Multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT, and the multi-user power monitoring system is realized by integrating application programs based on a message publishing and subscribing mode of the MQTT. The problems of data storage and interaction are solved by constructing a request / response mechanism and combining a local caching strategy; the MQTT communication system is integrated with enterprise WeChat, applets, APPs and the like, so that the network configuration problem is solved; data encryption and theme flow control are carried out by adopting a DES symmetric encryption algorithm, so that the data security is guaranteed; and data query, message receiving and instruction issuing functions are integrated on the enterprise WeChat platform, so that the user experience is improved. According to the invention, the problems of the existing power monitoring system in the aspects of data storage, network configuration, data communication and security, function integration and the like are effectively solved, and the security, convenience and user experience of the system are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power monitoring, and specifically to a multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT. Background Art

[0002] In the current development process of power monitoring systems, a series of key problems need to be solved urgently. These problems seriously restrict the performance, security, and user experience of the systems.

[0003] I. Difficulty in data storage: Traditional power monitoring systems highly rely on MQTT and databases of cloud servers to store data. This not only significantly increases the costs of enterprises in server leasing, maintenance, and data storage, but also brings severe data management risks. Once the cloud server fails, suffers from a cyber attack, or experiences a data leakage incident, the power monitoring data of users will face the huge risks of being lost or illegally obtained, seriously threatening the stable operation of the power system and the privacy security of user data. In addition, the way of storing the power data of each tenant of each power monitoring system on the server side does not conform to the data asset management security regulations, causing potential security risks to the power data assets of tenants. Each power customer hopes that the power monitoring data can preferably be stored in the database of the enterprise's local system.

[0004] II. Dilemma in network configuration: If the power monitoring data is stored in the server of the enterprise user's power monitoring system, the existing power monitoring systems require users to be equipped with their own public IP addresses, domain names, and separate application programs to provide data query, SMS reminder, and instruction issuing. However, for many small enterprises or users, obtaining public IP addresses, domain names, and application program management and maintenance requires cumbersome application processes and additional cost expenditures, which undoubtedly greatly increases the usage threshold. At the same time, maintaining separate application program accounts also requires certain human and time costs, severely restricting the wide popularization and promotion of power monitoring systems. For a conventional frp mode network passthrough solution, power customers also need to apply for a cloud server, with complex configuration and certain security risks, which is not conducive to the realization of compliance functions of various query applications of the application program.

[0005] III. Data communication and security hazards: When using MQTT for data communication, there are many drawbacks. The broadcast message transmission method of MQTT makes data extremely easy to be eavesdropped by others, especially the sensitive data of power monitoring. Once illegally obtained, it is very likely to be used for malicious attacks or damage to the power system. In addition, as the number of users and devices accessing the system continues to climb, the data traffic will increase sharply, which may cause network congestion, seriously affecting the real-time performance and stability of data transmission. Moreover, it is difficult to achieve effective security isolation for the data of different power companies during the transmission and storage processes.

[0006] 4. Insufficient functional integration: Traditional power monitoring systems often implement functions such as power monitoring data query, application short message reception and command issuance separately, lacking effective integration. This causes users to frequently switch between different systems or platforms during use, which is cumbersome and seriously reduces work efficiency. In addition, data interaction and coordination between different functions are difficult, which cannot meet users' needs for convenient and efficient management of power monitoring systems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to propose a multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT to effectively solve the problems existing in the existing power monitoring system in terms of data storage, network configuration, data communication and security, and functional integration, and significantly improve the security, convenience, and user experience of the system. The technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows: A multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT, including the following modules: Data interaction module: The user initiates a query request and sends the query conditions and user ID to the operation and maintenance company server through WebSocket; the operation and maintenance company server finds the station to which the device belongs based on the query conditions and user ID, and packages the query conditions and user ID and publishes them to the [ / elec / device / get / {StationID}] topic of the cloud MQTT server; the user's power monitoring system listens to the cloud MQTT server to subscribe to the relevant topics of the station to which the device belongs, obtains data based on the query conditions and user ID, and publishes the data to the [ / elec / device / get_reply / {StationID}] topic of the cloud MQTT server; after the operation and maintenance company server listens to the topic, it returns the data to the user through WebSocket for display; Network communication module: The user power monitoring system acts as an MQTT client, creates and subscribes to a specific MQTT topic based on the user ID; the operation and maintenance company uses the application to realize the conversion between operation requests and MQTT messages; the user end connects to the Internet through the internal network configuration and port mapping of the operation and maintenance company's server, without the need for a public IP and domain name; Security and traffic control module: encrypt MQTT communication data and set up a password authentication mechanism; set data from different users as different MQTT topics and control the number of concurrent requests; Function realization module: including data query unit, SMS alarm unit and command issuing unit, specifically: Data query unit: Design the data query interface in the application, and perform paging display and data statistical analysis on the query results from the data interaction module; SMS Alarm Unit: The MQTT server pushes important real-time data change information to the operation and maintenance company's server through the [ / elec / device / alarm / {StationID}] topic, and then the operation and maintenance company's server sends SMS messages to notify the user side; Command Issuance Unit: Design a command issuance interface, check the legality of the command, and record the command execution information.

