Heating and air-conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy sources and operation control method of heating and air-conditioning integrated system

Abstract

The invention discloses a heating and air conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy sources and an operation control method of the heating and air conditioning integrated system. The system comprises a wind energy and light energy power generation system, a charging controller, a battery pack, a power supply controller, an air compressor, an air storage tank, an air diffuser, a vortex tube, an electric valve, a solar water heater, a sensor and an air filter. The wind energy and light energy power generation system generates electric energy to drive the air compressor to supply power to generate high-pressure air, and the high-pressure air enters the vortex tube to generate cold airflow and hot airflow. Wherein the hot air flow can be used for heating a room or providing heat for a solar water heater. The cold air flow can provide cooling capacity for room air conditioner refrigeration or air compressor heat dissipation. According to the system and the method, the problems of building heating and air conditioning are solved by fully utilizing wind energy and solar energy based on the characteristics of compressed air energy storage, and meanwhile, high-precision regulation and control of heating and cooling can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of heating, ventilation and air conditioning, and particularly to an integrated heating and air conditioning system driven by renewable energy and an operation control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the global economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the proportion of building energy consumption in the total energy consumption is increasing day by day. As the main component of building energy consumption, the traditional energy supply methods of heating and air conditioning systems mostly rely on non-renewable energy sources such as coal, natural gas and oil. However, the reserves of non-renewable energy are limited, and overuse will bring a series of serious environmental problems, such as global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution affecting ecological balance and human health, etc. Against the background of such energy and environmental crises, the development and utilization of renewable energy have become the key way to solve the energy consumption problems of building heating and air conditioning. Solar energy, as one of the most common and resource-rich renewable energy sources, has the advantages of wide distribution, pollution-free and inexhaustible. Solar energy collectors can convert solar energy into heat energy to provide heat for the heating system. In addition, wind energy and solar energy can also be used to generate electricity and store electrical energy at the same time, and the generated electrical energy can just provide power for the system equipment, reducing additional energy consumption. The integrated heating and air conditioning system driven by renewable energy is an important technical development direction to cope with the challenges of energy shortage and environmental pollution and realize the sustainable supply of building energy, and it is driven by a profound energy and environmental background and the coordinated development of multi-faceted technical supports.

[0003] Due to the dilemmas of high energy consumption and environmental impact faced by traditional air conditioning systems, and the limitations of various existing refrigeration technologies to varying degrees, there is an urgent need for a low-carbon and low-energy-consuming air conditioning system. The integrated heating and air conditioning system driven by renewable energy is perfectly suitable for this situation. This system combines multiple renewable energy sources, aims to improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce the impact on the environment, so as to provide users with a comfortable indoor environment, fill the deficiencies of the existing technologies and meet the actual application requirements. At the same time, the present invention can accurately control the required indoor environment parameters to ensure the indoor temperature and humidity requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical Problem

[0005] In order to solve the problems of high energy consumption, low energy utilization efficiency and environmental pollution faced by traditional air conditioning systems, the present invention provides an integrated heating and air conditioning system driven by renewable energy and an operation control method thereof, which effectively utilizes solar energy and wind energy and cooperates with the environmentally friendly vortex tube refrigeration technology to replace the traditional air conditioning system. This system not only saves power consumption, but also reduces air conditioning energy consumption, meeting the needs of the era of sustainable development strategy.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A heating and air-conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy, characterized in that it includes a wind and solar power generation system, a charging controller, a battery pack, a power supply controller, an air compressor, a gas storage tank, a diffuser, a vortex tube, a solar water heater, an air filter, a plurality of sensors and an electric valve;

[0009] The power supply end of the wind and solar power generation system is connected to the input end of the charging controller through a wire; the input end of the battery pack is connected to the output end of the charging controller through a wire; the input end of the power supply controller is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery pack through a wire, and the output end of the power supply controller is connected to the air compressor through a wire; the air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the gas storage tank through a pneumatic tube, and a first sensor is provided at the upper end of the gas storage tank; the air inlet of the vortex tube is connected to the air outlet of the gas storage tank through a pneumatic tube, and an electric valve one and a second sensor are provided on the pipeline between the two. The vortex tube divides the incoming compressed air into cold and hot streams. The high-temperature gas outlet of the vortex tube is connected to the solar water heater through pipeline one where the fourth sensor and the fifth electric valve are located. The high-temperature gas outlet of the vortex tube is also connected to the indoor room air inlet through pipeline two where the eighth sensor, the fourth electric valve and the sixth sensor are located. At the same time, the indoor room return air outlet is connected to the gas storage tank through pipeline three where the seventh sensor, the air filter and the sixth electric valve are located. Among them, the sensor and the fifth electric valve are connected in series in pipeline one, and pipeline one and pipeline two are in a parallel relationship; the low-temperature gas outlet of the vortex tube is connected to the room through pipeline four where the third sensor and the third electric valve are located, and at the same time is connected to the diffuser through pipeline five where the second electric valve is located. Among them, the third sensor and the third electric valve are connected in series in pipeline four, and pipeline four and pipeline five are in a parallel relationship.

[0010] In order to reduce power consumption and carbon emissions, the wind and solar power generation system includes a wind power generator and a photovoltaic panel, which together form a wind power generation system and a photovoltaic power generation system to charge the battery pack.

[0011] In order to provide a stable power supply for the air compressor, the battery pack is composed of multiple groups of batteries connected in parallel or in series, which can provide a stable voltage while storing the electric energy generated by the wind and solar power generation system.

[0012] In order to ensure the safety and service life of the battery, in the heating and air-conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy, the charging controller and the discharging controller can automatically adjust the charging current and the discharging current.

[0013] The described integrated heating and air - conditioning system driven by renewable energy is characterized in that the low - temperature air flow and high - temperature air flow generated by the vortex tube can precisely adjust the flow rate of the required high - temperature or low - temperature air flow through the second electric valve, the third electric valve, the fourth electric valve, and the fifth electric valve to meet the load requirements in different time periods.

