Photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for Internet of Things smart home

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of charging and discharging control, in particular to a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for Internet of Things smart home. Firstly, an equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit in a smart home analysis module constructs a four-dimensional compensation matrix through temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation and aging compensation to correct transient power, and compensated transient power of a smart home is obtained; the photovoltaic module power monitoring module constructs photovoltaic module power through theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation; the energy storage data acquisition and analysis module constructs the charge state of the energy storage equipment through the basic estimation item and the extended Kalman filtering estimation item; and the charging and discharging management module constructs an energy balance relationship according to the net power, the power of the photovoltaic module and the total power of the smart home, and constructs a charging and discharging control formula according to the net power, the rated charging and discharging power of the energy storage equipment and the state of charge to perform charging and discharging control of the energy storage equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of charge and discharge control, and in particular to a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for an Internet of Things smart home. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of Internet of Things technology and the popularization of smart home concepts, people's demand for home energy management is growing. Traditional home energy systems usually rely on power supply from the power grid, which has problems such as high energy costs and strong dependence. At the same time, photovoltaic power generation technology, as a clean and renewable energy solution, has gradually become an important part of the smart home field. However, photovoltaic power generation is greatly affected by natural conditions such as weather and light, and there is a problem of unstable power generation. Therefore, it is necessary to combine energy storage technology to achieve efficient use of energy.

[0003] Existing photovoltaic power generation systems and energy storage systems usually operate independently and lack intelligent management and optimization mechanisms, resulting in low energy utilization and insufficient system efficiency. In addition, the introduction of Internet of Things technology provides new possibilities for energy management. Through sensors, communication modules and intelligent algorithms, real-time monitoring and optimized scheduling of photovoltaic power generation, energy storage and smart home electrical equipment can be achieved. Therefore, combining Internet of Things technology, through accurate monitoring of smart home electricity consumption data and photovoltaic power generation and energy storage data, efficient utilization and intelligent management of energy can be achieved, which has important practical significance and application value.

[0004] Therefore, a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart home is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated photovoltaic power generation and energy storage management system for an Internet of Things smart home, which improves the efficiency of charge and discharge control by accurately monitoring data. First, the equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit in the smart home analysis module constructs a four-dimensional compensation matrix through temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation and aging compensation to correct the transient power, and obtain the compensated transient power of the smart home; the photovoltaic component power monitoring module constructs the photovoltaic component power through theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation; the energy storage data acquisition and analysis module constructs the state of charge of the energy storage device through basic estimation items and extended Kalman filter estimation items; the charge and discharge management module constructs an energy balance relationship based on the net power, photovoltaic component power and the total power of the smart home, and constructs a charge and discharge control formula based on the net power, the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage device and the state of charge to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage device.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for an IoT smart home, comprising:

[0008] The smart home analysis module includes an equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit and a smart home information management unit. The equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit constructs a four-dimensional compensation matrix through temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation and aging compensation to correct transient power and obtain the compensated transient power of the smart home.

[0009] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the transient power is:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, P(t) represents the transient power at time t, min() represents the minimum function, f represents the fundamental frequency, v(ξ) represents the voltage, i(ξ) represents the current, ξ represents the integral variable, and λ represents the dynamic response coefficient. represents the derivative of voltage, represents the derivative of the current;

[0012] A four-dimensional compensation matrix is ​​constructed to correct the transient power. The correction formula is:

[0013]

[0014] Where P final (t) represents the instantaneous power after compensation, P(t) represents the instantaneous power at time t, α 1 and α 2 Represents the weight coefficient of temperature change ΔT, α 3 represents the weight coefficient of magnetic field intensity B, f c represents the nominal clock frequency, Δf represents the deviation between the actual clock frequency and the nominal clock frequency, e represents the natural base, α 4 Represents the aging factor.

[0015] Furthermore, the smart home information management unit is used to obtain and process the compensated transient power of all monitored smart homes to obtain the total power P of the smart home at time t. home (t).

