Solar heat collection system and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy, and discloses a solar heat collection system and a control method. The system comprises a solar energy conversion unit, and a solar energy collection unit, a synthesis gas storage unit and a target reaction heat supply unit which are communicated with the solar energy conversion unit. The invention further discloses a solar heat collection control method which is implemented on the basis of the solar heat collection system and comprises the steps that S801, the illumination trend within one hour in the future is predicted according to the illumination intensity; s802, data of a first synthesis gas storage tank are collected, and the synthesis gas reserve in the first synthesis gas storage tank is calculated; and S803, selecting a corresponding illumination system according to the sunlight incident intensity and the storage capacity of the first synthesis gas storage tank. According to the invention, flexible energy supply under different illumination conditions can be realized, long-period stable operation of a target reaction is ensured, and the problem of volatility of an existing solar heat collection system during energy supply is solved, especially the problem that the energy supply capability of the system is reduced under the condition of insufficient illumination or no illumination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy, and particularly relates to a solar heat collection system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and renewable energy source, solar energy has been widely used in the field of energy supply in recent years. However, the volatility and intermittency of solar energy limit its application in stable energy supply, especially in industrial reactions that require continuous heat source supply. Existing solar heat collection systems usually have difficulty meeting the heat source requirements of long cycles and high stability. Especially under insufficient or no sunlight conditions, the energy supply capacity of the system significantly decreases.

[0003] Currently, some technologies have tried to alleviate the volatility problem of solar energy through energy storage systems (such as molten salt heat storage), but these systems often have problems such as low energy storage efficiency, high cost, and large floor area. In addition, there are still technical bottlenecks in the coordinated use of existing solar heat collection systems with other energy sources (such as fossil fuels), making it difficult to achieve efficient and flexible heat source supply.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system that can effectively utilize solar energy and work in coordination with other energy sources to solve the volatility problem of solar energy supply and ensure the long-term stable operation of the target reaction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a solar heat collection system and method. By designing a new type of solar heat collection system, combined with a syngas storage unit and a flow regulating valve, flexible energy supply under different sunlight conditions is realized, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the target reaction. Solve the volatility problem of the existing solar heat collection system during energy supply, especially under insufficient or no sunlight conditions, where the energy supply capacity of the system decreases.

[0006] To achieve the purpose of flexible energy supply of the above solar heat collection system under different sunlight conditions and ensure the long-term stable operation of the target reaction, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A solar heat collection system, the solar heat collection system includes: a solar energy conversion unit, a solar energy collection unit, a syngas storage unit, and a target reaction heat supply unit. The solar energy conversion unit, the solar energy collection unit, the syngas storage unit, and the target reaction heat supply unit are disconnected or connected to each other to ensure the stable supply of raw materials and heat for the target reaction heat supply unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the solar energy conversion unit is externally connected to a high-energy fuel input pipeline, and the high-energy fuel input pipeline is provided with a first flow regulator. A second flow regulating valve is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the solar energy conversion unit and the inlet of the syngas storage unit. A double pipeline is provided between the outlet of the syngas storage unit and the inlet of the target reaction heat supply unit, and a third flow regulating valve and a fifth flow regulating valve are respectively provided on the double pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the solar energy collection unit includes: a collector, the collector is provided with a sensor, and a heat exchanger communicated with the outlet end of the collector, and a high-temperature heat transfer working medium discharge pipe is provided between the inlet of the heat exchanger and the outlet of the collector.

[0010] Furthermore, the solar energy conversion unit includes: a fuel converter, the fuel converter is arranged at the outlet end of the heat exchanger, the inlet of the collector is communicated with the outlet end of the fuel converter through a low-temperature heat transfer working medium feed pipe, and the outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the fuel converter through a heat transfer working medium delivery pipe.

[0011] And a fuel heat exchanger and a syngas preheater communicated with the fuel converter, the fuel heat exchanger is arranged at the inlet end of the fuel converter and is communicated through a high-temperature fuel delivery pipe, the syngas preheater is arranged at the outlet end of the fuel converter, and a syngas delivery pipeline is connected to the outlet of the fuel converter; an externally connected low-temperature fuel delivery pipe is provided at the inlet of the fuel heat exchanger, and a first flow regulating valve is provided on the low-temperature fuel delivery pipe. A second syngas delivery pipeline is connected to the inlet of the syngas preheater, the syngas delivery pipe is communicated with the second syngas delivery pipeline, a third syngas delivery pipeline is connected to the outlet of the syngas preheater, and a fourth flow regulating valve is provided on the third syngas delivery pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the syngas storage unit includes:

