Silencing and exhausting structure of turbocharger

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of turbochargers, in particular to a noise reduction and exhaust structure of a turbocharger, which comprises the turbocharger, a ball block positioned at a concave part of a cam moves in a direction far away from the axis of the cam in the process that the cam positively rotates by a certain angle, so that a stop block moves towards an air outlet hole and blocks the air outlet hole; meanwhile, the ball block located at the protruding part of the cam moves in the direction close to the cam shaft center, so that the check block moves away from the air outlet hole, airflow enters the air outlet cavity from the air outlet hole with the check block moved away and then flows out, and otherwise, the continuous airflow is divided into discrete pulses through periodic opening and closing of the check block; different air outlets are opened and closed in a staggered mode, so that the sound wave phase difference is increased, high-frequency noise is attenuated due to interference offset, and compared with a traditional passive noise reduction technology, the active noise reduction device has the advantages of being high in active noise reduction efficiency, compact in structure, dynamically adjustable, low in airflow resistance, high in reliability and the like, and particularly meets the strict requirements of a turbocharging system for broadband noise suppression and space limitation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of turbochargers, and particularly to a silencing exhaust structure of a turbocharger. Background Art

[0002] With the high efficiency of internal combustion engines and the strictness of emission regulations, turbochargers are widely used. However, the broadband airflow noise generated during their operation has become a key problem in the NVH field. Traditional silencing methods are limited by spatial layout and backpressure requirements, and it is difficult to balance noise reduction and engine performance. In recent years, research has focused on acoustic simulation optimization, application of new materials, and active noise control technology, combined with integrated design of intake and exhaust systems to balance silencing effect, airflow efficiency, and cost control; A silencer for a turbocharger with the publication number of CN208487064U includes a one-way valve and a silencer body provided with a supplementary air intake passage. The supplementary air intake passage is provided with a spiral air passage and an air accumulation ring groove. The one-way valve is connected to the supplementary air intake passage, and a corresponding supplementary air inlet is provided on the supplementary air intake passage. Compressed air enters the supplementary air intake passage from the supplementary air inlet of the silencer, is accelerated, pressurized, and rotated through the spiral air passage and gathered in the air accumulation ring groove. The air accumulation ring groove makes the high-pressure supplementary air enter the supercharger from the edge of the impeller through the anti-impact effect and the negative pressure at the impeller inlet. It can improve the low-speed air intake volume and pressure ratio of the supercharger, make the supercharger always operate in the high-efficiency area, and improve the low-speed performance of the engine; the decreasing area of the spiral air passage increases the supplementary air pressure; the special design of the air accumulation groove reduces the pressure loss, has good air guiding effect, and avoids axial impact on the supercharger rotor; The existing silencing structures of turbochargers have the following disadvantages: The existing active noise reduction technology has low efficiency, mainly limited by the phase misalignment of the anti-phase sound waves caused by signal processing delay, the short wavelength of high-frequency noise making it difficult to accurately cancel, and the challenge of algorithm adaptability in complex sound field environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a silencing exhaust structure of a turbocharger to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above invention purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: Provide a silencing exhaust structure of a turbocharger, including a turbocharger. An primary silencing component is provided at the exhaust gas outlet of the turbocharger. The primary silencing component is connected to a secondary silencing component through a U-shaped pipe, and the secondary silencing component is connected to a tertiary silencing mechanism; wherein The tertiary silencing mechanism includes: An airflow variable path component, and a driving component is connected to the airflow variable path component.

[0005] Furthermore, the primary silencing component includes: The first-stage expansion chamber has a conical left end, and the end with a smaller inner diameter of the cone is fixedly connected to the exhaust gas outlet. The right end of the first-stage expansion chamber is in a straight tube shape. There are three turntables rotatably connected in the first-stage expansion chamber. Sector-shaped air flow channels are respectively formed on the three turntables, and the sizes of the sector-shaped air flow channels on the three turntables are different. Two connecting frames are fixedly connected in the first-stage expansion chamber, and the two connecting frames are arranged between the turntables. A planetary gear is connected to the connecting frame. The sun gear of the planetary gear is fixedly connected to the turntable on the left side of the planetary gear, and the planet gear of the planetary gear is fixedly connected to the turntable on the right side of the planetary gear.

