A multi-axis machining tool

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-axis machining tool, which relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools. The tool includes a machine cabin, a base, three combined tool magazines, three three-axis moving units and a machine tool rotary table. Among them, the three-axis moving units are distributed on the front side, left side and right side of the rotary table, and realize multi-angle synchronous machining through coordinated control; the machine tool rotary table is provided with an inclined rotary table and a transverse movement module, which is driven by a linear motor, combined with the design of bevel gear-bevel gear ring transmission and sliding shaft keyway fit, to improve the rotation accuracy and axial displacement adaptability; the combined tool magazine adopts a modular design, integrating a rotary tool disc with an adjustable inclination angle and a lifting module, and realizes multi-dimensional fine adjustment through triangularly distributed adjusting parts; through multi-axis coordination, compact layout and high-precision transmission system, the present invention has both high-efficiency machining, high stability and strong expandability, and is suitable for high-precision machining of complex parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and more specifically to a multi-axis machining machine tool. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of modern manufacturing industry, the requirements for the precision, efficiency, and complexity of machining are getting higher and higher. Some problems gradually emerge in the actual application of traditional multi-axis machining machine tools, making it difficult to meet the growing production demands.

[0003] Traditional multi-axis machining machine tools are usually bulky, and their structural layout is not compact enough, resulting in a large floor area of the equipment. For some production environments with limited space, it is difficult to make effective use of them. This not only restricts the layout flexibility of the workshop but also increases the installation and maintenance costs of the equipment.

[0004] When machining complex parts, the tool change efficiency of traditional machine tools is relatively low. The tool change process often takes a lot of time, resulting in an extended downtime of the equipment and a significant impact on production efficiency. Especially in small-batch and multi-variety production, frequent tool change operations make it difficult to improve production efficiency and are difficult to meet the flexible production requirements of modern manufacturing industry.

[0005] In addition, there are also certain limitations in the transmission accuracy and stability of traditional multi-axis machine tools. During the machining process, due to the design defects of the machine tool structure and transmission system, vibrations and transmission errors are likely to occur, affecting the accuracy and surface quality of the machined parts. This is particularly obvious when machining high-precision and complex curved surface parts, restricting the application scope of the machine tool in high-end manufacturing industry.

[0006] In summary, traditional multi-axis machining machine tools have many deficiencies in terms of machining efficiency, space utilization rate, tool change efficiency, transmission accuracy, and stability, making it difficult to meet the requirements of modern manufacturing industry for high-efficiency, high-precision, and flexible machining. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-axis machining machine tool. Through technological breakthroughs such as multi-axis coordination, compact layout, high-precision transmission, and intelligent control, this multi-axis machining machine tool solves the problems of traditional multi-axis machine tools such as large volume, low tool change efficiency, and insufficient flexibility, and has the characteristics of high precision, high efficiency, high stability, and strong expandability. It can be widely used in the machining of complex parts in fields such as aerospace, automotive molds, and precision electronics.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A multi-axis machining machine tool, comprising:

[0010] The machine cabin is fixed on the base, and three combined tool magazines and three three-axis moving units are all located inside the machine cabin;

[0011] The base, on which three three-axis moving units and three combined tool magazines are installed;

[0012] Three combined tool magazines are respectively located above the three three-axis moving units, and the three combined tool magazines are installed on the machine cabin, and a number of tools are arranged in the combined tool magazines;

[0013] Three three-axis moving units are respectively installed on the front side, left side and right side of the machine tool rotary table. The three-axis moving unit includes an installation base, a three-axis module and a rotary spindle. The rotary spindle is installed on the three-axis module, and the three-axis module is installed on the installation base. The three-axis module can drive the rotary spindle to perform three-axis movement adjustment;

[0014] The machine tool rotary table includes a fixed base, a working base and a rotary table. The working base is horizontally slidably connected to the fixed base, and a transverse movement module is arranged between the two. The rotary table is inclined and rotatably connected to the working base. The rotary table is connected with a rotary drive assembly, and the rotary drive assembly can drive the rotary table to perform inclined rotation. A receiving cavity is arranged on the working base, and a number of installation cavities are arranged on the rotary table. A zero-point clamping system capable of clamping a zero-point fixture is arranged in the installation cavity. The installation cavity is communicated with the receiving cavity. An electric spindle capable of driving the zero-point clamping system to rotate is arranged in the receiving cavity, and the electric spindle can extend into the installation cavity to be connected with the zero-point fixture.

[0015] Further, the rotary drive assembly includes a turntable rotary motor, a rotary sleeve, a sliding shaft, a bevel gear ring and a bevel gear. The turntable rotary motor is installed on the fixed base. The rotary sleeve is connected to the main shaft of the turntable rotary motor. The bevel gear ring is installed on the rotary table. One end of the sliding shaft extends into the rotary sleeve and is circumferentially and fixedly connected with the rotary sleeve and axially slidably connected. The other end of the sliding shaft is circumferentially and rotatably connected with the working base and axially fixedly connected and connected with the bevel gear, and the bevel gear meshes with the bevel gear ring.

[0016] Further, the transverse movement module includes a linear motor. The linear motor is installed on the fixed base, and the driving end of the linear motor is connected with the working base.

[0017] Further, a key is fixed inside one end of the rotary sleeve connected to the sliding shaft, and a sliding key groove is arranged at one end of the sliding shaft connected to the rotary sleeve. The key extends into the sliding key groove for mating connection.

