Antenna array, antenna structure and communication equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna array, an antenna structure and communication equipment, relates to the technical field of radio communication, and is used for reducing the interference of a high-frequency radiation unit in the antenna array on a low-frequency radiation unit. The antenna array comprises a metal base plate, and a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit which are arranged on the metal base plate. The first radiation unit has a first frequency f1 less than a second frequency f2 of the second radiation unit. The first radiation unit comprises a first antenna oscillator, a first balun structure and a decoupling structure. The first balun structure is electrically connected with the first antenna oscillator and the metal base plate. The decoupling structure is insulated from the metal bottom plate, and the decoupling structure comprises at least one main annular branch knot. The main annular branch knot is located between the first antenna oscillator and the metal bottom plate. And at least one part of the main annular branch knot is crossed with the metal bottom plate. The end, away from the metal bottom plate, of the main annular branch is provided with a first opening, and the two ends, at the first opening, of the main annular branch are electrically connected with the first balun structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of radio communication technology, and in particular to an antenna array, an antenna structure and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the demand for communication system capacity is increasing, and multi-frequency antennas are widely used in base station antennas. Generally, multi-frequency base station antennas are usually composed of low-frequency radiation units and high-frequency radiation units.

[0003] However, due to the coupling between the low-frequency radiation unit and the high-frequency radiation unit, when the low-frequency radiation unit is working, the high-frequency radiation unit will interfere with the signal transmitted by the low-frequency radiation unit. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an antenna array, an antenna structure and a communication device, which are used to reduce the interference of high-frequency radiation units on low-frequency radiation units in the antenna array.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, an antenna array is provided, comprising a metal base plate and a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit disposed on the metal base plate. The first radiation unit has a first frequency f 1 , the second radiating element has a second frequency f 2 , and f 2 <f 1 . The first radiation unit includes a first antenna element, a first balun structure and a decoupling structure. The first balun structure is located between the first antenna element and the metal base plate, and the first balun structure is electrically connected to the first antenna element and the metal base plate. The decoupling structure is insulated from the metal base plate, and the decoupling structure includes at least one main annular branch. The main annular branch is located between the first antenna element and the metal base plate. At least a portion of the main annular branch is cross-arranged with the metal base plate. And the end of the main annular branch facing away from the metal base plate has a first opening, and both ends of the main annular branch at the first opening are electrically connected to the first balun structure.

[0007] As can be seen from the above, the antenna array includes a first radiating unit, the first radiating unit includes a first antenna element and a first balun structure, the first antenna element can receive or send electromagnetic wave signals, and the first balun structure can transmit radio frequency signals to complete the radio frequency signal exchange between the first antenna element of the first radiating unit and other devices. In addition, the first radiating unit has a first frequency f 1 Greater than the second radiating element having a second frequency f 2In this way, the antenna array can receive or transmit electromagnetic wave signals with higher frequencies and can also receive or transmit electromagnetic wave signals with lower frequencies. In the related art, when the second radiation unit operates, under the influence of the electromagnetic wave with the second frequency f 2 transmitted by the second radiation unit, an induced current with the second frequency f 2 will be generated on the first balun structure, and then an electromagnetic wave with the second frequency f 2 will be generated, interfering with the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted by the second radiation unit, deteriorating the scattering parameters of the second radiation unit, and causing distortion of the radiation pattern of the second radiation unit. However, the first radiation unit of the antenna array provided in the embodiments of the present application further includes a decoupling structure, and the decoupling structure includes at least one main annular branch located between the first antenna oscillator and the metal bottom plate. When the second radiation unit operates, causing the first balun structure to generate an induced current with the second frequency f 2 , the direction of the induced current alternates at the frequency of f 2 . At this time, an alternating current with the second frequency f 2 will also be generated on the main annular branch. And at least a part of the main annular branch is arranged to cross the metal bottom plate. At this time, the current direction on at least a part of the main annular branch is opposite to the current direction in the first balun structure, and the generated magnetic field directions are also opposite. That is to say, when the second radiation unit operates normally, when an induced current is generated on the first balun structure of the first radiation unit and a magnetic field is generated through electromagnetic induction, the main annular branch of the decoupling structure will generate a magnetic field with the opposite direction, thereby weakening the total magnetic field intensity generated on the first radiation unit, and further weakening the electromagnetic wave intensity emitted from the first radiation unit. Furthermore, the purpose of reducing the interference of the first radiation unit on the second radiation unit in the antenna array is achieved. That is, the interference of the high-frequency radiation unit on the low-frequency radiation unit in the antenna array is reduced. In addition, the decoupling structure is insulated from the metal bottom plate to prevent direct electrical connection between the decoupling structure and the metal bottom plate, so that the decoupling structure and the metal bottom plate are directly conducted, affecting the normal operation of the antenna array.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the main annular stub includes a first stub, a second stub, and an electrical connector. At least a part of the first stub is disposed crosswise to the metal bottom plate. At least a part of the second stub is disposed crosswise to the metal bottom plate; the first stub and the second stub are respectively located on both sides of the first balun structure, and the first ends of the first stub and the second stub are respectively electrically connected to the first balun structure; there is a first opening between the first ends of the first stub and the second stub. The electrical connector is located between the first stub and the second stub and is electrically connected to the second ends of the first stub and the second stub. With the same principle as the above embodiment, the first ends of the first stub and the second stub are respectively electrically connected to the first balun structure. When the direction of the induced current on the first balun structure is away from the metal bottom plate, the induced current flows from the end of the first balun structure facing the metal bottom plate to the first end of the first stub and then flows through the first stub to the electrical connector. At least a part of the first stub is disposed crosswise to the metal bottom plate, that is, the direction of the current in this part is towards the metal bottom plate. Further, a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field generated by the first balun structure can be generated. When the direction of the induced current on the first balun structure is towards the metal bottom plate, the induced current flows from the connection between the first end of the first stub and the first balun structure to the metal bottom plate and then to the end of the first balun structure facing the metal bottom plate. At this time, a current flowing from the second end to the first end is generated in the first stub. The direction of the current in the first stub is away from the metal bottom plate. Further, a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field generated by the first balun structure can be generated. Therefore, a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field generated by the first balun structure is always generated in the first stub, thereby weakening the magnetic field generated by the first radiation unit. Similarly, the second stub can also generate a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field generated by the first balun structure, thereby further weakening the magnetic field generated by the first radiation unit. Further, the purpose of reducing the interference of the first radiation unit on the second radiation unit in the antenna array is achieved. In addition, the second ends of the first stub and the second stub are both electrically connected to the electrical connector, so that the electrical connector can electrically connect the first stub and the second stub, thereby reducing the impedance of the main annular stub, increasing the current generated by the first stub and the second stub, and ensuring that the magnetic field intensity generated by the first stub and the second stub can weaken the magnetic field generated by the first balun structure to the greatest extent.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the first branch includes a first horizontal branch and a first vertical branch. The first horizontal branch is parallel to the metal base plate, and one end facing the first balun structure is electrically connected to the first balun structure; there is a first opening between the end of the first horizontal branch away from the first balun structure and the first end of the second branch. The first vertical branch is perpendicular to the metal base plate, and the end of the first vertical branch away from the metal base plate is electrically connected to the end of the first horizontal branch away from the first balun structure, and the end of the first vertical branch facing the metal base plate is electrically connected to the electrical connector. The first horizontal branch can ensure that the first vertical branch is electrically connected to the first balun structure. Thereby, the first vertical branch can generate a current opposite to the current in the first balun structure. Thereby, the magnetic field generated by the first vertical branch and the first balun structure is opposite in direction, so as to achieve the effect of reverse cancellation, weaken the magnetic field generated by the first radiation unit, and then weaken the intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the first radiation unit.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the first vertical branch includes a first longitudinal segment, a second longitudinal segment and a first U-shaped segment; the first longitudinal segment is electrically connected to one end of the first horizontal branch away from the first balun structure, and the second longitudinal segment is electrically connected to the electrical connector; the first U-shaped segment is arranged between the first longitudinal segment and the second longitudinal segment, and the first U-shaped segment is electrically connected to the first longitudinal segment and the second longitudinal segment respectively. When the height of the first balun structure is low, or the available space around the first balun structure is small, the first branch adopts the method of connecting the first longitudinal segment, the first U-shaped segment and the second longitudinal segment in sequence, which can increase the length of the first vertical branch, thereby increasing the impedance of the main annular branch and reducing the current flowing to the main annular branch when the first radiation unit works normally. In some embodiments of the present application, the first branch is arranged crosswise with the metal bottom plate, the first end of the first branch is arranged close to the first balun structure, and the second end of the first branch is arranged away from the first balun structure. When the available space in the area around the upper half of the first balun structure is small, and the available space in the area around the lower half of the first balun structure is large, it is ensured that the first branch can be arranged on one side of the first balun structure.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the second branch includes a second horizontal branch and a second vertical branch. The second horizontal branch is parallel to the metal base plate, and one end facing the first balun structure is electrically connected to the first balun structure; a first opening is provided between one end of the second horizontal branch facing the first balun structure and the first end of the first branch. The second vertical branch is perpendicular to the metal base plate, one end of the second vertical branch facing away from the metal base plate is electrically connected to one end of the second horizontal branch facing away from the first balun structure, and one end of the second vertical branch facing the metal base plate is electrically connected to an electrical connector. Similar to the above-mentioned embodiment, it can ensure that the magnetic field generated by the second vertical branch is in the opposite direction to that of the first balun structure, thereby achieving a reverse cancellation effect, weakening the magnetic field generated by the first radiation unit, and thereby weakening the intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the first radiation unit.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the first antenna element includes a first dipole element, the first dipole element includes a first sub-element and a second sub-element; the first balun structure includes a first balun arm and a second balun arm, the first balun arm is connected to the first sub-element, and the second balun arm is connected to the second sub-element; the first end of the first branch is electrically connected to the first balun arm, and the first end of the second branch is electrically connected to the second balun arm. When the second radiation unit is working, because the first balun arm and the second balun arm are both in the magnetic field of the second radiation unit, the first balun arm and the second balun arm will both generate a second frequency f 2The induced current has the same direction. At this time, the first end of the first branch is electrically connected to the first balun arm, thereby generating a current with a direction opposite to the current direction in the first balun arm, thereby weakening the magnetic field generated by the first balun arm. Similarly, the second branch can weaken the magnetic field generated by the second balun arm. Furthermore, the intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the first radiation unit is weakened. In some embodiments of the present application, the number of main annular branches is two, and the first antenna oscillator further includes a second dipole oscillator, and the second dipole oscillator includes a third sub-oscillator and a fourth sub-oscillator. The first balun structure further includes a third balun arm and a fourth balun arm, the third balun arm is connected to the third sub-oscillator, and the fourth balun arm is connected to the fourth sub-oscillator. The first end of the first branch of one of the main annular branches is electrically connected to the first balun arm, and the first end of the second branch is electrically connected to the second balun arm; the first end of the first branch of the other main annular branch is electrically connected to the third balun arm, and the first end of the second branch is electrically connected to the fourth balun arm. The first dipole oscillator and the second dipole oscillator work in the transceiver duplex mode at the same time, saving the number of first radiation units required to be set in the antenna array. Moreover, the same as the above embodiment, the first branch of one of the main annular branches can weaken the magnetic field generated by the first balun arm, and the second branch of the main annular branch can weaken the magnetic field generated by the second balun arm. The first branch of the other main annular branch can weaken the magnetic field generated by the third balun arm, and the second branch of the main annular branch can weaken the magnetic field generated by the fourth balun arm. Furthermore, the intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the first radiation unit is weakened. In some embodiments of the present application, the ends of the two main annular branches facing the metal bottom plate are electrically connected. At this time, different main annular branches are connected in parallel, so that the total inductance of the decoupling structure is smaller and the total inductive reactance is smaller, thereby increasing the magnitude of the current in the decoupling structure. Furthermore, when an induced current is generated in the first balun structure, the current in the decoupling structure is closer to the magnitude of the current in the first balun structure, so that the magnetic field intensity generated by the decoupling structure is close to the magnetic field intensity generated by the first balun structure, improving the reverse cancellation effect, and achieving the purpose of reducing the interference of the first radiation unit on the second radiation unit in the antenna array.