[0013] A first syngas storage tank and a first syngas heat exchanger communicated with the first syngas storage tank, the inlet of the first syngas storage tank is communicated with the syngas delivery pipe through a fourth syngas delivery pipe, and a mass flowmeter and a second flow regulating valve are installed on the fourth syngas delivery pipe. A pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are also provided on the first syngas storage tank;

[0014] The inlet of the first syngas heat exchanger is communicated with the outlet of the first syngas storage tank through a fifth syngas delivery pipe, a third flow regulating valve is provided on the fifth syngas delivery pipe, and a sixth syngas delivery pipe is provided at the outlet end of the first syngas heat exchanger.

[0015] Furthermore, the syngas storage unit further includes:

[0016] The second syngas intermediate tank and the second syngas heat exchanger connected to the second syngas intermediate tank. The inlet of the second syngas intermediate tank is externally connected with a seventh syngas delivery pipe, and a fifth flow regulating valve is arranged on the seventh syngas delivery pipe. The inlet of the second syngas heat exchanger is communicated with the outlet of the second syngas intermediate tank through an eighth syngas delivery pipeline, and a ninth syngas delivery pipeline is arranged at the outlet end of the second syngas heat exchanger.

[0017] Further, the target reaction heat supply unit includes:

[0018] A target reactor, and a target raw material preheater and a target product heat exchanger connected to the target reactor. A total syngas delivery pipeline is arranged at the inlet end of the target reactor, and the total syngas delivery pipeline is communicated with the ninth syngas delivery pipe, the sixth syngas delivery pipe, and the third syngas delivery pipe. The product outlet of the target reactor is communicated with the inlet of the target product heat exchanger through a product delivery pipeline. The outlet of the target product heat exchanger is externally connected with a second product delivery pipe. The raw material inlet of the target reactor is connected to the outlet of the target raw material preheater through a second raw material delivery pipe. The inlet of the target raw material preheater is externally connected with a raw material delivery pipe, and a combustion waste delivery pipe is arranged at the waste gas discharge outlet of the target reactor.

[0019] A control method for a solar heat collection system, which is implemented based on the solar heat collection system and includes the following steps:

[0020] S801: According to the light intensity, the solar energy collection unit collects the incident sunlight intensity (unit: W / m 2 ) every 1 s, and uses moving average filtering to eliminate instantaneous fluctuations. Combining the light intensity with historical meteorological data, the light trend within the next 1 hour is predicted;

[0021] S802: Data is collected every 5 s according to the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and mass flowmeter installed on the first syngas storage tank, and the syngas storage volume in the first syngas storage tank after 15 min is calculated;

[0022] S803: Select a corresponding lighting system according to the incident sunlight intensity and the storage volume of the first syngas storage tank, specifically divided into:

[0023] Condition 1: m≥0, the incident sunlight intensity≥500 W / m 2 , which is the condition of sufficient light;

[0024] Condition 2: m≥0, 500 W / m 2 > the incident sunlight intensity≥100 W / m 2 , which is insufficient light-I, that is, the condition where there is still syngas in the first syngas storage tank;

[0025] Operating condition three: m < 0, 500 W / m 2 > Solar light incident illumination intensity ≥ 100 W / m 2 , which is insufficient illumination - II, that is, the first synthesis gas storage tank has no synthesis gas condition;

[0026] Operating condition four: m ≥ 0, solar light incident illumination intensity < 100 W / m 2 , which is no illumination - I, that is, the first synthesis gas storage tank still has synthesis gas condition;

[0027] Operating condition five: m < 0, solar light incident illumination intensity < 100 W / m 2 , no illumination - II, that is, the first synthesis gas storage tank has no synthesis gas condition;

[0028] According to different illumination conditions, the operating states of the solar heat collection system are different. Among them, the operating units of the solar heat collection system under operating condition one, operating condition two, and operating condition three include a solar collection unit, a solar conversion unit, a synthesis gas storage unit, and a target reaction heat supply unit;

[0029] The operating units of the solar heat collection system under operating condition four and operating condition five include a synthesis gas storage unit and a target reaction heat supply unit.