[0018] Further, the three-axis module includes a Z-axis module, an X-axis module, and a Y-axis module connected in sequence. The Z-axis module includes a Z-axis base, a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis lead screw, and a Z-axis threaded sleeve. The Z-axis base is vertically slidably connected to the installation base. The Z-axis motor is installed on the installation base. The Z-axis lead screw is rotatably connected to the installation base and is connected to the main shaft of the Z-axis motor. The Z-axis threaded sleeve is installed on the Z-axis base and is threadedly connected to the Z-axis lead screw. A balance assembly is provided between the Z-axis base and the installation base. The balance assembly includes a balance oil cylinder. The balance oil cylinder is installed on the installation base and is vertically arranged, and the piston rod of the balance oil cylinder contacts the bottom of the Z-axis base.

[0019] Further, the combined tool magazine includes a tool magazine base, an adjustment base, a lifting seat, and a rotating tool disc. The lifting seat is installed on the tool magazine base and is vertically slidably connected to the tool magazine base. A lifting module is provided on the tool magazine base. The lifting module is connected to the lifting seat and is used to drive the lifting seat to move up and down. The rotating tool disc is installed on the lifting seat. The adjustment base is located at the top of the tool magazine base, and an inclination angle adjustment assembly is provided between the adjustment base and the tool magazine base.

[0020] Further, the inclination angle adjustment assembly includes several groups of adjusting members. Several threaded holes are provided on the adjustment base. Several through holes are provided on the top of the tool magazine base. The adjusting member includes an expansion sleeve, a mounting bolt, and a spherical washer. Planes and convex spherical surfaces are respectively provided at both ends of the spherical washer. A concave spherical surface is provided at one end of the expansion sleeve. The spherical washer and the expansion sleeve are sequentially inserted into the through hole, and the plane of the spherical washer contacts the adjustment base. The convex spherical surface of the spherical washer contacts the concave spherical surface of the expansion sleeve. The mounting bolt passes through the expansion sleeve and the spherical washer and extends into the threaded hole of the adjustment base.

[0021] Further, three groups of adjusting members are provided. Three through holes are provided on the top of the tool magazine base. Three threaded holes are provided on the adjustment base. The three through holes and the three threaded holes are all distributed in a triangular shape.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. The multi-axis collaborative processing ability is significantly improved: Through the collaborative control of three three-axis moving units (distributed on the front side, left side, and right side of the rotary table), combined with the tilting and rotating function of the machine tool rotary table, multi-angle and multi-directional synchronous processing can be achieved. The design of the Z-axis balance oil cylinder of the three-axis moving unit effectively offsets the influence of gravity. Combined with the high-precision lead screw-rail transmission system, the processing stability and positioning accuracy are greatly improved, especially suitable for the efficient processing of complex curved surface parts.

[0024] 2. Optimization of Space Utilization and Equipment Compactness: The integrated design of the machine cabin centrally arranges three combined tool magazines and a three-axis moving unit on the base, reducing the floor area occupied by the equipment. The inclined arrangement of the rotary table and the linear motor drive scheme of the transverse movement module further compress the volume of the equipment, enabling it to adapt to a compact production environment while maintaining functional integrity.

[0025] 3. High-Efficiency Automation and Quick Tool Change System: The combined tool magazine adopts a modular design, equipped with a rotary tool disc with an adjustable inclination angle and a lifting module. Multi-dimensional angle fine-tuning is achieved through triangularly distributed adjusting parts to ensure accurate tool positioning. The coordinated design of the tool disc protective cover and the annular array tool grippers enables tool change within seconds, significantly reducing downtime and improving production efficiency.

[0026] 4. High-Precision Transmission and Enhanced Stability: In the three-axis moving unit, the Z / X / Y-axis motors and lead screws adopt a synchronous belt drive structure to reduce vibration and transmission errors; the meshing drive of bevel gears-bevel gear rings in the rotary drive assembly and the keyway fit of the sliding shaft ensure the stability of power transmission and the adaptability to axial displacement. The slide rail-slider fit structure of the fixed base and the working base further guarantees the repeat positioning accuracy of horizontal movement.

[0027] 5. Compatibility of Intelligence and Flexible Production: The dual installation cavity design of the machine tool rotary table supports the alternate loading and machining of zero-point fixtures. Combined with the quick docking function of the electric spindle, it realizes full-process automatic loading and unloading. The zero-point clamping system can adapt to various zero-point fixture specifications to meet the flexible production requirements of small batches and multiple varieties.

[0028] 6. Convenience of Maintenance and Expandability: The connected design of the installation cavity and the accommodation cavity simplifies the connection path of the electric spindle and the zero-point fixture, facilitating maintenance and replacement of functional modules. The adjusting base and the tool magazine base of the combined tool magazine adopt a split structure, supporting quick disassembly, installation, and upgrading to meet the future process expansion requirements.

