Medical garbage classifying and crushing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a medical garbage classifying and crushing device, and relates to the technical field of garbage classifying and crushing, the medical garbage classifying and crushing device comprises a crushing and classifying auxiliary mechanism arranged in a protective cover, the crushing and classifying auxiliary mechanism is arranged, a movable puncture needle and a needle plate pair are arranged in a crushing roller, and the crushing roller is driven to move through a connecting rod; crushed glass bottle bodies, rubber plugs and aluminum caps are punctured through movable puncture of the puncture needle, the puncture needle cannot puncture the glass due to the characteristics of the glass, so that only the crushed rubber plugs and aluminum caps can be punctured, the rubber plugs and the aluminum caps are punctured on the puncture needle, follow-up classification is facilitated, and when penicillin bottles are not separated in advance, the penicillin bottles can be conveniently separated in advance. And integrated crushing is completed, classification in advance is not needed, so that the whole penicillin bottles are classified while being crushed, and the overall crushing and classification efficiency and effect are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of garbage classification and crushing, and specifically relates to a garbage classification and crushing device for medical use. Background Art

[0002] Medical waste, also known as medical waste, refers to waste generated by medical and health institutions in medical treatment, prevention, health care and other related activities, which has direct or indirect infectivity, toxicity and other hazards, and is divided into infectious waste, pathological waste, sharp waste, pharmaceutical waste, and chemical waste. Among them, infectious waste includes medicine bottles, infusion bags, syringes, etc., and pharmaceutical waste includes expired drugs. Among them, vials are widely used for the packaging of pharmaceutical injections, oral liquids, vaccines, biological agents, powder injections, freeze-dried products and other drugs. In some cases, vials need to be broken. A vial consists of a glass bottle body, a rubber stopper, and an aluminum cap. When breaking, the components need to be separated in advance before breaking the glass bottle body, resulting in low overall efficiency, poor overall breaking effect, and inability to classify during the breaking process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a garbage classification and crushing device for medical use to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: It includes a crushing and classification assisting mechanism arranged inside a protective cover;

[0005] The crushing and classification assisting mechanism includes a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate fixedly connected to the protective cover. The first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are fixedly provided with connecting plates arranged at equal distances. The connecting plates are rotatably connected to sliding grooves. The sliding grooves are arranged on corresponding crushing rollers. The crushing rollers are equidistantly provided with movable grooves inside. Each movable groove is slidably provided with a needle plate. Both ends of each needle plate are fixedly provided with corresponding limiting protrusions. The end of the needle plate away from the center of the crushing roller is equidistantly provided with puncture needles. The crushing rollers are equidistantly provided with needle holes. And a spring is fixedly arranged between each needle plate and the movable groove. The protective cover is also fixedly provided with a limiting arc plate. The protective cover is also equidistantly provided with first motors. The motor shafts of the first motors are fixedly connected to one ends of corresponding first connecting rods. The other ends of the first connecting rods are rotatably connected to second connecting rods. The other ends of the second connecting rods are rotatably connected to corresponding sliding blocks. The sliding blocks are equidistantly provided with convex columns. The convex columns are slidably arranged in slide rails. The slide rails are arranged in corresponding fixing blocks. The fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the corresponding first fixing plate or the second fixing plate. There is a puncture space between the two crushing rollers.

[0006] Preferably, crushing blocks are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the crushing rollers. A first belt pulley corresponding to each crushing roller is fixedly arranged thereon. A second belt pulley is also rotatably arranged on the second fixing plate, and the second belt pulley and the first belt pulley are synchronously driven by the same transmission belt.

[0007] Preferably, an air outlet channel is also fixedly arranged inside the protective cover. An air pump is fixedly arranged at one end of the air outlet channel. Corresponding limiting and separating blocks are fixedly arranged at equal intervals inside the protective cover. A rubber stopper fragment inlet and an aluminum cap fragment inlet are arranged in each limiting and separating block. A rubber stopper fragment collection groove and an aluminum cap fragment collection groove are also arranged below the limiting and separating blocks.