[0030] Operating condition one: The solar collection unit absorbs the heat in solar energy and transfers it to the solar conversion unit. The valve opening degrees are as follows: the first flow regulating valve is open, the second flow regulating valve is open, the third flow regulating valve is closed, the fourth flow regulating valve is open, and the fifth flow regulating valve is closed;

[0031] Operating condition two: The solar collection unit absorbs the heat in solar energy and transfers it to the solar conversion unit. The valve opening degrees are as follows: the first flow regulating valve is open, the second flow regulating valve is closed, the third flow regulating valve is open, the fourth flow regulating valve is open, and the fifth flow regulating valve is closed;

[0032] Operating condition three: The solar collection unit absorbs the heat in solar energy and transfers it to the solar conversion unit. The valve opening degrees are as follows: the first flow regulating valve is open, the second flow regulating valve is closed, the third flow regulating valve is closed, the fourth flow regulating valve is open, and the fifth flow regulating valve is open;

[0033] Operating condition four: There is no illumination. The solar collection unit cannot absorb the heat in solar energy and transfer it to the solar conversion unit. The synthesized gas stored in the solar energy directly goes to the target reaction heat storage unit to supply heat for the target reaction. The valve opening degrees are as follows: the first flow regulating valve is closed, the second flow regulating valve is closed, the third flow regulating valve is open, the fourth flow regulating valve is closed, and the fifth flow regulating valve is closed;

[0034] Operating condition five: Without sunlight, the solar energy collection unit cannot absorb the heat in solar energy and transfer it to the solar energy conversion unit. The external syngas directly goes to the target reaction heat storage unit to supply heat for the target reaction. The valve opening degrees are as follows: the first flow regulating valve is closed, the second flow regulating valve is closed, the third flow regulating valve is closed, the fourth flow regulating valve is closed, and the fifth flow regulating valve is open.

[0035] Further, in step S802, Kalman filtering is used to improve the measurement stability during data acquisition.

[0036] Further, in step S802: The calculation formula for the syngas storage in the first syngas storage tank after 15 minutes is: m = PVM / ZRT + 900(F 204 -F 304 ), where m is the syngas storage in the first syngas storage tank in terms of mass, P is the pressure of the first syngas storage tank in Pa, V is the volume of the first syngas storage tank in m 3 , M is the average molar mass of syngas, Z is the compression factor of the synthesizer, R is the gas constant, and the value is taken as 8.314 J·mol -1 ·K -1 , T is the temperature in the first syngas storage tank in K, F 204 is the inlet syngas flow rate of the first syngas storage tank in kg / s, and F 304 is the outlet syngas flow rate of the first syngas storage tank in kg / s.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a solar heat collection system and method, having the following

[0038] beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. Solving the problem of the volatility of new energy supply: Through the coordinated operation of the syngas storage unit and the flow regulating valves, it is ensured that the system can still supply energy stably under insufficient sunlight or no sunlight conditions, and the long-term stable operation of the target reaction is guaranteed.

[0040] 2. Improving the flexibility of the system: Through the design of multiple flow regulating valves, the automatic switching of the system under different sunlight conditions is realized, and the flexibility and adaptability of the system are improved.

[0041] 3. Reducing the operation cost: Through the design of the syngas storage unit, the dependence on external energy is reduced, and the operation cost of the system is lowered.

[0042] 4. Intelligent priority strategy: Based on the syngas storage and predicted demand, the energy distribution efficiency is optimized, and the dependence on external fuels is reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0043] Figure 1It is the unit framework diagram of the heating system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is the system schematic diagram of the heating system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 It is the system schematic diagram of the heating system according to the embodiment of the present invention under sufficient light conditions;

[0046] Figure 4 It is the system schematic diagram of the heating system according to the embodiment of the present invention under insufficient light condition - I;

[0047] Figure 5 It is the system schematic diagram of the heating system according to the embodiment of the present invention under insufficient light condition - II;

[0048] Figure 6 It is the system schematic diagram of the heating system according to the embodiment of the present invention under no - light condition - I;

[0049] Figure 7 It is the system schematic diagram of the heating system according to the embodiment of the present invention under no - light condition - II;

