Photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for algae resistance

Abstract

The present invention discloses a process for photocatalytically synthesizing hydrogen peroxide for algae suppression, relating to the technical field of hydrogen peroxide anti-algae. The process aims to address the problem of poor inhibitory effects of hydrogen peroxide on algae suppression. The present invention provides timely and accurate data through both daytime and nighttime treatment processes, facilitating rapid adjustment of treatment parameters to ensure effective treatment. Through pyrolysis, chemical vapor deposition, reduction, and doping, the catalyst structure and performance are improved, enhancing its catalytic activity and stability. Precise control of reaction conditions and optimization of catalyst structure enable a highly selective two-electron oxygen reduction reaction to generate H2O2. Precise control of reaction conditions is achieved through the configuration of a specific electrolyte, the introduction of pure oxygen as an oxygen source, and control of the cathode potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen peroxide anti-algae, and relates to a process for photocatalytically synthesizing hydrogen peroxide anti-algae. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen peroxide anti-algae is the use of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a method of combating algae growth.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN114956251B discloses a device for treating aniline wastewater by photocatalysis and hydrogen peroxide synergistic oxidation. This device primarily utilizes an electrochemical reaction based on a Bi metal-air battery mechanism to achieve synergistic action between the cathode and anode, effectively coupling the photocatalytic process with the hydrogen peroxide oxidation process. This not only addresses the high energy consumption and poor treatment effects associated with a single process, but also addresses the complexity of coupling the two processes. The device boasts simple operation, low operating energy consumption, and excellent treatment effects, and has promising industrial application prospects. While the patent addresses the issue of hydrogen peroxide resisting algae, the following challenges remain in actual operation:

[0004] 1. There is no better selection and treatment of photocatalytic materials and electrocatalytic materials, resulting in poor synthesis effect.

[0005] 2. The hydrogen peroxide anti-algae treatment was not separated into daytime and nighttime treatments according to the actual situation, resulting in poor anti-algae effect of hydrogen peroxide.

[0006] 3. There is no effective economic and environmental benefit analysis of the final inhibitory effect, which makes it impossible to solve the inhibitory effect in a targeted manner. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a process for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for algae control. The process provides timely and accurate data through daytime and nighttime treatment processes, facilitating rapid adjustment of treatment parameters to ensure treatment effectiveness. The process includes steps such as pyrolysis, chemical vapor deposition, reduction, and doping, improving the structure and performance of the catalyst, enhancing its catalytic activity and stability. Precise control of reaction conditions and optimization of the catalyst structure enable a highly selective two-electron oxygen reduction reaction to generate H2O2. Precise control of reaction conditions is achieved through the configuration of a specific electrolyte, the introduction of pure oxygen as an oxygen source, and control of the cathode potential, thereby resolving the aforementioned problems in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The process of photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae treatment includes:

[0010] Prepare photocatalytic materials and electrocatalytic materials, use solar energy and photocatalytic materials to synthesize hydrogen peroxide during the day, and use solar cells to drive electrocatalytic technology and electrocatalytic materials to continuously synthesize hydrogen peroxide at night;

[0011] The concentration of the synthesized hydrogen peroxide is monitored and analyzed respectively, and the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in the water body is evaluated based on the analysis results. Finally, based on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in the water body, the economic and environmental benefits are evaluated and an evaluation report is generated.

[0012] Preferably, the photocatalytic material and the electrocatalytic material are prepared, comprising:

[0013] The photocatalytic materials are graphite carbon nitride and DA structure conjugated polymer;

[0014] Graphitic carbon nitride is synthesized by thermal polymerization, and the photocatalytic performance is optimized by adjusting the reaction conditions, including temperature, time and raw material ratio.

[0015] DA structured conjugated polymers are synthesized by high temperature hydrothermal or polycondensation reaction to connect electron-rich and electron-deficient molecules, and the structure and properties are obtained by adjusting the reaction parameters;

[0016] The electrocatalytic materials are graphite carbon felt and carbon-based materials;

[0017] Graphite carbon felt is made by pyrolyzing phenolic resin to derive carbon materials, and by doping with nitrogen, cobalt, and iron to optimize catalytic performance;

[0018] Carbon-based materials are modified by using chemical methods to increase the active sites in electrocatalytic reactions, such as reducing graphene oxide or doping with heteroatoms.

[0019] Preferably, the hydrogen peroxide synthesis is carried out by using solar energy and photocatalytic materials during the day, including:

[0020] First, graphite phase carbon nitride and DA structure conjugated polymer are synthesized. The synthesis process of graphite phase carbon nitride is as follows:

[0021] The graphite phase carbon nitride is operated by a thermal polymerization method, using melamine or urea as a precursor and calcined in an inert gas at 550-600°C for 2-4 hours to form a layered graphite phase carbon nitride; the polymerization temperature of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride is lowered, and thiourea or trithiocyanate is introduced to form sulfur-doped graphite phase carbon nitride, and finally the sulfur-doped graphite phase carbon nitride is compounded with titanium dioxide and bismuth vanadate to obtain synthetic graphite phase carbon nitride;

[0022] The synthesis process of DA structure conjugated polymer is as follows:

[0023] The DA structure conjugated polymer is operated using a high-temperature hydrothermal method. The electron-rich unit and the electron-deficient unit are mixed in a solvent and reacted at 180-200°C for 12-24 hours to form a DA alternating copolymer. The donor and acceptor monomers are connected by coupling or reaction, and the ratio is adjusted to optimize light absorption and carrier mobility. Then, carboxyl or sulfonic acid groups are introduced to enhance hydrophilicity to obtain a synthetic DA structure conjugated polymer.

[0024] Preferably, the polymerization temperature of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride is lowered, comprising:

[0025] Extracting the cooling stage of the current polymerization temperature of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride;

[0026] Extracting the basic cooling gradient corresponding to the cooling stage from a database;

[0027] Extract the layer thickness of layered graphite phase carbon nitride;

[0028] comparing the thickness of the layered graphite-phase carbon nitride with a preset thickness reference value;

[0029] When the thickness of the layered graphite carbon nitride does not exceed the preset thickness reference value, the polymerization temperature of the layered graphite carbon nitride is lowered using the basic cooling gradient corresponding to the cooling stage;

[0030] When the layer thickness of the layered graphite carbon nitride exceeds the preset thickness reference value, the material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride are retrieved;

[0031] Adjusting the basic cooling gradient using the material parameters of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride to obtain an adjusted cooling gradient;

[0032] The polymerization temperature of layered graphite phase carbon nitride is lowered using an adjusted cooling gradient.