[0008] Preferably, the user power monitoring system includes a server or a workstation. The user power monitoring system sets up a local cache for storing historical data; the operation and maintenance company's server sets up a local temporary cache for temporarily storing data frequently queried recently.

[0009] Preferably, in the data interaction module, text data is directly returned, and picture data is returned using Base64 encoding.

[0010] Preferably, in the network communication module, the MQTT client periodically sends heartbeat packets to the server to maintain the connection.

[0011] Preferably, in the security and traffic control module, SSL / TLS encryption protocol is used for encryption.

[0012] Preferably, in the data query unit, data statistical analysis includes calculating the average value, maximum value, minimum value, and standard deviation, and presenting them in the form of charts or tables.

[0013] Preferably, in the SMS alarm unit, the SMS message includes device warning information and maintenance notices, and the application program sets up a message reminder mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, in the instruction issuing unit, after the user inputs an instruction at the client side, the application checks the legality of the instruction. After the check passes, the instruction is converted into a WebSocket message together with the user ID and sent to the operation and maintenance company's server. After receiving the message, the operation and maintenance company's server conducts a secondary verification. After the secondary verification passes, the instruction is sent to the [ / elec / device / set / {UserID} / {StationID}] topic corresponding to the MQTT server. After the user power monitoring system subscribes to this topic and receives the instruction, it parses the content and determines whether it can issue an instruction to the device based on the user's permissions. If the permission passes, the instruction is reassembled into a new JSON string according to the configuration information of the device and variables and sent to the [ / sys / thing / node / property / set / {UserID} / {GetwayID}] topic of the local MQTT server. After the gateway subscribes to this topic and obtains the instruction, the instruction is written into the device through the Modbus RTU / TCP or Siemens S7 protocol, and the execution result is fed back to the local MQTT server in the form of an MQTT message through the [ / sys / thing / node / property / set_reply / {UserID} / {GetwayID}] topic. After the user power monitoring system subscribes to this topic and receives the feedback information, the feedback information is reassembled into a new JSON string and sent to the [ / elec / device / set_reply / {UserID} / {StationID}] topic of the cloud MQTT server. Finally, the operation and maintenance server listens and subscribes to this topic and forwards it to the user side through WebSocket.

[0015] Preferably, in the instruction issuing unit, the instruction legality check includes the instruction format, instruction content, and instruction permissions.

[0016] Preferably, in the instruction issuing unit, during the instruction issuing process, the instruction sending time, instruction content, receiving device, execution result, and execution time information are recorded.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: First, it does not rely on the cloud database to store data, effectively reducing the data management cost and risk, while ensuring the privacy and security of user data. Users can flexibly manage their historical data through the local cache mechanism, avoiding data loss or leakage caused by cloud server problems. The server side does not need to save the data of each power monitoring system workstation, reducing the storage pressure on the power operation and maintenance company, and more effectively ensuring the data security of each power company.

[0018] II. Users do not need to own a public IP address, domain name, and separate application programs, which reduces the usage threshold and cost. As an intermediate bridge, the operation and maintenance company's server enables the user device to communicate with the system as long as it can connect to the Internet, facilitating the use of small enterprises and users. Without a complex network passthrough mode, rich query applications can be realized, improving the simplicity and security of network configuration.

[0019] III. By adopting an encryption and password authentication mechanism, data eavesdropping is effectively prevented, ensuring the security of data communication. Through topic differentiation and traffic control, the problem of excessive traffic is avoided, ensuring the real-time and stable transmission of power monitoring data. Combined with local data storage, the data security of each power company is comprehensively guaranteed.

