Development and ventilation method for deep ramp

Abstract

The invention relates to a deep ramp development ventilation method, which comprises the following steps of: when a ramp is downwards developed to a certain depth, constructing an air inlet shaft connection roadway on a side wall footwall of the ramp, constructing an inverted section air inlet shaft from the upper part to be communicated with the inverted section air inlet shaft, constructing a closed brick wall in the connection roadway, and performing press-in ventilation by utilizing a local fan. And after the slope ramp is developed downwards for a certain distance, temporary fan drift transformation is conducted on the slope ramp connection roadway close to the working face, a closed brick wall is constructed, ice blocks are arranged in the brick wall, and after fresh air flow transmitted from the upper portion is cooled, press-in type ventilation is conducted through a local fan. And after the slope ramp is exploited for a certain depth, repeatedly constructing an air inlet shaft connection roadway and an inverted air inlet shaft, removing all ventilation facilities and closed brick walls at the upper part after the connection roadway and the inverted air inlet shaft are communicated, constructing the closed brick walls in the connection roadway, and performing press-in type ventilation by utilizing a local fan. And the ventilation mode is adopted until the slope ramp is exploited. The ventilation environment of the deep slope ramp development working face is further improved by introducing fresh air flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mining and relates to a method for improving the ventilation environment of the development working face of deep inclined shafts. This method is mainly applicable to the development of underground deep inclined shafts. The so-called deep inclined shaft refers to an inclined shaft with a buried depth underground exceeding 800 m. Background Art

[0002] As the prior art, in the development of deep inclined shafts, due to the fact that the ventilation system has not been formed yet, only local fan blowers can be used for forced ventilation. Since fresh air flow cannot be introduced in this way, the ventilation of the local fan blower becomes a dirty air circulation, the air quality of the working face is poor, the environmental temperature is high, and it is difficult to meet the requirements for improving the ventilation environment of the working face. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ventilation method for the development of deep inclined shafts, which can further improve the ventilation environment of the development working face of deep inclined shafts by introducing fresh air flow.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A ventilation method for the development of deep inclined shafts. When the inclined shaft is developed downward to a certain depth, an air intake shaft connection roadway is constructed at the lower wall of the side wall of the inclined shaft. After the inverted-section air intake shaft is constructed from the upper part and connected with this connection roadway, a sealed brick wall is constructed in this connection roadway, and a local fan is used for forced ventilation; when the inclined shaft is developed downward for another section of distance, the connection roadway of the inclined shaft close to the working face is transformed into a temporary air shaft, a sealed brick wall is constructed and ice blocks are placed in the temporary air shaft. After cooling the fresh air flow transmitted from the upper part, a local fan is used for forced ventilation; when the inclined shaft is developed downward by a certain depth again, the air intake shaft connection roadway and the inverted-section air intake shaft are constructed repeatedly. After connection, all the upper ventilation facilities and the sealed brick wall are demolished, and a sealed brick wall is constructed in this connection roadway, and a local fan is used for forced ventilation.

[0005] The ventilation method for the development of deep inclined shafts includes the following steps: 1) Relay the development of the deep inclined shaft by extending downward the already constructed upper inclined shaft; the construction of the air intake pipe and cable shaft connection roadway and the air intake pipe and cable shaft has been completed in the corresponding sectional roadway at the lower part of the already constructed inclined shaft; in the air intake pipe and cable shaft connection roadway, the first drill chamber is constructed vertically to the air intake pipe and cable shaft connection roadway; 2) Construct an air intake shaft connection roadway at the lower wall of the side wall of the deep inclined shaft; at a position 3 m to 5 m inward from the opening of the air intake shaft connection roadway, the second drill chamber is constructed vertically to the air intake shaft connection roadway; in the first drill chamber, a reverse well drill is used to construct the inverted-section air intake shaft to connect with the air intake shaft connection roadway; inward from the opening of the air intake shaft connection roadway, beyond the opening of the second drill chamber, a sealed brick wall is constructed, and the local fan blower is installed in the sealed brick wall; outside the sealed brick wall, the air duct is connected to the air outlet end of this local fan blower; 3) For every certain distance of construction of the deep ramp, a ramp connection roadway is constructed on one side perpendicular to the deep ramp; a temporary air shaft communicating with the air duct is set up in one of the ramp connection roadways, and a closed brick wall is constructed at the entrance of the temporary air shaft; a local fan is installed in the closed brick wall, and the air outlet end of the local fan is connected to the air duct; and ice blocks are placed on the floor of the temporary air shaft. 4) An intake shaft connection roadway is further constructed on the footwall of the side wall of the deep ramp, and at a position 3 m to 5 m inward from the opening of the intake shaft connection roadway, a third drill chamber is constructed perpendicular to the intake shaft connection roadway; a raise boring machine is used in the second drill chamber to construct a reverse-section intake shaft to penetrate through the intake shaft connection roadway; a closed brick wall is constructed inward from the opening of the intake shaft connection roadway beyond the opening position of the third drill chamber, and the local fan is installed in the closed brick wall; a closed brick wall is constructed at the opening of the upper intake shaft connection roadway.