[0033] Preferably, adjusting the basic cooling gradient using the material parameters of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride to obtain the adjusted cooling gradient includes:

[0034] Extracting material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride, wherein the material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride include material thermal conductivity, layer thickness, layered graphite carbon nitride density, and specific heat capacity;

[0035] Get the decomposition activation energy of sulfur dopant corresponding to thiourea or trithiocyanate (J / mol);

[0036] The material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride are combined with the decomposition activation energy of the sulfur dopant corresponding to thiourea or trithiocyanate to obtain a temperature reduction gradient adjustment coefficient (dimensionless);

[0037] The cooling gradient adjustment coefficient is obtained by the following formula:

[0038]

[0039] Among them, Q represents the cooling gradient adjustment coefficient; E a represents the decomposition activation energy of the sulfur dopant; L represents the layer thickness of the layered graphite carbon nitride; ρ represents the density of the layered graphite carbon nitride; C represents the specific heat capacity of the layered graphite carbon nitride; k represents the material thermal conductivity of the layered graphite carbon nitride; R represents the ideal gas constant, in J / (mol·K), which is 8.314.

[0040] The basic cooling gradient is adjusted using the cooling gradient adjustment coefficient to obtain an adjusted cooling gradient; wherein the adjusted cooling gradient is obtained by the following formula:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, T x represents the adjusted cooling gradient; T0 represents the basic cooling gradient; Q represents the cooling gradient adjustment coefficient.

[0043] Preferably, the process of synthesizing hydrogen peroxide by utilizing solar energy and photocatalytic materials during the day also includes:

[0044] After the graphite phase carbon nitride and DA structure conjugated polymer were synthesized, the photocatalytic reactor was designed;

[0045] The structure of the photocatalytic reactor is as follows: an open tank reactor or a thin film reactor is used to cover the light-transmitting material and allow full-spectrum sunlight to penetrate. The open tank reactor or thin film reactor is built with a porous carrier loaded with photocatalytic material to form an immobilized catalyst layer. The porous carrier includes nickel foam or carbon cloth.

[0046] The control conditions of the photocatalytic reactor include light intensity, solution system, and oxygen supply. Light intensity is controlled using a solar simulator or natural light. The solution system uses deionized water as the solvent, with a trace amount of ethanol (0.5-1 vol%) added as a hole sacrificial agent to inhibit electron-hole recombination. Oxygen is supplied by continuously introducing air or pure oxygen through an aeration device, providing O2 as an electron acceptor.

[0047] The photocatalytic reactor excites the synthesized graphite carbon nitride and DA structure conjugated polymer, generating electrons and holes after excitation;

[0048] Then, the internal electric field formed by the heterojunction or doping accelerates the charge separation, and the electrons migrate to the catalyst surface to participate in the reduction reaction;

[0049] The generation pathway of hydrogen peroxide is obtained based on the reduction reaction, which includes two-electron oxygen reduction reaction and hole consumption;

[0050] The synthetic hydrogen peroxide of the photocatalytic material is obtained according to the generation path.

[0051] Preferably, the continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide at night using solar cells to drive electrocatalytic technology and electrocatalytic materials includes:

[0052] Before continuously synthesizing hydrogen peroxide, the solar cell drive is designed;

[0053] The solar cells use perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells or dye-sensitized solar cells, with a spectral response range of 300-1100nm and a photoelectric conversion efficiency range of 20-25%. The cell array is configured in series or parallel to match the operating voltage and current density of the electrocatalytic reactor, with a voltage range of 1.5-3V and a current density range of 10-50mA / cm².

[0054] The electrocatalytic reactor adopts a flow-type electrocatalytic reactor, which includes an anode chamber and a cathode chamber separated by a proton exchange membrane. The cathode chamber is filled with graphite carbon felt or carbon-based materials as a working electrode, and the anode chamber uses platinum mesh or titanium-based oxide as a counter electrode.

[0055] The graphite carbon felt and the carbon-based material are pretreated, wherein the graphite carbon felt is pretreated by pyrolyzing a phenolic resin precursor in an inert gas at 800-1000° C. to carbonize it to form a porous structure, and then doping it with nitrogen, cobalt, or iron by chemical vapor deposition; the carbon-based material is pretreated by reducing a graphene oxide dispersion in hydroiodic acid to obtain highly conductive reduced graphene oxide, mixing the reduced graphene oxide with thiourea or ammonia water, and annealing it at high temperature to achieve sulfur / nitrogen doping;

[0056] The treated graphite carbon felt and carbon-based materials were cut into 3cm×5cm sheets and fixed on a titanium current collector. The catalyst was coated on the carbon cloth surface using a polytetrafluoroethylene adhesive, and the loading amount was controlled to 2-5 mg / cm².

[0057] Preferably, the method of continuously synthesizing hydrogen peroxide at night by using solar cells to drive electrocatalytic technology and electrocatalytic materials also includes:

[0058] After the graphite carbon felt and carbon-based materials are processed, the reaction conditions for continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide are controlled;

[0059] The electrolyte is first prepared, and an acidic solution containing 0.1M Na2SO4 is introduced into the cathode chamber, and pure oxygen is continuously introduced as an oxygen source; the anode chamber is filled with 0.5M H2SO4 solution for proton conduction;

[0060] Turn on the solar cell system, introduce the photogenerated current into the electrocatalytic reactor, control the cathode potential at -0.5-0.8V to promote the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction, and monitor the current density in real time;

[0061] Finally, the continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide by electrocatalytic materials is obtained.

[0062] Preferably, the concentration of the synthesized hydrogen peroxide is monitored and analyzed, and the inhibitory effect of the hydrogen peroxide on algae in the water body is evaluated based on the analysis results, including:

[0063] Photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide is a daytime process, while continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide using electrocatalytic materials is a nighttime process.

