Piezoelectric walking energy recovery device and driving simulation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a piezoelectric walking energy recovery device and a driving simulation method, and the device comprises a stress assembly which comprises a stress plate; the piezoelectric energy harvesting assembly comprises an elastic base, piezoelectric ceramic arranged on one side of the elastic base and a conducting strip attached to the piezoelectric ceramic, the elastic base is of a hollow structure, the piezoelectric ceramic is divided into a first polarization area and a second polarization area, the second polarization area is arranged on the periphery of the first polarization area, and the conducting strip is attached to the piezoelectric ceramic. The polarization directions of the first polarization region and the second polarization region are opposite; the transmission part is arranged between the stress plate and the piezoelectric ceramic, and the transmission part abuts against the first polarization area; according to the invention, the two regions with different polarization directions are arranged on the piezoelectric ceramic, and the polarities of charges generated by the two regions are the same, so that the overall offset of the charges can be reduced, and the output efficiency of electric energy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power generation, and in particular to a piezoelectric walking energy recovery device and a driving simulation method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of microelectronics technology and the significant reduction in the power consumption of electronic devices, it has become more feasible to collect energy from the surrounding environment to drive low-power devices. There is a lot of energy that can be collected and utilized in the daily surrounding environment, such as solar energy, thermal energy, wind energy, and mechanical energy. Among them, vibration energy, as a form of mechanical energy, is widely distributed in the surrounding environment and has great development potential and broad application prospects. Among various ways of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, piezoelectric energy harvesting devices have attracted much attention due to their advantages such as simple structure, high output voltage, and large electromechanical coupling coefficient.

[0003] In the past two decades, the performance of common piezoelectric energy harvesting devices such as piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) has been continuously developed. Piezoelectric energy harvesters convert mechanical energy into electrical energy for storage through the mechanical-electrical coupling characteristics of piezoelectric materials, realizing the utilization of mechanical energy in the surrounding environment. However, traditional piezoelectric energy harvesters have a linear structure and can only effectively collect energy near the resonance frequency point. It is difficult to collect energy from wide-band vibration, ultra-low-frequency vibration, and multi-directional vibration. Moreover, the piezoelectric materials of piezoelectric energy harvesters use the same polarization direction on both sides of the stress node, resulting in opposite polarities of the generated charges, and a part of the charges cancel each other out in the circuit, leading to a low energy collection efficiency of the piezoelectric energy harvester. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem that in the prior art, the piezoelectric materials of piezoelectric energy harvesters use the same polarization direction on both sides of the stress node, and during the deformation process of the piezoelectric materials, some of the generated charges inside are cancelled out, resulting in a reduction in the effective output of the piezoelectric energy harvester. Furthermore, a piezoelectric walking energy recovery device and a driving simulation method are provided. By setting two regions with different polarization directions on the piezoelectric material, the polarities of the charges generated in the two regions are the same, which helps to reduce the overall cancellation of charges and thus improves the output efficiency of electrical energy.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a piezoelectric walking energy recovery device, including, A force-bearing component, which includes a force-bearing plate; A piezoelectric energy harvesting component, which includes an elastic base, a piezoelectric ceramic disposed on one side of the elastic base, and a conductive sheet attached to the piezoelectric ceramic. The elastic base is provided as a hollow structure. The piezoelectric ceramic is divided into a first polarization region and a second polarization region. Among them, the second polarization region is disposed on the periphery of the first polarization region, and the polarization directions of the first polarization region and the second polarization region are opposite; A transmission member, which is disposed between the force-receiving plate and the piezoelectric ceramic, and the transmission member abuts against the first polarization region.