[0006] Preferably, in step 2), the reverse-section intake shaft is a vertical shaft.

[0007] Preferably, in step 3), the air supply capacity of the local fan in the temporary air shaft is less than that of the upper local fan.

[0008] Preferably, in step 3), a air door is installed in the closed brick wall for the personnel adding ice blocks to enter and exit.

[0009] Preferably, in step 4), when constructing the closed brick wall at the opening of the upper intake shaft connection roadway, the closed brick wall encloses the second drill chamber inside.

[0010] Preferably, in step 4), before installing the local fan and the closed brick wall in the intake shaft connection roadway, the local fan, air duct and closed brick wall installed in the upper intake shaft connection roadway are removed, and the local fan, air duct, ice blocks and closed brick wall installed in the temporary air shaft are removed.

[0011] The positive effects of the present invention are as follows: First, the fresh air flow from the upper part is transmitted to the development working face of the deep ramp through the reverse-section intake shaft and the local fan, improving the ventilation environment of the working face. By constructing the reverse-section intake shaft and using the local fan, the present invention can transmit the fresh air flow from the upper part to the working face of the deep ramp, improving the air quality of the working face and making it easier to cool the working environment, achieving the purpose of improving the ventilation environment of the working face.

[0012] Second, by adopting the temporary air shaft cooling technology, the temperature of the fresh air flow can be further reduced, improving the ventilation environment of the working face. By placing ice blocks in the temporary air shaft, the present invention can further reduce the temperature of the fresh air flow transmitted from the upper part to the temporary air shaft, and then use the local fan to transport the cooled fresh air flow to the development working face of the deep ramp, further improving the ventilation environment of the working face.

[0013] Thirdly, the ventilation environment is good, the operation efficiency is high, and the occupational hazards of the operators are reduced. By constructing according to the development ventilation method of the present invention, the ventilation environment of the ramp development working face is improved. On the one hand, the tunneling operation efficiency can be effectively improved; on the other hand, the occupational hazards of the environment to the operators can also be effectively reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a plan view before the construction of the deep ramp of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 the plan view during the construction process; Figure 3 is Figure 2 the longitudinal projection view of; Figure 4 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along line I-I of; Figure 5 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along line II-II of; In the figure: 1 - the constructed ramp; 2 - the sectional roadway; 3 - the intake airway cable shaft connection roadway; 4 - the intake airway cable shaft; 5 - the deep ramp; 6 - the ramp connection roadway; 7 - the drill chamber; 8 - the inverted section intake shaft; 9 - the intake shaft connection roadway; 10 - the local fan; 11 - the closed brick wall; 12 - the air duct; 13 - the temporary air drift; 14 - the ice block; 15 - the air door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , an embodiment of the present invention for a deep ramp development ventilation method includes the following steps: Step 1: Relay the constructed ramp 1 in the upper part and continue to extend the deep ramp 5 downward.

[0017] Among them, the construction of the intake airway cable shaft connection roadway 3 and the intake airway cable shaft 4 has been completed in the sectional roadway 2 corresponding to the lowermost part of the constructed ramp 1 (that is, in the previous production, the construction of the sectional roadway 2 corresponding to the lowermost part has been completed using the constructed ramp 1, and the construction of the intake airway cable shaft connection roadway 3 and the intake airway cable shaft 4 has been completed in the sectional roadway 2). In the intake airway cable shaft connection roadway 3, the first drill chamber 7 is constructed vertically along the intake airway cable shaft connection roadway 3.

