Rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundary

Abstract

The invention provides a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary, and the antenna comprises a rectangular dielectric resonator, a floor, a dielectric plate, a feed network, a probe which enables the side surface of the rectangular dielectric resonator to be connected with the feed network, and a port which is connected with the side part of the floor and the side part of the dielectric plate, the rectangular dielectric resonator is a main radiator of the antenna, and the rectangular dielectric resonator is of an axisymmetric structure. The rectangular dielectric resonator is of an axisymmetric structure, a feed structure formed by the three rectangular gaps and the two differential feed probes is also in axisymmetric distribution, and the structure can guarantee symmetry and stability of an antenna radiation pattern and a phase center of the antenna radiation pattern; the antenna has the advantages of compact and simple structure, multiple ports, multiple modes, polarization diversity, directional diagram diversity, high radiation efficiency, stable gain and directional diagram and the like, and is suitable for being applied to the field of wireless communication, including but not limited to satellite communication and wireless local area network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and particularly to a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary. Background Art

[0002] Dielectric resonator antennas have the advantages of high radiation efficiency, zero metal loss, small volume, low profile, and flexible shape. With the development of modern mobile communication technologies, the application of dielectric resonator antennas is becoming increasingly extensive. For indoor wireless local area network applications, multiple-input multiple-output antennas have the advantages of increasing capacity and reducing bit error rate. Multi-mode multi-port antennas can achieve effective radiation of a high-order multiple-input multiple-output system without increasing the occupied space. The construction of new modes is the key point and difficulty in the design of multi-mode multi-port antennas. Diversity is another key technology for multiple-input multiple-output antennas, which can effectively improve the diversity gain of the system. Compared with spatial diversity, the polarization diversity and pattern diversity utilized by multi-mode multi-port antennas can achieve the unique advantages of multi-polarization and multi-radiation direction coverage.

[0003] In recent years, various dielectric resonator antennas have emerged, which can be roughly divided into three categories: spherical, rectangular, and cylindrical, but none of them can achieve multi-mode co-frequency and omnidirectional radiation by modifying the boundary conditions.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for an antenna that can achieve multi-mode co-frequency and omnidirectional radiation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention is to solve the problems of multi-mode co-frequency and omnidirectional radiation, and provides a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary, which includes a rectangular dielectric resonator, a floor, an artificial boundary, a first port, a second port, a third port, a probe, a dielectric board, and a feed network at the bottom layer; the rectangular dielectric resonator is located at the top layer of the entire antenna; the floor is located above the dielectric board and is a square metal sheet with a rectangular slit; the feed network is located below the dielectric board and is composed of a bent microstrip line, a Wilkinson power divider, a T-type power divider, and two differential probes; while realizing the construction of a new mode of the rectangular dielectric resonator, the present invention ensures the coexistence of the original TE-mode family. In addition, the three-mode co-frequency realizes polarization diversity and pattern diversity.

[0006] The present invention provides a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary, which includes a rectangular dielectric resonator, a floor, a dielectric board, and a feed network connected in sequence from top to bottom, a probe connecting the side surface of the rectangular dielectric resonator to the feed network, and ports connected to the side parts of the floor and the dielectric board. The rectangular dielectric resonator is the main radiator of the antenna, and the rectangular dielectric resonator is an axisymmetric structure.

[0007] The rectangular dielectric resonator includes a rectangular dielectric resonator body, metal pads connected to the two side faces parallel to the xz direction of the rectangular dielectric resonator body, and artificial boundaries connected to the upper half of the two side faces parallel to the yz direction of the rectangular dielectric resonator body and extending along the y direction. The metal pads are connected to the probes, and the artificial boundaries are at least two metal strips having the same length as the rectangular dielectric resonator body and arranged in parallel;

[0008] The floor includes a floor body connected to the upper surface of the dielectric board and a slit etched on the floor body. The floor body is a metal sheet. The slit includes an A1 rectangular slit etched at the center of the floor body and extending along the y-axis direction, and A2 rectangular slits and A3 rectangular slits symmetrically distributed on both sides of the A1 rectangular slit along the x direction; The A1 rectangular slit is located at the bottom center of the rectangular dielectric resonator body. The center distance in the x direction of the A2 rectangular slit and the A3 rectangular slit is the same as the dimension of the rectangular dielectric resonator body in the x direction. The probe passes through the floor body;