[0016] The photovoltaic module power monitoring module constructs the photovoltaic module power through theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation;

[0017] Furthermore, the formula for the photovoltaic module power is:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, represents conversion efficiency, A represents the area of ​​PV modules, G(t) represents the solar irradiance at time t, and γ represents the corrected module temperature T c (t), δ(t) represents the dust loss, ε MPPT Indicates dynamic compensation of MPPT efficiency.

[0020] The energy storage data acquisition and analysis module constructs the state of charge of the energy storage device through basic estimation items and extended Kalman filter estimation items;

[0021] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the state of charge of the energy storage device is:

[0022]

[0023] Where SOC(t) represents the state of charge at time t, θ 1 and θ 2 represents the estimated coefficient, SOC(t 0 ) represents the initial time t 0 The state of charge, C bat Represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, I charge (τ) represents the charging current, I discharge (τ) represents the discharge current, τ represents the integral variable, SOC EKF represents the estimation term based on the extended Kalman filter, θ 1 and θ 2 Satisfy θ 1 +θ 2 =1.

[0024] The charge and discharge management module builds an energy balance relationship based on the net power, photovoltaic module power and total power of the smart home, determines the charge and discharge based on the net power, and builds the charge and discharge control formula based on the net power, rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage device and the state of charge.

[0025] Furthermore, the energy balance relationship is expressed as: net (t) = P PV (t)-P home (t), where P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, P home (t) represents the total power of the smart home at time t;

[0026] When the net power is positive, the charging control formula of the energy storage device is:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, P charge(t) represents the charging power of the energy storage device at time t, P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P max Indicates the maximum charging power of the energy storage device, SOC max represents the maximum safe charge of the energy storage device, SOC(t) represents the current battery charge, C bat represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, Δt represents the time interval;

[0029] When the net power is negative, the discharge control formula of the energy storage device is:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, P discharge (t) represents the discharge power of the energy storage device at time t, Indicates the maximum discharge power of the energy storage device, |P net (t)| represents the absolute value of the net power at time t, SOC min Indicates the minimum charge for safety of energy storage equipment;

[0032] Construct the notch power, the formula is: P gap (t) = P home (t)-[P PV (t)+P discharge (t)], where P gap (t) represents the notch power, if P gap If (t) is greater than 0, power is supplemented from the grid.

[0033] Furthermore, the charge and discharge management module also includes an energy storage grid-connected optimization unit, which is used to adjust the discharge power according to the consistency algorithm. If the gap power is greater than 0, the power distribution of the power grid, photovoltaic components and energy storage equipment is performed based on the consistency algorithm.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The calculation of transient power combines the integral mean and the second-order derivative to capture microsecond-level power mutations and improve the response speed. The four-dimensional compensation matrix constructed by temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation and aging compensation significantly improves the measurement accuracy of transient power of smart home devices, effectively suppresses the influence of factors such as ambient temperature fluctuations, electromagnetic interference and component aging, and provides a reliable foundation for refined management of household energy.

[0036] 2. By introducing more complex models and more environmental variables, such as wind speed and solar irradiance in component temperature correction, and relative humidity in dust loss factor, the accuracy of PV module power monitoring can be improved. The power of PV modules can be calculated by combining theoretical power and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation, thus achieving accurate monitoring of PV module power.