[0006] In an embodiment of the present invention, the transmission member is provided with a contact plane, and the transmission member abuts against the first polarization region through the contact plane, and the contact plane coincides with the first polarization region.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present invention, the transmission member is provided with a hollow cavity and a wire passing hole penetrating through the hollow cavity, and a wire passes through the wire passing hole and the hollow cavity to connect the conductive sheet.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first polarization region is provided as a circular shape, the second polarization region is provided as an annular shape, and the first polarization region and the second polarization region are concentrically arranged.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the transmission member is provided as a frustum of a cone, the top surface of the frustum of the cone is aligned with the force-receiving plate, and the bottom surface of the frustum of the cone contacts the first polarization region.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, the elastic base is provided as an elastic cylinder, the piezoelectric ceramic and the conductive sheet are fixedly disposed on the end surface of the elastic cylinder, the conductive sheet is disposed between the elastic cylinder and the piezoelectric ceramic, and the end surface of the elastic cylinder is larger than the piezoelectric ceramic and the conductive sheet.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, the force-receiving component further includes a fixed bottom plate and a baffle. The baffle is vertically fixed to the baffle on the periphery of the force-receiving plate, and the baffle extends along the periphery of the force-receiving plate. The force-receiving plate and the baffle enclose a receiving chamber with an opening. The fixed bottom plate is located in the receiving chamber, and the four sides of the fixed bottom plate abut against the inner wall of the baffle. A plurality of the piezoelectric energy harvesting components are located in the receiving chamber and are arranged in an array on the fixed bottom plate.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fixed bottom plate is provided with a positioning groove, the positioning groove is in imitation matching with the elastic base, and the elastic base is disposed in the positioning groove.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, an elastic element is further included and disposed between the fixed bottom plate and the force-bearing plate. One end of the elastic element is connected to the fixed bottom plate, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the force-bearing plate.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the area of the first polarization region is larger than the area of the second polarization region.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the transmission member is made of a rigid material or an elastic material.

[0016] A driving simulation method is also provided, which uses the piezoelectric walking energy recovery device described above to perform simulation power generation, and includes the following steps: S1: Place the external force mechanism above the piezoelectric walking energy recovery device; S2: Use the external force mechanism to step on the force-bearing plate so that the force-bearing plate is bent under force; S3: The force-bearing plate presses down on the transmission member, the transmission member presses down on the first polarization region, the first polarization region deforms under compressive stress to generate positive charges, and the second polarization region deforms under tensile stress to generate positive charges; S4: The conductive sheet collects the electrical energy on the piezoelectric ceramic and stores it in the battery through the energy storage circuit; S5: The external force mechanism completes the stepping back; S6: The elastic element drives the force-bearing plate to reset.

[0017] The above technical solutions of the present invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art: For the piezoelectric walking energy recovery device of the present invention, when the piezoelectric ceramic deforms, the polarities of the charges generated in the first polarization region and the second polarization region are the same, and the charges of the piezoelectric ceramic as a whole cancel each other out greatly, resulting in a much larger voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic, which improves the effective output of the piezoelectric energy harvesting component; the end face of the transmission member coincides with the first polarization region, so that the stress is concentrated in the first polarization region, improving the deformation effect of the first polarization region, maximizing the piezoelectric effect, and improving the energy conversion efficiency; the transmission member is used to fully transfer the compressive stress of the force-bearing plate to the piezoelectric energy harvesting component, improving the conversion efficiency of mechanical energy; the elastic base is used to buffer the piezoelectric ceramic to prevent the piezoelectric ceramic from being damaged by the compressive stress; the elastic base is arranged in a hollow structure, and the compressive stress of the force-bearing plate is fully converted into the deformation of the elastic base, so that the piezoelectric ceramic is fully stressed, thereby improving the energy recovery efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0018] In order to make the content of the present invention easier to be clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below according to the specific embodiments of the present invention and in conjunction with the drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the perspective view of the piezoelectric walking energy recovery device according to the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the elastic base and piezoelectric ceramics shown; Figure 3 is Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the fixed base plate shown; Figure 4 is Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the transmission member shown; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the initial contact stage between the sole of the foot and the force-bearing plate; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the steady-state pressure application stage between the sole of the foot and the force-bearing plate; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the pressure release stage between the sole of the foot and the force-bearing plate; Figure 8 is Figure 6 Enlarged view of the location A shown;