[0020] IV. Functions such as power monitoring data query, application program short message reception, and instruction issuance are integrated on the application program platform, meeting the personalized needs of different users, and improving the usage efficiency and convenience of the system. Users can complete various operations of the power monitoring system without switching between multiple systems. At the same time, based on the design of user ID and independent MQTT topics, the accuracy and efficiency of function implementation are further improved. Through data statistical analysis and visual display, users can quickly understand the operating status of the equipment and make scientific decisions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is the data interaction flowchart of the data interaction module of the present invention; Figure 2 is the data interaction flowchart of the short message alarm unit of the present invention; Figure 3 is the data interaction flowchart of the instruction issuance unit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] To make the above objects, features, and effects of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment 1: A multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT, comprising the following modules: Data interaction module: such as Figure 1 As shown, the user initiates a query request and sends the query conditions and user ID to the operation and maintenance company server through WebSocket; the operation and maintenance company server finds the station to which the device belongs based on the query conditions and user ID, and packages the query conditions and user ID and publishes them to the [ / elec / device / get / {StationID}] topic of the cloud MQTT server; the user power monitoring system includes a server or workstation, and the user power monitoring system listens to the cloud MQTT server to subscribe to the relevant topics of the station to which the device belongs, obtains data based on the query conditions and user ID, and publishes the data to the [ / elec / device / get_reply / {StationID}] topic of the cloud MQTT server; after the operation and maintenance company server listens to the topic, it returns the data to the user through WebSocket for display. Text data is returned directly, and image data is returned in Base64 encoding.

[0025] Since it does not rely on cloud database storage, the user power monitoring system sets up a local cache to store historical data; the operation and maintenance company server sets up a local temporary cache to temporarily store the data that has been frequently queried recently. In this way, the server does not need to save the database data of each power monitoring system workstation, and the data of each power company is retained locally, which ensures data security from the root of storage and reduces the pressure on the power operation and maintenance company server to store user data.

[0026] Network communication module: The user power monitoring system acts as an MQTT client, creates and subscribes to specific MQTT topics based on the user ID, such as:

/ elec / device / get / {UserID} / {StationID}

/ elec / device / set / {UserID} / {StationID}

[0027] The operation and maintenance company realizes the conversion between operation requests and MQTT messages through an application. The user's power monitoring system server or workstation only needs to have the ability to connect to the Internet. The operation and maintenance company's server acts as an intermediate bridge and is responsible for communicating with the user's equipment. The user's equipment does not require a public IP address and domain name. The operation and maintenance company's server establishes a connection with the user's equipment through internal network configuration and port mapping, etc.

[0028] Security and traffic control module: Encrypts MQTT communication data. For example, it uses the SSL / TLS encryption protocol and the DES symmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt the data to prevent data eavesdropping, ensure that the data is not stolen or tampered with during transmission, protect the privacy of users and the security of the power system, and regularly update the encryption key to improve encryption security.

[0029] Set up a user authentication mechanism on the MQTT server side. When the user's equipment connects to the MQTT server, it needs to provide the correct username and password. Only the equipment that passes the authentication can communicate with the server, preventing illegal equipment from accessing the system.

[0030] Allocate an independent MQTT topic for each user terminal to ensure that the data traffic of different user terminals is isolated from each other. Regularly check the topic usage situation, clean up invalid or abnormal topics, and optimize the topic management strategy. Through the setting of topics, achieve precise management and control of different user data, and improve the security and stability of the system.

[0031] Control the traffic at the same time by setting the concurrent connection number and message processing rate of the MQTT server. Avoid network congestion caused by excessive traffic, ensure the real-time and reliability of data transmission. Dynamically adjust the traffic control parameters according to the system operation situation, optimize the system performance, and use technologies such as traffic shaping and queue management to classify different types of traffic to ensure the priority transmission of critical business traffic.

[0032] Function implementation module: Includes a data query unit, a SMS alarm unit, and an instruction issuing unit. Specifically: Data Query Unit: In the application, a data query interface is designed. After the user inputs query conditions (such as site name, monitoring device name, variable name, time range, etc.), the application first performs format verification on the user input content to ensure it conforms to the system's preset query rules. After passing the verification, the user ID and query conditions are encapsulated into a WebSocket message and sent to the server of the operation and maintenance company. After receiving the message, the server of the operation and maintenance company determines the corresponding data request source based on the query conditions and user ID in the message. Subsequently, in the mapping table of user ID, site ID, and MQTT topic maintained locally by the server, it accurately locates the topic subscribed by the client (i.e., the user's power monitoring system) responsible for processing the user's power monitoring data, sends it to the corresponding [ / elec / device / get / {UserID} / {StationID}] topic of the MQTT server, and forwards the request message to this client. After receiving the request, the user's power monitoring system server or workstation filters the data in the local cache or real-time monitoring data according to the query conditions. If the query condition involves a time range, such as querying power data within the past 24 hours, the device will traverse the relevant time period data stored locally; if it involves data types, such as only querying voltage data, the device will filter out the data that meets this type. After the filtering is completed, the device returns the data to the MQTT server in the form of an MQTT message through the [ / elec / device / get_reply / {UserID} / {StationID}] topic. After the server of the operation and maintenance company monitors this topic, it forwards the data to the application through Websocket. After receiving the data, the application displays the query results in pages, with a fixed number of data entries displayed on each page for easy user browsing. At the same time, the application performs statistical analysis on the data, such as calculating the average value, maximum value, minimum value, standard deviation, etc. of the data, and presents it visually to the user in the form of charts (bar charts, line charts, pie charts, etc.) or tables, facilitating the user to view and process the data.