[0013] In addition, according to the frequency formula of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the LC oscillation circuit:

[0014]

[0015] where: f is the frequency of the radiated electromagnetic wave, L is the inductive reactance of the current line, and C is the capacitive reactance of the current line.

[0016] When the total inductance of the decoupling structure is smaller, the decoupling structure can be applicable to a smaller operating frequency of the second radiation unit, and the operating frequency band applicable to the decoupling structure is wider.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the electrical connector is a sheet structure and is parallel to the metal bottom plate. At this time, the capacitance of the main annular branch is small and the capacitive reactance is large. According to the frequency formula of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the LC oscillation circuit:

[0018]

[0019] At this time, the decoupling structure can be applied to the operating frequency of a smaller second radiation unit, making the decoupling structure applicable to a wider operating frequency band of the second radiation unit.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the main annular branch includes a first part and a second part, and the electrical lengths of the first part and the second part are equal; and one end of the first part facing away from the metal bottom plate and one end of the second part facing away from the metal bottom plate have a first opening. The first balun structure includes a first balun arm and a second balun arm, and both the first balun arm and the second balun arm are connected to the metal bottom plate; one end of the first part facing away from the metal bottom plate is electrically connected to the first balun arm, and the length of the first part is D 1 , the distance between the connection point of the first part and the first balun arm and the connection point of the first balun arm and the metal bottom plate is H 1 , and λ H / 4 ≤ D 1 +H 1 ≤ λ L / 2. One end of the second part facing away from the metal bottom plate is electrically connected to the second balun arm, and the length of the second part is D 2 , the distance between the connection point of the second part and the second balun arm and the connection point of the second balun arm and the metal bottom plate is H 2 , and λ H / 4 ≤ D 2 +H 2 ≤ λ L / 2. Wherein: λ H is the wavelength corresponding to the first frequency f 1 of the first radiation unit, and λ L is the wavelength corresponding to the second frequency f 2 of the second radiation unit.

[0021] When D 1 +H 1 ≤ λ L / 2, the current directions of the respective parts within the first balun arm and the first part all change with the change of the electromagnetic wave direction within the second radiation unit, and the current directions of the respective parts within the first part change simultaneously. At this time, the directions of the electromagnetic waves generated by at least one section of the first balun arm and the first part are always opposite, thereby achieving the purpose of reverse cancellation. Similarly, D 2 +H 2 ≤ λ L / 2, the directions of the electromagnetic waves generated by the second balun arm and at least one section of the second part are always opposite, thereby achieving the purpose of reverse cancellation.