[0008] Preferably, a glass fragment collection groove is also arranged below the crushing roller. Second motors are arranged at equal intervals on the protective cover. The motor shafts of the second motors are fixedly connected to the corresponding second belt pulleys. A feed hopper is also arranged on the protective cover, and a control console is arranged on one side of the protective cover.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By providing a crushing and classification auxiliary mechanism, movable puncture needles and their needle plates are arranged inside the crushing roller, and the needle plates are driven to move through connecting rods. Through the movement and puncture of the puncture needles, the crushed glass bottles, rubber stoppers, and aluminum caps are punctured. Due to the characteristics of glass, the puncture needles cannot puncture glass, so only the crushed rubber stoppers and aluminum caps can be punctured, making them punctured on the puncture needles, facilitating subsequent classification. Thus, when ampoules are not separated in advance, integral crushing can be completed without prior classification, and the whole ampoule can be crushed and classified simultaneously, greatly improving the overall crushing and classification efficiency and effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 is the first overall structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 is the second overall structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3 is the first partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 4 is the second partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 5 is the third partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 6 is an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in;

[0016] Figure 7 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged schematic view at position B in the figure;

[0017] Figure 8 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged schematic view at position C in the figure;

[0018] In the figure: 11. Protective cover; 12. Control console; 13. Feed hopper; 14. First motor; 15. Second motor; 16. Crushing roller; 17. Glass fragment collection tank; 18. Air outlet channel; 19. Limit separation block; 20. Rubber plug fragment inlet; 21. Aluminum cover fragment inlet; 22. Rubber plug fragment collection tank; 23. Aluminum cover fragment collection tank; 24. First fixing plate; 25. Connecting plate; 26. Limit arc plate; 27. Crushing block; 28. Second fixing plate; 29. Second belt pulley; 30. Transmission belt; 31. Air pump; 32. Activity groove; 33. Sliding groove; 34. Needle plate; 35. Puncture needle; 36. Limit convex block; 37. Needle opening; 38. Spring; 39. First belt pulley; 40. First connecting rod; 41. Second connecting rod; 42. Sliding block; 43. Convex column; 44. Fixed block; 45. Slide rail; 46. Puncture space; 61. Crushing and classification auxiliary mechanism. Specific embodiments

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Combined with the attached Figures 1-8 The described medical waste classification and crushing device includes a crushing and classification auxiliary mechanism 61 arranged in the protective cover 11;

[0021] The crushing and sorting auxiliary mechanism 61 includes a first fixing plate 24 and a second fixing plate 28 fixedly connected to the protective cover 11. Connecting plates 25 are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the first fixing plate 24 and the second fixing plate 28. The connecting plates 25 are rotatably connected to sliding grooves 33. The sliding grooves 33 are arranged on the corresponding crushing rollers 16. Activity grooves 32 are arranged at equal intervals in the crushing rollers 16. A needle plate 34 is slidably arranged in each activity groove 32. Limiting bumps 36 are fixedly arranged at both ends of each needle plate 34. Puncture needles 35 are fixedly arranged at equal intervals at one end of the needle plate 34 away from the center of the crushing roller 16. Needle openings 37 are arranged at equal intervals on the crushing roller 16. The needle openings 37 can cooperate with the puncture needles 35 to facilitate the movement of the puncture needles 35. A spring 38 is fixedly arranged between each needle plate 34 and the activity groove 32. A limiting arc plate 26 is also fixedly arranged in the protective cover 11. The limiting arc plate 26 is used to cooperate with the limiting bumps 36. First motors 14 are arranged at equal intervals on the protective cover 11. The motor shafts of the first motors 14 are fixedly connected to one ends of corresponding first connecting rods 40. The other ends of the first connecting rods 40 are rotatably connected to second connecting rods 41. The other ends of the second connecting rods 41 are rotatably connected to corresponding sliding blocks 42. Convex columns 43 are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the sliding blocks 42. The convex columns 43 are slidably arranged in slide rails 45. The slide rails 45 are arranged in corresponding fixing blocks 44. The fixing blocks 44 are fixedly connected to the corresponding first fixing plate 24 or the second fixing plate 28. The sliding blocks 42 can cooperate with the limiting bumps 36. A puncture space 46 is arranged between the two crushing rollers 16. The puncture space 46 is used to facilitate the contact between the crushed vials and the corresponding puncture needles 35.

[0022] Beneficially, crushing blocks 27 are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the crushing rollers 16 for crushing. A first pulley 39 corresponding to each crushing roller 16 is fixedly arranged on each crushing roller 16. A second pulley 29 is also rotatably arranged on the second fixing plate 28. And they are synchronously driven by the same transmission belt 30 between the second pulley 29 and the first pulley 39.