[0009] The dielectric board is a double-sided PCB board; The feeding network is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric board and includes a microstrip line, an x-direction power divider, and a y-reverse power divider; The probe is a differential probe. The probe includes probe B1 and probe B2 attached to both sides of the rectangular dielectric resonator body and welded to the metal pads respectively. The feeding structure formed by the slit and the probe is axially symmetrically distributed;

[0010] The ports include a first port, a second port respectively connected to both ends of the floor body in the x direction, and a third port connected to the end of the floor body in the y direction. The coaxial inner cores of the first port, the second port, and the third port are respectively connected to the feeding network;

[0011] The fundamental modes of the TE family of the first port, the second port, and the third port operate in the same frequency band and have polarization diversity and pattern diversity;

[0012] The artificial boundary is an ideal magnetic wall. The first port is excited through the A1 rectangular slit to form an anti-symmetric mode electric field distribution and is tangent to the boundary of the rectangular dielectric resonator body. The second port is excited by the probe to form mode electric field distribution. The electric field polarization of the first port is different from that of the second port; The mode field distribution of the third port is composed of two half-period electric fields with opposite directions along the x-axis direction, forming a symmetric mode electric field distribution. The third port is field orthogonal to both the first port and the second port.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, for the rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna according to the present invention, the electric field excited by the first port is x-polarized, the electric field excited by the second port is y-polarized, and the electric field excited by the third port is z-polarized;

[0014] When the first port and the second port are excited, a directional radiation pattern is generated, and when the third port is excited, a horizontally omnidirectional radiation pattern is generated.

[0015] A rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary according to the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, the feeding network includes a bent microstrip line connected to the bottom of the dielectric board, a Wilkinson power divider, and a T-shaped power divider;

[0016] The input end of the bent microstrip line is connected to the probe of the first port, extends along the -x direction, and the output end is located at the lower end of the A1 rectangular slot. The input end of the Wilkinson power divider is connected to the second port, and the output end is connected to the probe. The input end of the T-shaped power divider is connected to the third port, and the output ends are respectively located at the lower ends of the A2 rectangular slot and the A3 rectangular slot. The intersection of the Wilkinson power divider and the T-shaped power divider is connected to the metal on the upper layer of the dielectric board through a metallized via.

[0017] A rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary according to the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, by adjusting the length of the end of the bent microstrip line and the length of the A1 rectangular slot, the resonant point and impedance matching degree of the anti-symmetric mode of the first port can be adjusted;

[0018] By adjusting the heights of the probe B1 and the probe B2, the matching of the second port mode can be adjusted;

[0019] By adjusting the lengths of the output ends of the T-shaped power divider and the lengths of the A2 rectangular slot and the A3 rectangular slot, the matching of the symmetric mode of the third port can be adjusted.

[0020] A rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary according to the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, the Wilkinson power divider includes an input microstrip line connected to the probe of the second port, a circular microstrip line connected to the end of the input microstrip line, two arm microstrip lines respectively connected to the two ends of the circular microstrip line, and a patch resistor connected to the starting ends of the two arm microstrip lines. The output ends of the two arm microstrip lines are respectively welded to the probe B1 and the probe B2;

[0021] The T-shaped power divider includes a T-shaped power divider input microstrip line connected to the probe of the third port, two impedance transformation section microstrip lines vertically connected to the end of the T-shaped power divider input microstrip line and extending in opposite directions, two output end arm microstrip lines respectively connected to the ends of the impedance transformation section microstrip lines, and a metallized via connected to the output end arm microstrip line. The metallized via can realize the coexistence of the T-shaped power divider and the Wilkinson power divider in the x direction.

