Antenna array structure, antenna and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna array structure, an antenna and communication equipment, relates to the technical field of communication, and aims to solve the problem of poor antenna radiation gain. The antenna provided by the invention comprises a reflecting plate, an oscillator and a parasitic structure, the reflecting plate is provided with a reflecting surface, the oscillator and the parasitic structure are both arranged on one side of the reflecting surface, and the parasitic structure is coupled with the oscillator; wherein the vertical projection of the parasitic structure and the vertical projection of the oscillator on the reflecting surface are not overlapped, the distance between the parasitic structure and the oscillator is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 lambda, and lambda is the wavelength of electromagnetic waves of the lowest frequency point radiated by the oscillator, which are propagated in the space. In the antenna array structure provided by the invention, the electromagnetic wave radiated by the oscillator can generate induction current in the parasitic structure, so that the parasitic structure generates secondary radiation, the electromagnetic wave radiated by the oscillator and the electromagnetic wave radiated by the parasitic structure can be effectively superposed, the beam width of the antenna can be effectively narrowed, and the radiation aperture of the antenna can be improved. Therefore, the effect of improving the antenna radiation gain is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna array structure, an antenna, and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of communication technologies, base station antennas are also developing towards broadband and miniaturization. For example, multiple oscillators can be placed in a base station antenna to improve the channel capacity and bandwidth of the base station antenna. Due to space limitations, the distance between adjacent oscillators is generally small, which inevitably causes electromagnetic coupling between different oscillators. The electromagnetic coupling between oscillators not only increases power loss but also causes signal distortion, thus reducing the performance of the base station antenna. Therefore, how to reduce the electromagnetic coupling between oscillators has become a technical problem to be urgently solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In a first aspect, this application provides an antenna array structure, including a reflector, an oscillator, and a parasitic structure. The reflector has a reflecting surface, the oscillator and the parasitic structure are both disposed on one side of the reflecting surface, and the parasitic structure is coupled to the oscillator. Among them, the vertical projections of the parasitic structure and the oscillator on the reflecting surface do not overlap, and the distance between the parasitic structure and the oscillator is greater than or equal to 1 / 4λ, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the oscillator propagating in space at the lowest frequency point. In the antenna array structure provided in this application, by configuring the parasitic structure, the beam width can be effectively narrowed, which is beneficial to improving the gain strength of the antenna. The parasitic structure is coupled to the oscillator, and the electromagnetic wave radiated by the oscillator can generate an induced current in the parasitic structure, so that the parasitic structure generates secondary radiation. In addition, since the distance between the parasitic structure and the oscillator is greater than or equal to 1 / 4λ. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave radiated by the oscillator and the electromagnetic wave radiated by the parasitic structure can be effectively superimposed, the beam width of the antenna can be effectively narrowed, and the radiation aperture of the antenna can be increased, thereby achieving the effect of improving the radiation gain of the antenna.

[0004] When specifically setting, the distance between the parasitic structure and the oscillator is less than or equal to 3 / 4λ. That is, the distance between the parasitic structure and the oscillator can be any value greater than or equal to 1 / 4λ and less than or equal to 3 / 4λ to ensure effective coupling between the parasitic structure and the oscillator.

[0005] In an example, the oscillator and the parasitic structure are located in the same plane, and the plane is parallel to the reflecting surface. By arranging the oscillator and the parasitic structure in the same plane, it is beneficial to reduce the profile height of the antenna array structure and achieve a flat design.

[0006] In specific settings, the antenna array structure includes multiple oscillators and multiple parasitic structures. The multiple oscillators and the multiple parasitic structures are coupled in one-to-one correspondence. By setting multiple oscillators, the signal transceiver performance of the antenna array structure can be effectively improved. In addition, each oscillator is equipped with a corresponding parasitic structure, which can effectively narrow the beam width of the antenna and increase the antenna radiation aperture, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the antenna radiation gain.

[0007] In one example, the antenna array structure includes multiple oscillators and at least one parasitic structure. The multiple oscillators include a first oscillator and a second oscillator, and the second oscillator is an oscillator adjacent to the first oscillator. The at least one parasitic structure includes a first parasitic structure, and the first parasitic structure is coupled to the first oscillator and is located outside the second oscillator. Setting the first parasitic structure outside the second oscillator can effectively improve the space utilization rate and help to arrange more oscillators and parasitic structures within a limited area.

[0008] In specific settings, the second oscillator and the first parasitic structure are an integrated structure. Through the integrated structure setting, the integration degree of the antenna array structure can be effectively improved, and the convenience in manufacturing and assembly can be enhanced.

[0009] In one example, the at least one parasitic structure further includes a second parasitic structure. The second parasitic structure is coupled to the second oscillator and is located outside the first oscillator. By setting the second parasitic structure, the radiation aperture of the antenna can be further increased, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the antenna radiation gain.