[0064] The concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the daytime treatment process and the nighttime treatment process was monitored separately;

[0065] The daytime and nighttime treatment processes both use UV-visible spectroscopy to measure hydrogen peroxide concentrations. The daytime treatment process uses optical sensors for real-time monitoring, while the nighttime treatment process uses current density for real-time monitoring.

[0066] The inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in water bodies was evaluated based on real-time monitoring results of daytime and nighttime treatment processes;

[0067] Artificially cultivated algae were used as water samples, and hydrogen peroxide synthesized in the daytime treatment process and the nighttime treatment process were added to different algae water samples respectively;

[0068] Monitoring of algae growth during daytime and nighttime treatment processes, including chlorophyll a concentration measurement, cell counts, and photosynthetic activity measurements;

[0069] The monitoring data of algae growth were analyzed. First, the changes in algae growth inhibition rate under different hydrogen peroxide concentrations were analyzed, and then the changes in algae growth inhibition rate under different treatment times were analyzed. The inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae was evaluated according to different concentrations and times.

[0070] Preferably, the economic and environmental benefits are evaluated based on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in water bodies, including:

[0071] Conduct economic benefit evaluation based on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae, which includes cost analysis and benefit analysis;

[0072] An economic benefit model was constructed based on cost analysis and benefit analysis. Key parameters were obtained based on the economic benefit model, and sensitivity analysis was performed. After the sensitivity analysis, economic benefit evaluation data for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae treatment was obtained.

[0073] Conduct environmental benefit assessment based on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae, which includes environmental friendliness assessment, inhibitory environment assessment and ecosystem restoration assessment;

[0074] An environmental benefit model was established based on environmental friendliness assessment, environmental inhibition assessment and ecosystem restoration assessment, and environmental benefit assessment data for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae treatment was obtained based on the environmental benefit model;

[0075] Finally, the economic benefit evaluation data and environmental benefit evaluation data are used to generate a visual report.

[0076] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0077] 1. The process for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for algae resistance provided by the present invention can further enhance its ability to absorb and convert sunlight by optimizing the structure and composition of the photocatalytic material. By precisely controlling the reaction conditions and optimizing the catalyst structure, a highly selective two-electron oxygen reduction reaction can be achieved to generate H2O2.

[0078] 2. The process for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for algae resistance provided by the present invention pretreats graphite carbon felt and carbon-based materials, and improves the structure and performance of the catalyst through steps such as pyrolysis, chemical vapor deposition, reduction, and doping, thereby enhancing its catalytic activity and stability. Precise control of the reaction conditions is achieved through measures such as configuring a specific electrolyte, introducing pure oxygen as an oxygen source, and controlling the cathode potential.

[0079] 3. The photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide synthesis process for algae control provided by this invention, both during the daytime treatment process (photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide synthesis) and the nighttime treatment process (continuous hydrogen peroxide synthesis using electrocatalytic materials), provides timely and accurate data, facilitating rapid adjustment of treatment parameters to ensure effective treatment. The data analyzes not only the changes in algae growth inhibition rates at different hydrogen peroxide concentrations but also at different treatment times. This in-depth data analysis provides a more comprehensive understanding of the inhibitory effects of hydrogen peroxide on algae and the factors influencing them. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0080] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the steps of photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae treatment of the present invention.

[0081] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process of photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae treatment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] In order to solve the problem that the existing technology does not have a better selection and treatment of photocatalytic materials and electrocatalytic materials, resulting in poor synthesis effect, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0083] The process of photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae treatment includes:

[0084] Prepare photocatalytic materials and electrocatalytic materials, use solar energy and photocatalytic materials to synthesize hydrogen peroxide during the day, and use solar cells to drive electrocatalytic technology and electrocatalytic materials to continuously synthesize hydrogen peroxide at night;

[0085] The concentration of the synthesized hydrogen peroxide is monitored and analyzed respectively, and the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in the water body is evaluated based on the analysis results. Finally, based on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in the water body, the economic and environmental benefits are evaluated and an evaluation report is generated.

[0086] Specifically, photocatalytic materials can use solar energy to synthesize hydrogen peroxide without the need for an external power supply, so the energy consumption is low. Solar energy is a sustainable and renewable energy source. Using solar energy for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide can reduce dependence on fossil fuels. By monitoring and analyzing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and evaluating its inhibitory effect on algae in water bodies, process parameters can be optimized and economic benefits can be improved. As an environmentally friendly disinfectant and anti-algae agent, the use of hydrogen peroxide can reduce dependence on traditional chemical disinfectants and is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0087] Prepare photocatalytic materials and electrocatalytic materials, including:

[0088] The photocatalytic materials are graphite carbon nitride and DA structure conjugated polymer;

[0089] Graphitic carbon nitride is synthesized by thermal polymerization, and the photocatalytic performance is optimized by adjusting the reaction conditions, including temperature, time and raw material ratio.

[0090] DA structured conjugated polymers are synthesized by high temperature hydrothermal or polycondensation reaction to connect electron-rich and electron-deficient molecules, and the structure and properties are obtained by adjusting the reaction parameters;

[0091] The electrocatalytic materials are graphite carbon felt and carbon-based materials;

[0092] Graphite carbon felt is made by pyrolyzing phenolic resin to derive carbon materials, and by doping with nitrogen, cobalt, and iron to optimize catalytic performance;

[0093] Carbon-based materials are modified by using chemical methods to increase the active sites in electrocatalytic reactions, such as reducing graphene oxide or doping with heteroatoms.

[0094] Specifically, graphitic carbon nitride is inexpensive and readily available, and boasts advantages such as high nitrogen content, stable physicochemical properties, and visible light response. By adjusting the temperature, duration, and raw material ratio of the thermal polymerization reaction, its photocatalytic performance can be optimized, such as increasing specific surface area, improving light absorption capacity, and carrier separation efficiency. DA-structured conjugated polymers exhibit excellent photoelectric properties and photocatalytic activity, absorbing light energy and exciting electrons to generate hydrogen. Their structure and properties can be tuned by linking electron-rich and electron-deficient molecules through high-temperature hydrothermal synthesis or polycondensation reactions. Rational molecular structure design, doping and modification, and optimized preparation processes can further enhance their photocatalytic hydrogen production performance. Carbon materials derived from pyrolysis of phenolic resins exhibit high specific surface area and good thermal stability. Their catalytic performance can be optimized by doping with elements such as nitrogen, cobalt, and iron, enhancing reaction activity and selectivity. Chemical modification methods (such as reducing graphene oxide or doping with heteroatoms) can increase the number and quality of active sites in electrocatalytic reactions. Optimizing catalyst design and reaction conditions can achieve efficient chemical reactions and improve energy efficiency.