[0020] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings of the specification: 1, force-bearing plate; 11, baffle; 2, fixed base plate; 21, positioning groove; 22, positioning screw hole; 3, piezoelectric energy harvesting component; 31, elastic base; 311, end face; 32, piezoelectric ceramic; 321, first polarization region; 322, second polarization region; 33, conductive sheet; 4, transmission member; 41, contact plane; 42, hollow cavity; 43, wire passing hole; 5, elastic element. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the specific embodiments given are not intended to limit the present invention. Embodiment

[0022] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the present invention provides a piezoelectric walking energy recovery device, including, a force-bearing component, which includes a force-bearing plate 1; a piezoelectric energy harvesting component, which includes an elastic base 31, a piezoelectric ceramic 32 disposed on one side of the elastic base 31, and a conductive sheet 33 attached to the piezoelectric ceramic 32. The elastic base 31 is provided as a hollow structure. The piezoelectric ceramic 32 is divided into a first polarization region 321 and a second polarization region 322. Among them, the second polarization region 322 is disposed on the periphery of the first polarization region 321, and the polarization directions of the first polarization region 321 and the second polarization region 322 are opposite; The transmission member 4 is disposed between the force-bearing plate 1 and the piezoelectric ceramic 32, and the transmission member 4 abuts against the first polarization region 321.

[0023] In the piezoelectric walking energy recovery device described in this embodiment, since the piezoelectric ceramic 32 is divided into a first polarization region 321 and a second polarization region 322 with opposite polarities, when the force-bearing plate 1 is stepped on, the pressure of the force-bearing plate 1 acts only on the first polarization region 321 through the transmission member 4. Therefore, the first polarization region 321 generates positive charges due to compressive stress deformation, and the second polarization region 322 generates positive charges due to tensile stress. The charges generated in the two regions have the same polarity (both are positive charges), and the total voltage is enhanced by superposition, avoiding charge cancellation, effectively improving the output efficiency of the piezoelectric energy harvesting component. After the conductive sheet 33 collects the electrical energy on the piezoelectric ceramic 32, it is stored in the battery through the storage circuit, realizing the utilization of mechanical energy. Further, the elastic base 31 is provided as a hollow structure with high toughness and high elasticity. The elastic base 31 can fully convert the pressure of the force-bearing plate 1 into the deformation amount of the piezoelectric ceramic 32, improving the conversion efficiency of mechanical energy and reducing the risk of damage to the piezoelectric ceramic 32.

[0024] The transmission member 4 is disposed between the force-bearing plate 1 and the piezoelectric ceramic 32, and is used to fully transfer the pressure of the force-bearing plate 1 to the piezoelectric ceramic 32, and can respond quickly to the pressure of the force-bearing plate 1. Moreover, the transmission member 4 is disposed on the side of the piezoelectric ceramic 32 opposite to the side where the elastic base 31 is provided, ensuring that the elastic base 31 can exert a reaction force on the piezoelectric ceramic 32 and improving the buffering effect.

[0025] In this embodiment, the transmission member 4 is provided with a contact plane 41. The transmission member 4 abuts against the first polarization region 321 through the contact plane 41, and the contact plane 41 coincides with the first polarization region 321, that is, the contact plane 41 just completely covers the first polarization region 321, ensuring that the acting force of the force-bearing plate 1 is fully transmitted to the first polarization region 321, avoiding the pressure of the transmission member 4 from being dispersed to the edge of the second polarization region 322, causing partial charge cancellation between the two polarization regions, and also making the stress more concentrated, so that the first polarization region 321 generates the maximum compressive deformation and significantly improves the charge generation efficiency.

[0026] In this embodiment, the force-bearing plate 1 is provided as a thin plate structure, which can be slightly bent when compressed to transfer the pressure to the transmission member 4.