[0010] In specific settings, the first oscillator and the second parasitic structure are an integrated structure. Through the integrated structure setting, the integration degree of the antenna array structure can be effectively improved, and the convenience in manufacturing and assembly can be enhanced.

[0011] In one example, the equivalent electrical length dimension of the parasitic structure is greater than 1 / 2λ to effectively increase the radiation aperture and radiation gain of the antenna. The equivalent electrical length of the parasitic structure refers to the ratio of the signal wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the parasitic structure to π, and the equivalent electrical length of the parasitic structure is generally measured through simulation. Here, the signal wavelength can be considered as the above-mentioned λ. In practical applications, the physical dimension parameters such as the length, cross-sectional area, and shape of the parasitic structure are the main factors determining its equivalent electrical length. In addition, the dielectric strength of the parasitic structure is also the main factor determining its equivalent electrical length.

[0012] In one example, the oscillator can specifically be a dual-polarized oscillator. The oscillator includes a first oscillator arm and a second oscillator arm, and the first oscillator arm and the second oscillator arm are orthogonally arranged. The parasitic structure includes a first coupling arm and a second coupling arm, and the first coupling arm and the second coupling arm are orthogonally arranged; wherein, the first coupling arm is coupled to the first oscillator arm, and the second coupling arm is coupled to the second oscillator arm.

[0013] In specific settings, the parasitic structure is cross-shaped, and the first coupling arm and the second coupling arm are orthogonally arranged. Among them, the included angle between the first vibrating arm and the first coupling arm is 0° or 45°. Or it can be understood that in actual applications, the relative spatial attitude between the parasitic structure and the oscillator can be flexibly adjusted, with good applicability.

[0014] In one example, the parasitic structure is a rectangular frame, and a part of the sides in the rectangular frame form the first coupling arm, and the other part of the sides form the second coupling arm.

[0015] Generally speaking, the part of the parasitic structure that is coupled to the first vibrating arm can be regarded as the first coupling arm, and the part that is coupled to the second vibrating arm can be regarded as the second coupling arm.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present application also provides an antenna, including a feeding network and the above-mentioned antenna array structure. The feeding network is connected to the oscillator for feeding to send a feeding signal to the oscillator to excite the oscillator to radiate wireless signals outward. In the antenna, by configuring the above-mentioned antenna array structure, the beam width can be effectively narrowed, which is beneficial to improving the gain intensity of the antenna. The parasitic structure is coupled to the oscillator, and the electromagnetic wave radiated by the oscillator can generate an induced current in the parasitic structure, so that the parasitic structure generates secondary radiation. In addition, since the distance between the parasitic structure and the oscillator is greater than or equal to 1 / 4λ. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave radiated by the oscillator and the electromagnetic wave radiated by the parasitic structure can be effectively superimposed, which can effectively narrow the beam width of the antenna and increase the antenna radiation aperture, thereby achieving the effect of improving the antenna radiation gain.

[0017] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a communication device, including a radio frequency processing unit and the above-mentioned antenna. The radio frequency processing unit is connected to the feeding network. By configuring the above-mentioned antenna, the beam width can be effectively narrowed, which is beneficial to improving the gain intensity of the communication device. The parasitic structure is coupled to the oscillator, and the electromagnetic wave radiated by the oscillator can generate an induced current in the parasitic structure, so that the parasitic structure generates secondary radiation. In addition, since the distance between the parasitic structure and the oscillator is greater than or equal to 1 / 4λ. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave radiated by the oscillator and the electromagnetic wave radiated by the parasitic structure can be effectively superimposed, which can effectively narrow the beam width of the antenna and increase the antenna radiation aperture, thereby achieving the effect of improving the antenna radiation gain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a simplified structure of a base station provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3Simplified structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 Planar structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 Side structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 Side structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 Side structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 Side structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 9 Planar structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 10 Side structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 11 Planar structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 12 Planar structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 13 Planar structural schematic diagram of an oscillator in another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 14 Planar structural schematic diagram of a parasitic structure in another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 15 Planar structural schematic diagram of a parasitic structure in another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 16 Side structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 17 Planar structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 18 Planar structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 19 Schematic side view of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 20 Schematic plan view of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 21 Schematic side view of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 22 Schematic plan view of a parasitic structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 23 Block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] To facilitate the understanding of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application, its application scenario will be introduced first below.

[0043] The antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied in communication devices such as base stations and radars to implement wireless communication functions.

