Circulator with stable structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a circulator with a stable structure, which comprises a shell, a circulator body and a refrigeration mechanism, and is characterized in that the circulator body sequentially comprises an upper permanent magnet, an upper magnetic sheet, an upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, an upper ferrite, a lower ferrite, a lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, a lower magnetic sheet and a lower permanent magnet from top to bottom; displacement compensation is carried out on the circulator magnetic units through the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, so that thermal expansion of the circulator magnetic units is regulated and controlled, volume changes between the circulator magnetic units can be effectively relieved, the relative positions and the relative volumes between the circulator magnetic units are kept, and the size of the circulator magnetic units is reduced. The working stability of the circulator is kept, the displacement compensation is determined based on the temperature of the cavity of the circulator, the dynamic adjustment is beneficial to keeping the stable electromagnetic performance of the circulator in a rapid temperature change environment, the anti-interference capability of the circulator is enhanced, and the circulator can keep a more stable working state when facing external temperature change.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circulators, and particularly to a circulator with a stable structure. Background Art

[0002] A circulator is a multi-port device with unidirectional transmission characteristics and is usually referred to as a non-reversible device. The core function of a circulator is to control the transmission of electromagnetic waves in a specific direction sequence. For example, in a three-port circulator, a signal input from port 1 can only be output from port 2, the signal at port 2 is transmitted to port 3, and the signal at port 3 returns to port 1, while the reverse is isolated. This characteristic makes it a key device for isolating reflected signals and protecting circuits.

[0003] The unidirectional transmission of a circulator depends on the gyromagnetic characteristics of ferrite materials. When ferrite materials are under the combined action of a high-frequency electromagnetic field and a constant DC magnetic field, the Faraday effect and ferromagnetic resonance will occur. The Faraday effect causes the polarization direction of electromagnetic waves to rotate, realizing the directional transmission of the path. Ferromagnetic resonance strongly absorbs the energy of the reverse-transmitted electromagnetic waves, making the signal flow only in the preset direction, while the reverse is suppressed or absorbed.

[0004] A large amount of heat is generated during the use of a circulator, which easily disrupts the field distribution of the circulator, resulting in energy leakage in the form of radiation, reducing the transmission efficiency and increasing the system noise, affecting the use effect of the circulator. Therefore, a refrigeration component needs to be used to maintain the temperature during the use of the circulator.

[0005] However, when the refrigeration component cools the circulator, the refrigeration component is prone to produce a local refrigeration effect, resulting in a temperature difference between the components of the circulator. The thermal expansion coefficients of the circulator components are significantly different. When the temperature fluctuates, the expansion / contraction amplitudes of each layer are different, generating internal stress. Long-term thermal cycling will exacerbate the interlayer gap, leading to the failure of the circulator.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the circulator in the prior art to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a circulator with a stable structure, aiming to solve the problem that the refrigeration component of the circulator in the prior art affects the stability of the circulator itself during the refrigeration process.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a circulator with a stable structure, comprising: a housing, a circulator body disposed on the housing, and a refrigeration mechanism fixedly disposed above the outer surface of the housing;

[0009] An annular circulator cavity is internally arranged on the outer shell, the circulator body is arranged in the annular circulator cavity, a plurality of wiring holes are arranged on the outer shell, and the refrigeration mechanism is used for dissipating heat from the circulator body;

[0010] The circulator body includes: a circulator bracket, and a circulator magnetic force unit fixedly arranged on the circulator bracket. The circulator magnetic force unit includes, from top to bottom in sequence: an upper permanent magnet, an upper magnetic sheet, an upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, an upper ferrite, a lower ferrite, a lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, a lower magnetic sheet and a lower permanent magnet. The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit are used for performing displacement compensation on the circulator magnetic force unit;

[0011] The circulator bracket is in contact with and fixedly connected to the inner surface of the outer shell, and a plurality of wiring ports are arranged on the circulator bracket. A plurality of the wiring ports and a plurality of the wiring holes correspond to each other one by one.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer shell includes: a cover plate, and a circulator bottom plate arranged below the cover plate. The cover plate and the circulator bottom plate are detachably connected, and the refrigeration mechanism is fixedly connected to the cover plate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the circulator bracket includes, from top to bottom in sequence: an upper bracket, a central bracket and a lower bracket. A plurality of fixing columns are arranged on the bottom surface of the upper bracket, and threads are arranged on the bottom surface of each fixing column. A plurality of limiting holes are arranged on the central bracket, and a plurality of the fixing columns and a plurality of the limiting holes correspond to each other one by one. A plurality of threaded holes are arranged on the lower bracket, and a plurality of the threaded holes and a plurality of the fixing columns correspond to each other one by one.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the wiring ports are arranged on the side surface of the central bracket, and the upper bracket, the central bracket and the lower bracket are respectively arranged horizontally.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively fixedly connected to the central bracket, and the upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively arranged above and below the central bracket.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal cross-sectional dimensions of the upper permanent magnet, the upper magnetic sheet, the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, the upper ferrite, the lower ferrite, the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, the lower magnetic sheet and the lower permanent magnet are the same.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit includes an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit includes a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet; a temperature sensor is disposed in the circulator cavity, and the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature in the circulator cavity, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit are respectively connected to the temperature sensor.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the displacement compensation of the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit is determined based on the temperature of the circulator cavity. The displacement compensation is positively correlated with the temperature rate of the circulator cavity, and the displacement compensation direction is vertically arranged.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, titanium nitride shielding layers are respectively disposed on the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the thickness of the titanium nitride shielding layer is 200 - 400 nm.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the refrigeration mechanism includes a refrigeration fan and a refrigeration motor disposed at the bottom of the refrigeration fan. The refrigeration motor is fixedly connected to the outer shell, and the rotation axis of the refrigeration motor is vertically arranged.