[0022] When D 1 +H 1 >λ L / 2, when the direction of the electromagnetic wave in the second radiation unit changes, the current change in a section of the first part close to the connection point with the second part will be delayed, making the current flow direction of this section opposite to the current flow direction in other sections of the first part. This may make it impossible for the magnetic field generated by this section to reversely cancel the magnetic field generated by the first balun arm. Similarly, D 2 +H 2 >λ L / 2, the current change in a section of the second part close to the connection point with the first part will be delayed, so that the current flow direction of this section is opposite to the current flow direction in other sections of the first part. As a result, the magnetic field generated by this section of the first part cannot play a reverse canceling role on the magnetic field generated by the second balun arm, and the purpose of reducing the interference of the first radiating unit on the second radiating unit in the antenna array cannot be achieved.

[0023] In addition, when D 1 +H 1 ≥λ H / 4, when the first radiation unit is working, the impedance of the first part of the decoupling structure is large, much larger than the impedance of the first balun arm, and the current flowing to the first part is much smaller than the current on the first balun arm. At this time, the electromagnetic wave generated by the first part can be ignored. Similarly, D 2 +H 2 ≥λ H / 4, the electromagnetic wave generated by the second part can be ignored, that is, the influence of the decoupling structure on the operation of the first radiation unit can be ignored.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the decoupling structure further includes at least one secondary annular branch. The secondary annular branch is disposed on the side of the main annular branch away from the metal base plate, and one end of each secondary annular branch facing the metal base plate is electrically connected to the main annular branch. At this time, the main annular branch and the secondary annular branch are connected in parallel, thereby making the total inductance of the parallel decoupling structure smaller. According to the frequency formula of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the LC oscillation circuit:

[0025]

[0026] At this time, the decoupling structure can be applicable to a smaller operating frequency of the second radiating unit, so that the decoupling structure can be applicable to a wider operating frequency band of the second radiating unit.

[0027] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an antenna structure, which may include any one of the above antenna arrays. The antenna structure further includes a radome, and the antenna array is disposed inside the radome. The above antenna structure has the same technical effects as the antenna array provided in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0028] The third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a communication device, which may include the above antenna structure. The communication device may further include a communication bracket, and the antenna structure is disposed on the communication bracket. The above communication device has the same technical effects as the antenna structure provided in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be elaborated herein. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array in the related art;

[0034] Figure 6 It is the radiation pattern of the second radiation unit in the related art and the embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 It is the gain pattern of the second radiation unit in the related art and the embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8A It is an assembly diagram of the first radiation unit and the metal base plate of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 8B It is a schematic diagram of the current flow direction of the first radiation unit of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 8C It is another schematic diagram of the current flow direction of the first radiation unit of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 9 For Figure 8A front view;

[0040] Figure 10Schematic diagram of another antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 11 is Figure 10 front view of;

[0042] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of yet another antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 13 is Figure 12 front view of;

[0044] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of still another antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 15 is Figure 14 front view of.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] 01 - Communication system architecture; 02 - Communication device; 10 - Antenna structure; 11 - Antenna array; 111 - Metal bottom plate; 112 - First radiation unit; 1121 - First antenna oscillator; 11211 - First dipole oscillator; b1 - First sub-oscillator; b2 - Second sub-oscillator; 11212 - Second dipole oscillator; b3 - Third sub-oscillator; b4 - Fourth sub-oscillator; 1122 - First balun structure; 11221 - First balun arm; 11222 - Second balun arm; 11223 - Third balun arm; 11223 - Fourth balun arm; 1123 - Decoupling structure; 11231 - Main loop stub; a1 - First opening; a2 - First part; a3 - Second part; a4 - First stub; a41 - First horizontal stub; a42 - First vertical stub; a421 - First longitudinal segment; a422 - Second longitudinal segment; a423 - First U-shaped segment; a424 - Third longitudinal segment; a5 - Second stub; a51 - Second horizontal stub; a52 - Second vertical stub; a521 - Fourth longitudinal segment; a522 - Fifth longitudinal segment; a523 - Second U-shaped segment; a6 - Electrical connection component; 11232 - Sub-loop stub; 113 - Second radiation unit; 1131 - Second antenna oscillator; 1132 - Second balun structure; 12 - Antenna cover; 13 - Feeding network; 14 - Transmission component; 15 - Calibration network; 16 - Antenna connector; 20 - Communication bracket; 21 - Mast; 22 - Adjusting arm; 23 - Clamp; 03 - Terminal device. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0049] Hereinafter, terms such as "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. are only used for convenience of description, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0050] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed mechanical connection, a detachable mechanical connection, or integrated; or, "connection" can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium.

[0051] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplarily", "for example", etc. are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design solution described as "exemplarily", "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be construed as being more preferred or having more advantages than other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplarily", "for example" is intended to present relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0052] In addition, in some embodiments, the electrical length may refer to the ratio of the physical length (mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the electrical length may satisfy the following formula:

[0053]

[0054] where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the physical length of the radiator can be understood to be within ±20%, or ±10%, or ±5% of the electrical length of the radiator.

[0056] Such limitations as parallel, perpendicular, same (for example, the same electrical length, etc.) mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are all in view of the current process level, rather than an absolutely strict definition in the mathematical sense. There may be a deviation of a predetermined angle between two components that are parallel or perpendicular to each other. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle may be an angle within the range of ±10°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation is ±5°.

[0057] In the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, components are represented by guiding lines with arrows; parts are only represented by guiding lines; hollow structures such as openings are represented by guiding lines with a hollow circle at one end.

[0058] A communication system architecture 01 provided by the embodiments of the present application, as Figure 1As shown, the communication system architecture 01 may include a communication device 02 and a terminal device 03, and the communication device 02 may perform wireless communication with the terminal device 03. For example, the above-mentioned communication device 02 may include a base station. The base station is used to perform cell coverage of wireless signals to achieve the connection between the terminal device and the radio frequency end of the wireless network. Based on this, by way of example, the above-mentioned base station may be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system of mobile communication (GSM) system or a code division multiple access (CDMA) system. Or, again by way of example, the above-mentioned base station may be a Node B (NB) in a wideband code division multiple access wireless (WCDMA) system. Or, once again by way of example, the above-mentioned base station may be an evolved Node B (eNB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Or, the above-mentioned base station may be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and a base station in a 5G network, or may also be a base station in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN) network, for example, a new radio base station. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0059] In addition, the above-mentioned terminal device 03 may be a mobile phone, a tablet (pad), a laptop computer, a smart home, a smart wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart bracelet, smart glasses, a smart helmet), a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality (AR) device, etc. The terminal device 03 may also be a handheld terminal device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a device in a 5G network, or a terminal device in a future evolved PLMN. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0060] In the case where the above-mentioned communication device 02 is a base station, in some embodiments of the present application, the communication device 02 may include Figure 2 the antenna structure 10 and the communication bracket 20 shown. The antenna structure 10 is disposed on the communication bracket 20.

[0061] Exemplarily, the above communication support 20 may include a pole 21, which can fix and support the antenna structure 10. In addition, the above communication support 20 may further include an adjustment arm 22 and a fixture 23. The adjustment arm 22 is located between the antenna structure 10 and the pole 21. One end of the fixture 23 is connected to the adjustment arm 22, and the other end of the fixture 23 is connected to the pole 21. The antenna structure 10 can be sequentially connected to the pole 21 through the adjustment arm 22 and the fixture 23. The adjustment arm 22 can adjust the pitch angle of the antenna structure 10 relative to the pole 21.