[0044] Such as Figure 1As shown, the application scenario may include a base station and a terminal. Wireless communication can be achieved between the base station and the terminal. The base station may be located in a base bastion subsystem (BBS), a UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRAN) for cell coverage of wireless signals to enable communication between the terminal device and the wireless network. Specifically, the base station may be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communication (GSM) or a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, or a Node B (NB) in a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, or an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Or the base station may also be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and a g Node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or a base station in a future evolved network, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0045] In this application, the antenna can also be applied in an access network device, which is sometimes also referred to as an access node. The access network device has wireless transceiver functions and is used to communicate with terminals. The access network device includes, but is not limited to, the base station (base station), evolved NodeB (eNodeB), transmission reception point (TRP), next-generation base station (nextgeneration NodeB, gNB) in the 5G mobile communication system, next-generation base station in the 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, access network device or module in the open RAN (open RAN, ORAN) system, base station in the future mobile communication system, or access node in the WiFi system, etc. The access network device can also be a module or unit capable of implementing some functions of the base station. For example, the access network device can be the central unit (central unit, CU), distributed unit (distributed unit, DU), CU-control plane (control plane, CP), CU-user plane (user plane, UP), or radio unit (radio unit, RU) described below. Among them, in the ORAN system, the CU can also be called O-CU, the DU can also be called open (open, O)-DU, the CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be called O-CUP-UP, and the RU can also be called O-RU. The access network device can be a macro base station (such as Figure 2 110a in Figure 2 ), a micro base station or an indoor station (such as

[0046] 110b in Figure 2 Figure 2 ), a relay node or a donor node, or a radio controller in the cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN) scenario. Optionally, the access network device can also be a server, a wearable device, or a vehicle-mounted device, etc. For example, the access network device in the vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (road side unit, RSU). Multiple access network devices in the communication system can be of the same type of base station or different types of base stations. The base station can communicate with the terminal or communicate with the terminal through a relay station. The terminal can communicate with multiple base stations in different access technologies.

[0046] Such as Figure 2As shown, in a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application, it includes a base station antenna-feeder system. In practical applications, the base station antenna-feeder system mainly includes antenna 01, feeder 02, grounding device 03, etc. Antenna 01 is generally fixed on a pole 04, and the downward tilt angle of antenna 01 can be adjusted through an antenna adjustment fixing bracket 05 to adjust the signal coverage range of antenna 01 to a certain extent.

[0047] In addition, the base station may further include a radio frequency processing unit 06 and a baseband processing unit 20. For example, the radio frequency processing unit 06 can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signals received by antenna 01, and convert them into intermediate frequency signals or baseband signals and send them to the baseband processing unit 20, or the radio frequency processing unit 06 is used to perform up-conversion and amplification processing on the intermediate frequency signals sent by the baseband processing unit 20 and convert them into wireless signals through antenna 01 and send them out. The baseband processing unit 20 can be connected to the feeding network of antenna 01 through the radio frequency processing unit 06. In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 06 can also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 20 can also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0048] As Figure 2 shown, in a possible embodiment, the radio frequency processing unit 06 can be integrally provided with antenna 01, while the baseband processing unit 20 is located at the far end of antenna 01, and the radio frequency processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 can be connected through feeder 02. In another embodiment, it can also be that the radio frequency processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 are both located at the far end of antenna 01.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, antenna 01 applied in the base station may further include an antenna cover 011, a reflector 012 and a feeding network 013 located inside the antenna cover 011, where the reflector 012 can also be called a bottom plate. The main function of the feeding network 013 is to feed signals to the radiation component 014 according to a certain amplitude and phase, or to send the wireless signals received by the radiation component 014 to the baseband processing unit 20 of the base station according to a certain amplitude and phase. It can be understood that in specific implementation, the feeding network 013 may include at least one of devices such as a phase shifter, a combiner, a transmission or calibration network, or a filter. The present application does not limit the components, types, and functions that can be achieved by the feeding network 013.

[0050] Of course, the above-mentioned antenna 01 can also be applied to various other types of communication devices, and the present application does not limit the application scenarios of antenna 01.

[0051] For the radome 011, in terms of electrical performance, the radome 011 has good electromagnetic wave penetration, so it will not affect the normal transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves between the radiation component 014 and the outside world. In terms of mechanical performance, the radome 011 has good stress resistance and antioxidant properties, etc., so it can withstand the erosion of the harsh external environment.

[0052] The radiation component 014, which can also be called an oscillator, is a unit that constitutes the basic structure of the antenna. It can effectively transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. The radiation component 014 may include multiple oscillators, and the multiple oscillators can also be used in an array. In specific applications, the oscillators can be classified into types such as single polarization and dual polarization. When specifically configured, the type of oscillator can be reasonably selected according to actual needs.

[0053] With the continuous development of mobile communication technology, the fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G) has also been widely applied. As one of the key technologies of the 5G communication system, the massive multiple-input multiple-output technology (MIMO) can effectively increase the channel capacity. In the context of the massive multiple-input multiple-output technology, a large number of oscillators need to be arranged in the antenna. Moreover, on the premise of miniaturized design, the effective aperture of the antenna becomes smaller, and the coupling between the oscillators is also relatively obvious. The radiation pattern of the antenna is prone to distortion, reducing the gain of the antenna.

[0054] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna that can effectively narrow the beam width and achieve a large radiation gain.

