Humic acid chelating type chelating fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a humic acid chelating type chelating fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, the humic acid chelating type chelating fertilizer comprises ammonium salt, phosphor salt, potassium salt, citric acid, activated humic acid, and medium trace metal element salts; the activated humic acid comprises at least one of fulvic acid, ulmic acid and brown humic acid; the medium trace metal element salt comprises at least one of calcium salt, magnesium salt, copper salt, ferric salt and manganese salt. According to the humic acid chelating type chelating fertilizer, medium elements in soil can be fully utilized, absorption and utilization of phosphorus and sulfur non-metal ions by plants can be further promoted, and therefore the disease resistance of the plants is improved, and the yield of the plants is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular relates to a humic acid chelated chelated fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Chelated fertilizer uses chelating agents to chelate trace elements in fertilizers. Chelating agents can selectively capture certain metal ions in the soil and release these metal ions in appropriate amounts when necessary. It balances the nutrient supply between roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits, allowing plants to thrive. It can promote the photosynthesis of crops and the complementarity of various nutrients, promote root development, balance various nutrients, play a role in coordination, and thus improve the disease resistance and yield of plants. It enhances the resistance and lodging resistance of crops to drought, high temperature, low temperature, and salinity. At the same time, it can also enhance the activity of various enzymes in plants, decompose and eliminate pathogens, improve the resistance of crops to diseases and pests, significantly reduce the incidence rate, and reduce the use of pesticides.

[0003] A large amount of data proves that excessive use of chemical fertilizers, especially unbalanced fertilization, seriously destroys the balance of nutrients in the soil, accelerates soil compaction, seriously affects the root growth of crops, weakens plant growth, reduces disease resistance, reduces the utilization rate of medium and trace elements, and prevents a large amount of nutrients from being absorbed, resulting in nutritional deficiencies. In particular, medium and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, and copper cannot be absorbed by plant roots, which creates obstacles to crop growth, limits the improvement of crop yield and quality, and seriously restricts the development of modern agriculture.

[0004] Calcium is an important component of the cell wall. It can stabilize the cell membrane, enhance the drought and cold resistance of plants, and improve the salt tolerance of plants. Magnesium is a component of chlorophyll and can promote the active participation of nutrients in photosynthesis. Magnesium also helps in the metabolism of phosphates, the respiration of plants, and the activation of many enzyme systems. It can improve the ability of crops to resist drought, cold and disease, promote plant growth and development, make plants strong, and keep leaves green.

[0005] Iron is an important component of cytochromes and non-hemoglobin in photosynthesis, biological nitrogen fixation and respiration, and plays a role in transferring electrons.

[0006] Copper is a component of oxidase, which can promote the synthesis of chlorophyll in plants, thereby improving the efficiency of plant photosynthesis and improving plant growth rate and quality.

[0007] The main source of phosphorus in chelated fertilizers is monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate. When phosphate meets calcium, magnesium, iron, copper and other ions, it generates slightly soluble or insoluble calcium and magnesium phosphates, which cannot be absorbed by plants, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0008] Common chelating agents are expensive and their chelating effects are affected by the soil acid-base environment, which affects the market price of chelated fertilizers. Chemical chelating agents are harmful and polluting to the soil, affecting the survival of beneficial bacteria in the soil.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new type of chelated fertilizer that can provide sufficient medium and trace elements for the growth of plants, thereby improving the disease resistance and yield of plants. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. For this purpose, the present invention provides a humic acid chelated chelated fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The humic acid chelated chelated fertilizer of the present invention can make full use of medium elements (such as calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, manganese) in the soil, and can further promote the absorption and utilization of phosphorus and sulfur non-metal ions by plants, thereby improving the disease resistance and yield of plants. The humic acid chelated chelated fertilizer of the present invention can also solve problems such as waste of resources in fertilizers and soil, soil salinization, difficulty in absorbing metal ions, and damage to soil ecology by chemical chelating agents in the prior art.

[0011] The first aspect of the present invention provides a humic acid chelated chelated fertilizer.

[0012] A humic acid chelated chelated fertilizer, comprising an ammonium salt, a phosphate salt, a potassium salt, citric acid, activated humic acid, and medium and trace metal element salts; The activated humic acid includes at least one of fulvic acid, brown humic acid, and lignite humic acid; The medium and trace metal element salts include at least one of calcium salt, magnesium salt, copper salt, iron salt, and manganese salt.

[0013] Preferably, the ammonium salt includes at least one of ammonium nitrate and ammonium citrate.