[0095] In order to solve the problem that the existing technology does not separate the daytime and nighttime treatment of hydrogen peroxide anti-algae treatment according to the actual situation, thus resulting in poor anti-algae effect of hydrogen peroxide, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0096] The daytime use of solar energy and photocatalytic materials to synthesize hydrogen peroxide includes:

[0097] First, graphite phase carbon nitride and DA structure conjugated polymer are synthesized. The synthesis process of graphite phase carbon nitride is as follows:

[0098] The graphite phase carbon nitride is operated by a thermal polymerization reaction method, using melamine or urea as a precursor, and calcined in an inert gas at 550-600°C for 2-4 hours to form a layered graphite phase carbon nitride; the polymerization temperature of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride is lowered, and thiourea or trithiocyanate is introduced to form sulfur-doped graphite phase carbon nitride, and finally the sulfur-doped graphite phase carbon nitride is compounded with titanium dioxide and bismuth vanadate to obtain synthetic graphite phase carbon nitride;

[0099] The synthesis process of DA structure conjugated polymer is as follows:

[0100] The DA structure conjugated polymer is operated using a high-temperature hydrothermal method. The electron-rich unit and the electron-deficient unit are mixed in a solvent and reacted at 180-200°C for 12-24 hours to form a DA alternating copolymer. The donor and acceptor monomers are connected by coupling or reaction, and the ratio is adjusted to optimize light absorption and carrier mobility. Then, carboxyl or sulfonic acid groups are introduced to enhance hydrophilicity to obtain a synthetic DA structure conjugated polymer.

[0101] After the graphite phase carbon nitride and DA structure conjugated polymer were synthesized, the photocatalytic reactor was designed;

[0102] The structure of the photocatalytic reactor is as follows: an open tank reactor or a thin film reactor is used to cover the light-transmitting material and allow full-spectrum sunlight to penetrate. The open tank reactor or thin film reactor is built with a porous carrier loaded with photocatalytic material to form an immobilized catalyst layer. The porous carrier includes nickel foam or carbon cloth.

[0103] The control conditions of the photocatalytic reactor include light intensity, solution system, and oxygen supply. Light intensity is controlled using a solar simulator or natural light. The solution system uses deionized water as the solvent, with a trace amount of ethanol (0.5-1 vol%) added as a hole sacrificial agent to inhibit electron-hole recombination. Oxygen is supplied by continuously introducing air or pure oxygen through an aeration device, providing O2 as an electron acceptor.

[0104] The photocatalytic reactor excites the synthesized graphite carbon nitride and DA structure conjugated polymer, generating electrons and holes after excitation;

[0105] Then, the internal electric field formed by the heterojunction or doping accelerates the charge separation, and the electrons migrate to the catalyst surface to participate in the reduction reaction;

[0106] The generation pathway of hydrogen peroxide is obtained based on the reduction reaction, which includes two-electron oxygen reduction reaction and hole consumption;

[0107] The synthetic hydrogen peroxide of the photocatalytic material is obtained according to the generation path.

[0108] Specifically, this approach utilizes solar energy as an energy source, with O₂ and H₂O as raw materials, to synthesize hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) via a photocatalytic material. This process produces no toxic byproducts, only H₂O and O₂, thus meeting environmental requirements. Furthermore, solar energy is the cleanest and most abundant renewable energy source, making this approach of great significance for achieving sustainable development. The designed photocatalytic reactor fully utilizes the full spectrum of sunlight for the catalytic reaction, improving solar energy utilization efficiency. Furthermore, by optimizing the structure and composition of the photocatalytic material, its ability to absorb and convert sunlight can be further enhanced. Precisely controlling reaction conditions and optimizing the catalyst structure enables highly selective two-electron oxygen reduction to H₂O₂. Furthermore, the photocatalytic material in this approach exhibits high catalytic activity, resulting in a high H₂O₂ yield. Hydrogen peroxide is an environmentally friendly oxidant widely used in organic synthesis, fuel cells, medical disinfection, and environmental remediation. This approach provides new technical support for the green production of hydrogen peroxide and has broad application prospects.

[0109] Specifically, the polymerization temperature of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride is lowered, comprising:

[0110] Extracting the cooling stage of the current polymerization temperature of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride;

[0111] Extracting the basic cooling gradient corresponding to the cooling stage from a database;

[0112] Extract the layer thickness of layered graphite phase carbon nitride;

[0113] comparing the thickness of the layered graphite-phase carbon nitride with a preset thickness reference value;

[0114] When the thickness of the layered graphite carbon nitride does not exceed the preset thickness reference value, the polymerization temperature of the layered graphite carbon nitride is lowered using the basic cooling gradient corresponding to the cooling stage;

[0115] When the layer thickness of the layered graphite carbon nitride exceeds the preset thickness reference value, the material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride are retrieved;

[0116] Adjusting the basic cooling gradient using the material parameters of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride to obtain an adjusted cooling gradient;

[0117] The polymerization temperature of layered graphite phase carbon nitride is lowered using an adjusted cooling gradient.

[0118] The technical solution described above achieves the following benefits: By extracting the cooling stage of the current polymerization temperature of the layered graphite carbon nitride and obtaining the corresponding base cooling gradient from a database, a baseline, verified cooling rate can be established for the cooling process, thereby improving temperature control accuracy. By comparing the layer thickness of the layered graphite carbon nitride with a preset thickness reference value, adaptive adjustments can be made for materials of varying thicknesses. This flexibility ensures that the most optimal cooling strategy can be found regardless of material thickness. When the layer thickness does not exceed the preset reference value and further fine-tuning is required, the base cooling gradient can be fine-tuned by accessing the layered graphite carbon nitride material parameters (such as thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient) to better match the material's physical properties. This material parameter-based adjustment helps optimize the performance of the final product, such as improving material stability, strength, and durability. Using the adjusted cooling gradient for temperature reduction ensures a smoother and more controllable cooling process, reducing material performance degradation or product defects caused by temperature fluctuations. This helps improve production efficiency and product quality, while reducing scrap rates. By integrating advanced sensors and control systems, this technical solution can monitor and adjust the cooling process in real time, further improving the controllability and efficiency of the production process.