[0055] In order to make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0056] Such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in an example provided in the present application, the antenna array structure in the antenna 10 includes a reflector 11, a vibrator 12 and a parasitic structure 13. The reflector 11 has a reflective surface 111, and the vibrator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 are both arranged on one side of the reflective surface 111. The parasitic structure 13 is coupled with the vibrator 12, and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the vibrator 12 can generate an induced current in the parasitic structure 13, thereby exciting the parasitic structure 13 to generate secondary radiation. Among them, the vertical projections of the parasitic structure 13 and the vibrator 12 on the reflective surface 111 do not overlap, and the distance between the parasitic structure 13 and the vibrator 12 is greater than or equal to 1 / 4λ, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the lowest frequency radiated by the vibrator 12 propagating in space. It should be noted that the parasitic structure 13 refers to a conductive structure that has a parasitic relationship with the vibrator 12, and the parasitic structure 13 generates secondary radiation relying on the electromagnetic waves generated by the vibrator 12. Specifically, when the electromagnetic wave generated by the vibrator 12 passes through the parasitic structure 13 , the electric field component in the electromagnetic wave causes the movement of charges in the parasitic structure 13 , generates an induced current in the parasitic structure 13 , and thus generates secondary radiation.

[0057] In the example provided in the present application, by configuring the parasitic structure 13 in the antenna 10, the beam width can be effectively narrowed, which is beneficial to improve the gain strength of the antenna 10. Specifically, in the example provided in the present application, the vibrator 12 is an active vibrator 12. The feeding network 14 can be arranged on the side of the reflector 11 away from the reflecting surface 111. The feeding network 14 is connected to the vibrator 12 for sending a feeding signal to the vibrator 12 so that the vibrator 12 radiates electromagnetic waves outward. The parasitic structure 13 is coupled with the vibrator 12, and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the vibrator 12 can generate an induced current in the parasitic structure 13, thereby causing the parasitic structure 13 to generate secondary radiation. In addition, since the distance between the parasitic structure 13 and the vibrator 12 is greater than or equal to 1 / 4λ. Therefore, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the vibrator 12 and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the parasitic structure 13 can be effectively superimposed, which can effectively narrow the beam width of the antenna 10 and improve the radiation aperture of the antenna 10, thereby achieving the effect of improving the radiation gain of the antenna 10.

[0058] In addition, in the example provided in the present application, the vertical projections of the vibrator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 on the reflecting surface 111 do not overlap, which can effectively reduce the cross-sectional height of the antenna 10 and is conducive to realizing a flat design of the antenna 10.

[0059] Specifically, if Figure 6 As shown, when the vertical projections of the vibrator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 on the reflecting surface 111 overlap, the distance between the vibrator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 is L1, and the distance between the vibrator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 in the direction perpendicular to the reflecting surface 111 is also L1. The distance between the vibrator 12 and the reflecting surface 111 is L2, and the cross-sectional height of the antenna 10 is approximately L1+L2.

[0060] As Figure 5 shown, when the vertical projections of the oscillator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 on the reflecting surface 111 do not overlap, the distance between the oscillator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 is L1. In the direction perpendicular to the reflecting surface 111, the distance between the oscillator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 is approximately zero, and the distance between the oscillator 12 and the reflecting surface 111 is L2. Then, the profile height of the antenna 10 is approximately L2. Therefore, the non - overlapping of the vertical projections of the oscillator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 on the reflecting surface 111 can effectively reduce the profile height of the antenna 10, which is beneficial to realizing the flat design of the antenna 10.

[0061] In specific settings, the distance between the oscillator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 can also be less than 3 / 4λ, so as to ensure the coupling effect between the oscillator 12 and the parasitic structure 13. That is, the distance between the oscillator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 can be any value from 1 / 4λ to 3 / 4λ. For example, the distance between the oscillator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 can specifically be 1 / 4λ, 2 / 5λ, 1 / 2λ, 3 / 5λ or 3 / 4λ, etc. In specific applications, the specific distance between the oscillator and the parasitic structure 13 can be reasonably selected and set according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0062] It should be noted that in the Figure 5 example provided, the oscillator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 are approximately in the same plane, and this plane is parallel to the reflecting surface 111. However, in actual applications, the oscillator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 can also be in different planes, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the reflecting surface 111, there can be a height deviation between the oscillator 12 and the parasitic structure 13.

[0063] In addition, in specific settings, the equivalent electrical length dimension of the parasitic structure 13 can be greater than 1 / 2λ, so as to effectively increase the radiation aperture and radiation gain of the antenna 10. In specific settings, the equivalent electrical length of the parasitic structure 13 can specifically be 3 / 5λ, 4 / 5λ, λ, 2λ, etc. In actual applications, the equivalent electrical length of the parasitic structure 13 can be reasonably set according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here. It should be noted that the distance between the parasitic structure 13 and the oscillator 12 is related to the wavelength λ of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the oscillator 12 propagating in space, and the equivalent electrical length of the parasitic structure 13 is also related to the wavelength λ of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the oscillator 12 propagating in space. Therefore, in actual applications, the distance between the parasitic structure 13 and the oscillator 12 and the equivalent electrical length of the parasitic structure 13 can be reasonably set according to this λ.