[0037] 3. First, by using real-time monitoring data and charging and discharging control formulas, the charging and discharging process of the energy storage system can be accurately adjusted, effectively preventing overcharging or over-discharging of the energy storage battery, extending the battery life and ensuring system safety; secondly, by introducing a gap power supplement mechanism, when the local photovoltaic and energy storage outputs are insufficient to meet the smart home load, the system can automatically obtain supplementary power from the power grid to ensure the continuity and stability of power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for an IoT smart home provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A flowchart of constructing a compensated transient matrix provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 A flow chart of controlling the charging and discharging of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] When installing home photovoltaic modules for customers, a company introduced a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart homes provided by the present invention in order to achieve efficient use and intelligent management of energy. The system structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the specific implementation is as follows:

[0043] The smart home analysis module includes an equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit and a smart home information management unit. The equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit constructs a four-dimensional compensation matrix through temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation and aging compensation to correct the transient power and obtain the compensated transient power of the smart home. The specific process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown;

[0044] Furthermore, the IoT device monitors the smart home in real time, obtains and processes the monitored data, and obtains the transient power. The calculation formula is:

[0045]

[0046] Among them, P(t) represents the transient power at time t, min() represents the minimum function, f represents the fundamental frequency, v(ξ) represents the voltage, i(ξ) represents the current, ξ represents the integral variable, and λ represents the dynamic response coefficient. represents the derivative of voltage, represents the derivative of the current;

[0047] Furthermore, a four-dimensional compensation matrix [C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 ] Correction of transient power, where temperature compensation C 1 The calculation formula is: C 1 =1+α 1 ·ΔT-α 2 (ΔT) 2 , where α 1 and α 2 Indicates the weight coefficient of temperature change ΔT; magnetic field interference compensation C 2 The calculation formula is:

[0048]

[0049] Among them, α 3 Indicates the weight coefficient of magnetic field strength B; time base error compensation C 3 The calculation formula is:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, f c represents the nominal clock frequency, Δf represents the deviation between the actual clock frequency and the nominal clock frequency; aging compensation C 4 The calculation formula is: Where e represents the natural base, α 4 Represents the aging factor.

[0052] Furthermore, the correction formula is:

[0053]

[0054] Where P final (t) represents the instantaneous power after compensation, P(t) represents the instantaneous power at time t, α 1 and α 2 Represents the weight coefficient of temperature change ΔT, α3 represents the weight coefficient of magnetic field intensity B, f c represents the nominal clock frequency, Δf represents the deviation between the actual clock frequency and the nominal clock frequency, e represents the natural base, α 4 Indicates the aging coefficient. Table 1 shows the compensated transient power of some smart homes monitored by the equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit.

[0055] Table 1. Compensated transient power of some smart homes

[0056] Equipment No. Device Name Transient power after compensation (W) Monitoring time 1 air conditioner 1502.3 2025-01-28 14：30 2 refrigerator 200.2 2025-01-28 14：30 3 television 150.1 2025-01-28 14：30 4 Lighting system 340.6 2025-01-28 14：30 5 washing machine 450.2 2025-01-28 14：30

[0057] By using IoT devices to collect data in real time, calculating the transient power through integration and dynamic response coefficients, and introducing temperature, magnetic field, time base error and aging compensation, the impact of factors such as external environment, equipment aging and clock deviation on the measurement results can be greatly reduced, making the final compensated transient power closer to the actual output, thereby supporting more refined energy consumption management.

[0058] Furthermore, the smart home information management unit includes obtaining and processing the compensated transient power of all monitored smart homes to obtain the total power P of the smart home at time t. home (t).

[0059] Furthermore, the smart home information management unit obtains the power data of all smart homes monitored by the equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit and sums them up to obtain the total power of all smart homes at time t, providing data support for the subsequent construction of an energy balance relationship.

[0060] The photovoltaic module power monitoring module constructs the photovoltaic module power through theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation;

[0061] Furthermore, the formula for the photovoltaic module power is:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, represents conversion efficiency, A represents the area of ​​PV modules, G(t) represents the solar irradiance at time t, and γ represents the corrected module temperature T c (t), δ(t) represents the dust loss, ε MPPT Indicates dynamic compensation of MPPT efficiency;

[0064] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the component temperature correction formula is:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, T a (t) represents the ambient temperature at time t, NOCT represents the nominal operating temperature, v wind (t) represents the wind speed at time t;

[0067] Further, the formula for dust loss is:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, ρ(t) represents the dust coverage rate at time t, which can be obtained through image analysis. dry represents the number of consecutive days without rainfall, R(t) represents the relative humidity, which can inhibit the adhesion effect of dry dust; the weight coefficient σ 1 , σ 2 and σ 3 is the experience value;

[0070] Furthermore, the formula for dynamic compensation of MPPT efficiency is:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, G STC Indicates the irradiance under standard test conditions, Indicates the deviation between the component and the solar incident angle. Table 2 shows the monitoring results of the photovoltaic component power.