[0033] SMS Alarm Unit: As Figure 2 shown, the operation and maintenance company can send short messages to the corresponding accounts based on the user ID for different user terminals through the message interface of the application, such as device warning messages (such as too high device temperature, abnormal current, etc.), maintenance notifications (regular maintenance reminders, fault repair notifications), etc. The MQTT server pushes important real-time data change information to the server of the operation and maintenance company through the [ / elec / device / alarm / {StationID}] topic, and then the server of the operation and maintenance company sends SMS messages to notify the user terminal. To ensure that users receive important information in a timely manner, the application can set a message reminder mechanism, such as sound reminder, vibration reminder, pop-up reminder, etc., and mark the unread messages for easy user viewing.

[0034] Instruction Sending Unit: As Figure 3 shown, design an instruction sending interface. After the user inputs an instruction at the client side, the application checks the legality of the instruction. After passing the check, the instruction is converted into a WebSocket message together with the user ID and sent to the server of the operation and maintenance company. After receiving the message, the server of the operation and maintenance company conducts a secondary verification. After passing the secondary verification, the instruction is sent to the [ / elec / device / set / {UserID} / {StationID}] topic of the MQTT server. After the user power monitoring system subscribes to this topic and receives the instruction, it parses the content and determines whether it can issue an instruction to this device according to the user's permissions. If the permission passes, the instruction is reassembled into a new JSON string according to the configuration information of this device for this variable (such as the corresponding variable code and the corresponding instruction code) and sent to the [ / sys / thing / node / property / set / {UserID} / {GetwayID}] topic of the local MQTT server. After the gateway subscribes to this topic and obtains the instruction, it writes the instruction into the device through the Modbus RTU / TCP or Siemens S7 protocol, and feeds back the execution result in the form of an MQTT message to the local MQTT server through the [ / sys / thing / node / property / set_reply / {UserID} / {GetwayID}] topic. After the user power monitoring system subscribes to this topic and receives the feedback information, it reassembles the feedback information into a new JSON string and sends it to the [ / elec / device / set_reply / {UserID} / {StationID}] topic of the cloud MQTT server. Finally, the operation and maintenance server listens and subscribes to this topic and forwards it to the client side through WebSocket so that the operation and maintenance personnel can confirm the instruction execution status. During the instruction sending process, information such as the instruction sending time, instruction content, receiving device, execution result, and execution time is recorded for subsequent traceability and management.

[0035] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a specific system construction and deployment mode: The operation and maintenance company deploys high-performance servers, installs the environment and tools required for MQTT Broker and enterprise WeChat application deployment, such as development language environment, database management system, etc. Configure the network parameters of the server to ensure network stability, and set strict security policies, such as firewall rules, access permission control, etc. Set up a mapping relationship table between user ID, site ID and MQTT topic in the MQTT server to facilitate fast and accurate message forwarding. At the same time, to improve the reliability and scalability of the system, a distributed cluster architecture can be used to deploy the servers to achieve load balancing and failover.

[0036] The user power monitoring system server or workstation installs the MQTT client software to ensure that the device can be stably connected to the Internet. Perform necessary configurations on the device so that it automatically connects to the MQTT server according to the preset user ID at startup and subscribes to the corresponding topics. After the configuration is completed, conduct comprehensive tests, including network connection tests, data transmission tests, function tests, etc., to ensure normal communication with the operation and maintenance company's server.

[0037] The user side uses enterprise WeChat to interact with the operation and maintenance company's server. The operation and maintenance company utilizes the interfaces of enterprise WeChat to develop corresponding application programs. Users operate through this application program in enterprise WeChat, and the application program converts the user's operation requests (carrying the user ID) into MQTT messages and sends them to the corresponding user topics under the MQTT server. The MQTT server then forwards the requests to the corresponding user power monitoring system server or workstation. This embodiment abandons the network passthrough mode similar to the frp mode and realizes the smooth operation of various query applications of enterprise WeChat through a unique integration method of MQTT and enterprise WeChat, reducing the complexity and risks of network configuration.