[0018] The construction of Step 1 is completed, forming a downward transmission channel for fresh air flow. After the fresh air flow in the upper part is introduced through the air inlet pipe and cable shaft 4, it can be successively transmitted to the deep part through the air inlet pipe and cable shaft connecting roadway 3 and the first drill chamber 7 for subsequent ventilation of the deep ramp working face.

[0019] In Step 2, when the deep ramp 5 is developed downward to a certain depth, an air inlet shaft connecting roadway 9 for downward transmission of fresh air flow is constructed in the footwall of the sidewall of the deep ramp 5. At a position 3 m to 5 m inside the opening of the air inlet shaft connecting roadway 9, the second drill chamber 7 is constructed vertically to the air inlet shaft connecting roadway 9; in the first drill chamber 7, a raise boring machine is used to construct a reverse-section air inlet shaft 8 to penetrate through the air inlet shaft connecting roadway 9. At this point, the air inlet end of the reverse-section air inlet shaft 8 is connected to the air inlet pipe and cable shaft connecting roadway 3 through the first drill chamber 7, and the air outlet end is connected to the air inlet shaft connecting roadway 9.

[0020] At a position more than 3 m inside the opening of the air inlet shaft connecting roadway 9 and exceeding the opening position of the second drill chamber 7 in this roadway, a closed brick wall 11 is constructed, and the local fan 10 is installed in the closed brick wall 11 (Note: the air inlet end of the local fan 10 is first connected to the air inlet shaft connecting roadway 9, and the innermost part of the air inlet shaft connecting roadway 9 is the reverse-section air inlet shaft 8). Outside the closed brick wall 11, the air duct 12 is connected to the air outlet end of the local fan 10. At this point, the air inlet end of the local fan 10 in the closed brick wall 11 is connected to the air inlet shaft connecting roadway 9, and the air outlet end is connected to the air duct 12. The local fan 10 conducts forced ventilation through the air duct 12 to achieve the purpose of downward transmission of fresh air flow.

[0021] After the construction of Step 2 is completed, the following functions are realized: the fresh air flow is introduced through the air inlet pipe and cable shaft 4, and this fresh air flow successively flows through the air inlet pipe and cable shaft connecting roadway 3, the first drill chamber 7, the reverse-section air inlet shaft 8, the air inlet shaft connecting roadway 9, the local fan 10 and enters the air duct 12, and the fresh air flow is transmitted downward through the air duct 12. The fresh air flow transmitted is provided to the working face of the deep ramp 5 in the early stage, and is used to supply air to the subsequent temporary air drift 13 in the later stage, and then the temporary air drift 13 is used to continue supplying air to the working face below.

[0022] Step 3: During the downward development of the deep ramp 5, every time about 150 m is constructed, a ramp connecting roadway 6 with a length of 10 m is constructed perpendicular to one side of the deep ramp 5 (Note: After the deep ramp 5 is constructed, the crossheading or sectional roadway 2 is constructed from the ramp connecting roadway 6. Before the deep ramp 5 is completely constructed, generally the crossheading or sectional roadway 2 is not constructed, or only a few crossheadings or sectional roadways 2 are constructed according to production needs). When the deep ramp 5 continues to be developed downward for a certain distance, in order to reduce the temperature of the fresh air flow in the air duct 12 of the local fan 10, a temporary air shaft 13 is set up in a ramp connecting roadway 6 that has been constructed near the working face of the deep ramp 5. The length of the temporary air shaft 13 is 6 m. A closed brick wall 11 is constructed at the entrance of the temporary air shaft 13. The space inside the temporary air shaft 13 is connected to the air duct 12 described in Step 2. A local fan 10 is installed in the closed brick wall 11. The air inlet end of the local fan 10 is connected to the temporary air shaft 13, and the air outlet end is connected to the air duct 12 for delivering air downward. A certain number of ice blocks 14 are placed on the bottom plate of the temporary air shaft 13. Using the temporary air shaft 13, forced ventilation is carried out downward through the local fan 10 connected to the air duct 12.