[0064] It should be noted that the equivalent electrical length of the parasitic structure 13 refers to the ratio of the signal wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the parasitic structure 13 to π, and the equivalent electrical length of the parasitic structure 13 is generally measured by simulation. Among them, this signal wavelength can be considered as the above-mentioned λ. In practical applications, physical dimension parameters such as the length, cross-sectional area, and shape of the parasitic structure 13 are the main factors determining its equivalent electrical length. In addition, the dielectric strength of the parasitic structure 13 is also the main factor determining its equivalent electrical length. When specifically setting, the physical dimensions and dielectric strength and other parameters of the parasitic structure 13 can be reasonably set according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0065] In addition, when specifically setting, the relative position between the oscillator 12 and the parasitic structure 13 can be diverse.

[0066] For example, as Figure 7 shown, in an example provided by the present application, the parasitic structure 13 is located on the side of the oscillator 12 away from the reflecting surface 111.

[0067] Or, as Figure 8 shown, in another example provided by the present application, the parasitic structure 13 is located on the side of the oscillator 12 close to the reflecting surface 111.

[0068] Or, as Figure 5 shown, in an example provided by the present application, the parasitic structure 13 and the oscillator 12 are located in the same plane, and this plane is substantially parallel to the reflecting surface 111. It should be noted that the parasitic structure 13 and the oscillator 12 being located in the same plane means that the parasitic structure 13 and the oscillator 12 are located in approximately the same plane. That is, in the direction perpendicular to the reflecting surface 111, there is no height difference or there is a small height difference between the parasitic structure 13 and the oscillator 12. This kind of position layout is beneficial to improving the integrated design of the antenna 10.

[0069] For example, in practical applications, the antenna 10 may include multiple oscillators 12, and the parasitic structure 13 can be integrally arranged with one of the oscillators 12.

[0070] To facilitate the understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the following will take the antenna 10 including two oscillators as an example for exemplary illustration. In addition, for the sake of distinction, one of the two oscillators will be defined as the first oscillator 12a, and the other as the second oscillator 12b.

[0071] Specifically, as Figure 9As shown, the antenna 10 includes a first oscillator 12a and a second oscillator 12b. Among them, the first oscillator 12a and the second oscillator 12b are two adjacent oscillators. The parasitic structure 13 is coupled to the first oscillator 12a. The first oscillator 12a, the second oscillator 12b, and the parasitic structure 13 are all located in the same plane, and the parasitic structure 13 is located outside the second oscillator 12.

[0072] In specific applications, the parasitic structure 13 and the second oscillator 12b can be integrally fabricated, which can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost of the antenna 10 and simplify the process flow, and can also improve the integration degree of the antenna 10.

[0073] In terms of structural types, the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13 can be composed of a printed circuit board (PCB) or a flexible printed circuit board (FPC). Specifically, conductive structures can be arranged in the printed circuit board or the flexible printed circuit board to form the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13. When fabricating, currently relatively mature processes for preparing circuit boards can be used for preparation, which have relatively low manufacturing costs and high reliability.

[0074] For example, as Figure 10 shown, the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13 are composed of a printed circuit board. The second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13 are respectively located on two surfaces of the dielectric substrate 15. It should be noted that in the Figure 10 example provided, for the convenience of displaying the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13, the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13 are respectively located on two surfaces of the dielectric substrate 15. However, in actual applications, the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13 can also be located on the same surface of the dielectric substrate 15, which will not be elaborated here.

[0075] Alternatively, in other examples, the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13 can be metal sheet metal parts. For example, processes such as stamping and cutting can be used to form the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13. Of course, it should be noted that in order to prevent short circuits between the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13, electrical insulation needs to be maintained between the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13. When specifically setting, processes such as insulating brackets or secondary injection molding can be used to process the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13, so as to fix the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13 into an integral structure.

[0076] In addition, through the integral structure setting, it is also beneficial to reduce the number of connectors used and simplify the assembly process flow.

[0077] Specifically, asFigure 10 As shown, in actual applications, connection components such as the insulating bracket 16 can be used to fix the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13 together on the reflector 11. That is, the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13 can be fixedly connected to the reflector 11 through the same connection component, which can reduce the number of connection components used and simplify the antenna 10 assembly process flow.

[0078] It can be understood that in other examples, the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13 can also be two independent structural components, that is, they may not be fixedly connected. In addition, the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13 can also be fixedly connected to the reflector 11 through different connection components, which will not be elaborated here.

