The invention belongs to the micro-spectrum imaging technical field and relates to a differential confocal raman spectral test method. The method integrates the technical characteristics of the differential confocal detection method and the raman spectral detection method, forms a test method capable of realizing sample microarea spectral detection, precisely catches focus positions of excitation light beams through the differential confocal technology, detects raman spectra of corresponding positions, simultaneously adopts a designed pupil filter, sharpens Airy disc major lobes of a differential confocal raman spectral system, improves the microarea raman spectral detectability and precisely acquires microarea space spectrum information which comprises spectral information and position information of microarea samples. The method obviously improves the microarea spectral detectability of a confocal raman spectromicroscope, has absolute tracking zero points and bipolar tracking characteristics, realizes absolute measurement of physical dimension, can be widely applied in the technical fields such as biomedicine, life sciences, biophysics, biochemistry, industrial precision detection and so on to perform high-precision detection of geometric positions and spectral characteristics of microareas, and has very important application prospect.