[0014] To make up for the low hot - water temperature caused by rainy weather, one end of the solar water heater is connected to the high - temperature air flow generated by the vortex tube, which can further exchange heat with the hot water in the solar water heater to provide the required domestic hot water for the room. At the same time, a fifth sensor is provided on the solar water heater, and a check valve is provided at the air inlet of the water tank of the solar water heater to prevent the water in the tank from flowing back, and an exhaust port is provided at the top of the tank to prevent the gas pressure in the tank from being too high.

[0015] To monitor the temperature, humidity, and pressure conditions of the entire system, the first sensor, the second sensor, the third sensor, the fourth sensor, the fifth sensor, the sixth sensor, the seventh sensor, and the eighth sensor all include the detection functions of temperature, humidity, gas flow, and pressure parameters.

[0016] The operation control method of the described integrated heating and air - conditioning system driven by renewable energy is characterized in that: the method includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: When the available wind energy and light energy are sufficient, that is, when the power generation reaches the rated charging power P of any one of the batteries in the battery pack 额 = 250 - 400 watts, judge the power generation power expressions of wind energy and light energy as follows: P 光 +P 风 ≥P 额 (EQ3)

[0018] In formulas (EQ1)-(EQ3), P 风 is the actual wind - energy power generation, with the unit of watt; P 光 is the actual light - energy power generation, with the unit of watt; P 额 is the rated charging power of the battery pack, with the unit of watt; ρ is the air density, with the unit of kg / m³; v is the air wind speed, with the unit of m / s; A is the wind - wheel swept area, with the unit of m²; C P is the wind - energy utilization coefficient, taking values from 0 to 0.593; P SC is the rated power of the battery panel under standard test conditions; η S is the comprehensive efficiency of the photovoltaic system, taking values from 0.7 to 0.85; G is the local actual light intensity, with the unit of W / m²; G SC is the light intensity under standard test conditions, which is 1000 W / m²;

[0019] The wind-solar power generation system charges the battery pack. When charging, if one of the battery groups reaches the saturated charging state, it can automatically switch to another battery group that has not reached the saturated charging state. The charging controller can control the charging current and voltage to prevent low battery charging efficiency or overcharging of the battery. The photovoltaic power generation system is controlled by the maximum power point tracking, and the output power is always at the maximum. At the same time, the power supply controller can control the supply current and voltage to provide a stable power supply for the air compressor;

[0020] Step 2: Use the stored electrical energy to drive the air compressor to compress air and store it in the air storage tank. When the pressure in the air storage tank reaches the minimum working pressure P min start the air compressor to work. When the pressure in the air storage tank reaches the maximum allowable working pressure P max the air compressor stops working. The judgment of the start and stop of the air compressor can be expressed by the following formula: P min <P in <P max (EQ4)

[0021] In formula (EQ4), P min is the minimum working pressure of the vortex tube, with the unit of Pascal. Its value can be obtained by solving the simultaneous equations of (EQ7)-(EQ16) under the conditions of the known gas density ρ, the gas flow rates V C1 and V C2 at the cold and hot ends of the vortex tube, the specific heat at constant pressure C P of the gas, the cooling and heating loads Q L1 and Q L2 of the room, the cold-end temperature difference ΔT c and the hot-end temperature difference ΔT h the gas temperature T 1 at the inlet of the room, the gas temperature T 2 at the return air outlet of the room, and the outlet pressure value P out of the vortex tube. The specific solution process includes: substituting the known gas temperature T 1 at the inlet of the room, the gas temperature T 2 at the return air outlet of the room, the cooling and heating loads Q L1 and Q L2 of the room, the gas flow rates V C1 and V C2 at the cold and hot ends of the vortex tube into equation (EQ14) or (EQ15) to solve for the cold-end temperature difference ΔT c or the hot-end temperature difference ΔT h ; then, substitute the cold-end temperature difference ΔT c or the hot-end temperature difference ΔT h into equations (EQ7)-(EQ9) to solve for Pmin The cooling and heating load Q of the known room L1 and Q L2 and the gas temperature T at the inlet of the room 1 and the gas temperature T at the return air outlet of the room 2 are determined by the designer according to actual requirements. The gas flow rates V C1 and V C2 at the cold and hot ends of the vortex tube, the cold-end temperature difference ΔT c or the hot-end temperature difference ΔT h are determined by on-site measurement during the experiment. P in is the pressure at the inlet of the vortex tube, and its value is also equal to the pressure value in the gas storage tank, with the unit of Pascal; P max is the maximum pressure value that the gas storage tank can withstand, with the unit of Pascal;

[0022] The gas storage tank provides air flow by adjusting the first electric valve to drive the vortex tube to generate high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas with different temperatures. The temperature difference between its two ends can be expressed by the following formula: ΔT c = T i - T c (EQ5) ΔT h = T h - T i (EQ6) ΔT c = η 1 ΔT is (EQ7) ΔT h = η 2 ΔT is (EQ8)

[0023] In formulas (EQ5)-(EQ9), ΔT c is the cold-end temperature difference, with the unit of Kelvin; ΔT h is the hot-end temperature difference, with the unit of Kelvin; T i is the inlet gas temperature, with the unit of Kelvin; T c and T h are the cold-end gas temperature and the hot-end gas temperature respectively, with the unit of Kelvin; η 1 and η 2 are the isentropic efficiencies; ΔT is is the temperature change in the isentropic process, with the unit of Kelvin; P out is the outlet pressure of the vortex tube, with the unit of Pascal; P in is the inlet pressure of the vortex tube, with the unit of Pascal; γ is the specific heat ratio, and its value is 1.4;