[0027] Further, the transmission member 4 is provided with a hollow cavity 42 and a wire passing hole 43 penetrating through the hollow cavity 42. The wire passing hole 43 is located on the side surface of the transmission member 4, and the hollow cavity 42 penetrates through the contact plane 41. Since the contact plane 41 of the transmission member 4 completely covers the first polarization region 321, wires can pass through the wire passing hole 43 and the hollow cavity 42 to connect to the conductive sheet, realizing the collection of electric energy and preventing mechanical damage to the wires.

[0028] In other embodiments, the hollow cavity 42 can be set as a fine hole, and the diameter of the fine hole just matches that of the wire. The fine hole can ensure a relatively large contact area between the contact plane 41 and the first polarization region 321, ensuring sufficient deformation of the first polarization region 321.

[0029] Further, the conductive sheet 33 is set as a thin copper sheet with a diameter of 27 mm.

[0030] Further, the diameter of the piezoelectric ceramic 32 is 20 mm.

[0031] Refer to Figure 2 As shown, further, the first polarization region 321 is set as circular, the second polarization region 322 is set as circular ring-shaped, and the first polarization region 321 and the second polarization region 322 are concentrically arranged, avoiding edge stress dispersion and enhancing the charge density per unit area.

[0032] Further, the ratio of the radius of the first polarization region 321 to the outer radius of the second polarization region 322 is 0.707.

[0033] Refer to Figure 4 As shown, further, the transmission member 4 is set as a frustum of a cone. The top surface of the frustum of the cone faces the force-bearing plate 1, and the bottom surface of the frustum of the cone contacts the first polarization region 321. The bottom surface of the frustum of the cone is larger than the top surface, which can improve the stability of the transmission member 4.

[0034] Further, the bottom surface of the frustum of the cone and the first polarization region 321 are adhesively bonded.

[0035] Further, the top diameter of the frustum of the cone is 4 mm, the bottom diameter is 6 mm, and the height is 10 mm.

[0036] Refer to Figure 2 As shown, further, the elastic base 31 is set as a hollow elastic cylinder with a diameter of 32 mm and a height of 12 mm. The piezoelectric ceramic 32 and the conductive sheet 33 are fixedly arranged on the end face 311 of the elastic cylinder. Specifically, the conductive sheet 33 is arranged between the elastic cylinder and the piezoelectric ceramic 32. The end face 311 of the elastic cylinder is larger than the piezoelectric ceramic 32 and the conductive sheet 33, providing uniform support and avoiding cracking caused by edge stress concentration of the piezoelectric ceramic 32.

[0037] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 as shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the force-bearing component further includes a fixed bottom plate 2 and a baffle 11. The baffle 11 is vertically fixed to the periphery of the force-bearing plate 1, and the baffle 11 extends along the periphery of the force-bearing plate 1. The force-bearing plate 1 and the baffle 11 enclose a closed accommodation chamber with an opening. The fixed bottom plate 2 is covered in the accommodation chamber, and the four sides of the fixed bottom plate 2 abut against or are fixed to the inner wall of the baffle 11. Further, a plurality of piezoelectric energy harvesting components 3 are located in the accommodation chamber and are arranged in an array on the fixed bottom plate 2, and each piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3 is located directly below the force-bearing plate 1. The force-bearing plate 1 can withstand the trampling behavior and transfer the trampling mechanical energy to the piezoelectric energy harvesting components 3 below to convert it into electrical energy. The fixed bottom plate 2, the baffle 11, and the force-bearing plate 1 can protect the piezoelectric energy harvesting components 3 and avoid direct erosion by external dust, water vapor, and mechanical collision.

[0038] Referring to Figure 4 as shown, further, it includes four piezoelectric energy harvesting components 3, so that the force-bearing plate 1 covers diverse trampling behaviors and environmental requirements, and at the same time reduces the risk of single-point failure.