[0050] Figure 8 It is the control scheme diagram of the heating system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] In the figure: collector 1, heat exchanger 2, fuel converter 3, fuel heat exchanger 4, syngas pre - heater 5, first syngas storage tank 6, first syngas heat exchanger 7, second syngas intermediate tank 8, second syngas heat exchanger 9, target reactor 10, target raw material pre - heater 11, target product heat exchanger 12, first flow regulating valve 13, second flow regulating valve 14, third flow regulating valve 15, fourth flow regulating valve 16, fifth flow regulating valve 17, low - temperature heat - transfer fluid feed pipe 101, high - temperature heat - transfer fluid discharge pipe 102, heat - transfer fluid conveying pipe 103, sensor 104, low - temperature fuel conveying pipe 201, high - temperature fuel conveying pipe 202, syngas conveying pipeline 203, syngas fourth conveying pipe 204, syngas second conveying pipeline 205, syngas third conveying pipeline 206, syngas seventh conveying pipe 301, syngas eighth conveying pipeline 302, syngas ninth conveying pipeline 303, syngas fifth conveying pipe 304, syngas sixth conveying pipe 305, syngas total conveying pipeline 306, mass flowmeter 307, pressure sensor 308, temperature sensor 309, raw material conveying pipe 401, raw material second conveying pipe 402, product conveying pipeline 403 are connected, product second conveying pipe 404, combustion waste conveying pipe 405. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Taking methanol as the high-energy fuel and the preparation of hydrogen by natural gas reforming as the target reaction, a solar heat collection system for reaction heat source supply and its usage method of the present invention will be described.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 , a solar heat collection system includes: a solar energy conversion unit, and a solar energy collection unit, a syngas storage unit, and a target reaction heat supply unit that are connected to the solar energy conversion unit.

[0055] The solar energy conversion unit is externally connected to a high-energy fuel input pipeline, and a first flow regulating valve 13 is provided on the high-energy fuel input pipeline for regulating and controlling the flow rate of the high-energy fuel input into the solar energy conversion unit.

[0056] A second flow regulating valve 14 is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the solar energy conversion unit and the inlet of the syngas storage unit for regulating and controlling the flow rate of the syngas flowing into the syngas storage unit.

[0057] A double pipeline is provided between the outlet of the syngas storage unit and the inlet of the target reaction heat supply unit, and a third flow regulating valve 15 and a fifth flow regulating valve 17 are respectively provided on the double pipeline for regulating and controlling the flow rate of the syngas flowing into the target reaction heat supply unit.

[0058] The inlet of the target reaction heat supply unit is externally connected to a raw material delivery pipeline for delivering reaction raw materials to the target reaction heat supply unit, the outlet of the target reaction heat supply unit is externally connected to a reaction product delivery pipeline for externally delivering the target reaction product, and the outlet of the target reaction heat supply unit is externally connected to a combustion waste delivery pipeline for externally discharging combustion waste.

[0059] As a preferred implementation manner, the solar energy collection unit includes:

[0060] A collector 1, the collector 1 is provided with a sensor 104 for real-time monitoring of the incident intensity of sunlight to support the dynamic adjustment of the angle of the collector 1; and a heat exchanger 2 connected to the outlet end of the collector 1, and a high-temperature heat transfer working medium discharge pipe 102 is provided between the inlet of the heat exchanger 2 and the outlet of the collector 1.

[0061] As a preferred implementation manner, the solar energy conversion unit includes:

[0062] A fuel converter 3 is provided at the outlet end of the heat exchanger 2. The outlet of the collector 1 is connected to the outlet end of the fuel converter 3 through a low-temperature heat transfer working medium feed pipe 101, which is used to realize the recycling of the heat transfer working medium and go to the collector 1 to absorb heat. The outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the inlet of the fuel converter 3 through a heat transfer working medium delivery pipe 103.

[0063] And a fuel heat exchanger 4 and a syngas preheater 5 connected to the fuel converter 3. The fuel heat exchanger 4 is provided at the inlet end of the fuel converter 3 and is connected through a high-temperature fuel delivery pipe 202. The syngas preheater 5 is provided at the outlet end of the fuel converter 3. The outlet of the fuel converter 3 is connected to a syngas delivery pipeline 203. An external low-temperature fuel delivery pipe 201 is provided at the inlet of the fuel heat exchanger 4 for inputting high-energy fuel into the fuel heat exchanger 4, and a first flow regulating valve 13 is provided on the low-temperature fuel delivery pipe 201. The inlet of the syngas preheater 5 is connected to a second syngas delivery pipeline 205, and the syngas delivery pipe 203 is connected to the second syngas delivery pipeline 205 to realize the connection between the fuel converter 3 and the syngas preheater 5. The outlet of the syngas preheater 5 is connected to a third syngas delivery pipeline 206, and a fourth flow regulating valve 16 is provided on the third syngas delivery pipeline 206.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, the syngas storage unit includes:

[0065] A first syngas storage tank 6 and a first syngas heat exchanger 7 connected to the first syngas storage tank 6. The inlet of the first syngas storage tank 6 is connected to the syngas delivery pipe 203 through a fourth syngas delivery pipe 204. A mass flow meter 307 and a second flow regulating valve 14 are installed on the fourth syngas delivery pipe 204 for monitoring and regulating the inlet flow of syngas into the first syngas storage tank 6. A pressure sensor 308 and a temperature sensor 309 are also provided on the first syngas storage tank 6 for measuring the pressure and temperature of the first syngas storage tank 6.

