A multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland and its working method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland and a working method thereof, comprising a mounting frame, an adjusting beam and a seeding mechanism, wherein mounting frames are respectively mounted at both ends of the adjusting beam, and the mounting frames are connected to a tractor, and a plurality of seeding mechanisms are evenly spaced mounted on the adjusting beam, wherein the seeding mechanism comprises a slide mounted on the adjusting beam, a side block frame is symmetrically mounted on the bottom side of the slide, a rotating drum is mounted between the two side blocks via a bearing, and a plurality of groups of first seed suction hole groups are evenly spaced on both sides of the rotating drum, and each group of the first seed suction hole groups comprises a first large seed suction hole, a first medium seed suction hole and a first small seed suction hole arranged at equal intervals; through the three major innovations of dynamic matching of graded suction holes, gas-electric coordinated reseeding and modular row spacing adjustment, the pain points of existing seeders such as poor adaptability, low precision and insufficient efficiency are solved, and the seeder is particularly suitable for multi-crop rotation scenarios in large-scale farms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of farmland planting, and in particular to a multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the planting process in farmland, rapid sowing is completed through a multi-functional seeder. The multi-functional seeder is a modern sowing equipment that integrates multiple agricultural functions. It aims to improve sowing efficiency, adapt to the needs of different crops and optimize resource utilization.

[0003] During the sowing process, different crop seeds have different sizes, and a single seed suction hole cannot adapt to multiple crop seeds. In addition, during the sowing process, once the seeds are not adsorbed on the seed suction hole, they will be missed during sowing. Missed seeding detection relies on later manual inspections, and delayed reseeding leads to uneven seedling emergence. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by the present invention is to provide a multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland and a working method thereof, which solves the technical problem that during the sowing process, different crop seeds have different sizes, a single seed suction hole cannot adapt to multiple crop seeds, and during the sowing process, once the seeds are not adsorbed on the seed suction hole, missed sowing will occur during sowing, missed sowing detection relies on later manual inspections, and delayed reseeding leads to uneven seedling emergence.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The tractor has a plurality of seeding mechanisms connected to the tractor and a mounting frame, wherein the plurality of seeding mechanisms are connected to the tractor at equal intervals. The plurality of seeding mechanisms are connected to the tractor at equal intervals. The plurality of seeding mechanisms are connected to the tractor at equal intervals. The plurality of seeding mechanisms are connected to the tractor at equal intervals.

[0007] Preferably, a bolt is threadedly mounted on the outer side of the slide, and the inner end of the bolt is in contact with the adjusting beam.

[0008] Preferably, a material barrel is installed on the side baffle, a main seed bin and a secondary seed bin are provided in the material barrel, and an airflow sensor is installed on the main seed bin.

[0009] Preferably, a rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the slide, rotating teeth are installed on the rotating shaft, and external teeth are provided on the outer side of the rotating cylinder, and the external teeth are engaged with the rotating teeth.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating shaft is connected to the polygonal shaft, and the polygonal shaft adjacent to the rotating shaft end is slidably connected to the sleeve end, and a first motor is installed on one of the side blocks, and the first motor is connected to one of the rotating shafts.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment dial rotatably installed on both sides of the inside of the drum, and the two adjustment dials are connected by a connecting shaft. Several groups of second seed suction holes are evenly spaced on the adjustment dial, and the second seed suction hole groups include a second large seed suction hole, a second medium seed suction hole and a second small seed suction hole.

[0012] Preferably, a second motor is installed in the middle of the other side of the drum, and the output end of the second motor is connected to the adjusting dial.

[0013] Preferably, the distance between adjacent first large seed suction holes and first medium seed suction holes is greater than the total distance between each group of second seed suction holes;

[0014] The diameters of the first large seed suction hole and the second large seed suction hole are 4.5-5.5 mm, the diameters of the first medium seed suction hole and the second medium seed suction hole are 3.0-3.5 mm, and the diameters of the first small seed suction hole and the second small seed suction hole are 1.5-2.0 mm.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of lifting arms are installed at equal intervals on the inner side of one of the adjustment turntables, an electric push rod is installed on the lifting arm, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod passes through the lifting arm and is connected to the adjustment turntable, and a sealing plate is installed on the lifting arm.