[0006] Furthermore, the secondary sound-absorbing component includes: The second-stage expansion chamber, the end with a smaller inner diameter of the second-stage expansion chamber is fixedly connected to the U-shaped tube. A flange is fixedly connected at the connection between the second-stage expansion chamber and the U-shaped tube. The middle of the flange is designed in a conical shape. A plurality of connection holes are annularly formed at the edge of the flange. A flow guide pipe is fixedly connected in the connection hole, and a spiral channel is provided in the flow guide pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the air flow path-changing component includes: An air flow pipe, one end of the air flow pipe is fixedly connected to the end with a larger inner diameter of the second-stage expansion chamber, and the other end of the air flow pipe is connected to a connecting plate. An air inlet chamber and an air outlet chamber are respectively formed on both sides of the connecting plate. The side where the air inlet chamber is located is fixedly connected to the other end of the air flow pipe, and the side where the air outlet chamber is located is fixedly connected to one end of the air flow pipe. A rotating shaft is axially rotatably connected to the connecting plate. One end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a first cam, and the first cam is arranged in the air inlet chamber. A plurality of ejector rods are annularly slidably arranged in the radial position of the connecting plate. One end of the ejector rod is fixedly connected to a spherical block, and a stop block is fixedly connected to the ejector rod. A plurality of air outlet holes are radially formed at the connection position between the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber, and a first spring is also sleeved on the ejector rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the driving component includes: A disc, the disc is fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating shaft. A push rod is slidably connected along the radial direction of the air flow pipe. One end of the push rod is fixedly connected to a sliding groove, and a convex block is fixedly connected to the disc. The convex block is slidably connected in the sliding groove. A second spring is sleeved on the push rod, and the other end of the push rod abuts against a second cam, and the second cam is fixedly connected to the turbine of the turbocharger.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects: 1. After the air flow is discharged from the spiral channel, it enters the air flow pipe. When the cam rotates, it pushes the ball block to slide radially, and then the ball block pushes the ejector rod to slide radially. When the ejector rod slides radially, it drives the stop block to slide radially. During the process of the cam rotating forward by a certain angle, the ball block in the concave part of the cam moves away from the axis of the cam, causing the stop block to move towards the air outlet and block the air outlet. At the same time, the ball block in the convex part of the cam moves towards the axis of the cam, causing the stop block to move away from the air outlet. At this time, the air flow enters the air outlet cavity from the air outlet where the stop block has moved away and then flows out. Vice versa. The periodic opening and closing of the stop block divides the continuous air flow into discrete pulses. The staggered opening and closing of different air outlets increases the sound wave phase difference, and the high-frequency noise is attenuated due to interference cancellation. This technology actively divides the continuous air flow into discrete pulses through a mechanical cam and stop block mechanism, uses the staggered opening and closing of multiple air outlets to generate a sound wave phase difference, and makes the high-frequency noise attenuate due to interference cancellation. Compared with traditional passive noise reduction technologies, it has the advantages of high active noise reduction efficiency, compact structure, dynamic adjustability, low air flow resistance, and strong reliability, and is especially suitable for the stringent requirements of turbocharging systems for broadband noise suppression and space limitation.

[0010] 2. The air flow enters the expansion chamber from the end with a small conical inner diameter and sequentially passes through three turntables along the expansion chamber. When the turbocharger rotates, two planetary gears drive the three turntables to rotate, making the rotational speeds of the three turntables different. The air flow flows out from the air flow channels of the turntables. When the air flow enters the first-stage expansion chamber from the conical inlet, it sequentially passes through three turntables with different rotational speeds, and the air flow is periodically cut into discontinuous segments by the fan-shaped channels on the turntables; due to the difference in the rotational speeds of the turntables, frequency misalignment and turbulent interference occur when the air flow passes through different fan-shaped channels, and the sound wave energy is attenuated due to mutual cancellation in the expansion chamber. At the same time, the sudden change in the cross-section of the expansion chamber structure further reflects part of the sound waves, and superimposing the disturbance of the rotating turntables on the air flow, finally reduces the noise through the dual mechanisms of mechanical dispersion and acoustic impedance matching. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0011] The schematic drawings forming a part of this invention are used to provide a further understanding of this invention. The schematic embodiments of this invention and their descriptions are used to explain this invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to this invention.