[0119] Specifically, adjusting the basic cooling gradient using the material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride to obtain the adjusted cooling gradient includes:

[0120] Extracting material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride, wherein the material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride include material thermal conductivity, layer thickness, layered graphite carbon nitride density, and specific heat capacity;

[0121] Get the decomposition activation energy of sulfur dopant corresponding to thiourea or trithiocyanate (J / mol);

[0122] The material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride are combined with the decomposition activation energy of the sulfur dopant corresponding to thiourea or trithiocyanate to obtain a temperature reduction gradient adjustment coefficient (dimensionless);

[0123] The cooling gradient adjustment coefficient is obtained by the following formula:

[0124]

[0125] Where Q represents the cooling gradient adjustment coefficient; E a represents the decomposition activation energy of the sulfur dopant; L represents the layer thickness of the layered graphite carbon nitride; ρ represents the density of the layered graphite carbon nitride; C represents the specific heat capacity of the layered graphite carbon nitride; k represents the material thermal conductivity of the layered graphite carbon nitride; R represents the ideal gas constant, in J / (mol·K), which is 8.314.

[0126] The basic cooling gradient is adjusted using the cooling gradient adjustment coefficient to obtain an adjusted cooling gradient; wherein the adjusted cooling gradient is obtained by the following formula:

[0127]

[0128] Among them, T x represents the adjusted cooling gradient; T0 represents the basic cooling gradient; Q represents the cooling gradient adjustment coefficient.

[0129] The technical effect of the above technical solution is: by comprehensively considering the material parameters of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride, such as the thermal conductivity, layer thickness, density, specific heat capacity, and the decomposition activation energy of the sulfur dopant corresponding to thiourea or trithiocyanate, the cooling gradient adjustment coefficient is calculated to adjust the cooling gradient. The cooling process can be precisely controlled according to the material properties and reaction conditions, so that the temperature change is more in line with the process requirements, avoiding the impact of improper temperature control on material properties or reaction progress, and improving product quality and production stability. Reasonable cooling gradient adjustment helps to optimize reaction kinetics, so that the reaction proceeds at a suitable temperature change rhythm, reduces unnecessary reaction time loss, improves production efficiency, and reduces energy consumption costs. This solution can flexibly adjust the cooling gradient according to different material parameters and the decomposition activation energy of the sulfur dopant, and can adapt to different batches and different characteristics of layered graphite phase carbon nitride materials and different reaction requirements, thereby enhancing the adaptability and versatility of the process.

[0130] From a physical perspective, the decomposition activation energy (Ea) of the sulfur dopant reflects the energy threshold required for the decomposition reaction. Higher activation energy indicates a more challenging reaction and requires more suitable temperature conditions to promote the reaction, making it a key factor in the formula. The layer thickness L, density ρ, specific heat capacity C, and thermal conductivity k of the layered graphitic carbon nitride comprehensively reflect the material's thermal properties. Layer thickness and density affect the material's heat capacity and the length of the heat transfer path. Specific heat capacity represents the amount of heat absorbed or released per unit mass of a substance per degree of temperature increase or decrease, reflecting the material's heat storage capacity. Thermal conductivity reflects the material's ability to conduct heat. The interaction of these parameters determines the material's performance during heat transfer. The formula uses specific power combinations to reflect their combined influence on the cooling gradient adjustment coefficient. The ideal gas constant R serves as a normalization or scaling parameter to ensure dimensionality. Overall, this formula quantifies the influence of material properties and reaction energy requirements on the cooling gradient adjustment coefficient through the combination of these parameters. Furthermore, in the preparation of sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride from layered graphitic carbon nitride, a suitable cooling gradient allows sufficient time for atoms to align themselves in their new lattice positions. If the cooling rate is too rapid, the atoms will not have enough time to adjust their positions, potentially forming a defective crystal structure and affecting material properties. A precise cooling gradient, however, promotes the formation of a more regular crystal structure, improving material stability and electrical and optical properties. When sulfur is doped with thiourea or thiocyanate, the cooling process affects the distribution of sulfur atoms within the graphitic carbon nitride lattice. A suitable cooling gradient allows sulfur atoms to slowly and evenly integrate into the lattice, avoiding agglomeration or uneven distribution of sulfur atoms caused by sudden temperature fluctuations, ensuring uniform doping and optimizing the material's chemical activity and catalytic properties. When lowering the polymerization temperature and introducing the sulfur dopant, excessively high or unreasonable cooling rates can trigger unwanted side reactions. A suitable cooling gradient allows the reaction system to complete the reaction gradually within a relatively stable temperature environment, reducing side reactions caused by temperature fluctuations and improving the purity and yield of the target product. The cooling gradient calculated according to the formula can accurately control the cooling rhythm based on the material parameters and the reaction activation energy. This helps to provide a suitable temperature environment at different reaction stages. For example, faster cooling may be required in the early stages of the reaction to suppress certain over-reactions, while slower cooling may be required in the later stages to allow the product to fully crystallize, thereby better controlling the entire reaction process. The repeatable cooling gradient control can ensure the consistency of process conditions each time sulfur-doped graphite carbon nitride is prepared, improve the stability of the production process, reduce product quality fluctuations, and reduce the defective rate. A reasonable cooling gradient avoids unnecessary temperature adjustments and energy waste. It does not consume too much energy due to excessive cooling, nor does it require reprocessing due to abnormal reactions caused by insufficient cooling, thus achieving energy saving and consumption reduction, and reducing production costs.