[0039] Further, the fixed bottom plate 2 is a rectangular thin plate. The force-bearing plate 1 and the baffle 11 together can be regarded as a bottomless cuboid box body. The rectangular thin plate just matches the bottom opening of the cuboid box body. The device has a simple appearance and seamlessly integrates with the building environment (such as floor tiles, steps).

[0040] Further, the cuboid box body composed of the fixed bottom plate 2, the force-bearing plate 1, and the baffle 11 is made of stainless steel material. The length of the fixed bottom plate 2 is 150 mm, the width is 150 mm, and the height is 5 mm. The length of the cuboid box body is 155 mm, the width is 155 mm, and the thickness is 5 mm.

[0041] Referring to Figure 3 as shown, further, four circular positioning grooves 21 are provided on the fixed bottom plate 2. The positioning grooves 21 are in imitation matching with the cylindrical elastic bases 31. The elastic bases 31 are arranged in the positioning grooves 21. The position of each piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3 is accurate, avoiding uneven stress distribution caused by installation deviation.

[0042] Further, the diameter of the positioning groove 21 is 32 mm and the depth is 2 mm.

[0043] Referring to Figure 1In one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes an elastic element 5 disposed between the fixed bottom plate 2 and the force-bearing plate 1. One end of the elastic element 5 is connected to the fixed bottom plate 2, and the other end of the elastic element 5 is connected to the force-bearing plate 1. The elastic element 5 has a height of 18 mm, a diameter of 10 mm, and a spring constant of 65 N / mm. The elastic element 5 can buffer the force-bearing plate 1 and also accelerate the reset of the force-bearing plate 1, shortening the cycle period.

[0044] In this embodiment, the elastic element 5 is preferably a spring.

[0045] Refer to Figure 3 As shown, further, both the force-bearing plate 1 and the fixed bottom plate 2 are provided with positioning screw holes 22, and both ends of the elastic element 5 pass through the positioning screw holes 22 and are tightened.

[0046] Further, the transmission member 4 is made of a rigid material. Compared with an elastic material, a rigid material cannot store potential energy and can accurately transfer mechanical energy to the first polarization region 321, avoiding energy loss. In other embodiments, the transmission member 4 can be composed of an elastic material, and the deformation of the transmission member 4 itself disperses the impact and protects the piezoelectric ceramic 32.

[0047] The working principle of the piezoelectric walking energy recovery device of the present invention is as follows: The piezoelectric walking energy recovery device is installed on the walkway, and it is ensured that the surface of the force-bearing plate 1 is flush with the road surface. When a person's foot steps on the force-bearing plate 1, the elastic element 5 is compressed, the force-bearing plate 1 bends downward, pressing the transmission member 4 against the piezoelectric ceramic 32. The elastic base 31 deforms to amplify the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic 32. The first polarization region 321 generates positive charges under compressive stress, and the second polarization region 322 generates positive charges under tensile stress. The piezoelectric ceramic 32 generates electricity quickly due to strain polarization. The charges pass through the conductive sheet 33 and the energy storage circuit and are stored in the battery. After the person's foot leaves the force-bearing plate 1, the elastic element 5 recovers and pushes the force-bearing plate 1 to reset. The first polarization region 321 generates negative charges under tensile stress, and the second polarization region 322 generates negative charges under compressive stress. Similarly, the charges pass through the conductive sheet 33 and the energy storage circuit and are stored in the battery. Embodiment

[0048] Refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also provides a driving simulation method, which uses the piezoelectric walking energy recovery device described in Embodiment 1 for simulation power generation, and it includes the following steps: S1: Place the external force mechanism above the piezoelectric walking energy recovery device; S2: Use the external force mechanism to step on the force-bearing plate, causing the force-bearing plate to bend under force; S3: The force-bearing plate presses down on the transmission member, the transmission member presses down on the first polarization region, the first polarization region deforms under compressive stress to generate positive charges, and the second polarization region deforms under tensile stress to generate positive and negative charges; S4: The conductive sheet collects the electrical energy on the piezoelectric ceramic and stores it in the battery through an energy storage circuit; S5: The external force mechanism completes the stepping back and retraction; S6: The elastic element drives the force-bearing plate to reset.