[0012] In addition, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", "connected to", "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or there can also be internal communication between two devices, components or parts. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0013] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the primary silencing component of the present invention; Figure 3 Exploded schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the primary silencing component of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the secondary silencing component of the present invention; Figure 5 Exploded schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the secondary silencing component of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the flange of the present invention; Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the overall three-dimensional structure of the spiral channel of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the tertiary silencing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the first cam of the present invention; Figure 10 Front view of the overall three-dimensional structure of the connecting plate of the present invention; Figure 11 Rear view of the overall three-dimensional structure of the connecting plate of the present invention; In the drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows: 1. Turbocharger; 2. Primary silencing component; 21. Primary expansion chamber; 22. Turntable; 221. Sector air flow channel; 23. Connecting frame; 24. Planetary gear; 3. U-shaped pipe; 4. Secondary silencing component; 41. Secondary expansion chamber; 42. Flange; 421. Connecting hole; 43. Diversion pipe; 44. Spiral channel; 5. Tertiary silencing mechanism; 51. Air flow path changing component; 511. Air flow pipe; 512. Connecting plate; 5121. Intake cavity; 5122. Exhaust cavity; 513. Rotating shaft; 514. First cam; 515. Push rod; 516. Stopper; 517. Air outlet hole; 518. First spring; 52. Driving component; 521. Disc; 522. Push rod; 523. Slide groove; 524. Second spring; 525. Second cam. Detailed implementation manners

[0014] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of this application, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution in the embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0015] Referring to Figure 1 As shown, a silencing exhaust structure of a turbocharger includes a turbocharger 1. An primary silencing component 2 is provided at the exhaust gas outlet of the turbocharger 1. The primary silencing component 2 is connected to a secondary silencing component 4 through a U-shaped pipe 3, and the secondary silencing component 4 is connected to a tertiary silencing mechanism 5; wherein The tertiary silencing mechanism 5 includes: An air flow path changing component 51, and a driving component 52 is connected to the air flow path changing component 51.

[0016] The rotation of the turbine in the turbocharger 1 drives the rotation of the primary silencing component 2 for preliminary silencing. The gas discharged from the turbocharger 1 enters the secondary silencing component 4 for silencing after passing through the primary silencing component 2, and at the same time drives the driving component 52 to work, so that the driving component 52 pushes the air flow path changing component 51 to silence the air flow.

[0017] Referring to Figures 2-3 As shown, the primary silencing component 2 includes: A primary expansion chamber 21. The left end of the primary expansion chamber 21 is conical, and the small-diameter end of the cone is fixedly connected to the exhaust gas outlet. The right end of the primary expansion chamber 21 is cylindrical. Three turntables 22 are rotatably connected in the primary expansion chamber 21. Sector-shaped air flow channels 221 are respectively formed on the three turntables 22. The sizes of the sector-shaped air flow channels 221 on the three turntables 22 are different. Two connecting frames 23 are fixedly connected in the primary expansion chamber 21. The two connecting frames 23 are arranged between the turntables 22. A planetary gear 24 is connected to the connecting frame 23. The sun gear of the planetary gear 24 is fixedly connected to the turntable 22 on the left side of the planetary gear 24, and the planetary gears of the planetary gear 24 are fixedly connected to the turntable 22 on the right side of the planetary gear 24.

[0018] The air flow enters the expansion chamber from the end with a smaller inner diameter of the cone, and sequentially passes through three rotating discs 22 along the expansion chamber. When the turbocharger 1 rotates, two planetary gears 24 drive the three rotating discs 22 to rotate, so that the rotational speeds of the three rotating discs 22 are different. The air flow flows out from the air flow channels of the rotating discs 22. When the air flow enters the first-stage expansion chamber 21 from the conical inlet, it sequentially passes through three rotating discs 22 with different rotational speeds, and the air flow is periodically cut into discontinuous segments by the fan-shaped channels on the rotating discs 22; due to the difference in the rotational speeds of the rotating discs 22, frequency dislocation and turbulent interference occur when the air flow passes through different fan-shaped channels, and the acoustic wave energy attenuates due to mutual cancellation in the expansion chamber. At the same time, the cross-sectional mutation of the expansion chamber structure further reflects part of the acoustic waves, and superimposes the disturbance of the rotating discs 22 on the air flow, and finally reduces the noise through the dual mechanisms of mechanical dispersion and acoustic impedance matching.