[0131] Furthermore, by comprehensively considering multiple material parameters of layered graphitic carbon nitride (such as thermal conductivity, layer thickness, density, and specific heat capacity) as well as the decomposition activation energy of the sulfur dopant, this technical solution enables more precise adjustment of the cooling gradient to accommodate different materials and doping conditions. This precision and adaptability helps improve temperature control during material preparation. Precise adjustment of the cooling gradient helps optimize the microstructure and properties of layered graphitic carbon nitride. By properly controlling the cooling rate, thermal stresses and defects within the material can be reduced, thereby improving its stability, strength, and durability. Furthermore, the introduction of sulfur dopants may also bring additional performance improvements, such as enhanced conductivity or catalytic activity. Precise control of the cooling gradient can reduce material performance degradation or product defects caused by temperature fluctuations. This helps improve production efficiency and product quality, reducing scrap rates and production costs. Furthermore, precise temperature control helps shorten the preparation cycle and enhance overall production efficiency. This technical solution incorporates scientific factors such as material parameters and dopant decomposition activation energy into the cooling gradient adjustment process, enhancing the scientific nature and controllability of material preparation. This preparation method based on scientific principles will help promote the research and application development of layered graphite phase carbon nitride materials.

[0132] Utilizing solar cells to drive electrocatalytic technology and electrocatalytic materials for continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide at night, including:

[0133] Before continuously synthesizing hydrogen peroxide, the solar cell drive is designed;

[0134] The solar cells use perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells or dye-sensitized solar cells, with a spectral response range of 300-1100nm and a photoelectric conversion efficiency range of 20-25%. The cell array is configured in series or parallel to match the operating voltage and current density of the electrocatalytic reactor, with a voltage range of 1.5-3V and a current density range of 10-50mA / cm².

[0135] The electrocatalytic reactor adopts a flow-type electrocatalytic reactor, which includes an anode chamber and a cathode chamber separated by a proton exchange membrane. The cathode chamber is filled with graphite carbon felt or carbon-based materials as a working electrode, and the anode chamber uses platinum mesh or titanium-based oxide as a counter electrode.

[0136] The graphite carbon felt and the carbon-based material are pretreated, wherein the graphite carbon felt is pretreated by pyrolyzing a phenolic resin precursor in an inert gas at 800-1000° C. to carbonize it to form a porous structure, and then doping it with nitrogen, cobalt, or iron by chemical vapor deposition; the carbon-based material is pretreated by reducing a graphene oxide dispersion in hydroiodic acid to obtain highly conductive reduced graphene oxide, mixing the reduced graphene oxide with thiourea or ammonia water, and annealing it at high temperature to achieve sulfur / nitrogen doping;

[0137] The treated graphite carbon felt and carbon-based materials were cut into 3cm×5cm sheets and fixed on a titanium current collector. The catalyst was coated on the carbon cloth surface using a polytetrafluoroethylene adhesive, and the loading amount was controlled to 2-5 mg / cm².

[0138] After the graphite carbon felt and carbon-based materials are processed, the reaction conditions for continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide are controlled;

[0139] The electrolyte is first prepared, and an acidic solution containing 0.1M Na2SO4 is introduced into the cathode chamber, and pure oxygen is continuously introduced as an oxygen source; the anode chamber is filled with 0.5M H2SO4 solution for proton conduction;

[0140] Turn on the solar cell system, introduce the photogenerated current into the electrocatalytic reactor, control the cathode potential at -0.5-0.8V to promote the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction, and monitor the current density in real time;

[0141] Finally, the continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide by electrocatalytic materials is obtained.

[0142] Specifically, perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells or dye-sensitized solar cells are used as the driving source. These cells have a wide spectral response range (300-1100 nm) and high photoelectric conversion efficiency (20-25%), which can efficiently convert solar energy into electricity, providing a stable and continuous energy input for the electrocatalytic reaction. The solar cell array can be configured in series or parallel to flexibly match the operating voltage and current density requirements of the electrocatalytic reactor, ensuring that the reaction process proceeds under optimal conditions. This flexibility helps improve the overall efficiency and stability of the system. The flow-type electrocatalytic reactor separates the anode and cathode chambers by a proton exchange membrane, effectively avoiding direct material exchange between the electrodes and improving the selectivity and efficiency of the reaction. At the same time, the graphite carbon felt or carbon-based material filled in the cathode chamber serves as the working electrode, with good conductivity and catalytic activity, which helps promote the generation of hydrogen peroxide. The graphite carbon felt and carbon-based material are pretreated through pyrolysis, chemical vapor deposition, reduction, and doping to improve the structure and performance of the catalyst, thereby enhancing its catalytic activity and stability. This optimization process helps extend the life of the catalyst and reduce production costs. By configuring a specific electrolyte, introducing pure oxygen as the oxygen source, and controlling the cathode potential, precise control of reaction conditions is achieved. This precise control helps ensure an efficient and stable reaction process, increasing the yield and purity of hydrogen peroxide.

[0143] The concentration of the synthesized hydrogen peroxide was monitored and analyzed, and the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in the water was evaluated based on the analysis results, including:

[0144] Photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide is a daytime process, while continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide using electrocatalytic materials is a nighttime process.

[0145] The concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the daytime treatment process and the nighttime treatment process was monitored separately;

[0146] The daytime and nighttime treatment processes both use UV-visible spectroscopy to measure hydrogen peroxide concentrations. The daytime treatment process uses optical sensors for real-time monitoring, while the nighttime treatment process uses current density for real-time monitoring.

[0147] The inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in water bodies was evaluated based on real-time monitoring results of daytime and nighttime treatment processes;

[0148] Artificially cultivated algae were used as water samples, and hydrogen peroxide synthesized in the daytime treatment process and the nighttime treatment process were added to different algae water samples respectively;

[0149] Monitoring of algae growth during daytime and nighttime treatment processes, including chlorophyll a concentration measurement, cell counts, and photosynthetic activity measurements;

[0150] The monitoring data of algae growth were analyzed. First, the changes in algae growth inhibition rate under different hydrogen peroxide concentrations were analyzed, and then the changes in algae growth inhibition rate under different treatment times were analyzed. The inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae was evaluated according to different concentrations and times.