[0079] In addition, in actual applications, a parasitic structure coupled to the second oscillator 12b can also be provided in the antenna 10 to further improve the radiation gain of the antenna 10.

[0080] For example, as Figure 11 shown, in the example provided in this application, the antenna 10 includes two parasitic structures, namely the parasitic structure 13a and the parasitic structure 13b. Among them, the parasitic structure 13a is coupled to the first oscillator 12a, and the parasitic structure 13b is coupled to the second oscillator 12b. Or it can be understood that the distance between the parasitic structure 13a and the first oscillator 12a can be any value from 1 / 4λa to 3 / 4λa, where λa is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first oscillator 12a propagating in space, to ensure effective coupling between the parasitic structure 13a and the first oscillator 12a. In addition, the distance between the parasitic structure 13b and the second oscillator 12b can be any value from 1 / 4λb to 3 / 4λb, where λb is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second oscillator 12b propagating in space, to ensure effective coupling between the parasitic structure 13b and the second oscillator 12b.

[0081] It should be noted that in actual applications, the operating frequency bands of the first oscillator 12a and the second oscillator 12b can be the same or different. When specifically setting, the operating frequency bands of the first oscillator 12a and the second oscillator 12b can be reasonably set according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0082] It can be understood that in the above example, an exemplary description is given taking the antenna 10 including two parasitic structures and two oscillators as an example. In actual applications, the antenna 10 can include more than two oscillators and more than two parasitic structures, and each oscillator is equipped with a corresponding coupled parasitic structure. Generally speaking, the antenna 10 can include multiple oscillators and multiple parasitic structures, and the multiple oscillators and multiple parasitic structures are coupled one by one.

[0083] In addition, in the example provided in Figure 11 the oscillator and the parasitic structure are both independent structural components and are separately and independently arranged on one side of the reflector 11.

[0084] In other examples, the oscillator and the parasitic structure can also be integrally arranged.

[0085] For example, as Figure 12 shown, in an example provided in the present application, two oscillators and two parasitic structures are shown. Specifically, the two oscillators are the first oscillator 12a and the second oscillator 12b respectively. The two parasitic structures are the parasitic structure 13a and the parasitic structure 13b respectively. Among them, the parasitic structure 13a is coupled with the first oscillator 12a, and the parasitic structure 13b is coupled with the second oscillator 12b. In addition, the first oscillator 12a and the parasitic structure 13b are integrally arranged, and the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13a are integrally arranged.

[0086] When specifically arranging, the specific structural types of the first oscillator 12a, the second oscillator 12b, the parasitic structure 13a, and the parasitic structure 13b can be reasonably selected and adjusted according to the actual situation. In addition, the integration method between the first oscillator 12a and the parasitic structure 13b and the integration method between the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13a can also be reasonably set according to actual requirements.

[0087] For example, as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, in an example provided in the present application, both the first oscillator 12a and the second oscillator 12b are dual-polarized oscillators.

[0088] Specifically, the first oscillator 12a includes a first oscillator arm 121a and a second oscillator arm 122a which are orthogonally arranged. The first oscillator arm 121a and the second oscillator arm 122a can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves in different polarization directions and have good signal transceiver performance. Correspondingly, the second oscillator 12b includes a first oscillator arm 121b and a second oscillator arm 122b which are orthogonally arranged. The first oscillator arm 121b and the second oscillator arm 122b can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves in different polarization directions and have good signal transceiver performance.

[0089] As Figure 12 and Figure 14 shown, both the parasitic structure 13a and the parasitic structure 13b are rectangular frame structures. Among them, the corner 131a of the parasitic structure 13a is coupled with the first oscillator arm 121a, and the corner 132a of the parasitic structure 13a is coupled with the second oscillator arm 122a. Correspondingly, the corner 131b of the parasitic structure 13b is coupled with the first oscillator arm 121b, and the corner 132b of the parasitic structure 13b is coupled with the second oscillator arm 122b.

[0090] When specifically setting, the first oscillator 12a and the parasitic structure 13b can be located in the same plane, and the parasitic structure 13b is located on the periphery of the first oscillator 12a. The second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13a can be located in the same plane, and the parasitic structure 13a is located on the periphery of the second oscillator 12b.

[0091] In addition, as Figure 15 shown, in another example provided by the present application, compared with the example shown in Figure 14 , the spatial postures of the parasitic structure 13a and the parasitic structure 13b are different. Or it can be understood that in the structure shown in Figure 15 , it can be considered that the parasitic structure 13a and the parasitic structure 13b shown in Figure 14 are formed by rotating counterclockwise by about 45°, and the first oscillator 12a and the second oscillator 12b can remain unchanged.

[0092] Specifically, please refer to Figure 13 and Figure 15 . In the example provided in Figure 15 , the side 133a of the parasitic structure 13a is coupled to the first vibrator arm 121a, and the side 134a of the parasitic structure 13a is coupled to the second vibrator arm 122a. Correspondingly, the side 133b of the parasitic structure 13b is coupled to the first vibrator arm 121b, and the side 134b of the parasitic structure 13b is coupled to the second vibrator arm 122b.