[0029] Through technological breakthroughs such as multi-axis coordination, compact layout, high-precision transmission, and intelligent control, the present invention solves problems of traditional multi-axis machine tools such as large volume, low tool change efficiency, and insufficient flexibility. It combines high precision, high efficiency, high stability, and strong expandability, and can be widely applied to the machining of complex parts in fields such as aerospace, automotive molds, and precision electronics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings, where:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-axis machining tool;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic structure of the hidden engine room of a multi-axis machining tool Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic structure of the hidden engine room of a multi-axis machining tool Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic structure of the rotary table of the machine tool Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic structure of the rotary table of the machine tool Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic structure of the rotary table of the machine tool hiding the fixed base and the motorized spindle Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic structure of the rotary table of the machine tool hiding the fixed base and the motorized spindle Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic structure of the three-axis moving unit Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 9 It is a schematic structure of the three-axis moving unit Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 10 It is a schematic structure of the three-axis moving unit Figure 3 ;

[0041] Figure 11 It is Figure 10 the cross-sectional view taken along A-A in

[0042] Figure 12 It is a schematic structure of the X-axis module and the Y-axis module Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 13 It is a schematic structure of the X-axis module and the Y-axis module Figure 2 ;

[0044] Figure 14 It is a schematic structure of the combined tool magazine Figure 1 ;

[0045] Figure 15 It is a schematic structure of the combined tool magazine Figure 2 ;

[0046] Figure 16 Structural schematic of the combined tool magazine Figure 3 ;

[0047] Figure 17 is Figure 16 Cross-sectional view taken along B-B in

[0048] Figure 18 Cross-sectional view of the tilt angle adjustment assembly;

[0049] Figure 19 Structural schematic of the combined tool magazine Figure 4 ;

[0050] Figure 20 Structural schematic of the combined tool magazine Figure 5 ;

[0051] Figure 21 Structural schematic of the combined tool magazine Figure 6 .

[0052] In the figure, the markings are: 1, engine room; 2, base; 3, machine tool rotary table; 301, fixed base; 302, working base; 3021, accommodation cavity; 303, rotary table; 3031, installation cavity; 3032, hydraulic jaw structure; 304, linear motor; 305, rotary drive assembly; 3051, turntable rotary motor; 3052, rotary sleeve; 3053, sliding shaft; 306, electric spindle; 4, combined tool magazine; 401, tool magazine base; 402, adjustment base; 4021, threaded hole; 403, tool disc seat; 404, tool disc protective cover; 4041, tool port; 405, tool jaw; 406, lifting motor; 407, tool disc rotary motor; 408, through hole; 409, mounting bolt; 410, expansion sleeve; 4101, concave spherical surface; 411, spherical washer; 4111, convex spherical surface; 412, tool magazine slide rail; 413, tool magazine slider; 414, lifting seat; 415, lifting lead screw; 416, threaded sleeve; 417, connecting plate; 5, three-axis moving unit; 501, mounting base; 502, Z-axis module; 5021, Z-axis base; 5022, Z-axis motor; 5023, Z-axis lead screw; 5024, Z-axis threaded sleeve; 5025, Z-axis slide rail; 5026, Z-axis slider; 503, X-axis module; 5031, X-axis base; 5032, X-axis motor; 5033, X-axis slide rail; 5034, X-axis slider; 5035, X-axis lead screw; 5036, X-axis threaded sleeve; 504, Y-axis module; 5041, Y-axis base; 5042, Y-axis slide rail; 5043, Y-axis slider; 5044, Y-axis motor; 505, rotary spindle; 506, balance oil cylinder; 507, driving pulley; 508, synchronous belt; 509, driven pulley. Specific implementation mode

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that for the orientation terms, such as the terms "center", "lateral (X)", "longitudinal (Y)", "vertical (Z)", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., the indicated orientation and positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] In addition, such terms as "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meanings of "several" and "a number of" are two or more, unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0055] A multi-axis machining tool, such as Figures 1 - 3 shown, includes:

[0056] A machine cabin 1, the machine cabin 1 is fixed on a base 2, and three combined tool magazines 4 and three three-axis moving units 5 are both located inside the machine cabin 1;

[0057] The base 2, three three-axis moving units 5 and three combined tool magazines 4 are all installed on the base 2;

[0058] Three combined tool magazines 4, the three combined tool magazines 4 are respectively located above the three three-axis moving units 5, and the three combined tool magazines 4 are installed on the machine cabin 1, and a number of tools are provided in the combined tool magazine 4;

[0059] Three three-axis moving units 5, the three three-axis moving units 5 are respectively installed on the front side, left side and right side of the machine tool rotary table 3. The three-axis moving unit 5 includes a mounting base 501, a three-axis module and a rotating spindle 505. The rotating spindle 505 is installed on the three-axis module, the three-axis module is installed on the mounting base 501, and the three-axis module can drive the rotating spindle 505 to perform three-axis movement adjustment;

[0060] The machine tool rotary table 3, such as Figures 4 - 7As shown in the figure, it includes a fixed base 301, a working base 302 and a rotating table 303. The working base 302 is horizontally slidably connected to the fixed base 301, and a transverse movement module is provided between the two. The rotating table 303 is arranged obliquely and is rotatably connected to the working base 302. The rotating table 303 is connected to a rotation driving assembly 305. The rotation driving assembly 305 can drive the rotating table 303 to perform inclined rotation. A receiving cavity 3021 is provided on the working base 302, and a number of mounting cavities 3031 are provided on the rotating table 303. A zero-point clamping system capable of clamping a zero-point fixture is provided in the mounting cavity 3031. The mounting cavity 3031 communicates with the receiving cavity 3021. An electric spindle 306 capable of driving the zero-point clamping system to rotate is provided in the receiving cavity 3021. The electric spindle 306 can extend into the mounting cavity 3031 to be connected to the zero-point fixture.