[0073] Table 2. Photovoltaic module power

[0074] Component Name Photovoltaic module power (W) Monitoring time PV1 250.4 2025-01-28 14：30 PV2 260.5 2025-01-28 14：30 PV3 248.9 2025-01-28 14：30 PV4 255.3 2025-01-28 14：30

[0075] By introducing more complex models and more environmental variables, such as wind speed and solar irradiance in component temperature correction, and relative humidity in dust loss factor, the accuracy of PV module power monitoring can be improved. The power of PV modules is calculated by combining theoretical power and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation, thus achieving accurate monitoring of PV module power.

[0076] The energy storage data acquisition and analysis module constructs the state of charge of the energy storage device through basic estimation items and extended Kalman filter estimation items;

[0077] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the state of charge of the energy storage device is:

[0078]

[0079] Where SOC(t) represents the state of charge at time t, θ 1 and θ 2 represents the estimated coefficient, SOC(t 0 ) represents the initial time t 0 The state of charge, Cbat Represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, I charge (τ) represents the charging current, I discharge (τ) represents the discharge current, τ represents the integral variable, SOC EKF represents the estimation term based on the extended Kalman filter, θ 1 and θ 2 Satisfy θ 1 +θ 2 =1;

[0080] The formula for the extended Kalman filter estimation term is:

[0081]

[0082] Where SOC(t-1) represents the state of charge at time t-1, η represents the coulomb efficiency, Δt represents the time interval, C dyn Indicates dynamic capacity, I bat represents the battery current, K represents the Kalman gain, V term Represents the voltage across the battery, V oCV Indicates the open circuit voltage.

[0083] The basic estimation item uses the Coulomb counting method, which integrates the charging current and the discharging current to obtain the SOC, but it is easily affected by factors such as measurement noise, temperature changes, and equipment aging, which can produce cumulative errors. The extended Kalman filter estimation item is introduced to perform real-time correction of the SOC by combining nonlinear characteristics such as the battery terminal voltage, open circuit voltage, and dynamic capacity. This can effectively compensate for the deviations caused by measurement errors, dynamic changes, and nonlinear effects, and obtain a more accurate and stable SOC estimate.

[0084] The charge and discharge management module builds an energy balance relationship based on the net power, photovoltaic module power and total power of the smart home, determines the charge and discharge based on the net power, and builds the charge and discharge control formula based on the net power, the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage device and the state of charge to control the charge and discharge. The specific process is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0085] Furthermore, the energy balance relationship is expressed as: net (t) = P PV (t)-P home (t), where P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, P home (t) represents the total power of the smart home at time t;

[0086] When the net power is positive, in order to prevent overcharging, it is necessary to consider the current state of charge of the energy storage battery and the maximum charging power limit. The charging control formula is:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, P charge (t) represents the charging power of the energy storage device at time t, P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P max Indicates the maximum charging power of the energy storage device, SOC max represents the maximum safe charge of the energy storage device, SOC(t) represents the current battery charge, C bat represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, Δt represents the time interval;

[0089] When the net power is negative, it is necessary to discharge from the energy storage system to supplement the insufficient power. It is necessary to prevent over-discharge and ensure that the state of charge is not lower than the safety lower limit. The discharge control formula of the energy storage device is:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, P discharge (t) represents the discharge power of the energy storage device at time t, Indicates the maximum discharge power of the energy storage device, |P net (t)| represents the absolute value of the net power at time t, SOC min Indicates the minimum charge for safety of energy storage equipment;

[0092] Construct the notch power, the formula is: P gap (t) = P home (t)-[P PV (t)+P discharge (t)], where P gap (t) represents the notch power, if P gap If (t) is greater than 0, power is supplemented from the grid.