[0062] On this basis, the antenna structure 10, as Figure 3 shown, may include an antenna array 11 and an antenna radome 12. The antenna array 11 is disposed inside the antenna radome 12. The antenna radome 12 can also resist the influence of the external environment of the antenna structure 10, thereby protecting the antenna array 11.

[0063] In addition, continuing as Figure 3 shown, the antenna structure 10 further includes a feed network 13. Exemplarily, the feed network 13 may include a phase shifter, a filter, a combiner, etc. The antenna array 11 receives or transmits radio frequency signals through the feed network 13.

[0064] Continuing as Figure 3 shown, the antenna structure 10 may further include a transmission component 14. The transmission component 14 is electrically connected to the feed network 13. The feed network 13 can achieve different radiation beam directions through the transmission component 14.

[0065] Continuing as Figure 3 shown, the antenna structure 10 may further include a calibration network 15. The calibration network 15 is electrically connected to the feed network 13. The feed network 13 can obtain the calibration signals required by the system through the calibration network 15.

[0066] Continuing as Figure 3 shown, the antenna structure 10 may further include an antenna connector 16. The antenna connector 16 is electrically connected to the feed network 13. The antenna connector 16 is used to connect to external devices, thereby completing the radio frequency signal exchange between the antenna structure 10 and external devices.

[0067] On this basis, the antenna array 11 may, as Figure 4 shown, include a metal bottom plate 111 and a first radiation unit 112 and a second radiation unit 113 disposed on the metal bottom plate 111. The first radiation unit 112 has a first frequency f 1 , that is, the first radiation unit 112 can transmit or receive electromagnetic waves with the first frequency f 1 . The second radiation unit 113 has a second frequency f 2 , and f 2 < f 1, that is, the second radiation unit 113 can transmit or receive electromagnetic waves with a second frequency f 2 . Also, because f 2 < f 1 , the frequency of the electromagnetic waves that the first radiation unit 112 can receive or transmit is higher, and the frequency of the electromagnetic waves that the second radiation unit 113 can receive or transmit is lower. In this way, the antenna array 11 can both receive or transmit high-frequency electromagnetic wave signals and receive or transmit low-frequency electromagnetic wave signals. That is to say, the first radiation unit 112 is a high-frequency radiation unit, and the second radiation unit 113 is a low-frequency radiation unit.

[0068] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned first frequency f 1 is approximately four times the second frequency f 2 . In other embodiments, the first frequency f 1 can also be approximately other multiples of the second frequency f 2 , and this embodiment does not make specific limitations on this. For example, the first frequency f 1 is 2500 MHz, and the second frequency f 2 is 750 MHz.

[0069] As Figure 4 shown, the first radiation unit 112 may include a first antenna oscillator 1121 and a first balun structure 1122. The first balun structure 1122 is located between the first antenna oscillator 1121 and the metal bottom plate 111, and the first balun structure 1122 is electrically connected to the first antenna oscillator 1121 and the metal bottom plate 111. As can be seen from the above, when the first antenna oscillator 1121 receives an electromagnetic wave signal, it is transmitted to the metal bottom plate 111 through the first balun structure 1122 and sent out of the antenna array 11. Or, when it is necessary for the first antenna oscillator 1121 to emit an electromagnetic wave signal, a radio frequency signal is transmitted from the metal bottom plate 111 to the first balun structure 1122, and the radio frequency signal is transmitted to the first antenna oscillator 1121 through the first balun structure 1122. After the first antenna oscillator 1121 receives the radio frequency signal, it sends out electromagnetic waves. To complete the radio frequency signal exchange between the first antenna oscillator 1121 of the first radiation unit 112 and other devices.

[0070] As Figure 4As shown, the second radiation unit 113 may include a second antenna oscillator 1131 and a second balun structure 1132. The second balun structure 1132 is located between the second antenna oscillator 1131 and the metal bottom plate 111, and the second balun structure 1132 is electrically connected to the second antenna oscillator 1131 and the metal bottom plate 111. Similar to the first radiation unit 112 in the above embodiment, the second antenna oscillator 1131 and the metal bottom plate 111 can transmit radio frequency signals through the second balun structure 1132 to complete the radio frequency signal exchange between the second antenna oscillator 1131 of the second radiation unit 113 and other devices.

[0071] As Figure 5 shown, in the related art, when the second radiation unit 113 operates, under the influence of the electromagnetic wave with the second frequency f 2 sent by the second radiation unit 113, the magnetic field around the first balun structure 1122 of the first radiation unit 112 changes periodically, and then the first balun structure 1122 generates an induced current with the second frequency f 2 . At this time, the first balun structure 1122 will generate an electromagnetic wave with the second frequency f 2 , which will interfere with the electromagnetic wave signal with the second frequency f 2 sent by the second radiation unit 113, deteriorate the scattering parameters of the second radiation unit 113, and cause the radiation pattern of the second radiation unit 113 to be distorted. As Figure 6 shown, for the second radiation unit 113 when the second frequency is 750 MHz, the relationship diagram between the angle between the radiation direction of the second radiation unit 113 in the three-dimensional space and the direction perpendicular to the metal bottom plate and the normalized directivity coefficient. From curve S 1 it can be seen that in the related art, the direction symmetry of the second radiation unit 113 is poor, that is, the interference of the first radiation unit 112 on the second radiation unit 113 is relatively serious. Again, as Figure 7 shown, the relationship diagram between the second frequency and the directivity coefficient of the second radiation unit 113. From curve S 3 it can be seen that in the related art, the directivity coefficient of the second radiation unit 113 is small, that is, its gain is small.

[0072] To solve the above problems, as Figure 8A shown, the first radiation unit 112 (as Figure 4 shown) may include a decoupling structure 1123. The decoupling structure 1123 is insulated from the metal bottom plate 111, and the decoupling structure 1123 includes at least one main annular branch 11231. The main annular branch 11231 is located on the first antenna oscillator 1121 (as Figure 4Between the one shown and the metal base plate 111. At least a part of the main annular branch 11231 is arranged crosswise with the metal base plate 111. And one end of the main annular branch 11231 departing from the metal base plate 111 has a first opening a1, and both ends of the main annular branch 11231 at the first opening a1 are electrically connected to the first balun structure 1122. When the second radiation unit 113 (such as Figure 4 shown) works, making the first balun structure 1122 generate an induced current with a second frequency f 2 , the direction of the induced current alternates with the frequency of f 2 . At this time, on the main annular branch 11231, an alternating current with the second frequency f 2 will also be generated.

[0073] Such as Figure 8B shown, when the direction of the induced current on the first balun structure 1122 is the direction departing from the metal base plate 111, that is to say, the induced current flows from the end of the first balun structure 1122 facing the metal base plate 111 to the connection point of the main annular branch 11231 and the first balun structure 1122, a current is generated on the main annular branch 11231 that flows from the connection point of the main annular branch 11231 and the first balun structure 1122 to the main annular branch 11231. Also, because at least a part of the main annular branch 11231 is arranged crosswise with the metal base plate 111, and the first opening a1 is located at the end departing from the metal base plate 111. That is to say, when the current flows through the main annular branch 11231, the direction of the current on at least a part of the main annular branch 11231 is towards the metal base plate 111. That is, the direction of the current in this part is opposite to the direction of the current in the first balun structure 1122.