[0023] Note: The fresh air flow from the intake shaft connecting roadway 9 enters the air duct 12 through the local fan 10 and is delivered downward through the air duct 12 to provide fresh air flow for the working face of the deep ramp 5. When the distance between the working face of the deep ramp 5 and the local fan 10 is relatively close, the temperature of the fresh air flow is relatively low and can meet the ventilation needs of the working face. As the deep ramp 5 extends, the distance between the working face of the deep ramp 5 and the local fan 10 becomes farther. Affected by the surrounding high-temperature environment, the temperature of the fresh air flow reaching the working face is relatively high and it is difficult to meet the ventilation needs of the working face. To solve this problem, ventilation transformation is carried out in a ramp connecting roadway 6 that has been developed in the deep ramp 5, which is transformed into a temporary air shaft 13 with ice blocks 14 placed inside. After the fresh air flow transmitted from the upper part is cooled in the temporary air shaft 13, the local fan 10 is used to press air from this transformed temporary air shaft 13.

[0024] After the construction of Step 3 is completed, the following functions are achieved: The fresh air flow is pressed into the air duct 12 through the local fan 10 installed in the closed brick wall 11 of the intake shaft connecting roadway 9, is delivered downward through the air duct 12 to the temporary air shaft 13 and cooled by the ice blocks 14, and then is pressed into the air duct 12 through the local fan 10 installed in the closed brick wall 11 at the entrance of the temporary air shaft 13, and the fresh air flow is continuously delivered downward through this air duct 12 to the tunneling working face.

[0025] Considering the air leakage of the air duct 12, the air supply capacity of the local fan 10 in the temporary air shaft 13 should be less than the air supply capacity of the upper local fan 10.

[0026] In addition, an air door 15 for personnel to enter and exit is also installed in the closed brick wall 11, so that ice blocks 14 can be added at any time as needed to meet the requirements of air flow cooling.

[0027] Step 4: When the deep ramp 5 is further developed downward to a certain depth, an air intake shaft connecting roadway 9 is constructed on the footwall of the sidewall of the deep ramp 5. At a position 3 m to 5 m from the opening of the air intake shaft connecting roadway 9 and inward, a third drill chamber 7 is constructed perpendicular to the air intake shaft connecting roadway 9. In the second drill chamber 7 of the upper air intake shaft connecting roadway 9, a raise boring machine is used to construct an inverted-section air intake shaft 8 to communicate with the air intake shaft connecting roadway 9.

[0028] After penetration, the local fan 10, air duct 12, and closed brick wall 11 installed in the upper air intake shaft connecting roadway 9 are removed, and the local fan 10, air duct 12, ice blocks 14, and closed brick wall 11 installed in the temporary air drift 13 are removed. A new closed brick wall 11 is constructed near the opening of the upper air intake shaft connecting roadway 9 to ensure that the closed brick wall 11 encloses the upper second drill chamber 7 inside; inside the opening of this air intake shaft connecting roadway 9 and inward, at a position 3 m beyond the opening position of the third drill chamber 7 in this roadway, a closed brick wall 11 is constructed, and the local fan 10 is installed in the closed brick wall. After the local fan 10 is connected to the air duct 12, forced downward ventilation is carried out.

[0029] After the construction of Step 4 is completed, the following functions are realized: Fresh air flow is introduced through the air intake pipe and cable shaft 4, and this fresh air flow successively flows through the air intake pipe and cable shaft connecting roadway 3, the first drill chamber 7, the upper inverted-section air intake shaft 8, the upper air intake shaft connecting roadway 9, the second drill chamber 7, the inverted-section air intake shaft 8 in the current air intake shaft connecting roadway 9, the current air intake shaft connecting roadway 9, and is pressed into the air duct 12 by the local fan 10 installed in the closed brick wall 11 of the current air intake shaft connecting roadway 9, and then the fresh air flow is conveyed downward through the air duct 12 to the tunneling face.