[0016] A working method of a multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland, the specific operating steps of the working method are as follows:

[0017] Step 1: Loosen the bolts, adjust the spacing between the sowing mechanisms on the adjusting beam, then tighten the bolts, connect the air pressure tube with the negative pressure chamber, add seeds to the main seed bin and the auxiliary seed bin respectively, and drive the adjusting dial to rotate through the second motor, and then adjust the second seed suction hole group to correspond to the first seed suction hole group. When the second large seed suction hole corresponds to the first seed suction hole group, the first seed suction hole group is connected to the inside of the drum, and the second middle seed suction hole and the second small seed suction hole of the first seed suction hole group are in a closed state. Similarly, by adjusting the rotation of the turntable, the second middle seed suction hole and the second small seed suction hole are connected respectively. According to the size of the seeds, different seed suction holes are used for adsorption sowing. The electric push rod drives the lifting arm and the sealing plate to move and contact the adjusting turntable, and then the first seed suction hole group and the second seed suction hole group of the seeds in the adsorption side frame are closed;

[0018] Step 2: The first motor works, and the transmission of the shaft sleeve and the polygonal shaft realizes the rotation of the rotating shaft. At this time, the rotating gear cooperates with the meshing external gear to drive the rotating drum to rotate. When the rotating drum rotates and moves from the bottom of the barrel to the top of the barrel, the seed suction holes that are connected to the inside of the barrel adsorb the seeds under the action of negative pressure. When the drum continues to rotate, the air flow pressure change at the seed suction hole is sensed by the air flow sensor to determine whether the seed suction hole passing through the main seed bin has adsorbed seeds. When the seed suction hole does not adsorb seeds, the seed suction hole at the same height on the other side of the barrel passing through the auxiliary seed bin is opened, and the lifting arm and the sealing plate are driven to move by the electric push rod to open the seed suction hole. At this time, the seed suction hole adsorbs seeds from the auxiliary seed bin.

[0019] Step 3: When the drum rotates, the seeds pass through the scraping inclined plate in turn. At this time, the scraping inclined plate scrapes the seeds into the seed collecting bucket and sows them on the ground through the sowing tube.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it has a multi-level suction hole dynamic switching function, by adjusting the rotation of the turntable, the first large seed suction hole, the first medium seed suction hole and the first small seed suction hole of different diameters in the first seed suction hole group on the rotating drum are connected to the rotating drum respectively, so as to realize rapid switching and adjustment of the seed suction hole diameter, match the graded hole diameter with the seed size, and optimize the airflow field;

[0021] The main seed bin and auxiliary seed bin store seeds separately. The airflow sensor monitors the adsorption status in real time. When there is no adsorption, the seed suction hole at the same position in the auxiliary seed bin is automatically opened. The electric push rod controls the opening and closing of the sealing plate, and automatic reseeding is achieved through the double seed suction holes set on both sides of the drum.

[0022] Through three major innovations, namely dynamic matching of graded suction holes, gas-electric coordinated replanting and modular row spacing adjustment, the pain points of existing seeders such as poor adaptability, low precision and insufficient efficiency have been solved. It is especially suitable for multi-crop rotation scenarios in large-scale farms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a first structural diagram of the seeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the seeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a first cross-sectional view of the seeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first internal structure of the seeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second internal structure of the seeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is the second cross-sectional view of the sowing mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Legend:

[0031] 1. Mounting frame; 2. Adjustable crossbeam; 3. Seeding mechanism; 4. Slide; 5. Bolts; 6. Side guard; 7. Bearing; 8. Rotating drum; 9. Material barrel; 10. Main seed chamber; 11. Secondary seed chamber; 12. Airflow sensor; 13. First seed suction hole group; 14. First large seed suction hole; 15. First medium seed suction hole; 16. First small seed suction hole; 17. Adjustable turntable; 18. Connecting shaft; 19. Second seed suction hole group; 20, second large seed suction hole; 21, second medium seed suction hole; 22, second small seed suction hole; 23, lifting arm; 24, electric push rod; 25, sealing plate; 26, rotating shaft; 27, rotating gear; 28, polygonal shaft; 29, bushing; 30, first motor; 31, external gear; 32, rotary joint; 33, air pressure tube; 34, second motor; 35, seed collecting bucket; 36, sowing tube; 37, seed scraping inclined plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Specific examples are given below.

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 7A multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland includes a mounting frame 1, an adjusting beam 2 and a sowing mechanism 3. The mounting frames 1 are respectively installed at both ends of the adjusting beam 2, and the mounting frame 1 is connected to the tractor. Several sowing mechanisms 3 are installed at equal intervals on the adjusting beam 2. Bolts 5 are installed on the outer side of the slide 4 through threads, and the inner ends of the bolts 5 are in contact with the adjusting beam 2. Loosen the bolts 5, adjust the spacing between the sowing mechanisms 3 on the adjusting beam 2, and then tighten the bolts 5 to fix the sowing mechanisms 3.