[0151] Specifically, a clear distinction is made between daytime treatment processes (photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide) and nighttime treatment processes (continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide using electrocatalytic materials). This helps select the appropriate treatment process based on the characteristics of different time periods and improves treatment efficiency. The daytime treatment process uses optical sensors for real-time monitoring of hydrogen peroxide concentration, while the nighttime treatment process uses current density for real-time monitoring. Both methods provide timely and accurate data, facilitating rapid adjustment of treatment parameters and ensuring treatment effectiveness. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is used to determine hydrogen peroxide concentration. This method is highly sensitive and accurate, accurately reflecting the actual concentration of hydrogen peroxide. The use of artificially cultivated algae as water samples eliminates interference from other factors in the natural environment and allows for a more accurate assessment of the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae. At the same time, hydrogen peroxide synthesized in the daytime and nighttime treatment processes was added to different algae-infested water samples, respectively, to compare the treatment effects of the two processes. Monitoring of algae growth included chlorophyll a concentration, cell counts, and photosynthetic activity measurements. These indicators can comprehensively reflect the growth status of algae, allowing for a more accurate assessment of the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide. Changes in algae growth inhibition rates were analyzed not only at different hydrogen peroxide concentrations but also at different treatment times. This in-depth data analysis contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae and the factors influencing it.

[0152] In order to solve the problem that the existing technology does not conduct effective economic and environmental benefit analysis on the final inhibition effect, thus making it impossible to solve the inhibition effect in a targeted manner, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0153] Based on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in water bodies, an assessment of economic and environmental benefits is conducted, including:

[0154] Conduct economic benefit evaluation based on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae, which includes cost analysis and benefit analysis;

[0155] An economic benefit model was constructed based on cost analysis and benefit analysis. Key parameters were obtained based on the economic benefit model, and sensitivity analysis was performed. After the sensitivity analysis, economic benefit evaluation data for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae treatment was obtained.

[0156] Conduct environmental benefit assessment based on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae, which includes environmental friendliness assessment, inhibitory environment assessment and ecosystem restoration assessment;

[0157] An environmental benefit model was established based on environmental friendliness assessment, environmental inhibition assessment and ecosystem restoration assessment, and environmental benefit assessment data for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae treatment was obtained based on the environmental benefit model;

[0158] Finally, the economic benefit evaluation data and environmental benefit evaluation data are used to generate a visual report.

[0159] Specifically, the assessment covers both economic and environmental benefits, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation. The economic benefit assessment quantifies the economic feasibility of hydrogen peroxide for algae control through cost-benefit analysis, while the environmental benefit assessment focuses on its long-term environmental impact. The economic benefit assessment constructs an economic benefit model and identifies key parameters through sensitivity analysis, enhancing the scientific nature and accuracy of the assessment. The environmental benefit assessment also establishes an environmental benefit model, comprehensively considering multiple environmental indicators and focusing on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae, making it highly targeted. Algae overgrowth is an environmental concern facing many water bodies. This proposal, by specifically evaluating the anti-algae effect of hydrogen peroxide, provides a scientific basis for practical application. The innovative introduction of photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide as an anti-algae treatment method is significant. Photocatalytic technology is environmentally friendly and efficient. Its use in synthesizing hydrogen peroxide for algae control reduces the use of chemical agents while improving treatment efficiency. The resulting report is visually displayed for easy understanding and application. This visual report intuitively presents the assessment results of both economic and environmental benefits, providing strong support for decision makers.

[0160] The above descriptions and embodiments are provided to facilitate understanding and application of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can readily make various modifications to these contents and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without requiring inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above descriptions and embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae, characterized in that: include: Prepare photocatalytic materials and electrocatalytic materials, use solar energy and photocatalytic materials to synthesize hydrogen peroxide during the day, and use solar cells to drive electrocatalytic technology and electrocatalytic materials to continuously synthesize hydrogen peroxide at night; Monitor and analyze the concentration of synthesized hydrogen peroxide, evaluate the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in water bodies based on the analysis results, and finally evaluate the economic and environmental benefits based on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in water bodies, and generate an evaluation report; The photocatalytic material is graphite phase carbon nitride and DA structure conjugated polymer; Among them, the synthesis process of graphite phase carbon nitride is: The graphite phase carbon nitride is operated by a thermal polymerization method, using melamine or urea as a precursor and calcined in an inert gas at 550-600°C for 2-4 hours to form a layered graphite phase carbon nitride; the polymerization temperature of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride is lowered, and thiourea or trithiocyanate is introduced to form sulfur-doped graphite phase carbon nitride, and finally the sulfur-doped graphite phase carbon nitride is compounded with titanium dioxide and bismuth vanadate to obtain synthetic graphite phase carbon nitride; The synthesis process of DA structure conjugated polymer is as follows: The DA structure conjugated polymer is manipulated by a high-temperature hydrothermal method. The electron-rich unit and the electron-deficient unit are mixed in a solvent and reacted at 180-200°C for 12-24 hours to form a DA alternating copolymer. The donor and acceptor monomers are connected by coupling or reaction. The ratio is adjusted to optimize light absorption and carrier mobility. Carboxyl or sulfonic acid groups are then introduced to enhance hydrophilicity to obtain a synthetic DA structure conjugated polymer. Lowering the polymerization temperature of layered graphite phase carbon nitride includes: Extracting the cooling stage of the current polymerization temperature of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride; Extracting the basic cooling gradient corresponding to the cooling stage from a database; Extract the layer thickness of layered graphite phase carbon nitride; comparing the thickness of the layered graphite-phase carbon nitride with a preset thickness reference value; When the thickness of the layered graphite carbon nitride does not exceed the preset thickness reference value, the polymerization temperature of the layered graphite carbon nitride is lowered using the basic cooling gradient corresponding to the cooling stage; When the layer thickness of the layered graphite carbon nitride exceeds the preset thickness reference value, the material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride are retrieved; Adjusting the basic cooling gradient using the material parameters of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride to obtain an adjusted cooling gradient; The polymerization temperature of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride is lowered by using an adjusted cooling gradient; The basic cooling gradient is adjusted using the material parameters of the layered graphite phase carbon nitride to obtain the adjusted cooling gradient, including: Extracting material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride, wherein the material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride include material thermal conductivity, layer thickness, layered graphite carbon nitride density, and specific heat capacity; The decomposition activation energy of the sulfur dopant corresponding to thiourea or trithiocyanate is obtained; The temperature-falling gradient adjustment coefficient is obtained by combining the material parameters of the layered graphite carbon nitride with the decomposition activation energy of the sulfur dopant corresponding to thiourea or trithiocyanate; Adjusting the basic cooling gradient using the cooling gradient adjustment coefficient to obtain an adjusted cooling gradient; The cooling gradient adjustment coefficient is obtained by the following formula: Among them, Q represents the cooling gradient adjustment coefficient; E a represents the decomposition activation energy of the sulfur dopant; L represents the layer thickness of the layered graphite carbon nitride; ρ represents the density of the layered graphite carbon nitride; C represents the specific heat capacity of the layered graphite carbon nitride; k represents the material thermal conductivity of the layered graphite carbon nitride; R represents the ideal gas constant, in J / (mol·K), which is 8.