[0024] The temperatures of the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature gas are used to release gas flows at different pressures into the vortex tube by monitoring the pressure in the gas storage tank, thereby generating high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas at different temperatures. Finally, the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature gas converge in the end pipeline to meet the comfort and heating / cooling requirements of the people in the room. When the heating and cooling loads in the room are met, the minimum cooling capacity and heating capacity generated by the vortex tube can be estimated using the following formula: Q 冷 =V C ×ρ×C P ×(T 2 -T 1 )=Q L1 (EQ10) Q 热 =Q C ×ρ×C P ×(T 1 -T 2 )=Q L2 (EQ11) Q 冷 =Q 1 -Q 2 (EQ12) Q 热 =Q 2 -Q 1 (EQ13) Q 1 =V C1 ×ρ×C P ×ΔT c (EQ14) Q 2 =V C2 ×ρ×C P ×ΔT h (EQ15) V C =V C1 +V C2 (EQ16)

[0025] In formulas (EQ10)-(EQ16), Q 冷 is the minimum cooling capacity, in watts; Q 热 is the minimum heating capacity, in watts; V C 、V C1 and V C2 are the gas flow rate into the room, the low-temperature gas flow rate generated by the vortex tube, and the high-temperature gas flow rate generated by the vortex tube, respectively. Their flow rates can be controlled by electric valves, in cubic meters per second; Q 1 is the cooling capacity generated at the low-temperature gas outlet of the vortex tube, in watts; Q 2is the heat output generated at the high-temperature gas outlet, with the unit of watt; ρ is the density of the gas, with the unit of kg / m³; C P is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the gas, with the unit of J / (kg×K); T 1 is the gas temperature at the room inlet, with the unit of °C. In the summer operating condition, the value ranges from 16 to 18 °C, and in the winter operating condition, the value ranges from 28 to 30 °C; T 2 is the gas temperature at the room return air outlet, with the unit of °C. In the summer operating condition, the value ranges from 24 to 26 °C, and in the winter operating condition, the value ranges from 22 to 24 °C; Q L1 and Q L2 are the cooling and heating loads of the room respectively. The cooling load includes the cooling load of the building envelope heat transfer, the heat dissipation of the human body, the cooling load of moisture dissipation, the cooling load of lighting heat dissipation, the cooling load of equipment heat dissipation, the cooling load of fresh air, the cooling load of food heat dissipation, and the cooling load of water evaporation. The heating load includes the heating load of the building envelope heat transfer, the heating load of fresh air heating, and the heating load of water condensation, with the unit of watt for all;

[0026] Step 3: To precisely control the temperature of the room, the valve openings of the third and fourth electric valves are adjusted by monitoring the difference between the actual temperature and the set temperature in the room. When the difference between the actual temperature and the set temperature in the room is more than 5 °C, in the summer operating condition, the valve opening of the third electric valve is adjusted to increase to between 80% and 90%, and the valve opening of the fourth electric valve is adjusted to decrease to between 5% and 10%. Similarly, in the winter operating condition, the valve opening of the fourth electric valve is adjusted to increase to between 80% and 90%, and the valve opening of the third electric valve is adjusted to decrease to between 5% and 10% until the temperature in the room is consistent with the set temperature. The valve opening can be increased or decreased according to the different temperature differences at different times. At the same time, the hot water supply in the room can be adjusted by controlling the valve opening of the fifth electric valve to adjust the flow rate of the high-temperature air flow to further heat the water in the solar water heater to provide the corresponding hot water demand for the room;

[0027] Step 4: When the renewable energy-driven heating and air-conditioning integrated system works for a long time, the temperature of the air compressor continuously rises. The normal operating ambient temperature range of the air compressor is -15 - 50 °C. When it reaches the abnormal operating ambient temperature range, the valve opening of the second electric valve is controlled to adjust the flow rate of the low-temperature air flow flowing into the diffuser to play a cooling role, ensuring that the air compressor does not have an overheating situation during operation and guaranteeing the safety of the entire system.

[0028] The renewable energy-driven heating and air-conditioning integrated system and its control operation method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. It can effectively utilize two renewable energy sources, solar energy and wind energy, to supplement electric energy for the battery, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the battery and further saving materials and electric energy.

[0030] 2. Utilizing the characteristics of compressed air energy storage, it provides a continuous airflow for the vortex tube, thus providing stable high-temperature and low-temperature airflows, and avoiding the problem of insufficient energy supply caused by intermittent energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy.

[0031] 3. Based on the characteristics of the vortex tube that separates compressed air into cold and hot streams, the system makes full use of the hot-end airflow and also utilizes the generated cold-end airflow. Moreover, the vortex tube has the advantages of rapid refrigeration and heating, flexible temperature adjustment, high reliability and low cost. At the same time, it is an environmentally friendly refrigeration and heating method that only requires compressed air to drive.

[0032] 4. The integrated heating and air-conditioning system driven by renewable energy proposed by the present invention has high controllability through the precise control of the flow rates of high-temperature and low-temperature airflows by electric valves, can ensure the requirements of personnel for temperature and humidity, and at the same time, the whole system does not produce additional harmful substances and can achieve zero carbon emissions. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0035] The markings in the figure are as follows:

[0036] Wind and solar power generation system (1), charging controller (201), battery pack (3), power supply controller (202), air compressor (4), gas storage tank (5), diffuser (6), vortex tube (7), electric valve one (901), electric valve two (902), electric valve three (903), electric valve four (904), electric valve five (905), electric valve six (906), solar water heater (8), sensor one (101), sensor two (102), sensor three (103), sensor four (104), sensor five (105), sensor six (106), sensor seven (107), sensor eight (108), vortex tube air inlet (701), vortex tube high-temperature gas outlet (702), vortex tube low-temperature gas outlet (703), air filter (11). Detailed Embodiment

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a heating and air conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes a wind and solar power generation system (1), a charging controller (201), a battery pack (3), a power supply controller (202), an air compressor (4), an air storage tank (5), a diffuser (6), a vortex tube (7), an electric valve 1 (901), an electric valve 2 (902), an electric valve 3 (903), an electric valve 4 (904), an electric valve 5 (905), an electric valve 6 (906), a solar water heater (8), a sensor 1 (101), a sensor 2 (102), a sensor 3 (103), a sensor 4 (104), a sensor 5 (105), a sensor 6 (106), a sensor 7 (107), a sensor 8 (108), and an air filter (11).