[0035] The sowing mechanism 3 includes a carriage 4 mounted on the adjusting crossbeam 2, and a side frame 6 is symmetrically installed on the bottom side of the carriage 4. A rotating drum 8 is installed between the two side frames 6 through a bearing 7. A plurality of first seed suction hole groups 13 are evenly spaced on both sides of the rotating drum 8. Each group of first seed suction hole groups 13 includes a first large seed suction hole 14, a first medium seed suction hole 15 and a first small seed suction hole 16 arranged at equal intervals. An adjusting component for separately conducting the first large seed suction hole 14, the first medium seed suction hole 15 and the first small seed suction hole 16 is installed inside the rotating drum 8. A rotary joint 32 is installed at the center of one side of the rotating drum 8, and the rotary joint 32 is connected to the air pressure pipe 33. A seed collecting bucket 35 is installed on the bottom side of the side frame 6, and the bottom end of the seed collecting bucket 35 is connected to the sowing pipe 36 , a scraping inclined plate 37 is provided on the bottom side of the inner wall of the side baffle 6, a barrel 9 is installed on the side baffle 6, a main seed bin 10 and a sub-seed bin 11 are provided in the barrel 9, an airflow sensor 12 is installed on the main seed bin 10, a rotating shaft 26 is rotatably installed in the slide 4, a rotating gear 27 is installed on the rotating shaft 26, an external tooth 31 is provided on the outside of the rotating drum 8, and the external tooth 31 is engaged with the rotating gear 27, the rotating shaft 26 is connected to the polygonal shaft 28, and the polygonal shaft 28 at the end of the adjacent rotating shaft 26 is slidably connected to the end of the sleeve 29, a first motor 30 is installed on one of the side baffles 6, and the first motor 30 is connected to one of the rotating shafts 26, the adjustment component includes an adjustment dial 17 rotatably installed on both sides of the inside of the rotating drum 8, and the two adjustment dials 17 are connected by The connecting shaft 18 is connected, and several groups of second seed suction hole groups 19 are opened at equal intervals on the adjusting turntable 17. The second seed suction hole group 19 includes a second large seed suction hole 20, a second medium seed suction hole 21 and a second small seed suction hole 22. A second motor 34 is installed in the middle of the other side of the rotating drum 8, and the output end of the second motor 34 is connected to the adjusting turntable 17. Several lifting arms 23 are installed at equal intervals on the inside of one of the adjusting turntables 17. An electric push rod 24 is installed on the lifting arm 23, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod 24 passes through the lifting arm 23 and is connected to the adjusting turntable 17. A sealing plate 25 is installed on the lifting arm 23, which has a multi-stage suction hole dynamic switching function. By rotating the adjusting turntable 17, the holes of different diameters in the first suction hole group 13 on the rotating drum 8 can be adjusted. The first large seed suction hole 14, the first medium seed suction hole 15 and the first small seed suction hole 16 are respectively connected to the rotating drum 8 to realize rapid switching and adjustment of the seed suction hole diameter, the graded aperture matches the seed size, optimizes the airflow field, and stores seeds separately in the main seed bin 10 and the auxiliary seed bin 11. The adsorption state is monitored in real time by the airflow sensor 12. When there is no adsorption, the seed suction hole at the same position of the auxiliary seed bin 11 is automatically opened, and the sealing plate 25 is opened and closed by the electric push rod 24. Automatic reseeding is achieved through the double seed suction holes set on both sides of the rotating drum 8. The three major innovations of dynamic matching of graded suction holes, gas-electric coordinated reseeding and modular row spacing adjustment solve the pain points of existing seeders such as poor adaptability, low precision and insufficient efficiency, and are particularly suitable for multi-crop rotation scenarios in large-scale farms.

[0036] The distance between adjacent first large seed suction holes 14 and first medium seed suction holes 15 is greater than the total distance between each group of second seed suction holes 19. The diameter of the first large seed suction hole 14 and the second large seed suction hole 20 is 4.5-5.5 mm, which is used for adsorption sowing of seeds with a diameter of 4-6 mm. The diameter of the first medium seed suction hole 15 and the second medium seed suction hole 21 is 3.0-3.5 mm, which is used for adsorption sowing of seeds with a diameter of 3-4 mm. The diameter of the first small seed suction hole 16 and the second small seed suction hole 22 is 1.5-2.0 mm, which is used for adsorption sowing of seeds with a diameter of 1-2 mm.