[0022] A rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary according to the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, the end of the bent microstrip line is located between the output ends of the two arm microstrip lines and below the A1 rectangular slot;

[0023] One arm microstrip line extends between the two output end arm microstrip lines and is isolated by metallized vias;

[0024] Metallized vias for flying wires are provided in the dielectric board, and the number of metallized vias is 4. The four metallized vias are respectively connected to the flying wires of the T-shaped power divider and the floor body through the metallized vias for flying wires.

[0025] A rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary according to the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, the width of the bent microstrip line is 1.65 mm;

[0026] The width of the input microstrip line is 1.65 mm, the width of the circular ring microstrip line is 0.9 mm, the widths of the two arm microstrip lines are both 1.65 mm, and the patch resistor is a 100 Ω resistor in 0603 package;

[0027] The width of the input microstrip line is 1.65 mm, the width of the impedance transformation section microstrip line is 0.9 mm, and the widths of the output end arm microstrip lines are both 1.65 mm.

[0028] A rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary according to the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, by adjusting and optimizing the length, width, height of the rectangular dielectric resonator body, the slot size, the artificial boundary size and position, the probe height and the dielectric board, the three TE-family fundamental modes of the first port, the second port and the third port can work in the same frequency band, the coexistence of the new constructed mode and the original TE-family mode, the isolation degree between each mode is improved, the envelope correlation coefficient is reduced, and the far-field radiation characteristics such as gain and radiation efficiency are stable.

[0029] A rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary according to the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, the material of the rectangular dielectric resonator body is ceramic, with a length of 15 mm, a width of 16 mm, and a height of 6.95 mm;

[0030] Both the metal pad and the artificial boundary are realized by electroplating process, and the total number of the artificial boundaries is eight;

[0031] The floor body is a square with a side length of 50 mm, the width of the A1 slot is 0.6 mm, and the length is half of the resonant frequency wavelength; the A2 slot and the A3 slot have the same size, the width is both 0.7 mm, and the length is half of the resonant frequency wavelength;

[0032] The dielectric board is a square with a side length of 50 mm and a thickness of 0.813 mm;

[0033] The length of the probe extending beyond the dielectric plate is 4.2 mm, and the overall height of the probe and the metal pad is 5 mm.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, for a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary according to the present invention, the reflection coefficient of the port is less than -10 dB, and the isolation between any two of the first port, the second port, and the third port is greater than 17 dB.

[0035] The gains of the first port, the second port, and the third port are all greater than or equal to 4 dBi, and the gain fluctuation within the operating frequency band is less than 1.5 dB.

[0036] The efficiencies of the first port, the second port, and the third port are all greater than 70%, and the efficiency fluctuation within the operating frequency band is less than 10%.

[0037] The present invention realizes multi-mode co-frequency by modifying the boundary conditions and achieves omnidirectional radiation by using the fundamental mode of the rectangular dielectric resonator antenna.

[0038] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0039] (1) The present invention provides a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary. The rectangular dielectric resonator has an axisymmetric structure, and the feeding structure composed of three rectangular slots and two differentially-fed probes is also axially symmetrically distributed. This structure can ensure the symmetry and stability of the antenna radiation pattern and its phase center.

[0040] (2) The present invention has the advantages of a compact and simple structure, multiple ports, multiple modes, polarization diversity, pattern diversity, high radiation efficiency, stable gain and pattern, etc., and is suitable for applications in the field of wireless communication, including but not limited to satellite communication and wireless local area networks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary;

[0042] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic side view structure diagram of the antenna disclosed in Embodiment 1 of a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary;

[0043] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic bottom view structure diagram of the dielectric plate of the antenna disclosed in Embodiment 1 of a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary;

[0044] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic top view structure diagram of the dielectric plate of the antenna disclosed in Embodiment 1 of a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary;

[0045] Figure 5It is the reflection coefficient data graph of each port of the antenna disclosed in Embodiment 1 of a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundary;

[0046] Figure 6 It is the port isolation data graph between any two ports of the antenna disclosed in Embodiment 1 of a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundary;

[0047] Figure 7a It is the radiation pattern of the antenna disclosed in Embodiment 1 of a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundary Figure 1 ;

[0048] Figure 7b It is the radiation pattern of the antenna disclosed in Embodiment 1 of a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundary Figure 2 ;

[0049] Figure 7c It is the radiation pattern of the antenna disclosed in Embodiment 1 of a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundary Figure 3 ;

[0050] Figure 8 It is the gain data graph of the antenna disclosed in Embodiment 1 of a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundary;

[0051] Figure 9 It is the efficiency data graph of the antenna disclosed in Embodiment 1 of a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundary.