[0093] The net power of the system can be calculated in real time through the energy balance formula, which can clearly determine whether the current photovoltaic power generation is sufficient or insufficient, so as to achieve precise adjustment during charging and discharging control, so that the system as a whole can achieve supply and demand balance; the charging and discharging control formula takes into account various parameters of the energy storage equipment, ensuring that the energy storage equipment will not be damaged due to overcharging, nor will its service life be shortened due to excessive discharge, thereby extending the overall service life of the battery and improving system safety.

[0094] The energy storage grid-connected optimization auxiliary module adjusts the discharge power according to the consistency algorithm.

[0095] Furthermore, if the shortfall power is greater than 0, it means that power needs to be supplemented from the grid. The grid, photovoltaic components and energy storage equipment are regarded as nodes in a distributed network. The discharge control of the grid, photovoltaic and energy storage is coordinated through the consistency algorithm, which is specifically divided into the following steps:

[0096] Step S1: define the power grid, photovoltaic components and energy storage equipment as distributed nodes, establish a real-time communication network, and ensure data intercommunication among nodes;

[0097] Step S2: continuously monitor the smart home, photovoltaic components and energy storage equipment, and obtain the shortfall power;

[0098] Step S3: Dynamically adjust the power of each node based on the consistency algorithm, with photovoltaic power supply being given priority, and energy storage equipment flexibly supplying power according to the state of charge;

[0099] Step S4: limit the energy storage charging and discharging power, and set the grid interaction threshold, including the maximum power purchase power;

[0100] By coordinating the consistent algorithm control of the power grid, photovoltaic components and energy storage equipment, high-precision power matching and rapid response can be achieved during discharge, photovoltaic power generation can be prioritized and energy storage equipment can be dynamically adjusted, reducing dependence on the power grid, reducing the electricity cost of smart homes, and ensuring continuous and stable power supply.

[0101] The smart home analysis module uses four-dimensional compensation matrices such as temperature, magnetic field, time base error and aging to accurately correct transient power, thereby providing real and reliable home energy consumption data; the photovoltaic module power monitoring module ensures the accuracy of photovoltaic output data by calculating theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency; the energy storage data acquisition and analysis module combines basic estimation and extended Kalman filtering to accurately estimate the battery state of charge in real time, providing a precise basis for charge and discharge management; the charge and discharge management module automatically adjusts the charge and discharge state of the energy storage system according to the real-time net power and the rated charge and discharge power and safe charge state limit of the energy storage equipment, and coordinates the output power of the power grid, photovoltaic modules and energy storage equipment through a consistency algorithm, achieving fine overall power balance and optimized scheduling.

[0102] Embodiment 2

[0103] A company introduced a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart home provided by the present invention for its customers' home photovoltaic modules to improve the efficiency of charge and discharge management. The specific implementation methods are as follows:

[0104] The smart home analysis module includes an equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit and a smart home information management unit. The equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit constructs a four-dimensional compensation matrix through temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation and aging compensation to correct transient power and obtain the compensated transient power of the smart home.

[0105] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the transient power is:

[0106]

[0107] Among them, P(t) represents the transient power at time t, min() represents the minimum function, f represents the fundamental frequency, v(ξ) represents the voltage, i(ξ) represents the current, ξ represents the integral variable, and λ represents the dynamic response coefficient. represents the derivative of voltage, represents the derivative of the current;

[0108] A four-dimensional compensation matrix is ​​constructed to correct the transient power. The correction formula is:

[0109]

[0110] Where P final (t) represents the instantaneous power after compensation, P(t) represents the instantaneous power at time t, α 1 and α 2 Represents the weight coefficient of temperature change ΔT, α 3 represents the weight coefficient of magnetic field intensity B, f c represents the nominal clock frequency, Δf represents the deviation between the actual clock frequency and the nominal clock frequency, e represents the natural base, α 4 Represents the aging factor.