[0061] Preferably, a number of fixed slide rails are provided on the fixed base 301, and a number of moving sliders are provided on the working base 302. The moving sliders cooperate with the fixed slide rails, so that the working base 302 is horizontally slidably connected to the fixed base 301 and the sliding is precise.

[0062] Preferably, as Figures 6 - 7 shown in the figure, the transverse movement module includes a linear motor 304. The linear motor 304 is installed on the fixed base 301, and the driving end of the linear motor 304 is connected to the working base 302.

[0063] Preferably, as Figures 6 - 7 shown in the figure, the rotation driving assembly 305 includes a turntable rotation motor 3051, a rotating sleeve 3052, a sliding shaft 3053, a bevel gear ring and bevel gears. The turntable rotation motor 3051 is installed on the fixed base 301. The rotating sleeve 3052 is connected to the main shaft of the turntable rotation motor 3051. The bevel gear ring is installed on the rotating table 303. One end of the sliding shaft 3053 extends into the rotating sleeve 3052 and is circumferentially and fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve 3052 and axially slidably connected. The other end of the sliding shaft 3053 is circumferentially and rotatably connected to the working base 302 and axially fixedly connected and connected to a bevel gear. The bevel gear meshes with the bevel gear ring.

[0064] Preferably, a key is fixed inside one end of the rotating sleeve 3052 connected to the sliding shaft 3053. A sliding key groove is provided at one end of the sliding shaft 3053 connected to the rotating sleeve 3052. The key extends into the sliding key groove for mating connection.

[0065] Specifically, when the transverse movement module drives the working base 302 to move relative to the fixed base 301, the sliding shaft 3053 will axially move within the rotating sleeve 3052, and then the key will move within the sliding key groove, thereby realizing the circumferential fixed connection and axial sliding connection between the sliding shaft 3053 and the rotating sleeve 3052.

[0066] Preferably, the zero-point clamping system can adopt a hydraulic jaw structure 3032. The hydraulic jaw structure 3032 is installed on the cavity wall and connected to the oil pressure pump. When it is opened, it can pop out the starting jaw structure and cooperate with the zero-point fixture installed in the installation cavity 3031, thereby realizing positioning and fixing.

[0067] Preferably, there are two installation cavities 3031 provided on the rotating table 303, and the two installation cavities 3031 are distributed relatively.

[0068] Working process and principle of the machine tool rotating worktable 3:

[0069] During use, first drive the working base 302 to move (move forward) through the transverse movement module, so that the connecting piece connected to the electric spindle 306 relatively extends out of the installation cavity 3031;

[0070] Subsequently, the turntable rotation motor 3051 is started, which drives the rotating sleeve 3052, the sliding shaft 3053 and the bevel gear ring to rotate in sequence, and then drives the bevel gear ring to rotate, and then drives the rotating table 303 to rotate, so that one installation cavity 3031 rotates to the upper side (from facing forward to facing upward). Then, the zero-point fixture installed with the product can be placed into the installation cavity 3031 through the robotic arm, and then the zero-point clamping system limits and fixes the zero-point fixture;

[0071] Finally, the turntable rotation motor 3051 is started again to drive the rotating table 303 to rotate, so that the installation cavity 3031 installed with the zero-point fixture rotates to the front side, and then the transverse movement module is started again to drive the working base to move (move backward), so that the electric spindle 306 extends into the installation cavity 3031 and is connected to the zero-point fixture. Finally, the zero-point clamping system releases the zero-point fixture, and at this time, the loading and installation of the zero-point fixture are completed.

[0072] The machine tool rotating worktable 3 in the present invention has the following advantages:

[0073] ① Spatial optimization design: By arranging the rotating table 303 obliquely and rotatably connecting it to the working base 302, the overall size of the equipment is significantly reduced, the layout space of the machine tool is saved, and the function realization is not affected at the same time. It is particularly suitable for the processing environment of compact CNC machine tools.

[0074] ② High precision and stability: The cross - movement module uses a linear motor 304 to drive the working base 302. Combining the fixed slide rail of the fixed base 301 and the moving slider of the working base 302, it realizes high - precision positioning of the horizontal sliding of the working base 302, ensuring the stability of movement and the repeat positioning accuracy during the processing.

[0075] ③ Efficient rotary drive: The rotary drive assembly 305 is driven by the meshing of a bevel gear ring and a bevel gear. Cooperating with the circumferential fixation and axial sliding connection of the sliding shaft 3053 and the rotary sleeve 3052, it can automatically adapt to the axial displacement when the working base 302 moves, while maintaining the stability of the rotary power transmission, improving the reliability and efficiency of the tilting rotation of the rotary table 303.

[0076] ④ Modularity and convenient operation: Two relatively distributed mounting cavities 3031 are provided on the rotary table 303, allowing the alternate loading and processing of zero - point fixtures. Cooperating with the electric spindle 306 in the accommodation cavity 3021, it can achieve the rapid docking and separation of zero - point fixtures, reducing the downtime and improving the multi - task processing efficiency.