[0040] The power supply end of the wind and solar power generation system (1) is connected to the input end of the charging controller (201) through a wire; the input end of the battery pack (3) is connected to the output end of the charging controller (201) through a wire; the input end of the power supply controller (202) is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack (3) through a wire, and the output end of the power supply controller (202) is connected to the air compressor (4) through a wire; the air outlet of the air compressor (4) is connected to the air storage tank (5) through a pneumatic tube, and a sensor 1 (101) is provided at the upper end of the air storage tank (5); the inlet of the vortex tube (701) is connected to the outlet of the air storage tank (5) through a pneumatic tube, and an electric valve 1 (901) and a sensor 2 (102) are provided on the pipeline between the two. The vortex tube (7) divides the incoming compressed air into cold and hot streams. The high-temperature gas outlet (702) of the vortex tube is connected to the solar water heater (8) through the pipeline 1 where the sensor 4 (104) and the electric valve 5 (905) are located. The high-temperature gas outlet (702) of the vortex tube is also connected to the indoor room inlet through the pipeline 2 where the sensor 8 (108), the electric valve 4 (904), and the sensor 6 (106) are located. At the same time, the indoor room return air outlet is connected to the air storage tank (5) through the pipeline 3 where the sensor 7 (107), the air filter (11), and the electric valve 6 (906) are located. Among them, the sensor 4 (104) and the electric valve 5 (905) are connected in series on the pipeline 1, and the pipeline 1 and the pipeline 2 are in a parallel relationship; the low-temperature gas outlet (703) of the vortex tube is connected to the room through the pipeline 4 where the sensor 3 (103) and the electric valve 3 (903) are located, and is also connected to the diffuser (6) through the pipeline 5 where the electric valve 2 (902) is located. Among them, the sensor 3 (103) and the electric valve 3 (903) are connected in series on the pipeline 4, and the pipeline 4 and the pipeline 5 are in a parallel relationship.

[0041] The described integrated heating and air conditioning system driven by renewable energy is characterized in that: the wind and solar power generation system (1) includes a wind power generator and a photovoltaic panel, jointly forming a wind power generation system and a photovoltaic power generation system to charge the battery pack (3).

[0042] The described integrated heating and air conditioning system driven by renewable energy is characterized in that: the battery pack (3) is composed of multiple groups of batteries connected in parallel or in series, which can not only store the electric energy generated by the wind and solar power generation system (1), but also provide a stable power supply for the air compressor (4).

[0043] The described integrated heating and air conditioning system driven by renewable energy is characterized in that: the charge controller (201) and the discharge controller (202) can automatically adjust the charging current and the discharging current to protect the battery and extend its service life.

[0044] The described integrated heating and air conditioning system driven by renewable energy is characterized in that: the low-temperature air flow and the high-temperature air flow generated by the vortex tube (7) can precisely adjust the flow rate of the required high-temperature or low-temperature air flow through the second electric valve (902), the third electric valve (903), the fourth electric valve (904), and the fifth electric valve (905) to meet the load requirements in different time periods.

[0045] The described integrated heating and air conditioning system driven by renewable energy is characterized in that: the solar water heater (8) is placed on the roof of the room and is provided with a fifth sensor (105). At the same time, one end is connected to the high-temperature air flow generated by the vortex tube (7). The water inlet of the water tank of the solar water heater (8) is provided with a check valve to prevent the water in the water tank from flowing back, and the top of the water tank is provided with an exhaust port to prevent the gas pressure in the water tank from being too high.

[0046] The described integrated heating and air conditioning system driven by renewable energy is characterized in that: the first sensor (101), the second sensor (102), the third sensor (103), the fourth sensor (104), the fifth sensor (105), the sixth sensor (106), the seventh sensor (107), and the eighth sensor (108) all include the detection functions of temperature, humidity, gas flow rate, and pressure parameters.

[0047] The operation control method of the described integrated heating and air conditioning system driven by renewable energy is characterized in that: the method includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: When the available wind energy and solar energy are sufficient, that is, when the power generation reaches the rated charging power P of any one of the batteries in the battery pack (3) 额 = 250 - 400 watts, judge the power generation power expressions of wind energy and solar energy as follows: P 光 +P 风 ≥P 额 (EQ3)

[0049] In formulas (EQ1)-(EQ3), P 风 is the actual wind power generation power, with the unit of watt; P 光 is the actual light power generation power, with the unit of watt; P 额 is the rated charging power of the battery pack, with the unit of watt; ρ is the air density, with the unit of kg / m³; v is the air wind speed, with the unit of m / s; A is the swept area of the wind turbine, with the unit of m²; C P is the wind energy utilization coefficient, taking values from 0 to 0.593; P SC is the rated power of the battery panel under standard test conditions; η S is the comprehensive efficiency of the photovoltaic system, taking values from 0.7 to 0.85; G is the local actual light intensity, with the unit of W / m²; G SC is the light intensity under standard test conditions, which is 1000 W / m²;

[0050] The wind and light power generation system (1) charges the battery pack (3). When one of the battery groups reaches the saturated charging state during charging, it can automatically switch to another battery group that has not reached the saturated charging state. The charging controller (201) can control the charging current and voltage to prevent low battery charging efficiency or overcharging of the battery. The photovoltaic power generation system is controlled by maximum power point tracking, and the output power is always at the maximum. At the same time, the power supply controller (202) can control the power supply current and voltage to provide a stable power supply for the air compressor (4);

[0051] Step 2: Use the stored electric energy to drive the air compressor (4) to compress air and store it in the air storage tank (5). When the pressure in the air storage tank (5) reaches the minimum working pressure P min , start the air compressor (4) to start working. When the pressure in the air storage tank (5) reaches the maximum allowable working pressure P max , the air compressor (4) stops working. The judgment of the start and stop of the air compressor (4) can be expressed by the following formula: P min <P in <P max (EQ4)