[0021] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background art, and the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The present invention provides a circulator with a stable structure, including an outer shell, a circulator body, and a refrigeration mechanism. The circulator body sequentially includes from top to bottom: an upper permanent magnet, an upper magnetic sheet, an upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, an upper ferrite, a lower ferrite, a lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, a lower magnetic sheet, and a lower permanent magnet. The displacement compensation of the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit for the circulator magnetic force unit enables the regulation of the thermal expansion of the circulator magnetic force unit. Compared with the circulator in the prior art, it can effectively alleviate the volume change between the circulator magnetic force units, maintain the relative position and relative volume between the circulator magnetic force units, and maintain the working stability of the circulator, and solve the problem that the refrigeration components on the circulator in the prior art affect the stability of the circulator itself during the refrigeration process.

[0023] (2) In the present application, the connection between the cover plate and the circulator bottom plate is detachable. The detachable connection method enables the circulator body to be easily disassembled when needed, facilitating maintenance, inspection, and replacement. Compared with the prior art, it helps to ensure that the circulator maintains the best working state for a long time and avoids affecting stability due to component aging or damage.

[0024] (3) In this application, the displacement compensation of the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit is determined based on the temperature of the circulator cavity. The displacement compensation is positively correlated with the temperature rate of the circulator cavity. The dynamic adjustment ability helps the circulator maintain stable electromagnetic performance in an environment with rapid temperature changes. Compared with the prior art, the anti-interference ability of the circulator is enhanced, enabling it to maintain a more stable working state in the face of external temperature changes.

[0025] (4) In this application, titanium nitride shielding layers are respectively provided on the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The thickness of the titanium nitride shielding layer is 200 - 400 nm. Setting the titanium nitride shielding layer on the piezoelectric ceramic sheet can effectively reduce the interference of external electromagnetic waves on the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. Compared with the prior art, maintaining the stability of the internal electromagnetic field helps the circulator maintain stable performance in a complex electromagnetic environment.

[0026] (5) The horizontal cross-sectional dimensions of the upper permanent magnet, the upper magnetic sheet, the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, the upper ferrite, the lower ferrite, the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, the lower magnetic sheet, and the lower permanent magnet are the same, and they can be more evenly distributed around the central support of the circulator, forming a more stable and uniform electromagnetic field. Compared with the prior art, this uniform electromagnetic field distribution helps reduce electromagnetic wave leakage and interference, improve the transmission efficiency and isolation of the circulator, and the consistent cross-sectional dimensions make the structure of the circulator more symmetric. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings;

[0028] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is an exploded three-dimensional diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is an exploded side view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: 100, housing; 200, circulator body; 210, circulator bracket; 211, upper bracket; 212, central bracket; 213, lower bracket; 220, circulator magnetic unit; 221, upper permanent magnet; 222, upper magnetic sheet; 223, upper piezoelectric ceramic unit; 224, upper ferrite; 225, lower ferrite; 226, lower piezoelectric ceramic unit; 227, lower magnetic sheet; 228, lower permanent magnet; 300, refrigeration mechanism. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood through specific situations.

[0036] In the existing circulator components, the difference in the temperature expansion coefficients between the magnetic sheet and the ferrite is too large. When the cooling effect is too strong or too weak, the temperature changes too quickly, and unequal volume expansion occurs between the magnetic sheet and the ferrite.

[0037] In the present invention, it is found that piezoelectric ceramic materials can control volume changes and perform displacement compensation by providing different voltages. By selecting appropriate types of piezoelectric ceramic materials, the volume changes of the piezoelectric ceramics can adapt to the unequal volume expansion between the sheet and the ferrite, enabling the components in the circulator to operate stably.

[0038] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a circulator with a stable structure includes: a housing 100, a circulator body 200 disposed on the housing 100, and a refrigeration mechanism 300 fixedly disposed above the outer surface of the housing 100;

[0039] An annular cavity is internally disposed in the housing 100. The circulator body 200 is disposed in the annular cavity. A plurality of wiring holes are provided on the housing 100. The refrigeration mechanism 300 is used to dissipate heat from the circulator body 200.

[0040] As Figure 3 shown, the circulator body 200 includes: a circulator bracket 210, and a circulator magnetic force unit 220 fixedly disposed on the circulator bracket 210. The circulator magnetic force unit 220 includes, from top to bottom: an upper permanent magnet 221, an upper magnetic sheet 222, an upper piezoelectric ceramic unit 223, an upper ferrite 224, a lower ferrite 225, a lower piezoelectric ceramic unit 226, a lower magnetic sheet 227, and a lower permanent magnet 228. The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit 223 and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit 226 are used to perform displacement compensation on the circulator magnetic force unit 220;

[0041] The circulator bracket 210 is in contact with and fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing 100. A plurality of wiring ports are provided on the circulator bracket 210. The plurality of wiring ports correspond to the plurality of wiring holes one by one.

[0042] A circulator with a stable structure includes a housing 100, a circulator body 200, and a refrigeration mechanism 300. The refrigeration body includes, from top to bottom: an upper permanent magnet 221, an upper magnetic sheet 222, an upper piezoelectric ceramic unit 223, an upper ferrite 224, a lower ferrite 225, a lower piezoelectric ceramic unit 226, a lower magnetic sheet 227, and a lower permanent magnet 228. The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit 223 and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit 226 perform displacement compensation on the circulator magnetic force unit 220, so as to relieve the vibration of the circulator magnetic force unit 220 and regulate the thermal expansion of the circulator magnetic force unit 220, which can effectively relieve the volume change and collision between the circulator magnetic force units 220, maintain the relative position and relative volume between the circulator magnetic force units 220, and maintain the working stability of the circulator. In the prior art, the problem that the refrigeration components on the circulator affect the stability of the circulator itself during the refrigeration process.