[0052] Reference numerals:

[0053] 1. Rectangular dielectric resonator; 11. Rectangular dielectric resonator body; 12. Metal pad; 13. Artificial boundary; 2. Floor; 21. Floor body; 22. Slot; 3. Dielectric board; 31. Metallized via for flying wire; 4. Feeding network; 41. Bent microstrip line; 42. Wilkinson power divider; 421. Input microstrip line of Wilkinson power divider; 422. Ring microstrip line; 423. Arm microstrip line; 424. Patch resistor; 431. Input microstrip line of T-type power divider; 432. Impedance transformation section microstrip line; 433. Output arm microstrip line; 434. Metallized via; 5. Probe; 6. Port; 61. First port; 62. Second port; 63. Third port. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0055] Embodiment 1

[0056] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, a rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on an artificial boundary, characterized in that it comprises a rectangular dielectric resonator 1, a ground plane 2, a dielectric plate 3, a feeding network 4, a probe 5, and a port 6;

[0057] The rectangular dielectric resonator comprises a rectangular dielectric resonator body 11, a metal pad 12, and an artificial boundary 13. The rectangular dielectric resonator 11 is an axisymmetric structure and is located at the uppermost layer of the entire antenna structure as the main radiator of the antenna;

[0058] The ground plane includes a ground plane body 21 and a slot 22. The ground plane body 21 is a square metal sheet with a rectangular slot etched in the center, located below the rectangular dielectric resonator 1 and above the dielectric plate 3;

[0059] The slot 22 is composed of three rectangular slots. The slot 22 is located below the rectangular dielectric resonator 1 and above the dielectric plate 3. The three rectangular slots are an A1 rectangular slot, an A2 rectangular slot, and an A3 rectangular slot, and the A1 rectangular slot, the A2 rectangular slot, and the A3 rectangular slot are symmetrically distributed along the x direction;

[0060] The feeding network 4 is composed of a bent microstrip line 41, a Wilkinson power divider 42, and a T-shaped power divider 43. At the intersection of the T-shaped power divider 43 and the Wilkinson power divider 42, it is connected to the metal on the upper layer of the dielectric plate 3 through four metallized vias 434; there are four metallized vias 434, and the four metallized vias 434 are respectively connected to a flying wire of the ground plane body 21 on the upper layer of the dielectric plate 3. The two arms of the T-shaped power divider 43 use the four metallized vias 434 to achieve coexistence with the Wilkinson power divider 42 in the x direction;

[0061] The probe 5 includes a probe B1 and a probe B2;

[0062] There are three ports, namely a first port 61, a second port 62, and a third port 63; the rectangular flange of the first port 61 is welded to the ground plane body 21 on the upper layer of the dielectric plate 3, and the port probe is welded to the input end of the bent microstrip line 41 in the x direction; the rectangular flange of the second port 62 is welded to the ground plane body 21 on the upper layer of the dielectric plate 3, and the port probe is welded to the input end of the Wilkinson power divider 42 in the x direction; the rectangular flange of the third port 63 is welded to the ground plane body 21 on the upper layer of the dielectric plate 3, and the port probe is welded to the input end of the T-shaped power divider 43 in the y direction; by adjusting the end length of the bent microstrip line 41 and the length of the A1 rectangular slot at the center of the upper layer of the dielectric plate 3, the resonant point and impedance matching degree of the antisymmetric mode of the first port 61 can be adjusted; by adjusting the heights of the probe B1 and the probe B2, the Adjust the matching of the mode; By adjusting the length of the output end of the Wilkinson power divider 42 and the lengths of the A2 rectangular slot and the A3 rectangular slot in the y direction on the upper layer of the dielectric plate 3, the symmetry of the third port 63 can be adjusted. Adjust the matching of the mode.