[0074] Such as Figure 8C shown, when the direction of the induced current on the first balun structure 1122 is the direction towards the metal base plate 111, that is to say, the induced current flows from the connection point of the main annular branch 11231 and the first balun structure 1122 to the end of the first balun structure 1122 facing the metal base plate 111, a current is generated on the main annular branch 11231 that flows to the connection point of the main annular branch 11231 and the first balun structure 1122. At least a part of the main annular branch 11231 is arranged crosswise with the metal base plate 111, and the direction of the current in this part is departing from the metal base plate 111. That is, the direction of the current in this part is still opposite to the direction of the current in the first balun structure 1122.

[0075] To sum up, the direction of the current in at least a part of the main annular branch 11231 is always opposite to the direction of the current in the first balun structure 1122, and the generated magnetic field directions are also opposite. That is to say, when the second radiation unit 113 (such as Figure 4 shown) works normally, in the first radiation unit 112 (such as Figure 4When an induced current is generated on the first balun structure 1122 (as shown), and a magnetic field is generated through electromagnetic induction, the main annular branch 11231 of the decoupling structure 1123 (as Figure 8A shown) will generate a magnetic field with the opposite direction, thereby weakening the total magnetic field intensity generated on the first radiation unit 112, and further weakening the intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the first radiation unit 112. Continuing as Figure 6 shown, through curve S 2 it can be seen that the direction symmetry of the second radiation unit 113 in the embodiment of the present application is relatively good, that is, the interference of the first radiation unit 112 on the second radiation unit 113 is relatively small. Again, as Figure 7 shown, through curve S 4 it can be seen that the directivity coefficient of the second radiation unit 113 in the embodiment of the present application is always greater than that in the related art, that is, the gain of the second radiation unit 113 in the embodiment of the present application is relatively large. Furthermore, it is proved that the interference of the first radiation unit 112 on the second radiation unit 113 in the embodiment of the present application is relatively small and the directivity is relatively good. Furthermore, the purpose of reducing the interference of the first radiation unit 112 on the second radiation unit 113 in the antenna array is achieved. That is, the interference of the high-frequency radiation unit on the low-frequency radiation unit in the antenna array 11 is reduced.

[0076] In addition, as Figure 8A shown, the decoupling structure 1123 is insulated from the metal bottom plate 111 to prevent direct electrical connection between the decoupling structure 1123 and the metal bottom plate 111, so that the decoupling structure 1123 and the metal bottom plate 111 are directly conducted, affecting the normal operation of the antenna array 11.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, as Figure 9 shown, the main annular branch 11231 includes a first part a2 and a second part a3, and the electrical lengths of the first part a2 and the second part a3 are equal. And one end of the first part a2 facing away from the metal bottom plate 111 and one end of the second part a3 facing away from the metal bottom plate 111 have a first opening a1. The first balun structure 1122 includes a first balun arm 11221 and a second balun arm 11222, and both the first balun arm 11221 and the second balun arm 11222 are connected to the metal bottom plate 111. One end of the first part a2 facing away from the metal bottom plate 111 is electrically connected to the first balun arm 11221. The length of the first part a2 is D 1 , the distance between the connection point of the first part a2 and the first balun arm 11221 and the connection point of the first balun arm 11221 and the metal bottom plate 111 is H 1 , and λ H / 4 ≤ D 1 +H 1 ≤ λ L / 2. One end of the second part a3 away from the metal base plate 111 is electrically connected to the second balun arm 11222. The length of the second part a3 is D 2 , the connection point between the second part a3 and the second balun arm 11222 is at a distance H from the connection point between the second balun arm 11222 and the metal base plate 111 2 , and λ H / 4 ≤ D 2 +H 2 ≤ λ L / 2. Wherein: λ H is the wavelength corresponding to the first frequency f Figure 4 of the first radiation unit 112 (as shown in 1 ), and λ L is the wavelength corresponding to the second frequency f Figure 4 of the second radiation unit 113 (as shown in 2 ).

[0078] When D 1 +H 1 ≤ λ L / 2, when the direction of the electromagnetic wave in the second radiation unit 113 (as shown in Figure 4 ) does not change, the current directions in the first balun arm 11221 and each part in the first part a2 remain unchanged; when the direction of the electromagnetic wave in the second radiation unit 113 changes, the current directions in the first balun arm 11221 and each part in the first part a2 change simultaneously. At this time, the directions of the electromagnetic waves generated by at least one section of the first balun arm 11221 and the first part a2 are always opposite, thereby achieving the purpose of reverse cancellation. Similarly, when D 2 +H 2 ≤ λ L / 2, the directions of the electromagnetic waves generated by at least one section of the second balun arm 11222 and the second part a3 are always opposite, thereby achieving the purpose of reverse cancellation.

[0079] When D 1 +H 1 > λ L / 2, when the direction of the electromagnetic wave in the second radiation unit 113 (as shown in Figure 4 ) changes, the current change in a section of the first part a2 close to the connection point with the second part a3 will be delayed, thereby making the current flow direction in this section opposite to the current flow directions in other sections of the first part a2. The magnetic field generated by this section of the first part a2 cannot play a role in reverse cancellation of the magnetic field generated by the first balun arm 11221, and the purpose of reducing the interference of the first radiation unit 112 (as shown in Figure 4 ) in the antenna array 11 on the second radiation unit 113 cannot be achieved. Similarly, when D 2 +H 2 > λL When it is 1 / 2, the current change in a section of the second part a3 close to the connection point with the first part a2 will produce a delay, which in turn makes the current flow direction in this section opposite to the current flow directions in other sections of the first part a2. As a result, the magnetic field generated by this section of the first part a2 cannot cancel out the magnetic field generated by the second balun arm 11222 in the opposite direction, and the purpose of reducing the interference of the first radiation element 112 on the second radiation element 113 in the antenna array 11 (as Figure 4 shown) cannot be achieved.

[0080] In addition, in a radiation element, the magnitude of the impedance is related to the structural form and external dimensions, and is also related to the operating frequency of the radiation element. When D 1 +H 1 ≥λ H / 4, and when the first radiation element 112 (as Figure 4 shown) is operating normally, in an environment of a relatively high first frequency f 1 , the impedance of the first part a2 of the decoupling structure 1123 (as Figure 8A shown) is relatively large, much larger than the impedance of the first balun arm 11221, and the current flowing into the first part a2 is much smaller than the current on the first balun arm 11221. At this time, the electromagnetic wave generated by the first part a2 can be ignored, that is, the influence of the decoupling structure 1123 on the operation of the first radiation element 112 can be ignored. Similarly, when D 2 +H 2 ≥λ H / 4, the electromagnetic wave generated by the second part a3 can be ignored, that is, the influence of the decoupling structure 1123 on the operation of the first radiation element 112 can be ignored.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, continuing as Figure 8A shown, the main loop stub 11231 may include a first stub a4, a second stub a5, and an electrical connection member a6. The first stub a4 and the second stub a5 are respectively located on both sides of the first balun structure 1122. The first end of the first stub a4 and the first end of the second stub a5 are respectively electrically connected to the first balun structure 1122. There is a first opening a1 between the first end of the first stub a4 and the first end of the second stub a5.

[0082] Continuing as Figure 8BAs shown, the first end of the first stub a4 and the first end of the second stub a5 are electrically connected to the first balun structure 1122 respectively. When the direction of the induced current on the first balun structure 1122 is away from the metal bottom plate 111, the induced current flows from the end of the first balun structure 1122 facing the metal bottom plate 111 to the first end of the first stub a4, and then flows through the first stub a4 to the electrical connector a6. Also, since at least a part of the first stub a4 is arranged crosswise with the metal bottom plate 111, that is to say, the direction of the current in this part is towards the metal bottom plate 111. Thus, a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field generated by the first balun structure 1122 can be generated.