[0043] Furthermore, the housing 100 includes: a cover plate, and a circulator bottom plate provided below the cover plate. The cover plate and the circulator bottom plate are detachably connected, and the refrigeration mechanism 300 is fixedly connected to the cover plate. The detachable connection method enables the circulator body 200 to be easily detached when needed, facilitating maintenance, inspection, and replacement. This helps to ensure that the circulator maintains the best working state for a long time and avoids affecting stability due to component aging or damage. The refrigeration mechanism 300 is fixedly connected to the cover plate, which can ensure that the refrigeration effect directly acts on the circulator body 200, reduce heat loss during the transmission process, help to more effectively reduce the temperature of the circulator body 200, and reduce the risk of performance degradation or failure caused by overheating.

[0044] Furthermore, the circulator bracket 210 includes, from top to bottom: an upper bracket 211, a central bracket 212, and a lower bracket 213. A plurality of fixing columns are provided on the bottom surface of the upper bracket 211, and threads are provided on the bottom surface of each fixing column. A plurality of limiting holes are provided on the central bracket 212, and the plurality of fixing columns correspond to the plurality of limiting holes one by one. A plurality of threaded holes are provided on the lower bracket 213, and the plurality of threaded holes correspond to the plurality of fixing columns one by one.

[0045] The layered and fastened connection method significantly enhances the overall structural strength of the circulator bracket 210. The upper bracket 211, the central bracket 212, and the lower bracket 213 are tightly combined through the fixed columns connected by threads, forming a stable support structure that can effectively resist external vibrations and mechanical impacts, protecting the circulator magnetic unit 220 from damage. The one-to-one correspondence between the fixed columns and the limit holes ensures the precise positioning of the circulator magnetic unit 220 on the bracket. This design helps to maintain the relative positions and angles between the components of the circulator magnetic unit 220, thus ensuring the stable and reliable performance of the circulator and facilitating the operation during assembly and disassembly. The fixed columns connected by threads have a certain elasticity and can, to a certain extent, adapt to the thermal expansion of the circulator during operation due to temperature changes, helping to reduce the internal stress concentration and performance degradation caused by thermal expansion.

[0046] Furthermore, a number of wiring ports are provided on the side of the central bracket 212, and the upper bracket 211, the central bracket 212, and the lower bracket 213 are respectively arranged horizontally. The horizontally arranged bracket structure provides more space for heat dissipation. The wires are connected from the side and do not block the heat dissipation channels between the brackets, thus helping the refrigeration mechanism 300 to more effectively reduce the temperature of the circulator body 200. Good heat dissipation conditions help to reduce the performance degradation or failure risk caused by overheating, thereby improving the working stability of the circulator. The wiring ports are located on the side of the central bracket 212, making the installation and maintenance processes more convenient. Technicians can more easily access and check the wire connections without having to disassemble other parts of the circulator, helping to reduce the risk of errors and damage during the installation and maintenance processes, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the circulator.

[0047] Furthermore, the upper ferrite 224 and the lower ferrite 225 are respectively fixedly connected to the central bracket 212, and the upper ferrite 224 and the lower ferrite 225 are respectively arranged above and below the central bracket 212. The fixed connection between the upper ferrite 224 and the lower ferrite 225 and the central bracket 212 forms a stable support structure, helping to resist external vibrations and impacts and protecting the circulator magnetic unit 220 from damage. This design improves the overall structural strength of the circulator, thereby enhancing its working stability.

[0048] Ferrite is one of the key components of the circulator, responsible for guiding and controlling the transmission of electromagnetic waves. Placing the upper ferrite 224 and the lower ferrite 225 above and below the central support 212 respectively can ensure that they are in the optimal positions, thus optimizing the electromagnetic performance of the circulator. This layout helps to reduce the leakage and interference of electromagnetic waves, and improve the transmission efficiency and isolation of the circulator. The design of the central support 212 usually takes into account the heat dissipation requirements. The close contact between the upper ferrite 224 and the lower ferrite 225 and the central support 212 helps with the conduction and dissipation of heat, enabling the refrigeration mechanism 300 to more effectively reduce the temperature of the circulator body 200 and reduce the risk of performance degradation or failure caused by overheating.

[0049] Furthermore, the horizontal cross-sectional dimensions of the upper permanent magnet 221, the upper magnetic sheet 222, the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit 223, the upper ferrite 224, the lower ferrite 225, the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit 226, the lower magnetic sheet 227 and the lower permanent magnet 228 are the same. When the horizontal cross-sectional dimensions of these components are the same, they can be more evenly distributed around the central support 212 of the circulator, thus forming a more stable and uniform electromagnetic field. This uniform electromagnetic field distribution helps to reduce the leakage and interference of electromagnetic waves, and improve the transmission efficiency and isolation of the circulator. The consistent cross-sectional dimensions make the structure of the circulator more symmetric. This symmetry helps to reduce the performance fluctuations and deviations caused by structural asymmetry, thus improving the overall performance and stability of the circulator.

[0050] The consistency of the component dimensions simplifies the installation and debugging process. Technicians can more easily install these components in the correct positions and ensure their close contact and correct alignment. This helps to reduce installation errors and debugging time, and improve the reliability and production efficiency of the circulator. When the dimensions of these components are the same, their contact areas with the central support 212 and other components are more uniform. This uniform contact area helps with the conduction and dissipation of heat, thus improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the circulator. Good heat dissipation conditions help to reduce the risk of performance degradation or failure caused by overheating.

[0051] Furthermore, the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit 223 includes an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit 226 includes a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet; a temperature sensor is provided in the circulator cavity, and the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature in the circulator cavity. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit are respectively connected to the temperature sensor.