314. The adjusted cooling gradient is obtained by the following formula: T x =T0*Q Among them, T x represents the adjusted cooling gradient; T0 represents the basic cooling gradient; Q represents the cooling gradient adjustment coefficient.

2. The process for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae according to claim 1, characterized in that: The use of solar energy and photocatalytic materials to synthesize hydrogen peroxide during the day also includes: After the graphite phase carbon nitride and DA structure conjugated polymer were synthesized, the photocatalytic reactor was designed; The structure of the photocatalytic reactor is as follows: an open tank reactor or a thin film reactor is used to cover the light-transmitting material and allow full-spectrum sunlight to penetrate. The open tank reactor or thin film reactor is built with a porous carrier loaded with photocatalytic material to form an immobilized catalyst layer. The porous carrier includes nickel foam or carbon cloth. The control conditions of the photocatalytic reactor include light intensity, solution system and oxygen supply. The light intensity is controlled using a solar simulator or natural light. The solution system uses deionized water as the solvent, and a trace amount of 0.5-1 vol% ethanol is added as a hole sacrificial agent to inhibit electron-hole recombination. The oxygen supply is provided by continuously introducing air or pure oxygen through an aeration device to provide O2 as an electron acceptor.

3. The process for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae according to claim 1, characterized in that: Utilizing solar cells to drive electrocatalytic technology and electrocatalytic materials for continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide at night, including: Before continuously synthesizing hydrogen peroxide, the solar cell drive is designed; The solar cells use perovskite-silicon stacked solar cells or dye-sensitized solar cells, with a spectral response range of 300-1100nm and a photoelectric conversion efficiency range of 20-25%. The cell array is configured in series / parallel to match the operating voltage and current density of the electrocatalytic reactor, with a voltage range of 1.5-3V and a current density range of 10-50mA / cm 2 ; The electrocatalytic reactor adopts a flow-type electrocatalytic reactor, which includes an anode chamber and a cathode chamber separated by a proton exchange membrane. The cathode chamber is filled with graphite carbon felt or carbon-based materials as a working electrode, and the anode chamber uses platinum mesh or titanium-based oxide as a counter electrode. The graphite carbon felt and the carbon-based material are pretreated, wherein the graphite carbon felt is pretreated by pyrolyzing a phenolic resin precursor in an inert gas at 800-1000° C. to carbonize it to form a porous structure, and then doping it with nitrogen, cobalt, or iron by chemical vapor deposition; the carbon-based material is pretreated by reducing a graphene oxide dispersion in hydroiodic acid to obtain highly conductive reduced graphene oxide, mixing the reduced graphene oxide with thiourea or ammonia water, and annealing it at high temperature to achieve sulfur / nitrogen doping; The pretreated graphite carbon felt and carbon-based materials were cut into 3 cm × 5 cm sheets and fixed on the titanium current collector. The catalyst was coated on the carbon cloth surface using polytetrafluoroethylene adhesive, and the loading amount was controlled to 2-5 mg / cm 2 .

4. The process for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae according to claim 3, characterized in that: Utilizing solar cells to drive electrocatalytic technology and electrocatalytic materials for continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide at night, including: After the pretreatment of graphite carbon felt and carbon-based materials is completed, the reaction conditions for continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide are controlled; The electrolyte is first prepared, and an acidic solution containing 0.1M Na2SO4 is introduced into the cathode chamber, and pure oxygen is continuously introduced as an oxygen source; the anode chamber is filled with 0.5M H2SO4 solution for proton conduction; Turn on the solar cell system, introduce the photogenerated current into the electrocatalytic reactor, control the cathode potential at -0.5-0.8V to promote the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction, and monitor the current density in real time; Finally, the continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide by electrocatalytic materials is obtained.

5. The process for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae according to claim 4, characterized in that: The concentration of the synthesized hydrogen peroxide was monitored and analyzed, and the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in the water was evaluated based on the analysis results, including: Photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide is a daytime process, while continuous synthesis of hydrogen peroxide using electrocatalytic materials is a nighttime process. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the daytime treatment process and the nighttime treatment process was monitored separately; The daytime and nighttime treatment processes both use UV-visible spectroscopy to measure hydrogen peroxide concentrations. The daytime treatment process uses optical sensors for real-time monitoring, while the nighttime treatment process uses current density for real-time monitoring. The inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in water bodies was evaluated based on real-time monitoring results of daytime and nighttime treatment processes; Artificially cultivated algae were used as water samples, and hydrogen peroxide synthesized in the daytime treatment process and the nighttime treatment process were added to different algae water samples respectively; Monitoring of algae growth during daytime and nighttime treatment processes, including chlorophyll a concentration measurement, cell counts, and photosynthetic activity measurements; The monitoring data of algae growth were analyzed. First, the changes in algae growth inhibition rate under different hydrogen peroxide concentrations were analyzed, and then the changes in algae growth inhibition rate under different treatment times were analyzed. The inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae was evaluated according to different concentrations and times.

6. The process for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae according to claim 5, characterized in that: Based on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae in water bodies, an assessment of economic and environmental benefits is conducted, including: Conduct economic benefit evaluation based on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae, which includes cost analysis and benefit analysis; An economic benefit model was constructed based on cost analysis and benefit analysis. Key parameters were obtained based on the economic benefit model, and sensitivity analysis was performed. After the sensitivity analysis, economic benefit evaluation data for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae treatment was obtained. Conduct environmental benefit assessment based on the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on algae, which includes environmental friendliness assessment, inhibitory environment assessment and ecosystem restoration assessment; An environmental benefit model was established based on environmental friendliness assessment, environmental inhibition assessment, and ecosystem restoration assessment, and environmental benefit assessment data for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for anti-algae treatment was obtained based on the environmental benefit model. Finally, the economic benefit evaluation data and environmental benefit evaluation data are used to generate a visual report.

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