[0077] ⑤ Precise positioning and fixation: The zero - point clamping system (such as the hydraulic jaw structure 3032) on the cavity wall of the mounting cavity 3031 can quickly clamp and release the zero - point fixture, ensuring the position stability of the zero - point fixture during rotation and processing, and reducing the processing errors caused by vibration or displacement.

[0078] ⑥ Advantages of automated integration: Through the coordinated control of the cross - movement module and the rotary drive assembly 305, it realizes the full - process automation of zero - point fixture loading, positioning, and processing, reduces the need for manual intervention, and significantly improves the production efficiency and the intelligent level of the equipment.

[0079] ⑦ Compact structure and strong functional expandability: The connected design of the mounting cavity 3031 and the accommodation cavity 3021 simplifies the connection path between the electric spindle 306 and the zero - point fixture, facilitating later maintenance or the expansion of functional modules to adapt to diverse processing requirements.

[0080] Through innovative structural design and drive solutions, the present invention solves the problems of large space occupation, low positioning accuracy, and insufficient operation efficiency of the traditional machine tool rotary table, and has the advantages of compactness, high precision, high efficiency, and automation, and is applicable to the field of high - precision numerical control machining.

[0081] Preferably, as Figures 8 - 11As shown in the figure, the three-axis module includes a Z-axis module 502, an X-axis module 503, and a Y-axis module 504 that are connected in sequence. The Z-axis module 502 includes a Z-axis base 5021, a Z-axis motor 5022, a Z-axis lead screw 5023, and a Z-axis threaded sleeve 5024. The Z-axis base 5021 is vertically slidably connected to the mounting base 501. The Z-axis motor 5022 is mounted on the mounting base 501. The Z-axis lead screw 5023 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 501 and is connected to the main shaft of the Z-axis motor 5022. The Z-axis threaded sleeve 5024 is mounted on the Z-axis base 5021 and is threadedly connected to the Z-axis lead screw 5023. A balance assembly is provided between the Z-axis base 5021 and the mounting base 501. The balance assembly includes a balance oil cylinder 506. The balance oil cylinder 506 is mounted on the mounting base 501 and is vertically arranged, and the piston rod of the balance oil cylinder 506 contacts the bottom of the Z-axis base 5021.

[0082] Preferably, as Figures 8 - 9 shown in the figure, a plurality of Z-axis sliders 5026 are provided on the mounting base 501, and a plurality of Z-axis slide rails 5025 are provided on the Z-axis base 5021. The Z-axis sliders 5026 are slidably connected to the Z-axis slide rails 5025 in a matching manner, so that the movement of the Z-axis base 5021 is more accurate.

[0083] Preferably, as Figures 12 - 13 shown in the figure, the X-axis module 503 includes an X-axis base 5031, an X-axis motor 5032, an X-axis lead screw 5035, and an X-axis threaded sleeve 5036. The X-axis base 5031 is vertically slidably connected to the Z-axis base 5021. The X-axis motor 5032 is mounted on the Z-axis base 5021. The X-axis lead screw 5035 is rotatably connected to the Z-axis base 5021 and is connected to the main shaft of the X-axis motor 5032. The X-axis threaded sleeve 5036 is mounted on the X-axis base 5031 and is threadedly connected to the X-axis lead screw 5035.

[0084] Preferably, a plurality of X-axis slide rails 5033 are provided on the Z-axis base 5021, and a plurality of X-axis sliders 5034 are provided on the X-axis base 5031. The X-axis sliders 5034 are slidably connected to the X-axis slide rails 5033 in a matching manner, so that the movement of the X-axis base 5031 is more accurate.

[0085] Preferably, as Figures 12 - 13As shown, the Y-axis module 504 includes a Y-axis base 5041, a Y-axis motor 5044, a Y-axis lead screw, and a Y-axis threaded sleeve. The Y-axis base 5041 is vertically slidably connected to the X-axis base 5031. The Y-axis motor 5044 is installed on the X-axis base 5031. The Y-axis lead screw is rotatably connected to the X-axis base 5031 and is connected to the main shaft of the Y-axis motor 5044. The Y-axis threaded sleeve is installed on the Y-axis base 5041 and is threadedly connected to the Y-axis lead screw.

[0086] Preferably, a plurality of Y-axis slide rails 5042 are provided on the Y-axis base 5041, and a plurality of Y-axis sliders 5043 are provided on the X-axis base 5031. The Y-axis sliders 5043 are slidably connected in cooperation with the Y-axis slide rails 5042, so that the movement of the Y-axis base 5041 is more accurate.

[0087] Preferably, the Z-axis motor 5022 and the Z-axis lead screw 5023, the X-axis motor 5032 and the X-axis lead screw 5035, and the Y-axis motor 5044 and the Y-axis lead screw are arranged side by side and parallel to each other, and a synchronous belt structure is used to connect them;

[0088] Preferably, as Figures 9 - 13 shown, the synchronous belt structure includes a driving pulley 507, a driven pulley 509, and a synchronous belt 508. The driving pulley 507 is installed on the main shaft of the motor. The driven pulley 509 is installed on the lead screw. The synchronous belt 508 is installed on the driving pulley 507 and the driven pulley 509;

[0089] Specifically, by arranging the motor and the lead screw side by side and parallel to each other, the overall occupied space size can be effectively reduced, and the space layout can be optimized.