[0052] The temperature sensor can monitor the temperature changes in the circulator cavity in real time. Since the performance of piezoelectric ceramics changes with temperature, based on the data obtained by the temperature sensor, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit can timely adjust the working state of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet to compensate for the performance fluctuations caused by temperature changes. This dynamic adjustment mechanism helps to maintain the stable performance of the circulator in different temperature environments.

[0053] Precise temperature control and dynamic adjustment of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet help to reduce the risk of failures caused by factors such as overheating and mechanical stress. This design enhances the reliability of the circulator, extends its service life, and reduces the maintenance cost.

[0054] Furthermore, the displacement compensation of the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit 223 and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit 226 is determined based on the temperature of the circulator cavity. The displacement compensation is positively correlated with the temperature rate of the circulator cavity, and the displacement compensation direction is set vertically. By associating the displacement compensation with the temperature of the circulator cavity, the system can respond to temperature changes in real time and perform precise displacement adjustment on the piezoelectric ceramic unit. This real-time compensation mechanism helps to reduce the performance fluctuations caused by temperature changes and maintain the stable performance of the circulator in different temperature environments.

[0055] The positive correlation between the displacement compensation and the temperature rate means that when the temperature changes rapidly, the piezoelectric ceramic unit will perform a larger displacement adjustment. This dynamic adjustment ability helps the circulator to maintain stable electromagnetic performance in an environment of rapid temperature changes, such as reducing frequency drift and maintaining phase stability. The vertically set displacement compensation direction helps to reduce the impact of mechanical stress caused by temperature changes on other components of the circulator. This design enhances the anti-interference ability of the circulator, enabling it to maintain a more stable working state in the face of external temperature changes. Precise temperature compensation and displacement adjustment mechanisms help to reduce the long-term cumulative effects caused by temperature changes, such as material aging and performance degradation. This design enhances the long-term stability of the circulator, extends its service life, and reduces the maintenance cost.

[0056] Furthermore, titanium nitride shielding layers are respectively arranged on the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the thickness of the titanium nitride shielding layer is 200 - 400 nm. Titanium nitride is a material with excellent electromagnetic shielding performance. Arranging a titanium nitride shielding layer on the piezoelectric ceramic sheet can effectively reduce the interference of external electromagnetic waves on the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, maintain the stability of its internal electromagnetic field, and help the circulator to maintain stable performance in a complex electromagnetic environment.

[0057] Titanium nitride has high thermal stability and thermal conductivity, and can maintain stable performance in high-temperature environments, which helps the circulator maintain stable electromagnetic and mechanical properties in high-temperature environments. The presence of the titanium nitride shielding layer can also have a positive impact on the piezoelectric properties of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. By optimizing the thickness and preparation process of the titanium nitride shielding layer, the piezoelectric coefficient and sensitivity of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet can be further improved, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the circulator. The titanium nitride shielding layer can reduce the stress concentration phenomenon of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet when stressed, prevent material damage caused by excessive stress, and help improve the reliability and stability of the circulator.

[0058] Furthermore, the refrigeration mechanism 300 includes a refrigeration fan and a refrigeration motor disposed at the bottom of the refrigeration fan. The refrigeration motor is fixedly connected to the housing 100, and the rotation axis of the refrigeration motor is vertically arranged. Driven by the refrigeration motor, the refrigeration fan can efficiently take away the heat of the circulator cavity and its components. This heat dissipation method helps to reduce the operating temperature of the circulator and reduce the risk of performance degradation or failure caused by overheating. The vertically arranged rotation axis enables the fan to blow more directly towards the circulator cavity, improving the heat dissipation efficiency. The fixed connection between the refrigeration motor and the housing 100 enhances the stability of the refrigeration mechanism 300. This design reduces the impact of mechanical stress caused by vibration or external shock on the circulator, maintaining the stable position of the circulator and its components. At the same time, the compact structure also helps to reduce space occupancy, improving the integration and aesthetics of the overall device.

[0059] When the present invention is in use, the port wiring is respectively connected to the wiring holes, and the refrigeration mechanism 300 is started. Under the control of the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit, the displacement compensation of the circulator magnetic force unit 220 is stably performed, maintaining the working stability of the circulator, and solving the problem that the refrigeration components on the circulator in the prior art affect the stability of the circulator itself during the refrigeration process.

[0060] During the displacement compensation process, the displacement compensation value where d is the piezoelectric constant, and its value range is 0.4 - 1.2, k p is the temperature change coefficient, and its value range is 0.8 - 2.0, is the temperature change rate, k i is the temperature coefficient, and its value range is 0.02 - 0.1, T t is the current temperature. Specifically, according to the current temperature and the temperature change rate, the distances between the upper magnetic sheet and the upper ferrite, and between the lower ferrite and the lower magnetic sheet are adjusted in real time to avoid the decrease in the stability of the circulator caused by different degrees of expansion of the components due to temperature.

[0061] Embodiment 1

[0062] This embodiment discloses a circulator with a stable structure, including: a housing, a circulator body disposed on the housing, and a refrigeration mechanism fixedly disposed above the outer surface of the housing;

[0063] A circulator cavity is internally disposed in the housing, the circulator body is disposed in the circulator cavity, a plurality of wiring holes are provided on the housing, and the refrigeration mechanism is used for dissipating heat from the circulator body;

[0064] The circulator body includes: a circulator bracket, and a circulator magnetic unit fixedly disposed on the circulator bracket. The circulator magnetic unit includes, from top to bottom: an upper permanent magnet, an upper magnetic sheet, an upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, an upper ferrite, a lower ferrite, a lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, a lower magnetic sheet, and a lower permanent magnet. The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit are used for displacement compensation of the circulator magnetic unit;

[0065] The circulator bracket is in contact with and fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing, and a plurality of wiring ports are provided on the circulator bracket. The plurality of wiring ports correspond to the plurality of wiring holes one by one.