[0066] The inlet of the first syngas heat exchanger 7 is connected to the outlet of the first syngas storage tank 6 through a fifth syngas delivery pipe 304. A third flow regulating valve 15 is provided on the fifth syngas delivery pipeline 304, and a sixth syngas delivery pipe 305 is provided at the outlet end of the first syngas heat exchanger 7.

[0067] The syngas storage unit further includes:

[0068] The second syngas intermediate tank 8 and the second syngas heat exchanger 9 connected to the second syngas intermediate tank 8. The inlet of the second syngas intermediate tank 8 is externally connected with a seventh syngas conveying pipe 301, and a fifth flow regulating valve 17 is arranged on the seventh syngas conveying pipe 301. The inlet of the second syngas heat exchanger 9 is connected to the outlet of the second syngas intermediate tank 8 through an eighth syngas conveying pipeline 302, and a ninth syngas conveying pipeline 303 is arranged at the outlet end of the second syngas heat exchanger 9.

[0069] As a preferred embodiment, the target reaction heat supply unit includes:

[0070] A target reactor 10, and a target raw material preheater 11 and a target product heat exchanger 12 connected to the target reactor 10. The inlet end of the target reactor 10 is provided with a total syngas conveying pipeline 306, and the total syngas conveying pipeline 306 is connected to the ninth syngas conveying pipe 303, the sixth syngas conveying pipe 305, and the third syngas conveying pipe 206 to aggregate syngas to provide heat for the target reaction. The product outlet of the target reactor 10 is connected to the inlet of the target product heat exchanger 12 through a product conveying pipeline 403, and the outlet of the target product heat exchanger 12 is externally connected with a second product conveying pipe 404 to collect reaction products; the raw material inlet of the target reactor 10 is connected to the outlet of the target raw material preheater 11 through a second raw material conveying pipe 402, and the inlet of the target raw material preheater 11 is externally connected with a raw material conveying pipe 401 to provide raw materials for the target reaction; further, a combustion waste conveying pipe 405 is arranged at the waste gas discharge outlet of the target reactor 10 to discharge the products after combustion.

[0071] A control method for a solar heat collection system, which is implemented based on the solar heat collection system and includes the following steps:

[0072] S801: According to the light intensity, the solar energy collection unit collects the incident sunlight intensity (unit: W / m 2 ) every 1 s, and uses a moving average filter to eliminate instantaneous fluctuations, and combines the light intensity with historical meteorological data to predict the light trend within the next 1 hour;

[0073] S802: Collect data every 5 s according to the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and mass flowmeter installed on the first syngas storage tank 6, and calculate the syngas storage in the first syngas storage tank 6 after 15 min;

[0074] Further, use the Kalman filter to improve the measurement stability during data collection;

[0075] Further, the calculation formula for the syngas storage in the first syngas storage tank 6 after 15 min is: m = PVM / ZRT + 900(F204 -F 304 )

[0076] where m is the mass-based syngas storage in the first syngas storage tank 6, P is the pressure of the first syngas storage tank 6 in Pa, V is the volume of the first syngas storage tank 6 in m 3 , M is the average molar mass of the syngas, Z is the compression factor of the synthesizer, R is the gas constant with a value of 8.314 J·mol -1 ·K -1 , T is the temperature in the first syngas storage tank 6 in K, F 204 is the inlet syngas flow rate of the first syngas storage tank 6 in kg / s, F 304 is the outlet syngas flow rate of the first syngas storage tank 6 in kg / s.