[0090] The three-axis moving unit 5 in the present invention has the following advantages:

[0091] ① Optimization of Z-axis gravity balance: A balance oil cylinder 506 is added between the Z-axis base 5021 and the mounting base 501. Its piston rod contacts the bottom of the Z-axis base 5021, which can dynamically offset the gravity influence during Z-axis movement, improve the movement stability and accuracy, and at the same time reduce the motor load and energy consumption.

[0092] ② Efficient space utilization: By arranging the Z-axis, X-axis, and Y-axis motors and the corresponding lead screws side by side and parallel to each other, and adopting a synchronous belt drive structure, the space layout is greatly optimized, the overall size of the equipment is reduced, and it is suitable for compact CNC equipment.

[0093] ③ High-precision transmission design: Each axis module adopts a sliding connection method of cooperating slide rails and sliders (such as the Z-axis slide rail 5025 and the Z-axis slider 5026, the X / Y-axis slide rails and the corresponding sliders), combined with the lead screw-threaded sleeve transmission mechanism, to ensure the accuracy and repeat positioning accuracy of the movement in each axial direction.

[0094] ④ Synchronous belt drive reliability: The motor and the lead screw are connected through the driving pulley 507, the driven pulley 509 and the synchronous belt 508. It has high transmission efficiency and stable operation, and at the same time reduces the vibration and error that may be introduced by traditional couplings.

[0095] Through the above technical improvements, the present invention realizes the high-precision, high-stability and compact design of the three-axis moving unit 5, and can be widely applied to fields such as numerical control machine tools and laser processing equipment, with significant practical value and market competitiveness.

[0096] Preferably, as Figures 14 - 21 shown, the combined tool magazine 4 includes a tool magazine base 401, an adjustment base 402, a lifting seat 414 and a rotating tool disc. The lifting seat 414 is installed on the tool magazine base 401 and is vertically slidably connected to the tool magazine base 401. A lifting module is provided on the tool magazine base 401, and the lifting module is connected to the lifting seat 414 for driving the lifting seat 414 to lift. The rotating tool disc is installed on the lifting seat 414. The adjustment base 402 is located at the top of the tool magazine base 401, and an inclination angle adjustment component is provided between the adjustment base 402 and the tool magazine base 401.

[0097] Preferably, as Figures 16 - 18 shown, the inclination angle adjustment component includes several groups of adjustment parts. Several threaded holes 4021 are provided on the adjustment base 402, and several through holes 408 are provided at the top of the tool magazine base 401. The adjustment part includes an expansion sleeve 410, a mounting bolt 409 and a spherical washer 411. Both ends of the spherical washer 411 are provided with a plane and a convex spherical surface 4111 respectively. One end of the expansion sleeve 410 is provided with a concave spherical surface 4101. The spherical washer 411 and the expansion sleeve 410 are sequentially inserted into the through hole 408, and the plane of the spherical washer 411 contacts the adjustment base 402, and the convex spherical surface 4111 of the spherical washer 411 contacts the concave spherical surface 4101 of the expansion sleeve 410. The mounting bolt 409 passes through the expansion sleeve 410 and the spherical washer 411 and extends into the threaded hole 4021 of the adjustment base 402.

[0098] Preferably, three groups of adjustment parts are provided. Three through holes 408 are provided at the top of the tool magazine base 401, and three threaded holes 4021 are provided on the adjustment base 402. The three through holes 408 and the three threaded holes 4021 are all distributed in a triangular shape.

[0099] Specifically, three sets of adjusting members are provided between the adjusting base 402 and the tool magazine base 401, which are distributed in a triangular shape to enhance stability. The adjusting members include a spherical washer 411 and an expansion sleeve 410. By screwing the mounting bolt 409 into the threaded hole 4021 of the adjusting base 402, multi-angle fine adjustment is achieved through the cooperation of the convex spherical surface 4111 and the concave spherical surface 4101. After loosening the bolt, the adjusting base 402 can tilt around the spherical contact point and is fixed by the radial expansion force of the expansion sleeve 410 after locking, ensuring the rigidity after adjustment.

[0100] Preferably, as Figure 19 shown, a plurality of vertically arranged tool magazine slide rails 412 are provided on the tool magazine base 401, and a plurality of tool magazine sliders 413 are connected to the lifting seat 414. The plurality of tool magazine sliders 413 are respectively matched with the plurality of tool magazine slide rails 412, so that the lifting seat 414 is vertically slidably connected to the tool magazine base 401 to achieve precise vertical lifting.

[0101] Preferably, as Figures 20 - 21 shown, the lifting module includes a lifting motor 406, a lifting lead screw 415, a connecting plate 417 and a threaded sleeve 416. The lifting motor 406 is installed on the tool magazine base 401, the lifting lead screw 415 rotates on the tool magazine base 401, and one end is connected to the main shaft of the lifting motor 406. The connecting plate 417 is respectively connected to the threaded sleeve 416 and the lifting seat 414, and the threaded sleeve 416 is sleeved on the lifting lead screw 415 for threaded connection;

[0102] Specifically, the tool magazine base 401 is provided with a vertical tool magazine slide rail 412, and the lifting seat 414 is stably and vertically slid by matching the tool magazine slider 413 with the tool magazine slide rail 412; the lifting module is driven by the lifting motor 406 to rotate the lifting lead screw 415, driving the threaded sleeve 416 and the connecting plate 417 to move, and then driving the lifting seat 414 to lift, so as to accurately control the lifting precision of the lifting seat 414 and ensure the adjustability and positioning precision of the tool position.