[0066] The housing includes: a cover plate, and a circulator bottom plate disposed below the cover plate. The cover plate and the circulator bottom plate are detachably connected, and the refrigeration mechanism is fixedly connected to the cover plate.

[0067] The circulator bracket includes, from top to bottom: an upper bracket, a central bracket, and a lower bracket. A plurality of fixing columns are provided on the bottom surface of the upper bracket, and threads are provided on the bottom surface of each fixing column. A plurality of limiting holes are provided on the central bracket, and the plurality of fixing columns correspond to the plurality of limiting holes one by one. A plurality of threaded holes are provided on the lower bracket, and the plurality of threaded holes correspond to the plurality of fixing columns one by one.

[0068] A plurality of wiring ports are disposed on the side surface of the central bracket, and the upper bracket, the central bracket, and the lower bracket are respectively horizontally disposed.

[0069] The upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively fixedly connected to the central bracket, and the upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively disposed above and below the central bracket.

[0070] The horizontal cross-sectional dimensions of the upper permanent magnet, the upper magnetic sheet, the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, the upper ferrite, the lower ferrite, the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, the lower magnetic sheet, and the lower permanent magnet are the same.

[0071] The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit includes an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit includes a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet; a temperature sensor is disposed in the circulator cavity, the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature in the circulator cavity, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit are respectively connected to the temperature sensor.

[0072] The displacement compensation of the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit is determined based on the temperature of the circulator cavity. The displacement compensation is positively correlated with the temperature rate of the circulator cavity, and the displacement compensation direction is vertically set. Titanium nitride shielding layers are respectively arranged on the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the thickness of the titanium nitride shielding layer is 300 nm. The refrigeration mechanism includes a refrigeration fan and a refrigeration motor arranged at the bottom of the refrigeration fan. The refrigeration motor is fixedly connected to the outer shell, and the rotation axis of the refrigeration motor is vertically set.

[0073] During the displacement compensation process, the displacement compensation value where d is the piezoelectric constant, with a value of 0.4, and k p is the temperature change coefficient, with a value range of 1.2, is the temperature change rate, and k i is the temperature coefficient, with a value range of 0.05, and T t is the current temperature.

[0074] Embodiment 2

[0075] This embodiment discloses a circulator with a stable structure, including: an outer shell, a circulator body arranged on the outer shell, and a refrigeration mechanism fixedly arranged above the outer surface of the outer shell;

[0076] A circulator cavity is internally arranged on the outer shell, the circulator body is arranged in the circulator cavity, and a plurality of wiring holes are arranged on the outer shell. The refrigeration mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the circulator body;

[0077] The circulator body includes: a circulator bracket, and a circulator magnetic force unit fixedly arranged on the circulator bracket. The circulator magnetic force unit successively includes from top to bottom: an upper permanent magnet, an upper magnetic sheet, an upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, an upper ferrite, a lower ferrite, a lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, a lower magnetic sheet, and a lower permanent magnet. The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit are used to perform displacement compensation on the circulator magnetic force unit;

[0078] The circulator bracket is in contact with and fixedly connected to the inner surface of the outer shell. A plurality of wiring ports are arranged on the circulator bracket, and the plurality of wiring ports correspond to the plurality of wiring holes one by one.

[0079] The outer shell includes: a cover plate, and a circulator bottom plate arranged below the cover plate. The cover plate and the circulator bottom plate are detachably connected, and the refrigeration mechanism is fixedly connected to the cover plate.

[0080] The circulator bracket successively includes from top to bottom: an upper bracket, a central bracket, and a lower bracket. A plurality of fixing columns are arranged on the bottom surface of the upper bracket, and threads are arranged on the bottom surface of each fixing column. A plurality of limiting holes are arranged on the central bracket, and the plurality of fixing columns correspond to the plurality of limiting holes one by one. A plurality of threaded holes are arranged on the lower bracket, and the plurality of threaded holes correspond to the plurality of fixing columns one by one.

[0081] A number of connection ports are arranged on the side of the central bracket, and the upper bracket, the central bracket, and the lower bracket are respectively arranged horizontally.

[0082] The upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively fixedly connected to the central bracket, and the upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively arranged above and below the central bracket.

[0083] The horizontal cross-sectional dimensions of the upper permanent magnet, the upper magnetic sheet, the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, the upper ferrite, the lower ferrite, the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, the lower magnetic sheet, and the lower permanent magnet are the same.

[0084] The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit includes an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit includes a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet; a temperature sensor is arranged in the circulator cavity, and the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature in the circulator cavity. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit are respectively connected to the temperature sensor.

[0085] The displacement compensation of the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit is determined based on the temperature of the circulator cavity. The displacement compensation is positively correlated with the temperature rate of the circulator cavity, and the displacement compensation direction is vertically arranged. Titanium nitride shielding layers are respectively arranged on the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the thickness of the titanium nitride shielding layer is 300 nm. The refrigeration mechanism includes a refrigeration fan and a refrigeration motor arranged at the bottom of the refrigeration fan. The refrigeration motor is fixedly connected to the outer shell, and the rotation axis of the refrigeration motor is vertically arranged.

[0086] During the displacement compensation process, the displacement compensation value where d is the piezoelectric constant, with a value of 0.6, and k p is the temperature change coefficient, with a value range of 1.2, is the temperature change rate, and k i is the temperature coefficient, with a value range of 0.05, and T t is the current temperature.

[0087] Embodiment III

[0088] This embodiment discloses a circulator with a stable structure, including: an outer shell, a circulator body arranged on the outer shell, and a refrigeration mechanism fixedly arranged above the outer surface of the outer shell;

[0089] An inner part of the outer shell is provided with a circulator cavity, the circulator body is arranged in the circulator cavity, a number of wiring holes are arranged on the outer shell, and the refrigeration mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the circulator body;

[0090] The circulator body includes: a circulator bracket, and a circulator magnetic unit fixedly arranged on the circulator bracket. The circulator magnetic unit successively includes from top to bottom: an upper permanent magnet, an upper magnetic sheet, an upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, an upper ferrite, a lower ferrite, a lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, a lower magnetic sheet, and a lower permanent magnet. The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit are used for displacement compensation of the circulator magnetic unit;

[0091] The circulator bracket is in contact with and fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing. A plurality of wiring ports are arranged on the circulator bracket, and the plurality of wiring ports correspond to a plurality of wiring holes one by one.