[0037] Working principle: Step 1: Loosen the bolt 5, adjust the distance between the sowing mechanisms 3 on the adjusting beam 2, and then tighten the bolt 5, connect the air pressure tube 33 with the negative pressure chamber, add seeds to the main seed bin 10 and the auxiliary seed bin 11 respectively, and drive the adjusting dial 17 to rotate through the second motor 34, and then adjust the second seed suction hole group 19 to correspond to the first seed suction hole group 13. When the second large seed suction hole 20 corresponds to the first seed suction hole group 13, the first seed suction hole group 13 is now connected to the inside of the drum 8. , while the second middle seed suction hole 21 and the second small seed suction hole 22 of the first seed suction hole group 13 are in a closed state. Similarly, by rotating the adjusting dial 17, the second middle seed suction hole 21 and the second small seed suction hole 22 are connected, respectively. According to the size of the seeds, different seed suction holes are used for adsorption sowing. The electric push rod 24 drives the lifting arm 23 and the sealing plate 25 to move and contact with the adjusting dial 17, thereby closing the first seed suction hole group 13 and the second seed suction hole group 19 of the seeds in the adsorption side retaining frame 6;

[0038] Step 2: The first motor 30 works, and the transmission of the shaft sleeve 29 and the polygonal shaft 28 realizes the rotation of the rotating shaft 26. At this time, the rotating gear 27 cooperates with the meshing external gear 31 to drive the rotating drum 8 to rotate. When the rotating drum 8 rotates and moves from the bottom of the barrel 9 to the top of the barrel 9, the seed suction holes that are connected to the inside of the barrel 8 adsorb the seeds under the action of negative pressure. When the rotating drum 8 continues to rotate, the air flow pressure change at the seed suction hole is sensed by the air flow sensor 12 to determine whether the seed suction hole passing through the main seed bin 10 adsorbs seeds. When the seed suction hole does not adsorb seeds, the seed suction hole at the same height of the auxiliary seed bin 11 on the other side of the barrel 9 is opened, and the lifting arm 23 and the sealing plate 25 are driven to move by the electric push rod 24 to open the seed suction hole. At this time, the seed suction hole adsorbs seeds from the auxiliary seed bin 11.

[0039] Step 3: When the drum 8 rotates, the seeds pass through the scraping inclined plate 37 in sequence. At this time, the scraping inclined plate 37 scrapes the seeds and drops them into the seed collecting bucket 35, and then they are sown on the ground through the sowing tube 36.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mounting frame (1), an adjusting beam (2) and a sowing mechanism (3), wherein the mounting frames (1) are respectively mounted on both ends of the adjusting beam (2), and the mounting frames (1) are connected to a tractor, and a plurality of sowing mechanisms (3) are mounted on the adjusting beam (2) at equal intervals, and the sowing mechanism (3) comprises a slide (4) sleeved on the adjusting beam (2), a side block (6) is symmetrically mounted on the bottom side of the slide (4), a rotating drum (8) is mounted between two side blocks (6) via a bearing (7), and a plurality of first seed suction hole groups (13) are opened at equal intervals on both sides of the rotating drum (8), and each group of the first seed suction hole groups (13) has a plurality of first seed suction hole groups (13) and a plurality of first seed suction hole groups (13) arranged on the bottom side of the sliding drum (4). The invention comprises a first large seed suction hole (14), a first medium seed suction hole (15) and a first small seed suction hole (16) arranged at equal intervals, an adjusting assembly for independently conducting the first large seed suction hole (14), the first medium seed suction hole (15) and the first small seed suction hole (16) is installed inside the rotating drum (8), a rotary joint (32) is installed at the center of one side of the rotating drum (8), and the rotary joint (32) is connected to the air pressure pipe (33), a seed collecting bucket (35) is installed on the bottom side of the side baffle (6), the bottom end of the seed collecting bucket (35) is connected to the sowing pipe (36), and a seed scraping inclined plate (37) is provided on the bottom side of the inner wall of the side baffle (6); A barrel (9) is installed on the side frame (6), a main seed bin (10) and a secondary seed bin (11) are provided in the barrel (9), and an airflow sensor (12) is installed on the main seed bin (10); The adjustment assembly includes an adjustment dial (17) rotatably mounted on both sides of the inner portion of the rotating drum (8), and the two adjustment dials (17) are connected via a connecting shaft (18). The adjustment dial (17) is provided with a plurality of second seed suction hole groups (19) at equal intervals, and the second seed suction hole groups (19) include a second large seed suction hole (20), a second medium seed suction hole (21) and a second small seed suction hole (22).

