweight, such as aviation, automobiles, wearable devices, etc.

[0028] By providing air holes 201 in the insulating layer 2, the rigidity of the insulating layer 2 is reduced, making the cable 100 easier to bend, thereby improving durability and being suitable for equipment that needs to be frequently bent or moved, such as robotic arms, medical equipment, headphone cables, etc.

[0029] By providing the pores 201 in the insulating layer 2, the internal air passage formed by the pores 201 can promote heat transfer and dissipation, reduce the temperature rise problem of the cable 100 during operation, and is suitable for high-power cables and equipment running for a long time to prevent overheating damage;

[0030] By setting pores 201 in the insulating layer 2, the overall dielectric constant can also be reduced, and the signal attenuation and capacitance effect of high-frequency transmission can be reduced, so that the cable 100 can be suitable for high-frequency application environments such as RF cables, 5G communication cables, and coaxial cables.

[0031] In high-frequency application environments (such as radio frequency cables, coaxial cables, 5G communication cables, etc.), the quality of signal transmission is affected by many factors, among which dielectric constant and loss tangent are two key parameters. The present invention can significantly improve high-frequency electrical performance and reduce signal loss by providing air holes 201 in the insulating layer 2.

[0032] By providing air holes 201 inside the insulating layer 2, the overall dielectric constant of the cable 100 can be effectively reduced, and the signal transmission speed can be increased, making it closer to the propagation speed in a vacuum. The reduction in the overall dielectric constant of the cable 100 also reduces the capacitance effect, thereby reducing high-frequency signal attenuation and phase distortion and improving signal integrity. This is particularly important for high-frequency communications (such as 5G NR, Wi-Fi 6E, and satellite communications) because these technologies rely on low-latency and high-fidelity signal transmission.

[0033] In addition, the air holes 201 can also serve as a buffer layer to reduce the impact of external shocks on the cable 100, provide buffering and shock absorption effects, thereby improving the ability to resist vibration and extrusion, and improving durability, and are particularly suitable for high-vibration environments (such as automobiles, railways, aviation equipment, etc.). Moreover, the air holes 201 are provided in the insulating layer 2, which can also reduce the amount of plastic materials used, reduce material costs, and comply with environmental protection trends, reduce carbon emissions, and contribute to sustainable development.

[0034] Specifically, in the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​a single air hole 201 in the at least one air hole 201 in the direction perpendicular to the length is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor 1 in the direction perpendicular to the length.

[0035] That is, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the cable 100 has only one air hole 201, and the area of ​​the cross section of the air hole 201 perpendicular to the length direction is smaller than the area of ​​the cross section of the conductor 1 perpendicular to the length direction. In the second to fifth embodiments of the present invention, the cable 100 has a plurality of air holes 201, and the area of ​​the cross section of each air hole 201 perpendicular to the length direction is smaller than the area of ​​the cross section of the conductor 1 perpendicular to the length direction.

[0036] In this way, by setting the cross-sectional area of ​​the pore 201 in the direction perpendicular to the length to be smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor 1 in the direction perpendicular to the length, the stress concentration point can be reduced, and mechanical weak areas caused by excessively large pores can be avoided, thereby preventing the insulating layer 2 from cracking when bent or compressed, and avoiding breakdown under high pressure, thereby ensuring the integrity and stability of the structure and extending the service life of the cable 100.

[0037] Furthermore, in the radial direction of the conductor 1, there is a distance between the pores 201 and the conductor 1. In this way, the spacing design between the pores 201 and the conductor 1 can prevent the pores 201 from directly contacting the surface of the conductor 1, prevent the electric field from concentrating at the air gap, and avoid corona discharge or insulation aging; and while dissipating heat through air convection, it can prevent the insulation performance from being reduced due to moisture absorption by the insulation layer 2, and reduce the penetration path of moisture along the pores 201.

[0038] The air holes 201 are not exposed outward along the radial direction of the cable 100, thereby avoiding the risk of forming microscopic defects (such as burrs or depressions) on the outer surface of the insulating layer 2 due to exposed air holes, reducing the adhesion of the outer shielding layer or sheath, and keeping the outer surface of the insulating layer 2 smooth.

[0039] Further, in the radial direction of the conductor 1 , the distance between the air hole 201 and the conductor 1 is smaller than the distance between the air hole 201 and the outer peripheral surface of the insulating layer 2 .