[0063] The dielectric plate 3 is made of Rogers 4003 material, and the rectangular dielectric resonator body 11 is made of a ceramic material with a dielectric constant of 9.5; The artificial boundary 13 and the metal pad 12 located on the side of the rectangular dielectric resonator 1 are realized by electroplating process; The antenna dielectric plate 3 is a double-sided PCB board, and the lower layer is a feeding network 4 composed of a bent microstrip line 41, a Wilkinson power divider 42 and a T-shaped power divider 43, and the upper layer is a square metal floor body 21 etched with rectangular slots; The main radiator of the antenna is the rectangular dielectric resonator 1.

[0064] The length of the rectangular dielectric resonator body 11 is 15 mm, the width is 16 mm, and the height is 6.95 mm.

[0065] The dielectric plate 3 is square, with a side length of 50 mm and a thickness of 0.813 mm.

[0066] The antenna floor body 21 is also square, with a side length of 50 mm.

[0067] The flange of the first port 61 is welded to the floor body 21 on the upper layer of the dielectric plate 3, and the coaxial inner core is welded to the input end of the bent microstrip line 41; The flange of the second port 62 is welded to the floor body 21 on the upper layer of the dielectric plate 3, and the coaxial inner core is welded to the input end of the Wilkinson power divider 42; The flange of the third port 63 is welded to the floor body 21 on the upper layer of the dielectric plate 3, and the coaxial inner core is welded to the input end of the T-shaped power divider 43; The probes B1 and B2 are welded to the output end of the T-shaped power divider 43, and the other ends pass through the dielectric plate 3 and are welded to the metal pad 12, and ensure tight fit with the rectangular dielectric resonator without gaps; The lengths of the probes B1 and B2 exceeding the dielectric plate 3 are 4.2 mm; The probes B1 and B2 are located on both sides of the y-axis of the rectangular dielectric resonator 1 and are symmetrically distributed.

[0068] The width of the bent microstrip line 41 is 1.65 mm; The Wilkinson power divider 42 is composed of a microstrip line and a chip resistor 424, and the chip resistors 424 are all 100Ω resistors with 0603 package. The width of the input microstrip line 421 of the Wilkinson power divider 42 is 1.65 mm, the width of the circular microstrip line 422 is 0.9 mm, and the widths of the two arms of the output end microstrip line 423 are both 1.65 mm; The T-shaped power divider 43 is composed of microstrip lines with two different characteristic impedances. The width of the input microstrip line 431 of the T-shaped power divider is 1.65 mm, the width of the narrower microstrip line 432 in the impedance transformation section is 0.9 mm, and the widths of the two arms of the output end microstrip line 433 are both 1.65 mm.

[0069] The antenna of the present invention constructs a new mode in the dielectric resonator by adding artificial boundaries. First, each of the artificial boundaries 13 located on the upper half of the x-direction boundary of the dielectric resonator 1 is composed of 4 metal strips. The electric field distribution of the antisymmetric mode of the first port 61 is tangent to the boundary of the dielectric resonator. Since the artificial boundary formed by the four metal strips 13 is located on the upper half of the dielectric resonator 1, it can be regarded as a quasi-ideal magnetic wall and can still achieve effective excitation of the antisymmetric mode; the mode field distribution of the second port 62 is similar to the antisymmetric mode of the first port 61, except for the polarization. The mode of the second port 62 can also be excited by a slot, but the rectangular slot A1 for exciting the antisymmetric mode has occupied the middle position of the floor body 21, so the mode of the second port 62 is excited by differential probes B1 and B2; the symmetric mode of the third port 63 is proposed for the first time in this design. Its mode field distribution consists of two half-period electric fields in opposite directions along the x-axis direction. The artificial boundary 13 located on the upper half of the boundary of the dielectric resonator 1 can provide an ideal electric boundary, that is, the electric field is perpendicular to the artificial boundary 13 in the upper half space of the dielectric resonator 1.