[0038] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT, characterized in that: Includes the following modules: Data interaction module: The user initiates a query request and sends the query conditions and user ID to the operation and maintenance company server via WebSocket; The operation and maintenance company server finds the station to which the device belongs according to the query conditions and user ID, and packages the query conditions and user ID and publishes them to the [ / elec / device / get / {StationID}] topic of the cloud MQTT server; the user's power monitoring system listens to the cloud MQTT server to subscribe to the relevant topics of the station to which the device belongs, obtains data according to the query conditions and user ID, and publishes the data to the [ / elec / device / get_reply / {StationID}] topic of the cloud MQTT server; after the operation and maintenance company server listens to the topic, it returns the data to the user end through WebSocket for display; Network communication module: The user power monitoring system acts as an MQTT client, creates and subscribes to a specific MQTT topic based on the user ID; the operation and maintenance company uses the application to realize the conversion between operation requests and MQTT messages; the user end connects to the Internet through the internal network configuration and port mapping of the operation and maintenance company's server, without the need for a public IP and domain name; Security and traffic control module: encrypt MQTT communication data and set up a password authentication mechanism; set data from different users as different MQTT topics and control the number of concurrent requests; Function realization module: including data query unit, SMS alarm unit and command issuing unit, specifically: Data query unit: Design the data query interface in the application, and perform paging display and data statistical analysis on the query results from the data interaction module; SMS alarm unit: The MQTT server pushes important real-time data change information to the operation and maintenance company server through the [ / elec / device / alarm / {StationID}] topic, and the operation and maintenance company server then sends a SMS message to notify the user end; Instruction issuing unit: Design the instruction issuing interface, check the legality of instructions, and record instruction execution information.

2. According to the MQTT-based multi-user power monitoring system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The user power monitoring system includes a server or workstation. The user power monitoring system sets up a local cache to store historical data; the operation and maintenance company server sets up a local temporary cache to temporarily store data that is frequently queried recently.

3. The multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In the data interaction module, text data is directly returned, and image data is returned in Base64 encoding.

4. The multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the network communication module, the MQTT client periodically sends heartbeat packets to the server to maintain the connection.

5. The multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the security and flow control module, encryption adopts SSL / TLS encryption protocol.

6. A multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In the data query unit, the data statistical analysis includes calculating the average value, maximum value, minimum value and standard deviation, and presenting them in the form of a chart or table.

7. A multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In the SMS alarm unit, the SMS message includes equipment warning information and maintenance notification, and the application sets a message reminder mechanism.

8. A multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In the instruction issuing unit, after the user inputs the instruction, the application checks the legitimacy of the instruction. After the check is passed, the instruction and the user ID are converted into a WebSocket message and sent to the operation and maintenance company server; after receiving the message, the operation and maintenance company server performs a secondary check, and after the secondary check is passed, the instruction is sent to the corresponding [ / elec / device / set / {UserID} / {StationID}] topic of the MQTT server; after the user's power monitoring system subscribes to the topic and receives the instruction, it parses the content and determines whether the instruction can be issued to the device according to the user's authority; if the authority is passed, the instruction is reassembled into a new JSON string according to the configuration information of the device and variables, and sent to the local MQTT server's [ / sys / thi [ / sys / thing / node / property / set / {UserID} / {GetwayID}] topic; after the gateway subscribes to the topic and obtains the instruction, it writes the instruction to the device through ModbusRTU / TCP or Siemens S7 protocol, and feeds back the execution result to the local MQTT server in the form of MQTT message through [ / sys / thing / node / property / set_reply / {UserID} / {GetwayID}] topic; after the user power monitoring system subscribes to the topic and receives the feedback information, it reassembles the feedback information into a new JSON string and sends it to the [ / elec / device / set_reply / {UserID} / {StationID}] topic of the cloud MQTT server; finally, the operation and maintenance server listens to the subscription of the topic and forwards it to the user end through WebSocket.

9. The multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the instruction issuing unit, the instruction legality check includes instruction format, instruction content and instruction authority.

10. The multi-user power monitoring system based on MQTT according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the instruction issuing unit, during the instruction issuing process, the instruction sending time, instruction content, receiving device, execution result and execution time information are recorded.

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