[0092] The housing includes: a cover plate, and a circulator bottom plate arranged below the cover plate. The cover plate and the circulator bottom plate are detachably connected, and the refrigeration mechanism is fixedly connected to the cover plate.

[0093] The circulator bracket successively includes from top to bottom: an upper bracket, a central bracket, and a lower bracket. A plurality of fixing columns are arranged on the bottom surface of the upper bracket, and threads are arranged on the bottom surface of each fixing column. A plurality of limiting holes are arranged on the central bracket, and the plurality of fixing columns correspond to the plurality of limiting holes one by one. A plurality of threaded holes are arranged on the lower bracket, and the plurality of threaded holes correspond to the plurality of fixing columns one by one.

[0094] A plurality of wiring ports are arranged on the side surface of the central bracket, and the upper bracket, the central bracket, and the lower bracket are respectively arranged horizontally.

[0095] The upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively fixedly connected to the central bracket, and the upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively arranged above and below the central bracket.

[0096] The horizontal cross-sectional dimensions of the upper permanent magnet, the upper magnetic sheet, the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, the upper ferrite, the lower ferrite, the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, the lower magnetic sheet, and the lower permanent magnet are the same.

[0097] The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit includes an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit includes a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet; a temperature sensor is arranged in the circulator cavity, and the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature in the circulator cavity. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit are respectively connected to the temperature sensor.

[0098] The displacement compensation of the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit is determined based on the temperature of the circulator cavity. The displacement compensation is positively correlated with the temperature rate of the circulator cavity, and the displacement compensation direction is vertically arranged. Titanium nitride shielding layers are respectively arranged on the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the thickness of the titanium nitride shielding layer is 300 nm. The refrigeration mechanism includes a refrigeration fan, and a refrigeration motor arranged at the bottom of the refrigeration fan. The refrigeration motor is fixedly connected to the housing, and the rotation axis of the refrigeration motor is vertically arranged.

[0099] During the displacement compensation process, the displacement compensation value where d is the piezoelectric constant, with a value of 0.8, k p is the temperature change coefficient, with a value range of 1.2, is the temperature change rate, k i is the temperature coefficient, with a value range of 0.05, T t is the current temperature.

[0100] Embodiment 4

[0101] This embodiment discloses a circulator with a stable structure, including: a housing, a circulator body disposed on the housing, and a refrigeration mechanism fixedly disposed above the outer surface of the housing;

[0102] A circulator cavity is internally disposed on the housing, the circulator body is disposed in the circulator cavity, a plurality of wiring holes are disposed on the housing, and the refrigeration mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the circulator body;

[0103] The circulator body includes: a circulator bracket, and a circulator magnetic force unit fixedly disposed on the circulator bracket. The circulator magnetic force unit sequentially includes from top to bottom: an upper permanent magnet, an upper magnetic sheet, an upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, an upper ferrite, a lower ferrite, a lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, a lower magnetic sheet, and a lower permanent magnet. The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit are used to perform displacement compensation on the circulator magnetic force unit;

[0104] The circulator bracket is in contact with and fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing, and a plurality of wiring ports are disposed on the circulator bracket. The plurality of wiring ports and the plurality of wiring holes correspond to each other one by one.

[0105] The housing includes: a cover plate, and a circulator bottom plate disposed below the cover plate. The cover plate and the circulator bottom plate are detachably connected, and the refrigeration mechanism is fixedly connected to the cover plate.

[0106] The circulator bracket sequentially includes from top to bottom: an upper bracket, a central bracket, and a lower bracket. A plurality of fixing columns are disposed on the bottom surface of the upper bracket, and threads are disposed on the bottom surface of each fixing column. A plurality of limiting holes are disposed on the central bracket, and the plurality of fixing columns and the plurality of limiting holes correspond to each other one by one. A plurality of threaded holes are disposed on the lower bracket, and the plurality of threaded holes and the plurality of fixing columns correspond to each other one by one.

[0107] A plurality of wiring ports are disposed on the side surface of the central bracket, and the upper bracket, the central bracket, and the lower bracket are horizontally disposed respectively.

[0108] The upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively fixedly connected to the central bracket, and the upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively disposed above and below the central bracket.

[0109] The horizontal cross-sectional dimensions of the upper permanent magnet, upper magnetic sheet, upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, upper ferrite, lower ferrite, lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, lower magnetic sheet, and lower permanent magnet are the same.

[0110] The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit includes an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit includes a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet; a temperature sensor is provided in the circulator cavity, and the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature in the circulator cavity. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit are respectively connected to the temperature sensor.

[0111] The displacement compensation of the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit is determined based on the temperature of the circulator cavity. The displacement compensation is positively correlated with the temperature rate of the circulator cavity, and the displacement compensation direction is vertically set. Titanium nitride shielding layers are respectively provided on the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the thickness of the titanium nitride shielding layer is 300 nm. The refrigeration mechanism includes a refrigeration fan and a refrigeration motor provided at the bottom of the refrigeration fan. The refrigeration motor is fixedly connected to the housing, and the rotation axis of the refrigeration motor is vertically set.

[0112] During the displacement compensation process, the displacement compensation value where d is the piezoelectric constant, with a value of 1.0, and k p is the temperature change coefficient, with a value range of 1.2, is the temperature change rate, and k i is the temperature coefficient, with a value range of 0.05, and T t is the current temperature.