[0070] The isolation between the first port 61 and the second port 62, that is, the antisymmetric and modes, is realized by the orthogonality of the fields. The two electric field polarizations are x and y polarizations respectively. In addition, different types of feeding structures can ensure high isolation between the two ports. The first port 61 and the second port 62 are slot feeding and differential probe feeding respectively; the isolation between the first port 61 and the third port 63, that is, the antisymmetric and symmetric modes, is ensured by the difference in field distributions. The main regions of the two mode field distributions are different; the isolation between the second port 62 and the third port 63, that is, the and symmetric modes, is also field orthogonal. At the same time, the selection of slots and differential probes in the feeding structures respectively ensures the realization of the isolation degree between the two modes.

[0071] The electric field excited by the first port 61 of the antenna of the present invention is x-polarized, the electric field excited by the second port 62 is y-polarized, and the electric field excited by the third port 63 is z-polarized, realizing polarization diversity; when the first port 61 and the second port 62 are excited, a directional radiation pattern can be generated, and when the third port 63 is excited, a horizontal omnidirectional radiation pattern can be generated, realizing pattern diversity.

[0072] As Figure 1 shown, the flanges of the first port 61, the second port 62, and the third port 63 are respectively welded to the floor body 21 located on the dielectric board 3 to ensure its grounding, and their inner conductors are connected to the input ends of their respective feeding networks located under the dielectric board 3. The lower ends of the two differential probes 5 are welded to the output end of the T-shaped power divider 15, and the other ends extend out of the dielectric board 3 and are welded together with the metal pads 12 located on both sides of the dielectric resonator 1 to ensure that the probes are close to the rectangular dielectric resonator 1. The lengths of the two probes 5 and the dimensions of the metal pads 12 will affect the matching of the second port 62. The dimensions of the floor body 21 will affect the radiation pattern and gain.

[0073] The artificial boundary 13 is composed of several discrete metal strips, and the specific quantity and position can be determined according to the mode purity of both the symmetric and anti-symmetric TEy1deta1 modes inside the antenna. The length of the metal strip is consistent with the dielectric body, and the width is 0.5 mm.

[0074] The width of the A1 slot is 0.6 mm, and the length is close to about half of the wavelength at the resonant frequency. The dimensions of A2 and A3 slots are the same, both with a width of 0.7 mm and a length of about half of the wavelength at the resonant frequency. The positions of A2 and A3 slots are different, and they are respectively on both sides of the dielectric body.

[0075] The overall height of the probe 5, also called B1 or B2, and the metal pad 12 is 5 mm, and tight welding is ensured between them.

[0076] In summary, by adjusting and optimizing the configuration of the length, width, and height of the rectangular dielectric resonator 1, the dimensions of the rectangular slot 22, the dimensions and positions of the artificial boundary 13, the heights of the two probes 5, and the dielectric board material, the three TE-family fundamental modes of the three ports of the antenna can work in the same frequency band, the coexistence of the new constructed mode and the original TE-family mode can be achieved, the isolation degree between each mode can be improved, the envelope correlation coefficient can be reduced, and the far-field radiation characteristics such as gain and radiation efficiency can be stabilized.

[0077] Figure 5 is the reflection coefficient parameter curve of each port in this embodiment. The working bandwidth of this antenna is 5.7–5.9 GHz, and the reflection coefficient is less than -10 dB.

[0078] Figure 6 is the port isolation degree parameter curve between any two ports of the antenna disclosed in this embodiment. The isolation degree between any two ports of this antenna is greater than 17 dB in the range of 5.7–5.9 GHz.

[0079] Figures 7a to 7cIt is the radiation pattern of the antenna disclosed in this embodiment. Within the operating frequency band of 5.7 - 5.9 GHz, the first port 61 and the second port 62 can achieve directional radiation in the zenith direction, and the third port 63 achieves omnidirectional radiation in the plane of θ = 40°.

[0080] Figure 8 It is the gain parameter curve of the antenna disclosed in this embodiment. The gain of the first port 61 is about 4.7 dBi, the gain of the second port 5 is about 4 dBi, and the gain of the third port 6 is about 4.1 dBi. The gain fluctuations of the three ports within the operating frequency band are less than 1.5 dB.