[0111] Furthermore, the smart home information management unit is used to obtain and process the compensated transient power of all monitored smart homes to obtain the total power P of the smart home at time t. home (t).

[0112] The photovoltaic module power monitoring module constructs the photovoltaic module power through theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation;

[0113] Furthermore, the formula for the photovoltaic module power is:

[0114]

[0115] Among them, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, represents conversion efficiency, A represents the area of ​​PV modules, G(t) represents the solar irradiance at time t, and γ represents the corrected module temperature Tc (t), δ(t) represents the dust loss, ε MPPT Indicates dynamic compensation of MPPT efficiency.

[0116] The energy storage data acquisition and analysis module constructs the state of charge of the energy storage device through basic estimation items and extended Kalman filter estimation items;

[0117] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the state of charge of the energy storage device is:

[0118]

[0119] Where SOC(t) represents the state of charge at time t, θ 1 and θ 2 represents the estimated coefficient, SOC(t 0 ) represents the initial time t 0 The state of charge, C bat Represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, I charge (τ) represents the charging current, I discharge (τ) represents the discharge current, τ represents the integral variable, SOC EKF represents the estimation term based on the extended Kalman filter, θ 1 and θ 2 Satisfy θ 1 +θ 2 =1.

[0120] The charge and discharge management module builds an energy balance relationship based on the net power, photovoltaic module power and total power of the smart home, determines the charge and discharge based on the net power, and builds the charge and discharge control formula based on the net power, rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage device and the state of charge.

[0121] Furthermore, the energy balance relationship is expressed as: net (t) = P PV (t)-P home (t), where P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, P home (t) represents the total power of the smart home at time t;

[0122] When the net power is positive, the charging control formula of the energy storage device is:

[0123]

[0124] Among them, P charge (t) represents the charging power of the energy storage device at time t, P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P maxIndicates the maximum charging power of the energy storage device, SOC max represents the maximum safe charge of the energy storage device, SOC(t) represents the current battery charge, C bat represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, Δt represents the time interval;

[0125] When the net power is negative, the discharge control formula of the energy storage device is:

[0126]

[0127] Among them, P discharge (t) represents the discharge power of the energy storage device at time t, Represents the maximum discharge power of the energy storage device, |P net (t)| represents the absolute value of the net power at time t, SOC min Indicates the minimum charge for safety of energy storage equipment;

[0128] Construct the notch power, the formula is: P gap (t) = P home (t)-[P PV (t)+P discharge (t)], where P gap (t) represents the notch power, if P gap If (t) is greater than 0, power is supplemented from the grid.

[0129] Furthermore, the charge and discharge management module also includes an energy storage grid-connected optimization unit, which is used to adjust the discharge power according to the consistency algorithm. If the gap power is greater than 0, the power distribution of the grid, photovoltaic components and energy storage equipment is performed based on the consistency algorithm. Table 3 shows the power monitoring results and charge and discharge control results.

[0130] Table 3. Charge and discharge control results

[0131]

[0132] The four-dimensional compensation matrix of the smart home analysis module reduces the transient power monitoring error from ±5% to ±0.8%, accurately capturing the millisecond-level energy consumption fluctuations caused by equipment start-up and shutdown; the photovoltaic module power integrates irradiance, temperature, dust loss and dynamic MPPT efficiency compensation to improve the accuracy of power generation monitoring by 15%; the energy storage module adopts the extended Kalman filter and Coulomb counting fusion method to make the charge state estimation error less than 1%, and the charge and discharge management module dynamically decides the charging and discharging strategy through net power, gives priority to photovoltaic power generation, and coordinates the real-time power distribution of the power grid, photovoltaic modules and energy storage based on the consistency algorithm, providing high-precision, high-reliability and long-life management for home energy systems.