[0113] Embodiment 5

[0114] This embodiment discloses a circulator with a stable structure, including: a housing, a circulator body provided on the housing, and a refrigeration mechanism fixedly provided above the outer surface of the housing;

[0115] An inner part of the housing is provided with a circulator cavity, the circulator body is arranged in the circulator cavity, and a plurality of wiring holes are provided on the housing. The refrigeration mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the circulator body;

[0116] The circulator body includes: a circulator bracket, and a circulator magnetic force unit fixedly provided on the circulator bracket. The circulator magnetic force unit sequentially includes from top to bottom: an upper permanent magnet, an upper magnetic sheet, an upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, an upper ferrite, a lower ferrite, a lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, a lower magnetic sheet, and a lower permanent magnet. The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit are used to perform displacement compensation on the circulator magnetic force unit;

[0117] The circulator bracket is in contact with and fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing, and a plurality of wiring ports are provided on the circulator bracket. The plurality of wiring ports correspond to the plurality of wiring holes one by one.

[0118] The housing includes: a cover plate, and a circulator bottom plate disposed below the cover plate. The cover plate and the circulator bottom plate are detachably connected, and the refrigeration mechanism is fixedly connected to the cover plate.

[0119] The circulator bracket includes, from top to bottom: an upper bracket, a center bracket, and a lower bracket. A plurality of fixing columns are provided on the bottom surface of the upper bracket, and threads are provided on the bottom surface of each fixing column. A plurality of limiting holes are provided on the center bracket, and the plurality of fixing columns correspond to the plurality of limiting holes one by one. A plurality of threaded holes are provided on the lower bracket, and the plurality of threaded holes correspond to the plurality of fixing columns one by one.

[0120] A plurality of wiring ports are provided on the side surface of the center bracket, and the upper bracket, the center bracket, and the lower bracket are respectively arranged horizontally.

[0121] The upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively fixedly connected to the center bracket, and the upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively arranged above and below the center bracket.

[0122] The horizontal cross-sectional dimensions of the upper permanent magnet, the upper magnetic sheet, the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, the upper ferrite, the lower ferrite, the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, the lower magnetic sheet, and the lower permanent magnet are the same.

[0123] The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit includes an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit includes a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet; a temperature sensor is provided in the circulator cavity, and the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature in the circulator cavity. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit are respectively connected to the temperature sensor.

[0124] The displacement compensation of the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit is determined based on the temperature of the circulator cavity. The displacement compensation is positively correlated with the temperature rate of the circulator cavity, and the displacement compensation direction is vertically arranged. Titanium nitride shielding layers are respectively provided on the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the thickness of the titanium nitride shielding layer is 300 nm. The refrigeration mechanism includes a refrigeration fan and a refrigeration motor provided at the bottom of the refrigeration fan. The refrigeration motor is fixedly connected to the housing, and the rotation axis of the refrigeration motor is vertically arranged.

[0125] During the displacement compensation process, the displacement compensation value where d is the piezoelectric constant, with a value of 1.2, and k p is the temperature change coefficient, with a value range of 1.2, is the temperature change rate, and k i is the temperature coefficient, with a value range of 0.05, and T t is the current temperature.

[0126] Comparative Example 1

[0127] This comparative example discloses a circulator with a stable structure, including: a housing, a circulator body disposed on the housing, and a refrigeration mechanism fixedly disposed above the outer surface of the housing;

[0128] An inner part of the housing is provided with a circulator cavity, the circulator body is disposed in the circulator cavity, the housing is provided with a plurality of wiring holes, and the refrigeration mechanism is used for dissipating heat from the circulator body;

[0129] The circulator body includes: a circulator bracket, and a circulator magnetic unit fixedly disposed on the circulator bracket. The circulator magnetic unit includes, from top to bottom: an upper permanent magnet, an upper magnetic sheet, an upper ferrite, a lower ferrite, a lower magnetic sheet, and a lower permanent magnet;

[0130] The circulator bracket is in contact with and fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing. A plurality of wiring ports are provided on the circulator bracket, and the plurality of wiring ports correspond to the plurality of wiring holes one by one.

[0131] The housing includes: a cover plate, and a circulator bottom plate disposed below the cover plate. The cover plate and the circulator bottom plate are detachably connected, and the refrigeration mechanism is fixedly connected to the cover plate.

[0132] The circulator bracket includes, from top to bottom: an upper bracket, a central bracket, and a lower bracket. A plurality of fixing columns are provided on the bottom surface of the upper bracket, and each fixing column bottom surface is provided with a thread. A plurality of limiting holes are provided on the central bracket, and the plurality of fixing columns correspond to the plurality of limiting holes one by one. A plurality of threaded holes are provided on the lower bracket, and the plurality of threaded holes correspond to the plurality of fixing columns one by one.

[0133] A plurality of wiring ports are disposed on the side surface of the central bracket, and the upper bracket, the central bracket, and the lower bracket are respectively horizontally disposed.

[0134] The upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively fixedly connected to the central bracket, and the upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively disposed above and below the central bracket.

[0135] The horizontal cross-sectional dimensions of the upper permanent magnet, the upper magnetic sheet, the upper ferrite, the lower ferrite, the lower magnetic sheet, and the lower permanent magnet are the same.

[0136] The refrigeration mechanism includes a refrigeration fan, and a refrigeration motor disposed at the bottom of the refrigeration fan. The refrigeration motor is fixedly connected to the housing, and the rotation axis of the refrigeration motor is vertically disposed.