[0023] Advantageously, an air outlet channel 18 is also fixedly arranged inside the protective cover 11. One end of the air outlet channel 18 is fixedly provided with an air pump 31, which is used to blow air into the air outlet channel 18. The air outlet channel 18 is used to blow air to separate the broken rubber stoppers and aluminum caps. The corresponding limiting and separating blocks 19 are fixedly arranged at equal intervals inside the protective cover 11. Each of the limiting and separating blocks 19 is provided with a rubber stopper fragment inlet 20 and an aluminum cap fragment inlet 21. The rubber stopper fragment inlet 20 and the aluminum cap fragment inlet 21 are used for the rubber stoppers and aluminum cap fragments to pass through. A rubber stopper fragment collection groove 22 and an aluminum cap fragment collection groove 23 are also arranged below the limiting and separating blocks 19. The rubber stopper fragment collection groove 22 and the aluminum cap fragment collection groove 23 are respectively used to hold the rubber stoppers and aluminum cap fragments.

[0024] Advantageously, a glass fragment collection groove 17 is also arranged below the crushing roller 16. The glass fragment collection groove 17 is used to hold the glass fragments after the breaking of the vials. The second motors 15 are arranged at equal intervals on the protective cover 11. The motor shafts of the second motors 15 are fixedly connected to the corresponding second belt pulleys 29. A feed hopper 13 is also arranged on the protective cover 11, which is used to facilitate the entry of the vials. A control console 12 is also arranged on one side of the protective cover 11, which is used to control all the motors.

[0025] Usage method of the present invention:

[0026] In the initial state:

[0027] All the springs 38 are in a normal state. The sliding block 42 is at one end of the slide rail 45 closest to the center end of the crushing roller 16. The first connecting rod 40 and the second connecting rod 41 are parallel and overlapping.

[0028] When the user needs to use the device, the user needs to turn on the device through the control console 12. After the device is turned on, the control console 12 will start the No. 1 motor 14 and the No. 2 motor 15. After the No. 2 motor 15 is started, its motor shaft will drive the No. 2 pulley 29 to rotate, and the No. 2 pulley 29 will drive the No. 1 pulley 39 to rotate through the transmission belt 30, thereby driving the crushing roller 16 to rotate. After the No. 1 motor 14 is started, its motor shaft will drive the No. 1 connecting rod 40 to rotate. Since the convex column 43 limits the sliding block 42, the No. 1 connecting rod 40 drives the No. 2 connecting rod 41 to rotate, which will cause the sliding block 42 to reciprocate under the restriction of the slide rail 45. At this time, the user can pour the vials that need to be classified and crushed into the feed hopper 13. When the vials pass through the feed hopper 13 and enter the protective cover 11, the vials will contact the crushing roller 16 under the action of gravity. Since the crushing roller 16 is in a rotating state at this time, the crushing block 27 will contact the vials and crush the vials under the action of the rotation of the crushing roller 16, thereby crushing all parts of the vials. The crushed vial fragments will fall into the puncture space 46 under the action of gravity, and since the No. 1 connecting rod 40 and the No. 2 connecting rod 41 are driven by the No. 1 motor 14, the sliding block 42 moves back and forth toward the puncture space 46, The sliding block 42 presses against the limiting protrusions 36 on both sides of the puncture space 46, thereby driving the limiting protrusions 36 to move toward the puncture space 46, and the puncture needle 35 on the needle plate 34 driven by the sliding block 42 will extend out of the needle hole 37, so that the puncture needle 35 enters the puncture space 46, so that the puncture needle 35 punctures the fragments of the syringe bottle, and due to the characteristics of glass, rubber stopper and aluminum cover, the rubber stopper and aluminum cover fragments can be punctured by the puncture needle 35, while the glass fragments cannot be punctured by the puncture needle 35, and as the crushing roller 16 continues to rotate, the needle plate 34 in the next movable groove 32 will continue to be driven by the sliding block 42, and this reciprocating process will continue. , and the puncture needle 35 and the needle plate 34 that have punctured the rubber plug and aluminum cover fragments will have their limiting protrusions 36 held against them by the limiting arc plate 26 as the crushing roller 16 continues to rotate, thereby preventing the needle plate 34 from resetting under the action of the spring 38. As the crushing roller 16 continues to rotate, the limiting protrusions 36 caught by the limiting arc plate 26 will also move together, until the limiting protrusions 36 on the needle plate 34 are separated from the range of the limiting arc plate 26 under the action of the crushing roller 16. At this time, the needle plate 34 will be reset under the action of the corresponding spring 38. As the needle plate 34 is reset, the corresponding puncture needle 35 will return to the movable groove 32. At this time,The rubber stopper and aluminum cap fragments punctured on the puncture needle 35 will be resisted by the needle opening 37, thus separating from the puncture needle 35 and starting to fall. The user needs to start the air pump 31 in advance through the console 12. After the air pump 31 is started, it will blow air into the air outlet channel 18. The falling rubber stopper and aluminum cap fragments will pass through the air blown out of the air outlet channel 18. Since the materials of the rubber stopper and aluminum cap are different and there is a certain difference in their densities, under the action of the same wind force, due to the thickness and proportion area of the rubber stopper in the vial being much larger than that of the aluminum cap, even when the aluminum cap and rubber stopper are broken into the same cross-sectional size, the thickness of the rubber stopper will be larger than that of the aluminum cap fragments. Therefore, the overall weight is heavier than that of the aluminum cap. Through the wind force, the two are separated. The rubber stopper fragments will fall into the rubber stopper fragment inlet 20, and the aluminum cap fragments will fall into the aluminum cap fragment inlet 21, and then fall into the rubber stopper fragment collection tank 22 and the aluminum cap fragment collection tank 23 respectively, while the glass fragments will fall into the glass fragment collection tank 17. This process is repeated to complete the classified crushing of the vials in one step, greatly improving the overall effect and efficiency of the classified crushing.