[0103] Preferably, the lifting motor 406 and the lifting lead screw 415 are directly connected by a synchronous belt structure for transmission.

[0104] Preferably, as Figure 19 shown, the rotary tool disc includes a tool disc rotation motor 407, a tool disc seat 403 and a plurality of tool holders 405. The tool disc seat 403 is rotatably installed on the lifting seat 414. The tool disc rotation motor 407 is installed on the lifting seat 414, and the main shaft of the tool disc rotation motor 407 is connected to the tool disc seat 403. The plurality of tool holders 405 are arranged in a circular array on the tool disc seat 403.

[0105] Preferably, as Figure 14As shown, a cutter head protective cover 404 is provided on the outside of the cutter head seat 403. The cutter head protective cover 404 is fixed to the lifting seat 414 and is provided with a number of cutter ports 4041, and the number of cutter ports 4041 respectively correspond to a number of cutter claws 405.

[0106] Specifically, the cutter head rotation motor 407 drives the cutter head seat 403 and the annular array of cutter claws 405 to achieve rapid tool change; the cutter head protective cover 404 is fixed to the lifting seat 414, and its cutter ports 4041 correspond one-to-one with the claws, which not only protects the tool from external impact, but also avoids the intrusion of machining debris, improving safety and durability.

[0107] The combined tool magazine 4 in the present invention has the following advantages:

[0108] ① High-precision adjustment and stability: Through the inclination angle adjustment component using three adjusting parts distributed in a triangular shape, combined with the cooperation of the spherical washer 411 and the expansion sleeve 410, multi-dimensional angle fine adjustment can be achieved. After adjustment, it is locked by the expansion sleeve 410 to ensure rigidity and avoid loosening, significantly improving the installation accuracy.

[0109] ② Precise lifting and space optimization: The combined design of the tool magazine slide rail 412 and the lifting lead screw 415 enables the lifting seat 414 to operate smoothly and the lifting accuracy to be precise, achieving precise tool change; the rotating cutter head adopts an annular layout, combined with the lifting function, maximizing the saving of equipment space.

[0110] ③ Efficient tool change and safety protection: The cutter head rotation motor 407 drives the cutter head to quickly switch tools, shortening the tool change time; the integrated design of the cutter head protective cover 404 and the dedicated cutter port 4041 not only improves the tool change efficiency, but also protects the rotating cutter head and the internal tools, ensuring the safety of the tools.

[0111] Overall advantages:

[0112] 1. The multi-axis collaborative processing ability is significantly improved: Through the collaborative control of three three-axis moving units 5 (distributed on the front side, left side and right side of the rotary table 3), combined with the tilting rotation function of the machine tool rotary table 3, multi-angle and multi-directional synchronous processing can be achieved. The design of the Z-axis balance cylinder 506 of the three-axis moving unit 5 effectively offsets the influence of gravity, combined with the high-precision lead screw-slide rail drive system, greatly improving the processing stability and positioning accuracy, especially suitable for the efficient processing of complex curved surface parts.

[0113] 2. The space utilization rate and equipment compactness are optimized: The integrated design of the cabin 1 centrally arranges three combined tool magazines 4 and three-axis moving units 5 on the base 2, reducing the floor area of the equipment. The tilting arrangement of the rotary table 3 and the linear motor 304 drive scheme of the transverse movement module further compress the equipment volume, enabling it to adapt to a compact production environment while maintaining functional integrity.

[0114] 3. High-efficiency automation and rapid tool change system: The combined tool magazine 4 adopts a modular design, equipped with a rotating tool disc with adjustable tilt angle and a lifting module. Multi-dimensional angle fine-tuning is achieved through triangularly distributed adjusting parts to ensure accurate tool positioning. The cooperative design of the tool disc protective cover 404 and the annular array tool claws 405 enables tool change within seconds, significantly reducing downtime and improving production efficiency.

[0115] 4. High-precision transmission and enhanced stability: In the three-axis moving unit 5, the Z / X / Y-axis motors and lead screws adopt a synchronous belt drive structure to reduce vibration and transmission errors; the meshing transmission of the bevel gear-bevel gear ring of the rotary drive assembly 305 and the keyway fit of the sliding shaft 3053 ensure the stability of power transmission and the adaptability of axial displacement. The slide rail-slider fit structure of the fixed base 301 and the working base 302 further guarantees the repeat positioning accuracy of horizontal movement.

[0116] 5. Compatibility of intelligence and flexible production: The double installation cavity 3031 design of the machine tool rotary table 3 supports the alternate loading and processing of zero-point fixtures. Combined with the rapid docking function of the electric spindle 306, full-process automated loading and unloading is achieved. The zero-point clamping system can adapt to various zero-point fixture specifications to meet the flexible production requirements of small batches and multiple varieties.

[0117] 6. Convenience of maintenance and expandability: The connected design of the installation cavity 3031 and the accommodation cavity 3021 simplifies the connection path between the electric spindle 306 and the zero-point fixture, facilitating maintenance and replacement of functional modules. The adjusting base 402 and the tool magazine base 401 of the combined tool magazine 4 adopt a split structure, supporting rapid disassembly, installation and upgrading to adapt to future process expansion requirements.