[0014] Preferably, the activated humic acid includes fulvic acid, brown humic acid, and lignite humic acid.

[0015] Preferably, in the activated humic acid, the weight ratio of fulvic acid, brown humic acid, and lignite humic acid is 1:(0.5-1):(0.5-1). The activated humic acid composed of specific proportions of fulvic acid, brown humic acid, and lignite humic acid has an obvious effect on promoting the increase of plant yield.

[0016] Preferably, the potassium salt includes at least one of potassium chloride and potassium nitrate.

[0017] Preferably, the phosphate salt includes at least one of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and diammonium phosphate.

[0018] Preferably, the calcium salt, magnesium salt, copper salt, iron salt, and manganese salt include the corresponding nitrates. For example, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, iron nitrate, and manganese nitrate.

[0019] Preferably, in the medium and trace metal element salts, the weight ratio of calcium salt, magnesium salt, copper salt, iron salt, and manganese salt is 1:(0.8 - 1.5):(0.1 - 1):(0.1 - 0.5):(0.1 - 0.3). The medium and trace metal element salts with appropriate dosage ratios are beneficial to the growth of plants.

[0020] The humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer of the present invention can not only provide medium and trace metal elements by itself, but also citric acid and neutral ammonium citrate have very strong complexing abilities. They can form citric acid complexes with calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, and manganese in the soil, which is beneficial for crops to absorb these metal ions. At the same time, the phosphate or sulfate corresponding to the salts formed by these metal ions in the soil is released, making these acid radicals easier to be absorbed and utilized by plants, thereby increasing fertilizer efficiency.

[0021] The activated humic acid of the present invention has certain complexing ability and the function of stimulating crop growth, improves soil organic matter, and is beneficial to the survival of beneficial bacteria in the soil. In particular, the citric acid and the activated humic acid of the present invention can play a synergistic effect in plant growth and increasing yield.

[0022] The humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer of the present invention can not only provide essential macronutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for plants, but also provide absorbable medium elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, and manganese metal ions and non-metal ions such as phosphorus and sulfur for plants. It accelerates the complexation and coordination of metal ions in the soil under the chelation effect, making the metal ions more easily absorbed by plants. At the same time, it can activate the phosphate and sulfate fixed by these metal ions in the soil, and also has the effects of neutralizing soil pH, improving soil properties, inhibiting soil salinization due to excessive fertilization, loosening the soil, reducing labor intensity, avoiding resource waste, improving the plant growth environment, promoting root development, enhancing disease resistance, increasing crop yield, and improving product quality.

[0023] Preferably, the humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer, by weight, comprises 40 parts of ammonium salt, 20 - 30 parts of phosphate salt, 20 - 30 parts of potassium salt, 1 - 10 parts of citric acid, 1 - 12 parts of activated humic acid, and 0.01 - 5 parts of medium and trace metal element salts.

[0024] More preferably, the humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer, by weight, comprises 40 parts of ammonium salt, 22 - 28 parts of phosphate salt, 22 - 25 parts of potassium salt, 2 - 8 parts of citric acid, 3 - 8 parts of activated humic acid, and 0.05 - 3 parts of medium and trace metal element salts.

[0025] Preferably, the humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer, by weight, further comprises 1 - 4 parts of ammonium sulfate. Ammonium sulfate can be formed by adding sulfuric acid and ammonia water during the preparation of the humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer. This has an obvious promoting effect on increasing the yield of plants.

[0026] Preferably, the humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer further comprises 0.1 - 3 parts of malic acid by weight. The introduction of malic acid can further enhance the ability of the humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer to chelate metal ions such as calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, and manganese, thus contributing to the growth of plants and the increase in yield.

[0027] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer.

[0028] A method for preparing a humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer includes the following steps: Mix the components and granulate to obtain the humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer.

[0029] Preferably, the preparation method includes the following steps: Mix ammonium salt, phosphate salt, potassium salt, citric acid, activated humic acid, and medium and trace metal element salts, and enter them into a granulator through a conveyor. Add sulfuric acid solution and ammonia water to the granulator for reaction to obtain the humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer.

[0030] Preferably, the mass concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 80% - 98%.

[0031] Preferably, the mass concentration of the ammonia water is 1% - 30%.

[0032] The third aspect of the present invention provides an application of a humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer.