[0019] Referring to Figures 4-7 as shown, the secondary silencing component 4 includes: A secondary expansion chamber 41, one end with a smaller inner diameter of the secondary expansion chamber 41 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped pipe 3, a flange 42 is fixedly connected at the connection between the secondary expansion chamber 41 and the U-shaped pipe 3, the middle of the flange 42 is designed in a conical shape, and a plurality of connection holes 421 are annularly formed at the edge of the flange 42. A diversion pipe 43 is fixedly connected in the connection hole 421, and a spiral channel 44 is provided in the diversion pipe 43.

[0020] The air flow that has undergone preliminary silencing enters the secondary expansion chamber 41. After the air flow impacts the conical part in the middle of the flange 42, the air flow is dispersed, and the dispersed air flow is discharged from the spiral channels 44 in the plurality of diversion pipes 43. When the preliminarily silenced air flow enters the expansion chamber, it first impacts the conical structure in the middle of the flange 42, so that the air flow is forced to disperse and the flow velocity is reduced, reducing turbulent noise; subsequently, the dispersed air flow passes through the spiral channels 44 of the annularly distributed diversion pipes 43. The spiral design forces the air flow to rotate along the pipe wall. On the one hand, the acoustic wave energy is attenuated by frictional energy consumption, and on the other hand, the spiral path prolongs the residence time of the air flow, so that acoustic waves of different frequencies are reflected multiple times and interfere with each other and cancel each other in the expansion chamber. In addition, the combination of the U-shaped pipe 3 and the expansion chamber further utilizes the principle of acoustic impedance mutation to reflect part of the acoustic waves, and finally realizes efficient silencing through the synergistic effect of dispersion to rotation to interference.

[0021] Referring to Figures 8-11 as shown, the air flow variable path component 51 includes: Air flow pipe 511, one end of the air flow pipe 511 is fixedly connected to the end with a larger inner diameter of the secondary expansion chamber 41, the other end of the air flow pipe 511 is connected to a connecting plate 512, intake chambers 5121 and outlet chambers 5122 are respectively formed on both sides of the connecting plate 512, the side where the intake chamber 5121 is located is fixedly connected to the other end of the air flow pipe 511, the side where the outlet chamber 5122 is located is fixedly connected to one end of the air flow pipe 511, a rotating shaft 513 is axially rotatably connected to the connecting plate 512, one end of the rotating shaft 513 is rotatably connected to a first cam 514, the first cam 514 is arranged in the intake chamber 5121, a plurality of ejector rods 515 are annularly slidably arranged in the radial position of the connecting plate 512, one end of the ejector rod 515 is fixedly connected to a spherical block, a stop block 516 is fixedly connected to the ejector rod 515, a plurality of air outlet holes 517 are radially formed at the position where the intake chamber 5121 is connected to the outlet chamber 5122, and a first spring 518 is also sleeved on the ejector rod 515.

[0022] After the air flow is discharged from the spiral channel 44, it enters the air flow pipe 511. When the first cam 514 rotates, it pushes the spherical block to slide radially, and further makes the spherical block push the ejector rod 515 to slide radially. When the ejector rod 515 slides radially, it drives the stop block 516 to slide radially. During the process of the first cam rotating forward by a certain angle, the spherical block in the concave part of the cam moves away from the cam axis, making the stop block 516 move towards the position of the air outlet hole 517 and block the air outlet hole 517. At the same time, the spherical block in the convex part of the cam moves towards the cam axis, making the stop block 516 move away from the position of the air outlet hole 517. At this time, the air flow enters the outlet chamber 5122 from the air outlet hole 517 where the stop block 516 has moved away and then flows out. Vice versa, the periodic opening and closing of the stop block 516 divides the continuous air flow into discrete pulses. The staggered opening and closing of different air outlet holes 517 increases the phase difference of the sound waves, and the high-frequency noise is attenuated due to interference cancellation.

[0023] The driving assembly 52 includes: A disc 521, the disc 521 is fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating shaft 513, a push rod 522 is slidably connected along the radial direction of the air flow pipe 511, one end of the push rod 522 is fixedly connected to a sliding groove 523, a convex block is fixedly connected to the disc 521, the convex block is slidably connected in the sliding groove 523, a second spring 524 is sleeved on the push rod 522, the other end of the push rod 522 abuts against a second cam 525, and the second cam 525 is fixedly connected to the turbine of the turbocharger 1.