[0093] In addition, in the example provided in Figure 15 , limited by the size and shape, the space enclosed by the parasitic structure 13a may not be sufficient to accommodate the second oscillator 12b, and the space enclosed by the parasitic structure 13b may not be sufficient to accommodate the first oscillator 12a. Therefore, when integrating the parasitic structure 13a and the second oscillator 12b, the parasitic structure 13a and the second oscillator 12b can be arranged in layers. Correspondingly, when integrating the parasitic structure 13b and the first oscillator 12a, the parasitic structure 13b and the first oscillator 12a can be arranged in layers.

[0094] For example, as Figure 16 shown, in an example provided by the present application, the first oscillator 12a can be located on the upper plate surface of the dielectric substrate 15a, and the parasitic structure 13b can be located on the lower plate surface of the dielectric substrate 15a. Thus, the integrated setting of the first oscillator 12a and the parasitic structure 13b can be realized. The second oscillator 12b can be located on the upper plate surface of the dielectric substrate 15b, and the parasitic structure 13a can be located on the lower plate surface of the dielectric substrate 15b. Thus, the integrated setting of the second oscillator 12b and the parasitic structure 13a can be realized.

[0095] In addition, in the above example, the parasitic structures 13a and 13b are both rectangular frame structures for exemplary illustration.

[0096] In other examples, the parasitic structures 13a and 13b can also be of other shapes.

[0097] For example, as Figure 17 shown, taking the parasitic structure 13a as an example. In another example provided by the present application, the parasitic structure 13a is cross-shaped. Specifically, the parasitic structure 13a includes a first coupling arm 135a and a second coupling arm 136a that are orthogonally arranged. Among them, the extending direction of the first coupling arm 135a is the same as the extending direction of the first vibrating arm 121a, so as to achieve effective coupling between the first coupling arm 135a and the first vibrating arm 121a. The extending direction of the second coupling arm 136a is the same as the extending direction of the second vibrating arm 122a, so as to achieve effective coupling between the second coupling arm 136a and the second vibrating arm 122a.

[0098] Or, as Figure 18 shown, in another example provided by the present application, it can be considered that the parasitic structure 13a shown in Figure 17 is formed by rotating the parasitic structure 13a counterclockwise by about 45°. At this time, effective coupling can still be achieved between the parasitic structure 13a and the first oscillator 12a.

[0099] Generally speaking, in actual applications, the spatial postures of the parasitic structure 13a and the first oscillator 12a can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, which will not be elaborated here.

[0100] It should be noted that when setting the parasitic structure 13b, the parasitic structure 13b can be set similarly with reference to the specific structure of the parasitic structure 13a, which will not be elaborated here.

[0101] In addition, in actual applications, the cross-shaped parasitic structure 13a and the second oscillator 12b can also be integrally arranged.

[0102] For example, as Figure 19 shown, in an example provided by the present application, the parasitic structure 13a and the second oscillator 12b can be arranged in layers. Specifically, the parasitic structure 13a can be located on the lower plate surface of the dielectric substrate, and the second oscillator 12b can be located on the upper plate surface of the dielectric substrate, so as to achieve the integrated arrangement of the parasitic structure 13a and the second oscillator 12b.

[0103] It should be noted that in the above example, the oscillator 12 is taken as a dual-polarized oscillator for exemplary illustration. In actual applications, the oscillator 12 can also be of other types such as a single-polarized oscillator. The present application does not limit the specific type of the oscillator 12.

[0104] In addition, in practical applications, the antenna 10 may include multiple oscillators 12, and the multiple oscillators may be arranged in an array.

[0105] For example, as Figure 20 shown, in an example provided by the present application, the antenna 10 may include six oscillators 12, and the six oscillators 12 are arranged at intervals in sequence along a first direction. In addition, the antenna 10 further includes six parasitic structures 13, and the six parasitic structures 13 are arranged at intervals in sequence along the first direction. In a second direction, the oscillators 12 and the parasitic structures 13 are coupled to each other one by one. Wherein, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and both the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the reflecting surface 111.

[0106] In other examples, more oscillators 12 and parasitic structures 13 may also be arranged in the second direction. In practical applications, parameters such as the number and position of the oscillators 12 and the parasitic structures 13 can be reasonably set according to actual needs, and the present application does not limit this.

[0107] In addition, in practical applications, the operating frequency bands of the oscillators 12 in the antenna 10 may be basically the same. Or, oscillators 12 with different operating frequency bands may also be set in the antenna 10.

[0108] For example, as Figure 21 shown, in an example provided by the present application, the antenna 10 includes two types of oscillators with different frequency bands, namely oscillator 12a and oscillator 12c. Among them, the operating frequency bands of the oscillator 12a are basically the same, the operating frequency bands of the oscillator 12c are basically the same, and the operating frequency band of the oscillator 12c is greater than that of the oscillator 12a.