[0081] Figure 9 It is the efficiency parameter curve of the antenna disclosed in this embodiment. The efficiency of the first port 61 is about 80%, and the efficiencies of the second port 62 and the third port 63 are about 70%. The efficiency fluctuations of the three ports within the operating frequency band are less than 10%.

[0082] The flanges of the first port 61, the second port 62, and the third port 63 are respectively welded to the floor body 21 located on the dielectric plate 3 to ensure its grounding, and their inner conductors are connected to the respective feed network input ends located under the dielectric plate 3; the lower ends of the two differential probes 18 are welded to the output end of the T-shaped power divider 15, and the other ends extend out of the dielectric plate 3 and are welded together with the metal pads 12 located on both sides of the dielectric resonator 1 to ensure that the probes are close to the rectangular dielectric resonator 1. The length of the probes 18 extending beyond the dielectric plate 3 is 4.2 mm; the length of the probes 18 can adjust the matching of the second port 62. Feeding the first port 61 can excite the antisymmetric mode of the rectangular dielectric resonator to generate a directional radiation pattern with x polarization; feeding the second port 62 can excite the mode of the rectangular dielectric resonator to generate a directional radiation pattern with y polarization; feeding the third port 63 can excite the symmetric mode of the rectangular dielectric resonator to generate a horizontally omnidirectional radiation pattern with z polarization.

[0083] The output lengths of the Wilkinson power divider 42 and the T-shaped power divider 43 and the dimensions of the four rectangular slots located on the floor body 21 can adjust the input impedance and matching of the antenna ports 6 and 7.

[0084] As described above, it is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundaries, characterized in that: It comprises a rectangular dielectric resonator (1), a floor (2), a dielectric plate (3), and a feeding network (4) connected in sequence from top to bottom, a probe (5) connecting the side of the rectangular dielectric resonator (1) to the feeding network (4), and a port (6) connected to the side of the floor (2) and the dielectric plate (3); The rectangular dielectric resonator (1) comprises a rectangular dielectric resonator body (11), a metal pad (12) connected to two side surfaces of the rectangular dielectric resonator body (11) parallel to the xz direction, and an artificial boundary (13) connected to the upper half of the two side surfaces of the rectangular dielectric resonator body (11) parallel to the yz direction and extending along the y direction, wherein the metal pad (12) is connected to the probe (5), and the artificial boundary (13) is at least two metal strips having the same length as the rectangular dielectric resonator body (11) and arranged in parallel; The floor (2) comprises a floor body (21) connected to the upper surface of the dielectric plate (3) and a slit (22) etched on the floor body (21); The port (6) comprises a first port (61), a second port (62) and a third port (63); The artificial boundary (13) is an ideal magnetic wall, and the first port (61) is excited through the gap to form an antisymmetric The mode electric field is distributed and is tangent to the boundary of the rectangular dielectric resonator body (11), and the second port (62) is excited by the probe (5) to form The electric field polarization of the first port (61) is different from the electric field polarization of the second port (62); the electric field distribution of the third port (63) is composed of two half-period electric fields in opposite directions along the x-axis direction, forming a symmetrical Mode electric field distribution.

2. The rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundaries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectangular dielectric resonator (1) is the main radiator of the antenna, and the rectangular dielectric resonator (1) is an axisymmetric structure; The floor body (21) is a metal sheet, the gaps (22) include an A1 rectangular gap etched at the center of the floor body (21) and extending along the y-axis direction, and an A2 rectangular gap and an A3 rectangular gap symmetrically distributed on both sides of the A1 rectangular gap along the x-direction; the A1 rectangular gap is located at the center of the bottom of the rectangular dielectric resonator body (11), the center distance between the A2 rectangular gap and the A3 rectangular gap in the x-direction is the same as the x-direction dimension of the rectangular dielectric resonator body (11), and the probe (5) passes through the floor body (21); The dielectric plate (3) is a double-sided PCB board; the feeding network (4) is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric plate (3), and comprises a microstrip line, an x-direction power divider, and a y-reverse power divider; the probe (5) is a differential probe, and the probe (5) comprises a probe B1 and a probe B2 which are attached to both sides of the rectangular dielectric resonator body (11) and are respectively welded to the metal pad (12); the feeding structure formed by the slit (22) and the probe (5) is axially symmetrically distributed; The port (6) comprises a first port (61), a second port (62) respectively connected to both ends of the floor body (21) in the x direction, and a third port (63) connected to the end of the floor body (21) in the y direction, and the coaxial cores of the first port (61), the second port (62) and the third port (63) are respectively connected to the feeding network (4); The TE family primary modes of the first port (61), the second port (62) and the third port (63) operate in the same frequency band and have polarization diversity and directional pattern diversity; The first port (61) is excited through the A1 rectangular gap, the electric field excited by the first port (61) is x-polarized, the electric field excited by the second port (62) is y-polarized, and the electric field excited by the third port (63) is z-polarized; The first port (61) and the second port (62) generate directional radiation patterns when excited, and the third port (63) generates a horizontal omnidirectional radiation pattern when excited.