2. A multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the slide (4) is threadedly mounted with a bolt (5), and the inner end of the bolt (5) is in contact with the adjustment beam (2).

3. A multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rotating shaft (26) is rotatably mounted in the slide (4), a rotating tooth (27) is mounted on the rotating shaft (26), and an external tooth (31) is provided on the outside of the rotating drum (8), and the external tooth (31) is meshed with the rotating tooth (27).

4. The multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (26) is connected to the polygonal shaft (28), and the polygonal shaft (28) at the end of the adjacent rotating shaft (26) is slidably connected to the end of the shaft sleeve (29). A first motor (30) is installed on one of the side blocks (6), and the first motor (30) is connected to one of the rotating shafts (26).

5. The multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second motor (34) is installed in the middle of the other side of the rotating drum (8), and the output end of the second motor (34) is connected to the adjusting dial (17).

6. The multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the adjacent first large seed suction holes (14) and the first medium seed suction holes (15) is greater than the total distance between each group of second seed suction holes (19); The diameters of the first large seed suction hole (14) and the second large seed suction hole (20) are 4.5-5.5 mm, the diameters of the first medium seed suction hole (15) and the second medium seed suction hole (21) are 3.0-3.5 mm, and the diameters of the first small seed suction hole (16) and the second small seed suction hole (22) are 1.5-2.0 mm.

7. The multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of lifting arms (23) are installed at equal intervals on the inner side of one of the adjusting turntables (17), an electric push rod (24) is installed on the lifting arm (23), and the telescopic end of the electric push rod (24) passes through the lifting arm (23) and is connected to the adjusting turntable (17), and a sealing plate (25) is installed on the lifting arm (23).

8. The operating method of the multifunctional seeder suitable for farmland according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific steps of this working method are as follows: Step 1: Loosen the bolts (5), adjust the spacing between the sowing mechanisms (3) on the adjustment beam (2), and then tighten the bolts (5), connect the air pressure tube (33) with the negative pressure chamber, add seeds to the main seed bin (10) and the auxiliary seed bin (11), and drive the adjustment dial (17) to rotate through the second motor (34), thereby adjusting the second seed suction hole group (19) to correspond to the first seed suction hole group (13). When the second large seed suction hole (20) corresponds to the first seed suction hole group (13), the first seed suction hole group (13) is connected to the inside of the rotating drum (8). , while the second middle seed suction hole (21) and the second small seed suction hole (22) of the first seed suction hole group (13) are in a closed state. Similarly, by rotating the adjusting turntable (17), the second middle seed suction hole (21) and the second small seed suction hole (22) are respectively connected. According to the size of the seeds, different seed suction holes are used for adsorption sowing. The electric push rod (24) drives the lifting arm (23) and the sealing plate (25) to move and contact with the adjusting turntable (17), thereby closing the first seed suction hole group (13) and the second seed suction hole group (19) of the seeds in the adsorption side retaining frame (6); Step 2: The first motor (30) works, and the shaft sleeve (29) and the polygonal shaft (28) are driven to rotate the shaft (26). At this time, the rotating gear (27) cooperates with the meshing outer gear (31) to drive the drum (8) to rotate. When the drum (8) rotates and moves from the bottom of the barrel (9) to the top of the barrel (9), the seed suction holes that are in conduction with the drum (8) adsorb seeds under the action of negative pressure. When the drum (8) continues to rotate, the air flow pressure change at the seed suction holes is sensed by the air flow sensor (12), and it is judged whether the seed suction holes passing through the main seed bin (10) adsorb seeds. When the seed suction holes do not adsorb seeds, the seed suction holes at the same height on the other side of the barrel (9) passing through the auxiliary seed bin (11) are opened, and the lifting arm (23) and the sealing plate (25) are driven to move by the electric push rod (24) to open the seed suction holes. At this time, the seed suction holes adsorb seeds from the auxiliary seed bin (11); Step 3: When the drum (8) rotates, the seeds pass through the scraping inclined plate (37) in sequence. At this time, the scraping inclined plate (37) scrapes the seeds and drops them into the seed collecting bucket (35). The seeds are sown on the ground through the sowing tube (36).

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