[0077] S803: Select the corresponding lighting system according to the sunlight incident intensity and the storage volume of the first syngas storage tank, specifically divided into:

[0078] Condition 1: m ≥ 0, sunlight incident illumination intensity ≥ 500 W / m 2 , which is the sufficient lighting condition;

[0079] Condition 2: m ≥ 0, 500 W / m 2 > sunlight incident illumination intensity ≥ 100 W / m 2 , which is insufficient lighting - I, that is, the first syngas storage tank still has syngas;

[0080] Condition 3: m < 0, 500 W / m 2 > sunlight incident illumination intensity ≥ 100 W / m 2 , which is insufficient lighting - II, that is, the first syngas storage tank has no syngas;

[0081] Condition 4: m ≥ 0, sunlight incident illumination intensity < 100 W / m 2 , which is no lighting - I, that is, the first syngas storage tank still has syngas;

[0082] Condition 5: m < 0, sunlight incident illumination intensity < 100 W / m 2 , no lighting - II, that is, the first syngas storage tank has no syngas;

[0083] According to different lighting conditions, the operating states of the solar collector system are different. Among them, the operating units of the solar collector system under Condition 1, Condition 2, and Condition 3 include a solar collection unit, a solar conversion unit, a syngas storage unit, and a target reaction heating unit;

[0084] The operating units of the solar collector system under Condition 4 and Condition 5 include a syngas storage unit and a target reaction heating unit.

[0085] Operating condition 1: The solar energy collection unit absorbs the heat in solar energy and transfers it to the solar energy conversion unit. For the corresponding system, please refer to the appendix Figure 3 , and the valve opening degrees are as follows: The first flow regulating valve 13 is open, the second flow regulating valve 14 is open, the third flow regulating valve 15 is closed, the fourth flow regulating valve 16 is open, and the fifth flow regulating valve 17 is closed;

[0086] Operating condition 2: The solar energy collection unit absorbs the heat in solar energy and transfers it to the solar energy conversion unit. For the corresponding system, please refer to the appendix Figure 4 , and the valve opening degrees are as follows: The first flow regulating valve 13 is open, the second flow regulating valve 14 is closed, the third flow regulating valve 15 is open, the fourth flow regulating valve 16 is open, and the fifth flow regulating valve 17 is closed;

[0087] Operating condition 3: The solar energy collection unit absorbs the heat in solar energy and transfers it to the solar energy conversion unit. For the corresponding system, please refer to the appendix Figure 5 , and the valve opening degrees are as follows: The first flow regulating valve 13 is open, the second flow regulating valve 14 is closed, the third flow regulating valve 15 is closed, the fourth flow regulating valve 16 is open, and the fifth flow regulating valve 17 is open;

[0088] Operating condition 4: There is no sunlight. The solar energy collection unit cannot absorb the heat in solar energy and transfer it to the solar energy conversion unit. The syngas stored in the solar energy storage directly goes to the target reaction heat storage unit to supply heat for the target reaction. For the corresponding system, please refer to the appendix Figure 6 , and the valve opening degrees are as follows: The first flow regulating valve 13 is closed, the second flow regulating valve 14 is closed, the third flow regulating valve 15 is open, the fourth flow regulating valve 16 is closed, and the fifth flow regulating valve 17 is closed;

[0089] Operating condition 5: There is no sunlight. The solar energy collection unit cannot absorb the heat in solar energy and transfer it to the solar energy conversion unit. The external syngas directly goes to the target reaction heat storage unit to supply heat for the target reaction. For the corresponding system, please refer to the appendix Figure 7 , and the valve opening degrees are as follows: The first flow regulating valve 13 is closed, the second flow regulating valve 14 is closed, the third flow regulating valve 15 is closed, the fourth flow regulating valve 16 is closed, and the fifth flow regulating valve 17 is open.

[0090] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising said element.

[0091] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar thermal collection system, characterized in that: The solar thermal collection system includes: a solar energy conversion unit, a solar energy collection unit, a synthesis gas storage unit and a target reaction heating unit. The solar energy conversion unit, the solar energy collection unit, the synthesis gas storage unit and the target reaction heating unit are disconnected or connected to each other to ensure a stable supply of raw materials and heat to the target reaction heating unit.

2. The solar thermal collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar energy conversion unit is externally connected to a high-energy fuel input pipeline, and the high-energy fuel input pipeline is provided with a first flow regulating valve (13). The pipeline between the outlet of the solar energy conversion unit and the inlet of the synthesis gas storage unit is provided with a second flow regulating valve (14). A double pipeline is provided between the outlet of the synthesis gas storage unit and the inlet of the target reaction heating unit, and a third flow regulating valve (15) and a fifth flow regulating valve (17) are respectively provided on the double pipelines.

3. The solar thermal collection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solar energy collection unit comprises: a heat collector (1), and a heat exchanger (2) connected to the outlet end of the heat collector (1), and a high-temperature heat transfer medium discharge pipe (102) is provided at the inlet of the heat exchanger (2) and the outlet of the heat collector (1).