[0109] In addition, in practical applications, in order to prevent the parasitic structure 13 from coupling with the oscillator 12c and affecting the performance of the oscillator 12c, in practical applications, a decoupling structure may be provided in the parasitic structure 13 to reduce or avoid the coupling with the oscillator 12c.

[0110] For example, as Figure 22 shown, in an example provided by the present application, the parasitic structure 13 includes a bent decoupling stub 130, and by providing the decoupling stub 130, the coupling between the parasitic structure and the oscillator 12c can be reduced or avoided. When specifically setting, the structural shape and number of the decoupling stub 130 can be reasonably set according to the currently commonly used methods, and will not be elaborated here.

[0111] In specific applications, the antenna 10 provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to communication devices such as base stations and radars to implement wireless communication functions.

[0112] Such as Figure 23As shown in the figure, a communication device may include a radio frequency processing unit, which may be connected to a feeding network in an antenna. The radio frequency processing unit is configured to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signals received by the antenna, and convert them into intermediate frequency signals or baseband signals and send them to the baseband processing unit. Alternatively, the radio frequency processing unit is configured to perform up-conversion and amplification processing on the intermediate frequency signals sent by the baseband processing unit and convert them into wireless signals through the antenna and send them out. The baseband processing unit may be connected to the feeding network of the antenna through the radio frequency processing unit. In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0113] It should be noted that in practical applications, the specific type of the communication device and the components included in the communication device can be reasonably selected and adjusted according to the actual situation, and the present application does not limit the specific type of the communication device.

[0114] In various embodiments of the present application, if there is no special description and logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be mutually referred to, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their internal logical relationships.

[0115] In the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A and B may be singular or plural.

[0116] It can be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the various numerical numbers involved are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The magnitudes of the serial numbers of the above processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of each process should be determined according to its function and internal logic.

Claims

1. An antenna array structure, characterized in that, it includes a reflector, an oscillator and a parasitic structure; the reflector has a reflecting surface; the oscillator is arranged on one side of the reflecting surface; the parasitic structure is arranged on one side of the reflecting surface and is coupled with the oscillator; wherein, the vertical projections of the parasitic structure and the oscillator on the reflecting surface do not overlap, and the distance between the parasitic structure and the oscillator is greater than or equal to 1 / 4λ, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the oscillator propagating in space at the lowest frequency point.

2. The antenna array structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the distance between the parasitic structure and the oscillator is less than or equal to 3 / 4λ.

3. The antenna array structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the oscillator and the parasitic structure are located in the same plane, and the plane is parallel to the reflecting surface.

4. The antenna array structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, the antenna array structure includes a plurality of the oscillators and a plurality of the parasitic structures; the plurality of oscillators and the plurality of parasitic structures are coupled in one-to-one correspondence.

5. The antenna array structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, the antenna array structure includes a plurality of the oscillators and at least one parasitic structure; the plurality of oscillators include a first oscillator and a second oscillator, and the second oscillator is an oscillator adjacent to the first oscillator; the at least one parasitic structure includes a first parasitic structure, the first parasitic structure is coupled with the first oscillator, and the first parasitic structure is located outside the second oscillator.

6. The antenna array structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, the second oscillator and the first parasitic structure are an integral structure.

7. The antenna array structure according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, the at least one parasitic structure further includes a second parasitic structure; the second parasitic structure is coupled with the second oscillator, and the second parasitic structure is located outside the first oscillator.

8. The antenna array structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, the first oscillator and the second parasitic structure are an integral structure.

9. The antenna array structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, the equivalent electrical length dimension of the parasitic structure is greater than 1 / 2λ.

10. The antenna array structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, the oscillator includes a first oscillating arm and a second oscillating arm, and the first oscillating arm is orthogonally arranged with the second oscillating arm; the parasitic structure includes a first coupling arm and a second coupling arm, and the first coupling arm is orthogonally arranged with the second coupling arm; wherein, the first coupling arm is coupled with the first oscillating arm, and the second coupling arm is coupled with the second oscillating arm.

11. The antenna array structure according to claim 10, characterized in that, the parasitic structure is cross-shaped, and the first coupling arm and the second coupling arm are orthogonally arranged; wherein, the included angle between the first oscillating arm and the first coupling arm is 0° or 45°.

12. The antenna array structure according to claim 10, characterized in that, The parasitic structure is a rectangular frame, and a part of the sides of the rectangular frame form the first coupling arm, and the other part of the sides form the second coupling arm.

13. An antenna, characterized in that it includes a feeding network and the antenna array structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, and the feeding network is fed and connected to the oscillator.

14. A communication device, characterized in that it includes a radio frequency processing unit and the antenna according to claim 13, and the radio frequency processing unit is connected to the feeding network.

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