[0033] The above-mentioned humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer is applied in the agricultural field.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Through the mutual cooperation of the components, the humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer of the present invention can not only provide medium and trace metal elements, but also citric acid and neutral ammonium citrate have very strong complexing abilities. They can form citric acid complexes with calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, and manganese in the soil, which is beneficial for crops to absorb these metal ions. At the same time, the phosphate or sulfate corresponding to the salts formed by these metal ions in the soil is released, making these acid radicals easy to be absorbed and utilized by plants, increasing fertilizer efficiency. The activated humic acid has certain complexing ability and the function of stimulating crop growth, improving soil organic matter, and being beneficial to the survival of beneficial bacteria in the soil. In particular, the citric acid and activated humic acid of the present invention can play a synergistic effect in plant growth and yield increase.

[0035] (2) The humic acid chelated chelate fertilizer of the present invention can adjust the acidity and alkalinity of the soil, increase the content of soil organic matter, protect and improve soil quality. Improve the environment for plant growth, promote well-developed roots, improve disease resistance, increase crop yield, and improve product quality.

[0036] (3) Citric acid is not affected by pH value and can chelate and coordinate with metal ions. Citric acid is economical, with sufficient market supply and demand, and easily available raw materials. It can convert insoluble phosphorus in the soil into soluble phosphorus, which can be absorbed by plants, improving the utilization rate of fertilizers. Specific implementation manners

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. The raw materials, reagents or devices used in the following embodiments can be obtained from conventional commercial channels or can be obtained by existing known methods without special instructions.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A humic acid chelated chelating fertilizer, by weight, includes 40 parts of ammonium salt (ammonium citrate), 25 parts of phosphate salt (diammonium phosphate), 20 parts of potassium salt (potassium chloride), 5 parts of citric acid, 5 parts of activated humic acid (fulvic acid), and 0.5 part of medium and trace metal element salts; The medium and trace metal element salts include calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, iron nitrate, and manganese nitrate, and the weight ratio of calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, iron nitrate, and manganese nitrate is 1:1:0.5:0.3:0.2.

[0040] A preparation method of a humic acid chelated chelating fertilizer includes the following steps: Mix the components, and enter them into a granulator through a conveyor to granulate, obtaining a humic acid chelated chelating fertilizer.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A humic acid chelated chelating fertilizer, by weight, includes 40 parts of ammonium salt (ammonium citrate), 22 parts of phosphate salt (diammonium phosphate), 25 parts of potassium salt (potassium chloride), 8 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of activated humic acid (composed of fulvic acid, brown humic acid, and lignite humic acid in a weight ratio of 1:1:1), and 0.8 part of medium and trace metal element salts; The medium and trace metal element salts include calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, iron nitrate, and manganese nitrate, and the weight ratio of calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, iron nitrate, and manganese nitrate is 1:0.8:0.6:0.4:0.2.

[0043] Ammonium sulfate is also included in the humic acid chelated chelating fertilizer.

[0044] A preparation method of a humic acid chelated chelating fertilizer includes the following steps: Mix the ammonium salt, phosphate salt, potassium salt, citric acid, activated humic acid, and medium and trace metal element salts, and enter them into a granulator through a conveyor. Add 4 parts by weight of sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of 98% and 4 parts by weight of ammonia water with a mass concentration of 20% to the granulator for reaction to obtain a humic acid chelated compound fertilizer.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] A humic acid chelated compound fertilizer, by weight, includes 40 parts of ammonium salt (ammonium citrate), 25 parts of phosphate salt (diammonium phosphate), 20 parts of potassium salt (potassium chloride), 5 parts of citric acid, 5 parts of activated humic acid (fulvic acid), 0.5 part of medium and trace metal element salts, and 1 part of malic acid; The medium and trace metal element salts include calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, iron nitrate, and manganese nitrate. The weight ratio of calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, iron nitrate, and manganese nitrate is 1:1:0.5:0.3:0.2.

[0047] A preparation method of a humic acid chelated compound fertilizer includes the following steps: Mix each component, enter it into a granulator through a conveyor, granulate to obtain a humic acid chelated compound fertilizer.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] A humic acid chelated compound fertilizer, by weight, includes 40 parts of ammonium salt (ammonium citrate), 22 parts of phosphate salt (diammonium phosphate), 25 parts of potassium salt (potassium chloride), 8 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of activated humic acid (composed of fulvic acid, brown humic acid, and lignite humic acid in a weight ratio of 1:1:1), 0.8 part of medium and trace metal element salts, and 1.5 parts of malic acid; The medium and trace metal element salts include calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, iron nitrate, and manganese nitrate. The weight ratio of calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, iron nitrate, and manganese nitrate is 1:0.8:0.6:0.4:0.2.