4. The solar thermal collection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solar energy conversion unit comprises: A fuel converter (3), wherein the fuel converter (3) is arranged at the outlet end of the heat exchanger (2), the inlet of the heat collector (1) is connected to the outlet end of the fuel converter (3) via a low-temperature heat transfer medium feed pipe (101), and the outlet of the heat exchanger (2) is connected to the inlet of the fuel converter (3) via a heat transfer medium delivery pipe (103); And a fuel heat exchanger (4) and a synthesis gas preheater (5) connected to the fuel converter (3), wherein the fuel heat exchanger (4) is arranged at the inlet end of the fuel converter (3) and is connected via a high-temperature fuel delivery pipe (202); the synthesis gas preheater (5) is arranged at the outlet end of the fuel converter (3), and the outlet of the fuel converter (3) is connected to a synthesis gas delivery pipeline (203); the inlet of the fuel heat exchanger (4) is provided with an external low-temperature fuel delivery pipe (201), and the low-temperature fuel delivery pipe (201) is provided with a first flow regulating valve (13); the inlet of the synthesis gas preheater (5) is connected to a second synthesis gas delivery pipeline (205), and the synthesis gas delivery pipe (203) is connected to the second synthesis gas delivery pipeline (205); the outlet of the synthesis gas preheater (5) is connected to a third synthesis gas delivery pipeline (206), and the third synthesis gas delivery pipeline (206) is provided with a fourth flow regulating valve (16).

5. The solar thermal collection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The synthesis gas storage unit comprises: A first synthesis gas storage tank (6) and a first synthesis gas heat exchanger (7) connected to the first synthesis gas storage tank (6), wherein the inlet of the first synthesis gas storage tank (6) is connected to the synthesis gas delivery pipe (203) through a fourth synthesis gas delivery pipe (204), a mass flow meter (307) and a second flow regulating valve (14) are installed on the fourth synthesis gas delivery pipe (204), and the first synthesis gas storage tank (6) is also provided with a pressure sensor (308) and a temperature sensor (309); The inlet of the first synthesis gas heat exchanger (7) is connected to the outlet of the first synthesis gas storage tank (6) through the fifth synthesis gas delivery pipe (304), and a third flow regulating valve (15) is provided on the fifth synthesis gas delivery pipe (304). The outlet end of the first synthesis gas heat exchanger 7 is provided with a sixth synthesis gas delivery pipe (305).

6. The solar thermal collection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The synthesis gas storage unit further comprises: A second synthesis gas intermediate tank (8) and a second synthesis gas heat exchanger (9) connected to the second synthesis gas intermediate tank (8); the inlet of the second synthesis gas intermediate tank (8) is externally connected to a seventh synthesis gas delivery pipe (301); the seventh synthesis gas delivery pipe (301) is provided with a fifth flow regulating valve (17); the inlet of the second synthesis gas heat exchanger (9) is connected to the outlet of the second synthesis gas intermediate tank (8) via an eighth synthesis gas delivery pipeline (302); the outlet end of the second synthesis gas heat exchanger (9) is provided with a ninth synthesis gas delivery pipeline (303).

7. The solar thermal collection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The target reaction heating unit comprises: A target reactor (10), and a target raw material preheater (11) and a target product heat exchanger (12) connected to the target reactor (10); the inlet end of the target reactor (10) is provided with a synthesis gas main delivery pipeline (306); the synthesis gas main delivery pipeline (306) is connected with the ninth synthesis gas delivery pipe (303), the sixth synthesis gas delivery pipe (305), and the third synthesis gas delivery pipe (206); the product outlet of the target reactor (10) is connected with the inlet of the target product heat exchanger (12) through a product delivery pipeline (403); the outlet of the target product heat exchanger (12) is externally connected to a second product delivery pipe (404); the raw material inlet of the target reactor (10) is connected with the outlet of the target raw material preheater (11) through a second raw material delivery pipe (402); the inlet of the target raw material preheater (11) is externally connected to a raw material delivery pipe (401); and the waste gas outlet of the target reactor (10) is provided with a combustion waste delivery pipe (405).