[0040] Since the electric field intensity is the highest on the surface of conductor 1, the electric field gradually decays as the radial distance increases. By setting the air hole 201 in an area closer to the conductor 1, the high electric field intensity near the conductor 1 can be dispersed through the air hole 201 with a low dielectric constant, avoiding excessive concentration of the electric field at the junction of the conductor and the insulating layer; at the same time, the equivalent dielectric constant on the signal path can be significantly reduced, reducing signal delay and attenuation; in addition, retaining a thicker solid insulating material layer on the radial outside of the air hole 201 can provide stronger mechanical protection, resist external extrusion, wear or environmental stress, and reduce the risk of cracking.

[0041] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, in the second to fifth embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of pores 201 are provided in the insulating layer 2, and the pores 201 are distributed around the conductor 1, and the pores 201 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. Two adjacent pores 201 in the circumferential direction are spaced apart in the circumferential direction. In this way, the evenly distributed spaced pores can disperse the electric field stress and reduce the risk of partial discharge.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cable 100 is circular in shape as a whole, and the conductor 1 is arranged at the center of the cable 100 and is circular in shape. In this way, the electric field is evenly distributed without edge concentration effect, the skin effect is even and the loss is low, and the compression and torsion resistance are also better.

[0043] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in the fourth and fifth embodiments of the present invention, the insulating layer 2 has a first insulating layer 21 wrapped around the conductor 1 and a second insulating layer 23 wrapped around the first insulating layer 21, and the pores 201 are arranged at the junction of the first insulating layer 21 and the second insulating layer 23.

[0044] Specifically, the pores 201 are recessed on the outer surface of the first insulating layer 21 and / or the inner surface of the second insulating layer 23. The pores 201 may be triangular as shown in the drawings, or may be any other shape. Figure 6 As shown, in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the pores 201 are recessed on the outer surface of the first insulating layer 21; Figure 7 As shown, in the fifth embodiment of the present invention, the air hole 201 is recessed in the inner surface of the second insulating layer 23 .

[0045] Furthermore, the outer surface of the first insulating layer 21 is in contact with the inner surface of the second insulating layer 23. Therefore, when the electrical performance needs to be optimized, the electric field gradient can be adjusted and the balance between compressive strength and flexibility can be ensured by adjusting the material combination of the first and second insulating layers 21 respectively.

[0046] In summary, the cable 100 of the present invention is provided with at least one pore 201 in its insulating layer 2, and the pore 201 extends continuously along the length direction of the cable 100, and the insulating layer 2 is penetrated along the length direction, so that the pore 201 is a through-type structure connected to the external environment. Without affecting the conductor 1, the amount of plastic material used can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the cable, improving the flexibility of the cable, enhancing its heat dissipation capacity, optimizing high-frequency electrical performance, etc., thereby improving the overall performance of the cable. In this way, the cable 100 of the present invention can be applied to a variety of application scenarios, such as high-frequency radio frequency cables, coaxial cables, high-power cables, industrial equipment cables, bendable cables and environmentally resistant cables, etc., and can be widely used in communications, aviation, automobiles, industrial equipment, wearable devices and special environments.

[0047] It should be understood that although the present specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are not intended to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present application may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A cable comprising a conductor and an insulating layer covering the conductor; characterized in that: At least one air hole is arranged in the insulating layer, and the air hole extends continuously along the length direction of the cable and penetrates the insulating layer along the length direction.

2. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: An area of ​​a cross section of a single air hole in the at least one air hole in a direction perpendicular to the length direction is smaller than an area of ​​a cross section of the conductor in a direction perpendicular to the length direction.

3. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a radial direction of the conductor, a distance exists between the air hole and the conductor.

4. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air hole is not exposed to the outside along the radial direction of the cable.

5. The cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: In a radial direction of the conductor, a distance between the air hole and the conductor is smaller than a distance between the air hole and an outer peripheral surface of the insulating layer.

6. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of pores are provided in the insulating layer. The pores are distributed around the conductor and are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

7. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable is circular in shape as a whole, and the conductor is arranged at the center of the cable and is circular in shape.

8. The cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The insulating layer comprises a first insulating layer wrapped around the conductor and a second insulating layer wrapped around the first insulating layer. The pores are arranged at the junction of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer.

9. The cable according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pores are recessed on the outer surface of the first insulating layer and / or the inner surface of the second insulating layer.

10. The cable according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer surface of the first insulating layer and the inner surface of the second insulating layer are in contact with each other.

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