[0137] Connect the input / output ports of the circulator samples of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1 to the ports of the VNA through RF cables, and place them in a high and low temperature test chamber. Set the temperature change program, the temperature rises from 25 °C to 85 °C at a rate of 5 °C / min. After keeping the temperature stable, start the continuous scan mode of the vector network analyzer, record the amplitude change of the insertion loss at the center frequency, continue for 30 minutes, and export the time series data S21 (t 1 ), S 21 (t 2 ), S 21 (t 3 ),...... S 21 (t n ) and calculate the standard deviation σ of the time series. The formula for calculating the standard deviation is where is the average value, and n is the number of data points; fix the circulator on the vibration table fixture to ensure a rigid connection, install an accelerometer on the surface of the circulator, and apply random vibration for 30 minutes. Set the vector network analyzer to the continuous scan mode, measure the peak fluctuation of the amplitude of the isolation at 28 GHz, and obtain the standard deviation and peak fluctuation data. The data is shown in Table 1 below.

[0138] Table 1 Standard deviation and peak fluctuation data of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1

[0139] Data source σ Peak fluctuation value Example 1 0.35 ±0.8 Example 2 0.15 ±0.4 Example 3 0.12 ±0.3 Example 4 0.28 ±0.6 Example 5 0.41 ±1.1 Comparative example 1 0.82 ±2.5

[0140] As can be seen from Table 1, the standard deviations and peak fluctuations of Examples 1 to 5 are all smaller than those of Comparative Example 1, indicating the superiority of this application.

[0141] In Examples 1 to 5, as the value of the piezoelectric constant increases, the standard deviation and peak fluctuation first decrease and then increase. This is because when the piezoelectric constant d is low, the compensatory displacement generated by the piezoelectric ceramic unit is insufficient to completely offset the thermal expansion / contraction of the ferrite layer caused by temperature changes or the mechanical deformation caused by vibration. The uncompensated displacement will generate residual stress at the interface between the ferrite and the permanent magnet, resulting in the destruction of the magnetic circuit symmetry, and thus causing fluctuations in the insertion loss and peak shift of the isolation. As the piezoelectric constant increases, the displacement response of the piezoelectric ceramic reaches dynamic matching with the thermal deformation rate and vibration excitation frequency. At this time, the displacement of the piezoelectric ceramic can offset the thermal expansion of the ferrite in real time, maintaining the stability of the magnetic circuit gap. The rapid displacement response of the piezoelectric ceramic can partially absorb the external vibration energy and reduce the relative displacement between the ferrite and the permanent magnet. When the piezoelectric constant is too large, the excessive displacement sensitivity makes the control system prone to overshoot, causing periodic oscillations during rapid temperature changes, enhancing the irreversibility of the electric field-strain curve, and decreasing the repeatability of the compensatory displacement, resulting in an increase in the standard deviation and peak fluctuation. The preferred example is Example 3.

[0142] Based on the ideal embodiments of the present invention as an inspiration, through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A circulator with a stable structure, characterized in that: include: A housing, a ring body disposed on the housing, and a refrigeration mechanism fixedly disposed above an outer surface of the housing; A circulator cavity is arranged inside the shell, the circulator body is arranged in the circulator cavity, a plurality of wiring holes are arranged on the shell, and the refrigeration mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the circulator body; The circulator body comprises: a circulator support, and a circulator magnetic unit fixedly arranged on the circulator support, wherein the circulator magnetic unit comprises, from top to bottom, an upper permanent magnet, an upper magnetic sheet, an upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, an upper ferrite, a lower ferrite, a lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, a lower magnetic sheet and a lower permanent magnet, wherein the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit are used to perform displacement compensation on the circulator magnetic unit; The circulator bracket is in contact with and fixedly connected to the inner surface of the shell, and a plurality of wiring ports are arranged on the circulator bracket, and the plurality of wiring ports correspond to the plurality of wiring holes in a one-to-one manner.

2. A circulator with a stable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell comprises: a cover plate, and an annular device bottom plate arranged below the cover plate, the cover plate and the annular device bottom plate are detachably connected, and the refrigeration mechanism is fixedly connected to the cover plate.

3. The circulator with a stable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular device bracket includes, from top to bottom, an upper bracket, a central bracket and a lower bracket. A plurality of fixing columns are arranged on the bottom surface of the upper bracket, and a thread is arranged on the bottom surface of each fixing column. A plurality of limiting holes are arranged on the central bracket, and the plurality of fixing columns correspond to the plurality of limiting holes one by one. A plurality of threaded holes are arranged on the lower bracket, and the plurality of threaded holes correspond to the plurality of fixing columns one by one.

4. The circulator with a stable structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of wiring ports are arranged on the side of the central support, and the upper support, the central support and the lower support are respectively arranged horizontally.

5. The circulator with a stable structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively fixedly connected to the central support, and the upper ferrite and the lower ferrite are respectively arranged above and below the central support.

6. The circulator with a stable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper permanent magnet, the upper magnetic sheet, the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit, the upper ferrite, the lower ferrite, the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit, the lower magnetic sheet and the lower permanent magnet have consistent horizontal cross-sectional dimensions.

7. The circulator with a stable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper piezoelectric ceramic unit includes an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit includes a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit connected to the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet; a temperature sensor is arranged in the annular device cavity, and the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature in the annular device cavity, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet control unit are respectively connected to the temperature sensor.

8. The circulator with a stable structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The displacement compensation of the upper piezoelectric ceramic unit and the lower piezoelectric ceramic unit is determined based on the temperature of the circulator cavity, the displacement compensation is positively correlated with the temperature velocity of the circulator cavity, and the displacement compensation direction is vertically arranged.

9. The circulator with a stable structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A titanium nitride shielding layer is provided on the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet respectively, and the thickness of the titanium nitride shielding layer is 200-400 nm.

10. The circulator with a stable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration mechanism comprises a refrigeration fan and a refrigeration motor arranged at the bottom of the refrigeration fan. The refrigeration motor is fixedly connected to the housing, and the rotation axis of the refrigeration motor is vertically arranged.

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