[0133] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart home, characterized in that: include: The smart home analysis module includes an equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit and a smart home information management unit. The equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit constructs a four-dimensional compensation matrix through temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation and aging compensation to correct transient power and obtain the compensated transient power of the smart home. The photovoltaic module power monitoring module constructs the photovoltaic module power through theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation; The energy storage data acquisition and analysis module constructs the state of charge of the energy storage device through basic estimation items and extended Kalman filter estimation items; The charge and discharge management module builds an energy balance relationship based on the net power, photovoltaic module power and total power of the smart home, determines the charge and discharge based on the net power, and builds the charge and discharge control formula based on the net power, rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage device and the state of charge.

2. A photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for an IoT smart home according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the transient power is: Among them, P(t) represents the transient power at time t, min() represents the minimum function, f represents the fundamental frequency, v(ξ) represents the voltage, i(ξ) represents the current, ξ represents the integral variable, and λ represents the dynamic response coefficient. represents the derivative of voltage, represents the derivative of the current; A four-dimensional compensation matrix is ​​constructed to correct the transient power. The correction formula is: Where P final (t) represents the instantaneous power after compensation, P(t) represents the instantaneous power at time t, α1 and α2 represent the weight coefficients of the temperature change ΔT, α3 represents the weight coefficient of the magnetic field intensity B, and f c represents the nominal clock frequency, Δf represents the deviation between the actual clock frequency and the nominal clock frequency, e represents the natural base, and α4 represents the aging coefficient.

3. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for the Internet of Things smart home according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The smart home information management unit is used to obtain and process the compensated transient power of all monitored smart homes to obtain the total power P of the smart home at time t. home (t).

4. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for the Internet of Things smart home according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The formula for photovoltaic module power is: Among them, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, represents conversion efficiency, A represents the area of ​​PV modules, G(t) represents the solar irradiance at time t, and γ represents the corrected module temperature T c (t), δ(t) represents the dust loss, ε MPPT Indicates dynamic compensation of MPPT efficiency.

5. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart home according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the state of charge of the energy storage device is: Among them, SOC(t) represents the state of charge at time t, θ1 and θ2 represent the estimation coefficients, SOC(t0) represents the state of charge at the initial time t0, C bat Represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, I charge (τ) represents the charging current, I discharge (τ) represents the discharge current, τ represents the integral variable, SOC EKF Represents the estimation term based on the extended Kalman filter, θ1 and θ2 satisfy θ1+θ2=1.

6. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for the Internet of Things smart home according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy balance relationship is: net (t) = P PV (t)-P home (t), where P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, P home (t) represents the total power of the smart home at time t; When the net power is positive, the charging control formula of the energy storage device is: Among them, P charge (t) represents the charging power of the energy storage device at time t, P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P max Indicates the maximum charging power of the energy storage device, SOC max represents the maximum safe charge of the energy storage device, SOC(t) represents the current battery charge, C bat represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, Δt represents the time interval; When the net power is negative, the discharge control formula of the energy storage device is: Among them, P discharge (t) represents the discharge power of the energy storage device at time t, Represents the maximum discharge power of the energy storage device, |P net (t)| represents the absolute value of the net power at time t, SOC min Indicates the minimum charge for safety of energy storage equipment; Construct the notch power, the formula is: P gap (t) = P home (t)-[P PV (t)+P discharge (t)], where P gap (t) represents the notch power, if P gap If (t) is greater than 0, power is supplemented from the grid.

7. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart home according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charge and discharge management module also includes an energy storage grid-connected optimization unit, which is used to adjust the discharge power according to the consistency algorithm. If the gap power is greater than 0, the power distribution of the grid, photovoltaic components and energy storage equipment is carried out based on the consistency algorithm.

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