[0049] Advantages of the driving simulation method of the present invention: The driving simulation method accurately simulates the walking of pedestrians through specific technical means such as charge cancellation optimization, mechanical transmission amplification, and fast reset mechanism, can improve the pain points in aspects such as poor user experience, and has significant advantages of high efficiency, reliability, and economy.

[0050] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A piezoelectric walking energy recovery device, characterized in that: include, A force bearing assembly, comprising a force bearing plate; A piezoelectric energy-harvesting component, comprising an elastic base, a piezoelectric ceramic disposed on one side of the elastic base, and a conductive sheet attached to the piezoelectric ceramic, wherein the elastic base is configured as a hollow structure, and the piezoelectric ceramic is divided into a first polarization region and a second polarization region, wherein the second polarization region is disposed at the periphery of the first polarization region, and the polarization directions of the first polarization region and the second polarization region are opposite; A transmission member is arranged between the force-bearing plate and the piezoelectric ceramic, and the transmission member abuts against the first polarization region.

2. A piezoelectric travel energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission member is provided with a contact plane, the transmission member abuts against the first polarization region through the contact plane, and the contact plane coincides with the first polarization region.

3. The piezoelectric travel energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission member is provided with a hollow cavity and a wire passing hole penetrating the hollow cavity, and a wire passes through the wire passing hole and the hollow cavity to connect with the conductive sheet.

4. The piezoelectric travel energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first polarization region is arranged in a circular shape, the second polarization region is arranged in a ring shape, and the first polarization region and the second polarization region are arranged concentrically.

5. The piezoelectric travel energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission member is configured as a truncated cone, the top surface of the truncated cone is configured to face the force-bearing plate, and the bottom surface of the truncated cone contacts the first polarization region.

6. The piezoelectric travel energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic base is configured as an elastic cylinder, the piezoelectric ceramic and the conductive sheet are fixedly disposed on the end surface of the elastic cylinder, the conductive sheet is disposed between the elastic cylinder and the piezoelectric ceramic, and the end surface of the elastic cylinder is larger than the piezoelectric ceramic and the conductive sheet.

7. The piezoelectric travel energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force-bearing component also includes a fixed base plate and a baffle, wherein the baffle is vertically fixed to the periphery of the force-bearing plate and extends along the periphery of the force-bearing plate. The force-bearing plate and the baffle enclose a containing chamber with an opening, the fixed base plate is located in the containing chamber, and the four sides of the fixed base plate are abutted against the inner wall of the baffle, and a plurality of the piezoelectric energy-capturing components are located in the containing chamber and are arranged in an array on the fixed base plate.

8. The piezoelectric travel energy recovery device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixed bottom plate is provided with a positioning groove, the positioning groove is matched with the elastic base in a contour, and the elastic base is arranged in the positioning groove.

9. The piezoelectric travel energy recovery device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an elastic element arranged between the fixed base plate and the force-bearing plate, one end of the elastic element is connected to the fixed base plate, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the force-bearing plate.

10. A driving simulation method, which uses a piezoelectric walking energy recovery device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 to simulate power generation, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: placing an external force mechanism above the piezoelectric walking energy recovery device; S2: using an external force mechanism to step on the force-bearing plate so that the force-bearing plate is bent under force; S3: The force plate presses down the transmission member, the transmission member presses down the first polarization region, the first polarization region is deformed by compressive stress to generate positive charge, and the second polarization region is deformed by tensile stress to generate positive charge; S4: The conductive sheet collects the electric energy on the piezoelectric ceramic and stores it in the battery through the energy storage circuit; S5: The external force mechanism completes the stepping and retracting; S6: The elastic element drives the force-bearing plate to reset.

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