[0052] In formula (EQ4), P min is the minimum working pressure of the vortex tube, with the unit of Pascal. Its value can be determined based on the known density ρ of the gas, the gas flow rates V C1 and V C2 at the cold and hot ends of the vortex tube, the specific heat at constant pressure C P of the gas, and the cooling and heating load Q of the roomL1 and Q L2 , cold-end temperature difference ΔT c and hot-end temperature difference ΔT h , gas temperature T at the room inlet 1 , gas temperature T at the room return air outlet 2 , and the outlet pressure value P of the vortex tube (7) out is obtained by solving the simultaneous equations (EQ7)-(EQ16) under the conditions of. The specific solution process includes: substituting the known gas temperature T at the room inlet 1 , gas temperature T at the room return air outlet 2 , the heating and cooling load Q of the room L1 and Q L2 , the gas flow rates V at the hot and cold ends of the vortex tube C1 and V C2 into equation (EQ14) or (EQ15) to solve for the cold-end temperature difference ΔT c or the hot-end temperature difference ΔT h ; then, substituting the cold-end temperature difference ΔT c or the hot-end temperature difference ΔT h into equations (EQ7)-(EQ9) to solve for P min . The known heating and cooling load Q of the room L1 and Q L2 , gas temperature T at the room inlet 1 , gas temperature T at the room return air outlet 2 are determined by the designer according to actual requirements. The known gas flow rates V at the hot and cold ends of the vortex tube C1 and V C2 , cold-end temperature difference ΔT c or hot-end temperature difference ΔT h are determined by on-site measurement in the experiment. P in is the inlet pressure of the vortex tube and its value is also equal to the pressure value in the gas storage tank, with the unit of Pascal; P max is the maximum pressure value that the gas storage tank can withstand, with the unit of Pascal;

[0053] The gas storage tank (5) provides air flow to drive the vortex tube (7) to generate high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas with different temperatures by adjusting the first electric valve (901). The temperature difference between its two ends can be expressed by the following formula: ΔT c = T i - T c (EQ5) ΔT h = T h - T i (EQ6) ΔT c = η 1 ΔTis (EQ7) ΔT h = η 2 ΔT is (EQ8)

[0054] In formulas (EQ5)-(EQ9), ΔT c is the cold-end temperature difference, in Kelvin; ΔT h is the hot-end temperature difference, in Kelvin; T i is the inlet gas temperature, in Kelvin; T c and T h are the cold-end gas temperature and the hot-end gas temperature respectively, in Kelvin; η 1 and η 2 are the isentropic efficiencies; ΔT is is the temperature change in the isentropic process, in Kelvin; P out is the outlet pressure of the vortex tube, in Pascal; P in is the inlet pressure of the vortex tube, in Pascal; γ is the specific heat ratio, with a value of 1.4;

[0055] The temperatures of the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature gas are released by monitoring the pressure in the gas storage tank (5) to allow gas flows at different pressures to enter the vortex tube (7), thereby generating high-temperature and low-temperature gases at different temperatures. Finally, the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature gas converge in the end pipeline to meet the comfort and heating / cooling requirements of the people in the room. When the heating and cooling loads in the room are met, the minimum cooling capacity and heating capacity generated by the vortex tube can be estimated using the following formulas: Q 冷 = V C × ρ × C P × (T 2 - T 1 ) = Q L1 (EQ10) Q 热 = V C × ρ × C P × (T 1 - T 2 ) = Q L2 (EQ11) Q 冷 = Q 1 - Q 2 (EQ12) Q 热 = Q 2 - Q 1 (EQ13) Q 1 = V C1 × ρ × CP ×ΔT c (EQ14) Q 2 =V C2 ×ρ×C P ×ΔT h (EQ15) V C =V C1 +V C2 (EQ16)

[0056] In formulas (EQ10) - (EQ16), Q 冷 is the minimum refrigerating capacity, in watts; Q 热 is the minimum heating capacity, in watts; V C , V C1 and V C2 are respectively the gas flow rate entering the room, the low-temperature gas flow rate generated by the vortex tube (7), and the high-temperature gas flow rate generated by the vortex tube (7). Their flow rates can be controlled by electric valves, in cubic meters per second; Q 1 is the refrigerating capacity generated at the low-temperature gas outlet of the vortex tube, in watts; Q 2 is the heating capacity generated at the high-temperature gas outlet, in watts; ρ is the density of the gas, in kilograms per cubic meter; C P is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the gas, in joules per (kilogram × kelvin); T 1 is the gas temperature at the room inlet, in degrees Celsius. The value in summer working conditions is 16 - 18 degrees Celsius, and the value in winter working conditions is 28 - 30 degrees Celsius; T 2 is the gas temperature at the room return air outlet, in degrees Celsius. The value in summer working conditions is 24 - 26 degrees Celsius, and the value in winter working conditions is 22 - 24 degrees Celsius; Q L1 and Q L2 are respectively the cooling and heating loads of the room. The cooling load includes the cooling load of the building envelope heat transfer, human body heat dissipation, moisture dissipation cooling load, lighting heat dissipation cooling load, equipment heat dissipation cooling load, fresh air cooling load, food heat dissipation cooling load, and moisture evaporation cooling load. The heating load includes the heating load of the building envelope heat transfer, fresh air heating load, and moisture condensation heating load, all in watts;

[0057] Step 3: To precisely control the temperature of the room, the valve openings of the third electric valve (903) and the fourth electric valve (904) are adjusted by monitoring the difference between the actual temperature and the set temperature in the room. When the difference between the actual temperature and the set temperature in the room is more than 5 degrees Celsius, in the summer operating condition, the valve opening of the third electric valve (903) is adjusted to increase to between 80% and 90%, and the valve opening of the fourth electric valve (904) is adjusted to decrease to between 5% and 10%. Similarly, in the winter operating condition, the valve opening of the fourth electric valve (904) is adjusted to increase to between 80% and 90%, and the valve opening of the third electric valve (903) is adjusted to decrease to between 5% and 10% until the temperature in the room is consistent with the set temperature. The valve opening can be increased or decreased according to the temperature difference at different times. At the same time, the hot water supply in the room can be adjusted by controlling the valve opening of the fifth electric valve (905) to adjust the flow rate of the high-temperature gas to further heat the water in the solar water heater to meet the corresponding hot water demand of the room.