[0083] Continue as Figure 8C shown, when the direction of the induced current on the first balun structure 1122 is towards the metal bottom plate 111, the induced current flows from the connection between the first end of the first stub a4 and the first balun structure 1122 to the metal bottom plate 111 and then to the end of the first balun structure 1122 facing the metal bottom plate 111. At this time, the electric potential of the first end of the first stub a4 is less than that of the second end, and thus a current flowing from the second end to the first end is generated in the first stub a4. At this time, the direction of the current in the first stub a4 is away from the metal bottom plate 111. Thus, a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field generated by the first balun structure 1122 can be generated. Therefore, a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field generated by the first balun structure 1122 is always generated in the first stub a4, thereby weakening the magnetic field generated by the first radiation unit 112 (as Figure 4 shown). Thereby, the interference of the first radiation unit 112 (i.e., the high-frequency radiation unit) in the antenna array 11 on the second radiation unit 113 (as Figure 4 shown) (i.e., the low-frequency radiation unit) is reduced.

[0084] In addition, continue as Figure 8A shown, at least a part of the second stub a5 is arranged crosswise with the metal bottom plate 111. Similarly, a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field generated by the first balun structure 1122 can also be generated on at least a part of the second stub a5, thereby further weakening the magnetic field generated by the first radiation unit 112 (as Figure 4 shown). Thereby, the interference of the first radiation unit 112 (i.e., the high-frequency radiation unit) in the antenna array 11 on the second radiation unit 113 (as Figure 4 shown) (i.e., the low-frequency radiation unit) is reduced.

[0085] On this basis, continue as Figure 8AAs shown, the electrical connector a6 is located between the first stub a4 and the second stub a5, and is electrically connected to the second end of the first stub a4 and the second end of the second stub a5. The electrical connector a6 can electrically connect the first stub a4 and the second stub a5, thereby reducing the impedance of the main annular stub 11231, and further increasing the current generated by the first stub a4 and the second stub a5, ensuring that the magnetic field intensity generated by the first stub a4 and the second stub a5 can largely weaken the magnetic field generated by the first balun structure 1122.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present application, continuing as Figure 8A shown, the first stub a4 may include a first horizontal stub a41 and a first vertical stub a42. There is a first opening a1 between the end of the first horizontal stub a41 facing away from the first balun structure 1122 and the first end of the second stub a5. The first horizontal stub a41 is parallel to the metal bottom plate 111, and the end facing the first balun structure 1122 is electrically connected to the first balun structure 1122. The end of the first vertical stub a42 facing away from the metal bottom plate 111 is electrically connected to the end of the first horizontal stub a41 facing away from the first balun structure 1122, thereby ensuring that the first vertical stub a42 is electrically connected to the first balun structure 1122. In addition, the first vertical stub a42 is perpendicular to the metal bottom plate 111. Thus, the first vertical stub a42 can generate a current with a direction opposite to the current direction in the first balun structure 1122. Thus, the magnetic field direction generated by the first vertical stub a42 is opposite to the magnetic field direction generated by the first balun structure 1122, and further can achieve the effect of reverse cancellation, weakening the magnetic field generated by the first radiation unit 112 (as Figure 4 shown), and further weakening the electromagnetic wave intensity emitted from the first radiation unit 112. In order to achieve the purpose of reducing the interference of the first radiation unit 112 (i.e., the high-frequency radiation unit) in the antenna array 11 on the second radiation unit 113 (as Figure 4 shown) (i.e., the low-frequency radiation unit).

[0087] On this basis, continuing as Figure 8A shown, the end of the first vertical stub a42 facing the metal bottom plate 111 is electrically connected to the electrical connector a6. At this time, the impedance of the main annular stub 11231 is small, and further increases the current generated in the first vertical stub a42, ensuring that the magnetic field intensity generated by the first vertical stub a42 can largely weaken the magnetic field generated by the first balun structure 1122.

[0088] Furthermore, continuing as Figure 8AAs shown, the second branch a5 may include a second horizontal branch a51 and a second vertical branch a52. The second horizontal branch a51 is parallel to the metal base plate 111, and is electrically connected to the first balun structure 1122 at one end thereof facing the first balun structure 1122; a first opening a1 is provided between the end of the second horizontal branch a51 facing the first balun structure 1122 and the first end of the first branch a4. The second vertical branch a52 is perpendicular to the metal base plate 111, and the end of the second vertical branch a52 facing away from the metal base plate 111 is electrically connected to the end of the second horizontal branch a51 facing away from the first balun structure 1122, and the end of the second vertical branch a52 facing the metal base plate 111 is electrically connected to the electrical connector a6. Similar to the first branch a4 in the above-mentioned embodiment, such a setting can also ensure that the magnetic field generated by the second vertical branch a52 is in opposite directions to the first balun structure 1122, thereby achieving the effect of reverse cancellation, thereby weakening the first radiation unit 112 (such as Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 ), the magnetic field generated by the first radiation unit 112 is reduced, thereby reducing the intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the first radiation unit 112. In this way, the first radiation unit 112 (i.e., the high-frequency radiation unit) in the antenna array 11 reduces the influence of the second radiation unit 113 (i.e., the high-frequency radiation unit) on the second radiation unit 113. Figure 4 The purpose of interference is to (as shown) (i.e., the low-frequency radiating unit).

[0089] In other embodiments of the present application, Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the first vertical branch a42 includes a first longitudinal section a421, a second longitudinal section a422 and a first U-shaped section a423; the first longitudinal section a421 is electrically connected to the end of the first horizontal branch a41 away from the first balun structure 1122, and the second longitudinal section a422 is electrically connected to the electrical connector a6; the first U-shaped section a423 is transversely arranged between the first longitudinal section a421 and the second longitudinal section a422, and the first U-shaped section a423 is electrically connected to the first longitudinal section a421 and the second longitudinal section a422 respectively. At this time, a current in the opposite direction to that on the first balun structure 1122 can be generated on the first longitudinal section a421, the second longitudinal section a422 and the first U-shaped section a423 away from the opening, thereby achieving the effect of reverse cancellation. In addition, when the height of the first balun structure 1122 is low, or the available space around the first balun structure 1122 is small, the first branch a4 is connected in sequence by the first longitudinal section a421, the first U-shaped section a423, and the second longitudinal section a422, which can increase the length of the first vertical branch a42, thereby ensuring D 1 +H 1 ≥λ H / 4, thereby ensuring that in the first radiation unit 112 (such as Figure 4When the first balun arm 11221 is working normally, the impedance of the main ring branch 11231 is much greater than the impedance of the first balun arm 11221, and the current flowing to the first part a2 is much smaller than the current on the first balun arm 11221. At this time, the electromagnetic wave generated by the first part a2 can be ignored, that is, the influence of the decoupling structure 1123 on the operation of the first radiation unit 112 can be ignored.

[0090] Further, continue as Figure 11 As shown, the first vertical branch a42 may further include a third longitudinal segment a424 and at least two first U-shaped segments a423, wherein the third longitudinal segment a424 is disposed between the two first U-shaped segments a423 and is electrically connected to the two first U-shaped segments a423 respectively. By providing at least two first U-shaped segments a423, D 1 +H 1 ≥λ H / 4.