[0024] When the turbine of the turbocharger 1 rotates, it drives the second cam 525 to rotate, and further makes the push rod 522 reciprocate under the action of the second spring 524. Through the cooperation of the sliding groove 523 and the convex block, the disc 521 reciprocally rotates, and the reciprocal rotation of the disc 521 drives the first cam 514 to reciprocally rotate.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and defined, it should be noted that the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the communication inside two elements. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turbocharger muffler exhaust structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a turbocharger (1), wherein the exhaust gas outlet of the turbocharger (1) is provided with a first-stage silencer assembly (2), the first-stage silencer assembly (2) is connected to a second-stage silencer assembly (4) via a U-shaped pipe (3), and the second-stage silencer assembly (4) is connected to a third-stage silencer mechanism (5); wherein The three-stage silencing mechanism (5) comprises: An airflow path changing component (51), wherein the airflow path changing component (51) is connected to a driving component (52).

2. The silencing exhaust structure of a turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-level silencer component (2) comprises: A first-stage expansion chamber (21), wherein the left end of the first-stage expansion chamber (21) is tapered, and the end with a smaller inner diameter of the tapered portion is fixedly connected to the exhaust gas outlet. The right end of the first-stage expansion chamber (21) is in the shape of a straight cylinder. Three turntables (22) are rotatably connected in the first-stage expansion chamber (21). The three turntables (22) are respectively provided with fan-shaped airflow channels (221). The fan-shaped airflow channels (221) on the three turntables (22) are of different sizes. Two connecting frames (23) are fixedly connected in the first-stage expansion chamber (21). The two connecting frames (23) are arranged between the turntables (22). A planetary gear (24) is connected to the connecting frame (23). The sun gear of the planetary gear (24) is fixedly connected to the turntable (22) on the left side of the planetary gear (24), and the planetary gear of the planetary gear (24) is fixedly connected to the turntable (22) on the right side of the planetary gear (24).

3. The silencing exhaust structure of a turbocharger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary silencer assembly (4) comprises: A secondary expansion chamber (41), wherein the end of the secondary expansion chamber (41) with a smaller inner diameter is fixedly connected to the U-shaped tube (3), a flange (42) is fixedly connected to the connection between the secondary expansion chamber (41) and the U-shaped tube (3), the middle of the flange (42) is conical in design, a plurality of connection holes (421) are annularly opened at the edge of the flange (42), a flow guide tube (43) is fixedly connected inside the connection hole (421), and a spiral channel (44) is provided inside the flow guide tube (43).

4. The silencing exhaust structure of a turbocharger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The airflow path changing component (51) comprises: An airflow tube (511), one end of the airflow tube (511) is fixedly connected to an end of the secondary expansion chamber (41) with a larger inner diameter, the other end of the airflow tube (511) is connected to a connecting plate (512), two sides of the connecting plate (512) are respectively provided with an air inlet cavity (5121) and an air outlet cavity (5122), the side where the air inlet cavity (5121) is located is fixedly connected to the other end of the airflow tube (511), the side where the air outlet cavity (5122) is located is fixedly connected to one end of the airflow tube (511), and the connecting plate (512) is axially rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (51 3), one end of the rotating shaft (513) is rotatably connected to a cam 1 (514), the cam 1 (514) is arranged in the air inlet chamber (5121), a plurality of push rods (515) are annularly slidably arranged at a radial position of the connecting plate (512), a ball block is fixedly connected to one end of the push rod (515), a stopper (516) is fixedly connected to the push rod (515), a plurality of air outlet holes (517) are radially opened at a position where the air inlet chamber (5121) and the air outlet chamber (5122) are connected, and a spring 1 (518) is also sleeved on the push rod (515).

5. The silencing exhaust structure of a turbocharger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving component (52) comprises: A disc (521) is fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating shaft (513), and is slidably connected to a push rod (522) radially along the airflow tube (511). One end of the push rod (522) is fixedly connected to a slide groove (523). A protrusion is fixedly connected to the disc (521), and the protrusion is slidably connected in the slide groove (523). A second spring (524) is sleeved on the push rod (522), and the other end of the push rod (522) abuts against a second cam (525), and the second cam (525) is fixedly connected to a turbine of the turbocharger (1).

Images