[0050] The humic acid chelated compound fertilizer also includes ammonium sulfate.

[0051] A preparation method of a humic acid chelated compound fertilizer includes the following steps: Mix the ammonium salt, phosphate salt, potassium salt, citric acid, activated humic acid, and medium and trace metal element salts, and enter them into a granulator through a conveyor. Add 4 parts by weight of sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of 98% and 4 parts by weight of ammonia water with a mass concentration of 20% to the granulator for reaction to obtain a humic acid chelated compound fertilizer.

[0052] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 1 is only that an equal amount of activated humic acid (fulvic acid) is used to replace citric acid in Example 1, and other contents are the same as those in Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 2 is only that an equal amount of potassium salt (potassium chloride) is used to replace the medium and trace metal element salts in Example 1, and other contents are the same as those in Example 1.

[0054] Product effect test 1. Tomato planting experiment Taking tomatoes as the experimental object, under the same planting conditions, the humic acid chelated compound fertilizers of the above Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were used as fertilizers respectively, and fertilization was carried out once on the 30th day (fertilization was carried out at 30 g / plant) and the 60th day (fertilization was carried out at 50 g / plant) of the growth of tomato seedlings. At the 120th day, the number of fruits set per plant was counted, and the average weight of each tomato fruit was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Project Number of fruits per plant (pcs) Average weight of a single tomato fruit (g) Example 1 5 1052.3 Example 2 5 1075.6 Example 3 5 1091.8 Example 4 5 1124.7 Comparative Example 1 5 950.3 Comparative Example 2 5 862.1 It can be seen from Table 1 that compared with Comparative Example 1, the yield per plant in Example 1 increased by (5 * 1052.3 - 5 * 950.3) / (5 * 950.3) * 100% = 10.7%. Compared with Comparative Example 2, the yield per plant in Example 1 increased by (5 * 1052.3 - 5 * 862.1) / (5 * 862.1) * 100% = 22.1%. The humic acid chelated compound fertilizer of the embodiment of the present invention can significantly improve the yield of tomatoes compared with the comparative examples. Moreover, it can also be seen from the results of the examples and comparative examples that the activated humic acid and citric acid of the present invention have a synergistic effect in improving the yield of tomatoes.

[0055] Moreover, the tomato plants corresponding to the examples have more developed roots, thicker stems, and thick, soft and tough leaves.

[0056] 2. Apple tree disease prevention experiment Taking the humic acid chelated compound fertilizers of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 as base fertilizers for apple trees (a total of 300 apple trees, divided into 3 groups, 100 trees in each group), the incidence rates of little leaf disease of the apple trees using the humic acid chelated compound fertilizers of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are 1%, 8% and 5% respectively.

[0057] It can be seen from this that the humic acid chelated compound fertilizer prepared in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the incidence rate of little leaf disease of apple trees.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as "including", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or still includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0059] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A humic acid chelate type chelate fertilizer, characterized in that: Including ammonium salts, phosphate salts, potassium salts, citric acid, activated humic acid, and trace metal element salts; The activated humic acid comprises at least one of fulvic acid, palmitic acid and brown fulvic acid; The trace metal element salt includes at least one of calcium salt, magnesium salt, copper salt, iron salt and manganese salt.

2. The humic acid chelate fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonium salt includes at least one of ammonium nitrate and ammonium citrate.

3. The humic acid chelate fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The potassium salt includes at least one of potassium chloride and potassium nitrate.

4. The humic acid chelate fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phosphate salt includes at least one of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and diammonium phosphate.

5. The humic acid chelate fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activated humic acid includes fulvic acid, palmitic acid and brown fulvic acid.

6. The humic acid chelate fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In the medium and trace metal element salts, the weight ratio of calcium salt, magnesium salt, copper salt, iron salt and manganese salt is 1: (0.8-1.5): (0.1-1): (0.1-0.5): (0.1-0.3).

7. The humic acid chelate fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcium salt, magnesium salt, copper salt, iron salt and manganese salt include corresponding nitrates.

8. The humic acid chelate fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The humic acid chelate fertilizer comprises, by weight, 40 parts of ammonium salt, 20-30 parts of phosphate salt, 20-30 parts of potassium salt, 1-10 parts of citric acid, 1-12 parts of activated humic acid, and 0.01-5 parts of medium and trace metal element salt.

9. The method for preparing the humic acid chelate fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The components are mixed and granulated to obtain the humic acid chelate type chelate fertilizer.

10. Use of the humic acid chelate fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in the agricultural field.