[0091] Of course, continue as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the second vertical branch a52 may include a fourth longitudinal segment a521, a fifth longitudinal segment a522 and a second U-shaped segment a523; the fourth longitudinal segment a521 is electrically connected to the end of the second horizontal branch a51 away from the first balun structure 1122, and the fifth longitudinal segment a522 is electrically connected to the electrical connector a6; the second U-shaped segment a523 is transversely arranged between the first longitudinal segment a421 and the second longitudinal segment a422, and the second U-shaped segment a523 is electrically connected to the fourth longitudinal segment a521 and the fifth longitudinal segment a522 respectively. As in the above embodiment, such an arrangement can ensure that D 2 +H 2 ≥λ H / 4, thereby ensuring that in the first radiation unit 112 (such as Figure 4 When the first radiating unit 112 is working normally, the impedance of the main annular branch 11231 is much greater than the impedance of the second balun arm 11222, and the current flowing to the second portion a3 is much smaller than the current on the second balun arm 11222. At this time, the electromagnetic wave generated by the second portion a3 can be ignored, that is, the influence of the decoupling structure 1123 on the operation of the first radiating unit 112 can be ignored.

[0092] In some further embodiments of the present application, Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the first branch a4 can be arranged crosswise with the metal bottom plate 111, the first end of the first branch a4 is arranged close to the first balun structure 1122, and the second end of the first branch a4 is arranged away from the first balun structure 1122. When the available space in the area around the upper half of the first balun structure 1122 is small, and the available space in the area around the lower half of the first balun structure 1122 is large, it is ensured that the first branch a4 can be arranged on one side of the first balun structure 1122.

[0093] Of course, continuing as Figure 13 shown, the second branch a5 can be arranged crosswise with the metal bottom plate 111. The first end of the second branch a5 is arranged close to the first balun structure 1122, and the second end of the second branch a5 is arranged far from the first balun structure 1122. Similar to the above embodiments, with such an arrangement, it is ensured that the second branch a5 can be arranged on one side of the first balun structure 1122.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present application, continuing as Figure 8A shown, the first antenna oscillator 1121 (as Figure 4 shown) includes a first dipole oscillator 11211, and the first dipole oscillator 11211 includes a first sub-oscillator b1 and a second sub-oscillator b2; the first balun structure 1122 includes a first balun arm 11221 and a second balun arm 11222. The first balun arm 11221 is connected to the first sub-oscillator b1, and the second balun arm 11222 is connected to the second sub-oscillator b2. The first sub-oscillator b1 and the metal bottom plate 111 can transmit radio frequency signals through the first balun arm 11221, and the second sub-oscillator b2 and the metal bottom plate 111 can transmit radio frequency signals through the second balun arm 11222 to complete the radio frequency signal exchange between the first dipole oscillator 11211 of the first radiation unit 112 (as Figure 4 shown) and other devices.

[0095] Continuing as Figure 8A shown, the first end of the first branch a4 is electrically connected to the first balun arm 11221, and the first end of the second branch a5 is electrically connected to the second balun arm 11222. When the second radiation unit 113 (as Figure 4 shown) works, since both the first balun arm 11221 and the second balun arm 11222 are in the magnetic field of the second radiation unit 113, induction currents with a second frequency f 2 will be generated in both the first balun arm 11221 and the second balun arm 11222, and the directions of the induction currents are the same. At this time, the first end of the first branch a4 is electrically connected to the first balun arm 11221, and then a current with a direction opposite to the current in the first balun arm 11221 is generated, thereby weakening the magnetic field generated by the first balun arm 11221. Similarly, the second branch a5 can weaken the magnetic field generated by the second balun arm 11222. Thus, the intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the first radiation unit 112 (as Figure 4 shown) is weakened.

[0096] Furthermore, continuing as Figure 8AAs shown, the number of the main annular branches 11231 can be two. The first antenna oscillator 1121 further includes a second dipole oscillator 11212, and the second dipole oscillator 11212 includes a third sub-oscillator b3 and a fourth sub-oscillator b4. The first balun structure 1122 further includes a third balun arm 11223 and a fourth balun arm 11224. The third balun arm 11223 is connected to the third sub-oscillator b3, and the fourth balun arm 11224 is connected to the fourth sub-oscillator b4. The third sub-oscillator b3 and the metal bottom plate 111 can transmit radio frequency signals through the third balun arm 11223, and the fourth sub-oscillator b4 and the metal bottom plate 111 can transmit radio frequency signals through the fourth balun arm 11224, so as to complete the radio frequency signal exchange between the second dipole oscillator 11212 of the first radiation unit 112 (as Figure 4 shown) and other devices. Moreover, the first dipole oscillator 11211 and the second dipole oscillator 11212 work in the transceiver duplex mode at the same time, saving the number of the first radiation units 112 required to be set in the antenna array 11.

[0097] Exemplarily, the above-mentioned first balun structure can be a cross-shaped balun structure or a linear balun structure. The above-mentioned second balun structure can be a cross-shaped balun structure or a linear balun structure.

[0098] Continuing as Figure 8A shown, the first end of the first branch a4 of one of the main annular branches 11231 is electrically connected to the first balun arm 11221, and the first end of the second branch a5 is electrically connected to the second balun arm 11222; the first end of the first branch a4 of the other main annular branch 11231 is electrically connected to the third balun arm 11223, and the first end of the second branch a5 is electrically connected to the fourth balun arm 11224. Moreover, the same as the above embodiment, the first branch a4 of one of the main annular branches 11231 can weaken the magnetic field generated by the first balun arm 11221, and the second branch a5 of this main annular branch 11231 can weaken the magnetic field generated by the second balun arm 11222. The first branch a4 of the other main annular branch 11231 can weaken the magnetic field generated by the third balun arm 11223, and the second branch a5 of this main annular branch 11231 can weaken the magnetic field generated by the fourth balun arm 11224. Furthermore, the intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the first radiation unit 112 (as Figure 4 shown) is weakened.

[0099] The above embodiment, as Figure 8A shown, takes the decoupling structure 1123 including 2 main annular branches 11231 as an example. In other embodiments of the present application, the number of the main annular branches 11231 can also be other numbers.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present application, continuing as Figure 8AAs shown, one end of two main annular branches 11231 is electrically connected to the metal base plate 111. At this time, different main annular branches 11231 are connected in parallel, making the total inductance and total inductive reactance of the decoupling structure 1123 smaller, and thus increasing the magnitude of the current in the decoupling structure 1123. Further, when an induced current is generated in the first balun structure 1122, the current in the decoupling structure 1123 is closer to the magnitude of the current in the first balun structure 1122, making the magnetic field intensity generated by the decoupling structure 1123 close to the magnetic field intensity generated by the first balun structure 1122, improving the reverse cancellation effect and achieving the purpose of reducing the interference of the first radiation unit 112 (such as Figure 4 as shown) in the antenna array 11 to the second radiation unit 113 (such as Figure 4 as shown).

[0101] In addition, according to the frequency formula of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the LC oscillation circuit:

[0102]

[0103] where: f is the frequency of the radiated electromagnetic wave, L is the inductive reactance of the current path, and C is the capacitive reactance of the current path.

[0104] When the total inductance of the decoupling structure 1123 is smaller, the decoupling structure 1123 can be applicable to the operating frequency of a smaller second radiation unit 113, and the operating frequency band applicable to the second radiation unit 113 by the decoupling structure 1123 is wider.