[0058] Step 4: When the renewable energy-driven heating and air-conditioning integrated system works for a long time, the temperature of the air compressor (4) continuously rises. The normal operating ambient temperature range of the air compressor (4) is -15 - 50 degrees Celsius. When it reaches the abnormal operating ambient temperature range, the valve opening of the second electric valve (902) is controlled to adjust the flow rate of the low-temperature air flowing into the diffuser (6) to play a cooling role, ensuring that the air compressor (4) does not overheat during operation and guaranteeing the safety of the entire system.

[0059] According to the heating and cooling load conditions of the indoor room, the electric valves of the pipelines where the hot and cold airflows generated at both ends of the vortex tube (7) are located are regulated, and the pressure and temperature at the inlet of the vortex tube (7) and the outlets of the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature gas are monitored in real time by the second sensor (102), the third sensor (103), and the fourth sensor (104). When the temperature difference between the hot and cold at the outlets is lower than the temperature difference value corresponding to the minimum cooling capacity and heating capacity provided by the heating and cooling load that the room needs to bear at this time, it indicates that the pressure in the gas storage tank (5) is insufficient. At this time, the current pressure value measured by the sensor (101) on the gas storage tank is fed back to the air compressor (4) to pressurize the gas storage tank (5). Then, the vortex tube generates gases with higher and lower temperatures to supply heat to the room and also transport the required high-temperature gas to the solar water heater. At the same time, the required low-temperature gas is transported to one end connected to the diffuser (6) and the room, ensuring the comfort of indoor personnel and meeting the active operation requirements of personnel.

[0060] When in the summer working condition, according to the indoor cooling load situation and the active operation requirements of personnel, the low-temperature gas flow rate formed by the high-pressure gas provided by the gas storage tank (5) to the vortex tube (7) can be adjusted by controlling the electric valve three (903) and monitoring sensor three (103) to provide the required cooling capacity for the indoor room. At this time, the electric valve four (904) in the pipeline where the high-temperature gas is located is in a closed or low-opening state. At the same time, in pipeline five, the low-temperature gas flow rate can be adjusted by controlling the electric valve two (902) to dissipate heat from the air compressor (4).

[0061] When in the winter working condition, according to the indoor heating load situation and the active operation requirements of personnel, the high-temperature gas flow rate formed by the high-pressure air provided by the gas storage tank (5) to the vortex tube (7) can be adjusted by controlling the electric valve four (904) and monitoring sensor four (104) to provide the required heat for the indoor room. At this time, the electric valve three (903) in the pipeline where the low-temperature gas is located is in a closed or low-opening state. At the same time, in pipeline one, the high-temperature gas flow rate required by the solar water heater (8) can be adjusted by controlling the electric valve five (905) to heat the hot water and provide the required hot water for the indoor room.

[0062] The integrated heating and air-conditioning system driven by renewable energy and its control and operation method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0063] 1. It can effectively utilize two renewable energy sources, solar energy and wind energy, to supplement electric energy for the battery, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the battery and further saving materials and electric energy.

[0064] 2. Utilizing the characteristics of compressed air energy storage, it provides a continuous airflow for the vortex tube, thereby providing stable high-temperature and low-temperature airflows, avoiding the problem of insufficient energy supply caused by intermittent energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy.

[0065] 3. Based on the characteristic of the vortex tube to split the compressed air into cold and hot streams, the system makes full use of the hot-end airflow and also the generated cold-end airflow. Moreover, the vortex tube has the advantages of rapid refrigeration and heating, flexible temperature adjustment, high reliability and low cost. At the same time, it is also an environmentally friendly refrigeration and heating method, which only requires compressed air to drive.

[0066] 4. For the integrated heating and air-conditioning system driven by renewable energy proposed by the present invention, through the precise control of the flow rates of the high-temperature and low-temperature airflows by the electric valves, it has high controllability, can ensure the requirements of personnel for temperature and humidity, and at the same time, the whole system does not produce additional harmful substances and can achieve zero carbon emissions.

[0067] Embodiment 1:

[0068] As Figure 1As shown, in places with relatively abundant solar energy resources and on sunny days during the day, the wind-solar power generation system (1) mainly charges the battery pack (3) with the electric energy generated by solar power generation. At this time, the photovoltaic system uses the maximum power point tracking technology to adjust the circuit working state in real time to reach the maximum power point to supply power to the air compressor (4);

[0069] For the summer working condition, according to the indoor cooling load situation and the active operation requirements of personnel, the low-temperature gas flow rate shunted from the high-pressure air provided by the gas storage tank (5) to the vortex tube (7) can be adjusted by controlling the electric valve three (903) to provide the required cooling capacity for the indoor room. At this time, the sensor one (101), sensor two (102) and sensor three (103) can monitor the pressure and temperature values at the inlet and the cold-end gas outlet of the vortex tube in real time, ensuring to provide the required cooling capacity for the room under a sufficient inlet pressure value, and the electric valve four (904) in the pipeline where the high-temperature gas is located is in a closed or low-opening state. At the same time, in the pipeline five, the electric valve two (902) is controlled to adjust the low-temperature gas flow rate to dissipate heat for the air compressor (4);

[0070] For the winter working condition, according to the indoor heating load situation and the active operation requirements of personnel, the high-temperature gas flow rate shunted from the high-pressure air provided by the gas storage tank (5) to the vortex tube (7) can be adjusted by controlling the electric valve four (904) to provide the required heat for the indoor room. At this time, the sensor one (101), sensor two (102) and sensor four (104) can monitor the pressure and temperature values at the inlet and the hot-end gas outlet of the vortex tube in real time, ensuring to provide the required heating capacity for the room under a sufficient inlet pressure value, and the electric valve three (903) in the pipeline where the low-temperature gas is located is in a closed or low-opening state. At the same time, in the pipeline one, the electric valve five (905) is controlled to adjust the high-temperature gas flow rate required by the solar water heater (8) to heat the hot water. At this time, solar heating plays a leading role and high-temperature gas heating plays an auxiliary role, and the two work together to heat and provide the required hot water for the indoor room.