8. A method for controlling a solar thermal collection system, the method being implemented based on the solar thermal collection system according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S801: According to the light intensity, the solar energy collection unit collects the incident light intensity of sunlight every 1 second, and uses a sliding average filter to eliminate instantaneous fluctuations, and combines the light intensity with historical meteorological data to predict the light trend within the next hour; S802: Calculate the synthesis gas storage volume m in the first synthesis gas storage tank (6) after 15 minutes according to data collected every 5 seconds by the pressure sensor, temperature sensor and mass flow meter installed on the first synthesis gas storage tank (6); S803: Selecting a corresponding lighting system according to the incident intensity of sunlight and the storage volume of the first synthesis gas storage tank (6), which is specifically divided into: Working condition 1: m ≥ 0, incident sunlight intensity ≥ 500W / m 2 , for the working condition with sufficient light; Working condition 2: m≥0, 500W / m 2 >Sunlight incident light intensity ≥100W / m 2 , is insufficient light-I, that is, the first synthesis gas storage tank still has synthesis gas working condition; Working condition 3: m<0, 500W / m 2 >Sunlight incident light intensity ≥100W / m 2 , which is insufficient light-II, i.e., the first syngas storage tank has no syngas working condition; Working condition 4: m ≥ 0, incident sunlight intensity < 100W / m 2 , which is no light-I, that is, the first synthesis gas storage tank still has synthesis gas working condition; Working condition 5: m<0, incident sunlight intensity<100W / m 2 , no illumination-II, i.e., no synthesis gas in the first synthesis gas storage tank; The solar thermal system operates in different states according to different light conditions. The solar thermal system operates under conditions one, two and three, and the operating units include a solar energy collection unit, a solar energy conversion unit, a synthesis gas storage unit and a target reaction heating unit. The operating units of the solar thermal collection system under operating conditions 4 and 5 include a synthesis gas storage unit and a target reaction heating unit. Working condition 1: the solar energy collection unit absorbs the heat in the solar energy and transfers it to the solar energy conversion unit, and the valve opening and closing conditions are: the first flow regulating valve (13) is opened, the second flow regulating valve (14) is opened, the third flow regulating valve (15) is closed, the fourth flow regulating valve (16) is opened, and the fifth flow regulating valve (17) is closed; Working condition 2: the solar energy collection unit absorbs the heat in the solar energy and transfers it to the solar energy conversion unit, and the valve opening and closing conditions are: the first flow regulating valve (13) is opened, the second flow regulating valve (14) is closed, the third flow regulating valve (15) is opened, the fourth flow regulating valve (16) is opened, and the fifth flow regulating valve (17) is closed; Working condition three: the solar energy collection unit absorbs the heat in the solar energy and transfers it to the solar energy conversion unit, and the valve opening and closing conditions are: the first flow regulating valve (13) is opened, the second flow regulating valve (14) is closed, the third flow regulating valve (15) is closed, the fourth flow regulating valve (16) is opened, and the fifth flow regulating valve (17) is opened; Working condition 4: without sunlight, the solar energy collection unit cannot absorb the heat in the solar energy and transfer it to the solar energy conversion unit, and the synthesis gas stored in the solar energy directly goes to the target reaction heat storage unit to supply heat to the target reaction. The valve opening and closing conditions are: the first flow regulating valve (13) is closed, the second flow regulating valve (14) is closed, the third flow regulating valve (15) is opened, the fourth flow regulating valve (16) is closed, and the fifth flow regulating valve (17) is closed; Working condition five: without light, the solar energy collection unit cannot absorb the heat in the solar energy and transfer it to the solar energy conversion unit, and the external synthesis gas directly goes to the target reaction heat storage unit to supply heat to the target reaction. The valve opening and closing conditions are as follows: the first flow regulating valve (13) is closed, the second flow regulating valve (14) is closed, the third flow regulating valve (15) is closed, the fourth flow regulating valve (16) is closed, and the fifth flow regulating valve (17) is opened.

9. The solar thermal collection system control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Kalman filtering is used in step S802 to improve measurement stability during data collection.

10. The solar thermal collection system control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S802, the calculation formula for the synthesis gas reserve in the first synthesis gas storage tank (6) after 15 minutes is: m = PVM / ZRT + 900 (F 204 -F 304 ) wherein m is the mass storage amount of the synthesis gas in the first synthesis gas storage tank (6), P is the pressure Pa of the first synthesis gas storage tank (6), and V is the volume m of the first synthesis gas storage tank (6) 3 , M is the average molar mass of the synthesis gas, Z is the compression factor of the synthesizer, and R is the gas constant, which is 8.314 J·mol -1 ·K -1 , T is the temperature in the first synthesis gas storage tank (6) K, F 204 The inlet synthesis gas flow rate of the first synthesis gas storage tank (6) is kg / s, F 304 is the outlet synthesis gas flow rate of the first synthesis gas storage tank (6) kg / s.

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