[0105] Such as Figure 8A as shown, the electrical connector a6 is a sheet structure and is parallel to the metal base plate 111. At this time, compared with the linear structure, the capacitance of the sheet structure is smaller and the capacitive reactance is larger. Further, the capacitive reactance of the main annular branch 11231 is larger. According to the above frequency formula of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the LC oscillation circuit, the capacitive reactance is inversely proportional to the frequency. At this time, the decoupling structure 1123 can be applicable to the operating frequency of a smaller second radiation unit 113 (such as Figure 4 as shown), and the operating frequency band applicable to the second radiation unit 113 by the decoupling structure 1123 is wider.

[0106] In the above embodiments, Figure 8A as shown, taking the electrical connector a6 as a sheet structure as an example, in other embodiments of the present application, the electrical connector a6 can also be a structure of other shapes, such as a linear structure.

[0107] In some embodiments of the present application, such as Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown, the decoupling structure 1123 further includes at least one auxiliary annular stub 11232. The auxiliary annular stub 11232 is disposed on the side of the main annular stub 11231 away from the metal base plate 111, and one end of each auxiliary annular stub 11232 facing the metal base plate 111 is electrically connected to the main annular stub 11231. At this time, the main annular stub 11231 and the auxiliary annular stub 11232 are in parallel, so that the total inductance of the decoupling structure 1123 after parallel connection is smaller, and the total inductive reactance is also smaller. According to the frequency formula of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the above-mentioned LC oscillation circuit, the inductive reactance is inversely proportional to the frequency. At this time, the decoupling structure 1123 can be applied to the operating frequency of a smaller second radiation unit 113 (such as Figure 4 shown), so that the decoupling structure 1123 can be applied to a wider operating frequency band of the second radiation unit 113.

[0108] As described above, the above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna array, characterized in that, it includes: a metal bottom plate; The first radiation unit, having a first frequency f 1 ; The first radiation unit includes: a first antenna oscillator; a first balun structure, located between the first antenna oscillator and the metal bottom plate, and the first balun structure is electrically connected to the first antenna oscillator and the metal bottom plate; a decoupling structure, insulated from the metal bottom plate, the decoupling structure includes at least one main annular branch, the main annular branch is located between the first antenna oscillator and the metal bottom plate; wherein, at least a part of the main annular branch is arranged crosswise with the metal bottom plate, one end of the main annular branch facing away from the metal bottom plate has a first opening, and both ends of the main annular branch at the first opening are electrically connected to the first balun structure; The second radiation unit is disposed on the metal bottom plate, and the second radiation unit has a second frequency f 2 , f 2 < f 1 .

2. The antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that, the main annular branch includes: a first branch, at least a part of which is arranged crosswise with the metal bottom plate; a second branch, at least a part of which is arranged crosswise with the metal bottom plate; the first branch and the second branch are respectively located on both sides of the first balun structure, the first end of the first branch and the first end of the second branch are respectively electrically connected to the first balun structure; there is the first opening between the first end of the first branch and the first end of the second branch; an electrical connection member, located between the first branch and the second branch, and electrically connected to the second end of the first branch and the second end of the second branch.

3. The antenna array according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first branch includes: a first horizontal branch, parallel to the metal bottom plate, and the end facing the first balun structure is electrically connected to the first balun structure; there is the first opening between the end of the first horizontal branch facing away from the first balun structure and the first end of the second branch; a first vertical branch, perpendicular to the metal bottom plate, the end of the first vertical branch facing away from the metal bottom plate is electrically connected to the end of the first horizontal branch facing away from the first balun structure, and the end of the first vertical branch facing the metal bottom plate is electrically connected to the electrical connection member.

4. The antenna array according to claim 3, characterized in that, the first vertical branch includes a first longitudinal section, a second longitudinal section and a first U-shaped section; the first longitudinal section is electrically connected to the end of the first horizontal branch facing away from the first balun structure, and the second longitudinal section is electrically connected to the electrical connection member; the first U-shaped section is arranged between the first longitudinal section and the second longitudinal section, and the first U-shaped section is respectively electrically connected to the first longitudinal section and the second longitudinal section.

5. The antenna array according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first branch is arranged crosswise with the metal bottom plate, the first end of the first branch is arranged close to the first balun structure, and the second end of the first branch is arranged far from the first balun structure.

6. The antenna array according to claim 2, characterized in that, the second branch includes: A second horizontal branch is parallel to the metal bottom plate and electrically connected to the first balun structure at one end thereof facing the first balun structure; the first opening is formed between one end of the second horizontal branch facing the first balun structure and the first end of the first branch; The second vertical branch is perpendicular to the metal base plate, one end of the second vertical branch away from the metal base plate is electrically connected to one end of the second horizontal branch away from the first balun structure, and one end of the second vertical branch facing the metal base plate is electrically connected to the electrical connector.

7. The antenna array according to any one of claims 2 to 6, It is characterized in that The first antenna element includes a first dipole element, and the first dipole element includes a first sub-element and a second sub-element; The first balun structure includes a first balun arm and a second balun arm, the first balun arm is connected to the first sub-oscillator, and the second balun arm is connected to the second sub-oscillator; the first end of the first branch is electrically connected to the first balun arm, and the first end of the second branch is electrically connected to the second balun arm.

8. The antenna array according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The number of the main annular branches is two, the first antenna element further includes a second dipole element, and the second dipole element includes a third sub-element and a fourth sub-element; The first balun structure further includes a third balun arm and a fourth balun arm, the third balun arm is connected to the third sub-oscillator, and the fourth balun arm is connected to the fourth sub-oscillator; The first end of the first branch of one of the main annular branches is electrically connected to the first balun arm, and the first end of the second branch is electrically connected to the second balun arm; The first end of the first branch of another of the main annular branches is electrically connected to the third balun arm, and the first end of the second branch is electrically connected to the fourth balun arm.

9. The antenna array according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The two main annular branches are electrically connected at one end facing the metal base plate.

10. The antenna array according to any one of claims 2 to 6, It is characterized in that The electrical connector is a sheet-like structure and is parallel to the metal bottom plate.

11. The antenna array according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The main annular branch comprises a first part and a second part, the electrical lengths of the first part and the second part are equal; and an end of the first part away from the metal bottom plate and an end of the second part away from the metal bottom plate have the first opening; The first balun structure includes a first balun arm and a second balun arm, both of which are connected to the metal base plate; an end of the first part away from the metal base plate is electrically connected to the first balun arm, and the length of the first part is D 1 , the distance between the connection point between the first part and the first balun arm and the connection point between the first balun arm and the metal base plate is H 1 , and λ H / 4≤D 1 +H 1 ≤λ L / 2; One end of the second part facing away from the metal base plate is electrically connected to the second balun arm, and the length of the second part is D 2 The distance between the connection point of the second part and the second balun arm and the connection point of the second balun arm and the metal base plate is H 2 , and λ H / 4 ≤ D 2 + H 2 ≤ λ L / 2; Where: λ H is the wavelength corresponding to the first frequency f 1 of the first radiation unit, and λ L is the wavelength corresponding to the second frequency f 2 of the second radiation unit.

12. The antenna array according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The decoupling structure further comprises at least one secondary annular branch; The auxiliary annular branches are arranged on a side of the main annular branches away from the metal bottom plate, and one end of each auxiliary annular branch facing the metal bottom plate is electrically connected to the main annular branch.

13. An antenna structure, It is characterized in that It comprises the antenna array as described in any one of claims 1-12, the antenna structure also includes a radome, and the antenna array is arranged in the radome.

14. A communication device, It is characterized in that Including the antenna structure as described in claim 13, the communication device further includes: a communication bracket, and the antenna structure is disposed on the communication bracket.

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