[0071] Embodiment 2:

[0072] As Figure 1 shown, in places with relatively scarce solar energy resources and during rainy or cloudy days or at night, the wind-solar power generation system (1) mainly charges the battery pack (3) with the electric energy generated by wind power generation. At the same time, one end of the battery pack (3) supplies power to the air compressor (4);

[0073] For the summer condition, according to the indoor cooling load and the active operation requirements of the personnel, the low-temperature gas flow rate, which is formed by splitting the high-pressure air provided by the gas storage tank (5) to the vortex tube (7), can be adjusted by controlling the electric valve three (903) to provide the required cooling capacity for the indoor room. At this time, the first sensor (101), the second sensor (102) and the third sensor (103) can monitor the pressure and temperature values at the inlet and the cold-end gas outlet of the vortex tube in real time, ensuring that the required cooling capacity is provided for the room under a sufficient inlet pressure value. And the electric valve four (904) in the pipeline where the high-temperature gas is located is in a closed or low-opening state. At the same time, in the pipeline five, the electric valve two (902) is controlled to adjust the low-temperature gas flow rate to dissipate heat from the air compressor (4).

[0074] For the winter condition, according to the indoor heating load and the active operation requirements of the personnel, the high-temperature gas flow rate, which is formed by splitting the high-pressure air provided by the gas storage tank (5) to the vortex tube (7), can be adjusted by controlling the electric valve four (904) to provide the required heating capacity for the indoor room. At this time, the first sensor (101), the second sensor (102) and the fourth sensor (104) can monitor the pressure and temperature values at the inlet and the hot-end gas outlet of the vortex tube in real time, ensuring that the required heating capacity is provided for the room under a sufficient inlet pressure value. And the electric valve three (903) in the pipeline where the low-temperature gas is located is in a closed or low-opening state. At the same time, in the pipeline one, the electric valve five (905) is controlled to adjust the high-temperature gas flow rate required by the solar water heater (8) to heat the hot water. At this time, the high-temperature gas heating plays a leading role and the solar heating plays an auxiliary role, and the two together provide the required hot water for the indoor room.

[0075] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heating and air conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy, characterized in that: It comprises a wind and solar power generation system (1), a charging controller (201), a battery pack (3), a power supply controller (202), an air compressor (4), an air storage tank (5), a diffuser (6), a vortex tube (7), a solar water heater (8), an air filter (11), a plurality of sensors and a plurality of electric valves; The power supply end of the wind and solar power generation system (1) and the input end of the charging controller (201) are connected via a wire; the input end of the battery pack (3) is connected to the output end of the charging controller (201) via a wire; the input end of the power supply controller (202) is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack (3) via a wire, and the output end of the power supply controller (202) is connected to the air compressor (4) via a wire; the air outlet of the air compressor (4) is connected to the air storage tank (5) via a pneumatic tube, and a sensor 1 (101) is provided at the upper end of the air storage tank (5); the air inlet (701) of the vortex tube and the air outlet of the air storage tank (5) are connected via a pneumatic tube, and an electric valve 1 (901) and a sensor 2 (102) are provided on the pipelines of the two. The vortex tube (7) separates the incoming compressed air into cold and hot streams, and the high-temperature gas outlet (702) of the vortex tube is connected to the pipeline 1 where the sensor 4 (104) and the electric valve 5 (905) are located. The solar water heater (8) is connected, the high-temperature gas outlet (702) of the vortex tube is also connected to the air inlet of the indoor room through the pipeline 2 where the sensor 8 (108) and the electric valve 4 (904) and the sensor 6 (106) are located, and the return air outlet of the indoor room is connected to the gas storage tank (5) through the sensor 7 (107), the air filter (11) and the pipeline 3 where the electric valve 6 (906) is located, wherein the sensor 4 (104) and the electric valve 5 (905) are connected in series to the pipeline 1, and the pipeline 1 and the pipeline 2 are in a parallel relationship; the low-temperature gas outlet (703) of the vortex tube is connected to the room through the sensor 3 (103) and the pipeline 4 where the electric valve 3 (903) is located, and is connected to the diffuser (6) through the pipeline 5 where the electric valve 2 (902) is located, wherein the sensor 3 (103) and the electric valve 3 (903) are connected in series to the pipeline 4, and the pipeline 4 and the pipeline 5 are in a parallel relationship.

2. The heating and air conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind and solar power generation system (1) comprises a wind power generator and a photovoltaic power generation panel, which together form a wind power generation system and a photovoltaic power generation system for charging the battery group (3).

3. The heating and air conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack (3) is composed of a plurality of batteries connected in parallel or in series, and can store the electric energy generated by the wind and solar power generation system (1) and provide a stable power supply for the air compressor (4).

4. The heating and air conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging controller (201) and the discharging controller (202) can automatically adjust the charging current and the discharging current to protect the battery and extend its service life.

5. The heating and air conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature airflow and high-temperature airflow generated by the vortex tube (7) can be precisely adjusted to the required flow rate of the high-temperature or low-temperature airflow through the electric valve 2 (902), the electric valve 3 (903), the electric valve 4 (904), and the electric valve 5 (905) to control the temperature.