[0029] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A medical waste classification and crushing device, comprising a crushing and classification auxiliary mechanism (61) arranged in a protective cover (11), characterized in that: The crushing and classification auxiliary mechanism (61) comprises a No. 1 fixed plate (24) and a No. 2 fixed plate (28) fixedly connected to the protective cover (11); the No. 1 fixed plate (24) and the No. 2 fixed plate (28) are equidistantly arranged and fixedly provided with connecting plates (25); the connecting plates (25) are rotatably connected with the sliding groove (33); the sliding groove (33) is arranged on the corresponding crushing roller (16); the crushing roller (16) is provided with movable grooves (32) equidistantly arranged; each movable groove (32) is provided with a needle plate (34) for sliding; each of the two ends of each needle plate (34) is fixedly provided with corresponding limiting protrusions (36); one end of the needle plate (34) away from the center of the crushing roller (16) is fixedly provided with puncture needles (35) equidistantly arranged; the crushing roller (16) is provided with needle holes (37) equidistantly arranged; and between each needle plate (34) and the movable groove (32), a needle plate (34) is provided for sliding movement. A spring (38) is fixedly provided between the grooves (32), a limiting arc plate (26) is also fixedly provided in the protective cover (11), a No. 1 motor (14) is also equidistantly arranged on the protective cover (11), the motor shaft of the No. 1 motor (14) is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding No. 1 connecting rod (40), the other end of the No. 1 connecting rod (40) is rotatably connected to the No. 2 connecting rod (41), the other end of the No. 2 connecting rod (41) is rotatably connected to the corresponding sliding block (42), convex columns (43) are equidistantly arranged and fixed on the sliding block (42), the convex columns (43) are slidably set in the slide rail (45), the slide rail (45) is set in the corresponding fixed block (44), the fixed block (44) is fixedly connected to the corresponding No. 1 fixed plate (24) or the No. 2 fixed plate (28), and a puncture space (46) is provided between the two crushing rollers (16).

2. The medical waste classification and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Crushing blocks (27) are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the crushing roller (16), and each crushing roller (16) is fixedly provided with a corresponding first pulley (39).

3. The medical waste classification and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second belt pulley (29) is also rotatably provided on the second fixed plate (28), and synchronous transmission is performed between the second belt pulley (29) and the first belt pulley (39) via the same transmission belt (30).

4. The medical waste classification and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air outlet channel (18) is also fixedly provided in the protective cover (11), and an air pump (31) is fixedly provided at one end of the air outlet channel (18).

5. The medical waste classification and crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Corresponding limiting separation blocks (19) are arranged and fixedly provided in an equidistant manner in the protection cover (11), and each limiting separation block (19) is provided with a rubber plug fragment entry port (20) and an aluminum cover fragment entry port (21).

6. The medical waste classification and crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rubber plug fragment collection groove (22) and an aluminum cover fragment collection groove (23) are also provided below the limiting separation block (19).

7. The medical waste classification and crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A glass fragment collection groove (17) is also provided below the crushing roller (16), and a second motor (15) is evenly spaced on the protective cover (11), and the motor shaft of the second motor (15) is fixedly connected to the corresponding second pulley (29).

8. The medical waste classification and crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A feed hopper (13) is also provided on the protective cover (11), and a control console (12) is also provided on one side of the protective cover (11).

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