[0118] Through technological breakthroughs such as multi-axis coordination, compact layout, high-precision transmission, and intelligent control, the present invention solves the problems of traditional multi-axis machine tools, such as large volume, low tool change efficiency, and insufficient flexibility. It combines high precision, high efficiency, high stability, and strong expandability, and can be widely applied to the processing of complex parts in fields such as aerospace, automotive molds, and precision electronics.

[0119] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, several improvements and refinements made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-axis machining tool, characterized in that, Comprising: A machine cabin, which is fixed on a base, and three combined tool magazines and three three-axis moving units are all located inside the machine cabin; A base, on which three three-axis moving units and three combined tool magazines are installed; Three combined tool magazines, which are respectively located above the three three-axis moving units, and the three combined tool magazines are installed on the machine cabin, and a number of tools are arranged in the combined tool magazines; Three three-axis moving units, which are respectively installed on the front side, left side and right side of the machine tool rotary table. The three-axis moving unit includes a mounting base, a three-axis module and a rotary spindle capable of clamping a tool. The rotary spindle is installed on the three-axis module, the three-axis module is installed on the mounting base, and the three-axis module can drive the rotary spindle to perform three-axis movement adjustment; A machine tool rotary table, which includes a fixed base, a working base and a rotary table. The working base is horizontally slidably connected to the fixed base and a transverse movement module is arranged between them. The rotary table is inclined and rotatably connected to the working base. The rotary table is connected with a rotary drive assembly, and the rotary drive assembly can drive the rotary table to perform inclined rotation. A receiving cavity is arranged on the working base, and a number of mounting cavities are arranged on the rotary table. A zero-point clamping system capable of clamping a zero-point fixture is arranged in the mounting cavity. The mounting cavity communicates with the receiving cavity, and an electric spindle capable of driving the zero-point clamping system to rotate is arranged in the receiving cavity. The electric spindle can extend into the mounting cavity to be connected with the zero-point fixture.

2. The multi-axis machining tool according to claim 1, wherein: The rotary drive assembly includes a turntable rotary motor, a rotary sleeve, a sliding shaft, a bevel gear ring and a bevel gear. The turntable rotary motor is installed on the fixed base, the rotary sleeve is connected with the main shaft of the turntable rotary motor, the bevel gear ring is installed on the rotary table, one end of the sliding shaft extends into the rotary sleeve and is circumferentially and fixedly connected with the rotary sleeve and axially slidably connected, the other end of the sliding shaft is circumferentially and rotatably connected with the working base and axially fixedly connected and connected with the bevel gear, and the bevel gear meshes with the bevel gear ring.

3. The multi-axis machining tool according to claim 2, wherein: The transverse movement module includes a linear motor, the linear motor is installed on the fixed base, and the driving end of the linear motor is connected with the working base.

4. The multi-axis machining tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A key is fixed inside one end of the rotary sleeve connected with the sliding shaft, and a sliding key groove is arranged at one end of the sliding shaft connected with the rotary sleeve, and the key extends into the sliding key groove for mating connection.

5. A multi-axis machining tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-axis module includes a Z-axis module, an X-axis module and a Y-axis module connected in sequence. The Z-axis module includes a Z-axis base, a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis lead screw and a Z-axis threaded sleeve. The Z-axis base is vertically slidably connected to the mounting base, the Z-axis motor is installed on the mounting base, the Z-axis lead screw is rotatably connected to the mounting base and the Z-axis lead screw is connected with the main shaft of the Z-axis motor, the Z-axis threaded sleeve is installed on the Z-axis base and is threadedly connected with the Z-axis lead screw. A balance assembly is arranged between the Z-axis base and the mounting base. The balance assembly includes a balance oil cylinder, the balance oil cylinder is installed on the mounting base and is vertically arranged, and the piston rod of the balance oil cylinder contacts the bottom of the Z-axis base.

6. A multi-axis machining tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined tool magazine includes a tool magazine base, an adjustment base, a lifting seat and a rotating tool disc. The lifting seat is installed on the tool magazine base and is vertically slidably connected to the tool magazine base. A lifting module is provided on the tool magazine base, and the lifting module is connected to the lifting seat for driving the lifting seat to move up and down. The rotating tool disc is installed on the lifting seat. The adjustment base is located at the top of the tool magazine base, and an inclination angle adjustment component is provided between the adjustment base and the tool magazine base.

7. A multi-axis machining tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inclination angle adjustment component includes a plurality of groups of adjustment members. A plurality of threaded holes are provided on the adjustment base, and a plurality of through holes are provided at the top of the tool magazine base. The adjustment member includes an expansion sleeve, a mounting bolt and a spherical washer. The two ends of the spherical washer are respectively provided with a flat surface and a convex spherical surface. One end of the expansion sleeve is provided with a concave spherical surface. The spherical washer and the expansion sleeve are sequentially inserted into the through hole, and the flat surface of the spherical washer contacts the adjustment base, and the convex spherical surface of the spherical washer contacts the concave spherical surface of the expansion sleeve. The mounting bolt passes through the expansion sleeve and the spherical washer and extends into the threaded hole of the adjustment base.

8. A multi-axis machining tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are three groups of the adjustment members. Three through holes are provided at the top of the tool magazine base, and three threaded holes are provided on the adjustment base. The three through holes and the three threaded holes are all distributed in a triangular shape.

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