6. The heating and air conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar water heater (8) is placed on the roof of the room and is provided with a sensor five (105), and one end is connected to the high-temperature airflow generated by the vortex tube (7). The water tank air inlet of the solar water heater (8) is provided with a check valve, and the top of the water tank is provided with an exhaust port.

7. The heating and air conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor 1 (101), sensor 2 (102), sensor 3 (103), sensor 4 (104), sensor 5 (105), sensor 6 (106), sensor 7 (107), and sensor 8 (108) all have the function of detecting temperature, humidity, gas flow, and pressure parameters.

8. An operation control method of a heating and air conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: When the available wind energy and light energy are sufficient, that is, when the power generation reaches the rated charging power of any group of batteries in the battery group (3), the wind and light power generation system (1) charges the battery group (3). During charging, if one group of batteries reaches a saturated charging state, it can automatically switch to another group of batteries that has not reached a saturated charging state. The charging controller (201) can control the charging current and voltage to prevent low battery charging efficiency or battery overcharging. The photovoltaic power generation system is controlled by maximum power point tracking, and the output power is always at the maximum. At the same time, the power supply controller (202) can control the power supply current and voltage to provide a stable power supply for the air compressor (4); Step 2: Use the stored electrical energy to drive the air compressor (4) to compress the air and store it in the air storage tank (5). When the pressure in the air storage tank (5) reaches the minimum working pressure P min The air compressor (4) is started to work, and when the pressure in the air storage tank (5) reaches the maximum allowable working pressure P max When the air compressor (4) stops working; The gas storage tank (5) provides airflow to drive the vortex tube (7) to generate high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas of different temperatures by adjusting the electric valve 1 (901). The temperature difference between the two ends can be expressed by the following formula: ΔT c =T i -T c (E1) ΔT h =T h -T i (E2) ΔT c =η1ΔT is (E3) ΔT h =η2ΔT is (E4) In formulas (E1)-(E5), ΔT c is the cold-end temperature difference in Kelvin; ΔT h is the hot-end temperature difference in Kelvin; T i is the inlet gas temperature in Kelvin; T c and T h are the cold-end gas temperature and the hot-end gas temperature, respectively, in Kelvin; η1 and η2 are the isentropic efficiencies; ΔT is is the temperature change of the isentropic process in Kelvin; P out is the vortex tube outlet pressure in Pascals; P in is the vortex tube inlet pressure, in Pascals; γ is the heat capacity ratio, which is 1.4; The temperature of the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature gas is monitored by the pressure in the gas storage tank (5) to release airflows of different pressures into the vortex tube (7), thereby generating high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas of different temperatures. Finally, the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature gas are combined at the terminal pipeline to meet the comfort and heating and cooling requirements of the people in the room. When the heating and cooling loads in the room are met, the minimum cooling capacity and heating capacity generated by the vortex tube can be estimated by the following formula: Q 冷 =V C ×ρ×C P ×(T2-T1)=Q L1 (E6) Q 热 =V C ×ρ×C P ×(T1-T2)=Q L2 (E7) Q 冷 =Q1-Q2 (E8) Q 热 =Q2-Q1 (E9) Q1=V C1 ×ρ×C P ×ΔT c (E10) Q2=V C2 ×ρ×C P ×ΔT h (E11) V C =V C1 +V C2 (E12) In formulas (E6)-(E12), Q 冷 is the minimum cooling capacity in watts; Q 热 is the minimum heating capacity in watts; V C 、V C1 and V C2 are respectively the gas flow rate entering the room, the low-temperature gas flow rate generated by the vortex tube (7) and the high-temperature gas flow rate generated by the vortex tube (7), which can be controlled by an electric valve, in cubic meters per second; Q1 is the cooling capacity generated by the low-temperature gas outlet of the vortex tube, in watts; Q2 is the heating capacity generated by the high-temperature gas outlet, in watts; ρ is the density of the gas, in kilograms per cubic meter; C P is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of the gas, in joules / (kg × Kelvin); T1 is the gas temperature at the room inlet, in degrees Celsius, with a value of 16-18 degrees Celsius in summer and 28-30 degrees Celsius in winter; T2 is the gas temperature at the room return air outlet, in degrees Celsius, with a value of 24-26 degrees Celsius in summer and 22-24 degrees Celsius in winter; Q L1 and Q L2 They are the cooling and heating loads of the room. The cooling load includes the heat transfer load of the enclosure structure, the heat dissipation of the human body, the heat dissipation load of moisture, the heat dissipation load of lighting, the heat dissipation load of equipment, the heat load of fresh air, the heat dissipation load of food and the water evaporation load. The heat load includes the heat transfer load of the enclosure structure, the heat load of fresh air heating and the heat load of water condensation. The units are all in watts. Step 3: By monitoring the difference between the actual temperature in the room and the set temperature, the valve openings of the electric valve three (903) and the electric valve four (904) are adjusted. When the actual temperature in the room differs from the set temperature by more than 5 degrees Celsius, in summer conditions, the valve opening of the electric valve three (903) is adjusted to increase to between 80% and 90%, and the valve opening of the electric valve four (904) is reduced to between 5% and 10%. Similarly, in winter conditions, the valve opening of the electric valve four (904) is adjusted to increase to between 80% and 90%, and the valve opening of the electric valve three (903) is reduced to between 5% and 10%, until the temperature in the room is consistent with the set temperature. The valve opening can be increased or decreased according to the size of the temperature difference at different times; Step 4: When the heating and air conditioning integrated system driven by renewable energy is working for a long time, the temperature of the air compressor (4) continues to rise. The normal working environment temperature range of the air compressor (4) is -15-50 degrees Celsius. When the abnormal working environment temperature range is reached, the flow rate of the low-temperature airflow flowing into the diffuser (6) is adjusted by controlling the valve opening of the electric valve 2 (902) to play a cooling role, ensuring that the temperature of the air compressor (4) is not too high during operation, thereby ensuring the safety of the entire system.

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