[0030] When the deep ramp 5 continues to be developed downward, in accordance with Steps 3 to 4 above, the temporary air drift 13 is transformed, the air intake shaft connecting roadway 9, the drill chamber 7, and the inverted-section air intake shaft 8 are constructed in a cycle, and the closed brick wall 11 is constructed), and the local fan is installed for forced ventilation until the development of the deep ramp 5 is completed.

[0031] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep ramp development ventilation method, characterized by: When the ramp is developed downward to a certain depth, an air intake shaft connecting tunnel is constructed at the lower wall of the ramp side. After the reverse air intake shaft constructed from the upper part is connected with the connecting tunnel, a closed brick wall is constructed in the connecting tunnel, and forced ventilation is carried out with local fans. When the ramp is further developed downward for a certain distance, a temporary air tunnel is transformed into the ramp connecting tunnel close to the working face, a closed brick wall is constructed, and ice is placed in the temporary air tunnel. After the fresh air flow transmitted from the upper part is cooled, forced ventilation is carried out with local fans. When the ramp is further developed downward to a certain depth, the air intake shaft connecting tunnel and the reverse air intake shaft are repeatedly constructed. After the connection is completed, all ventilation facilities and closed brick walls on the upper part are removed, and closed brick walls are constructed in the connecting tunnel, and forced ventilation is carried out with local fans.

2. The deep ramp development ventilation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that The following steps are involved: 1) The constructed ramp at the upper part of the relay is developed to extend the deep ramp downward; the construction of the air inlet cable shaft connecting lane and the air inlet cable shaft has been completed in the corresponding segmented lane at the lower part of the constructed ramp; in the air inlet cable shaft connecting lane, the first drilling rig chamber is constructed vertically in the air inlet cable shaft connecting lane; 2) Construct an air intake shaft connection tunnel at the bottom wall of the deep ramp sidewall; construct a second drilling rig chamber vertically to the air intake shaft connection tunnel 3m to 5m inward from the opening of the air intake shaft connection tunnel; use a reverse well drilling rig to construct the reverse section of the air intake shaft and the air intake shaft connection tunnel in the first drilling rig chamber; construct a closed brick wall inward from the opening of the air intake shaft connection tunnel beyond the opening of the second drilling rig chamber, and install the local fan in the closed brick wall; connect the air duct to the air outlet of the local fan outside the closed brick wall; 3) For each distance of the deep ramp, a ramp connecting tunnel is constructed perpendicular to the deep ramp; a temporary wind tunnel connected to the wind duct is set in one of the ramp connecting tunnels, and a closed brick wall is constructed at the entrance of the temporary wind tunnel; a local fan is installed in the closed brick wall, and the air outlet of the local fan is connected to the wind duct; and ice is placed on the bottom plate of the temporary wind tunnel; 4) Construct an air intake shaft connecting tunnel at the lower wall of the deep ramp sidewall, and construct the third drilling chamber perpendicular to the air intake shaft connecting tunnel 3m to 5m inward from the opening of the air intake shaft connecting tunnel; use a reverse drilling rig to construct a reverse section of the air intake shaft in the second drilling chamber to connect it with the air intake shaft connecting tunnel; construct a closed brick wall inward from the opening of the air intake shaft connecting tunnel beyond the opening of the third drilling chamber, and install the local fan in the closed brick wall; construct a closed brick wall at the opening of the upper air intake shaft connecting tunnel.

3. The deep ramp development ventilation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2), the reverse section air inlet shaft is a vertical shaft.

4. The deep ramp development ventilation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 3), the air supply capacity of the local fan in the temporary wind tunnel is less than the air supply capacity of the upper local fan.

5. The deep ramp development ventilation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 3), a damper is installed in the closed brick wall for the entry and exit of personnel adding ice.

6. The deep ramp development ventilation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 4), when constructing a closed brick wall at the opening of the upper air intake shaft connecting tunnel, the closed brick wall seals the second drilling rig chamber inside.

7. The deep ramp development ventilation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 4), before installing the local fans and closed brick walls in the connecting tunnel of the air inlet shaft, remove the local fans, wind ducts and closed brick walls installed in the connecting tunnel of the upper air inlet shaft, and remove the local fans, wind ducts, ice blocks and closed brick walls installed in the temporary air tunnel.

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