3. The rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundaries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding network (4) comprises a bent microstrip line (41) connected to the bottom of the dielectric plate (3), a Wilkinson power divider (42) and a T-type power divider (43); The input end of the bent microstrip line (41) is connected to the probe of the first port (61), extends along the -x direction, and the output end is located at the lower end of the A1 rectangular slot; the input end of the Wilkinson power divider (42) is connected to the second port (62), and the output end is connected to the probe (5); the input end of the T-type power divider (43) is connected to the third port (63), and the output end is respectively located at the lower ends of the A2 rectangular slot and the A3 rectangular slot; the intersection of the Wilkinson power divider (42) and the T-type power divider (43) is connected to the metal located on the upper layer of the dielectric plate (3) through a metallized via.

4. The rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundaries according to claim 3, characterized in that: By adjusting the end length of the bent microstrip line (41) and the length of the A1 rectangular gap, the first port (61) can be anti-symmetrical. Adjust the resonance point and impedance matching degree of the mode; By adjusting the height of the probe B1 and the probe B2, the second port (62) Adjust the matching of the pattern; The symmetry of the third port (63) can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the output end of the T-shaped power divider (43) and the lengths of the A2 rectangular slot and the A3 rectangular slot. Adjust the matching of the pattern.

5. The rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundaries according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Wilkinson power divider (42) comprises an input microstrip line (421) connected to a port probe of the second port (62), a ring microstrip line (422) connected to an end of the input microstrip line (421), two arm microstrip lines (423) respectively connected to two ends of the ring microstrip line (422), and a patch resistor (424) connected to the starting ends of the two arm microstrip lines (423), and the output ends of the two arm microstrip lines (423) are respectively welded to the probe B1 and the probe B2; The T-type power divider (43) comprises a T-type power divider input end microstrip line (431) connected to the probe of the third port (63), two impedance transformation segment microstrip lines (432) vertically connected to the end of the T-type power divider input end microstrip line (431) and extending in opposite directions, two output end arm microstrip lines (433) respectively connected to the ends of the impedance transformation segment microstrip lines (432), and a metallized via (434) connected to the output end arm microstrip lines (433), wherein the metallized via (434) can realize the coexistence of the T-type power divider (43) and the Wilkinson power divider (42) in the x direction.

6. The rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundaries according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the bent microstrip line (41) is located between the output ends of the two arm microstrip lines (423) and below the A1 rectangular gap; One of the arm microstrip lines (423) extends between the two output end arm microstrip lines (433) and is isolated by the metallized via (434); The dielectric plate (3) is provided with a metallized via hole (31) for flying wires, the number of the metallized via holes (434) is four, and the four metallized via holes (434) are respectively connected to the flying wires of the T-type power divider (43) and the floor body (21) through the metallized via holes (31) for flying wires.

7. The rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundaries according to claim 6, characterized in that: The width of the meandering microstrip line (41) is 1.65 mm; The width of the input end microstrip line (421) is 1.65 mm, the width of the circular ring microstrip line (422) is 0.9 mm, the width of the two arm microstrip lines (423) is both 1.65 mm, and the chip resistor (424) is a 100Ω resistor in a 0603 package; The width of the input end microstrip line (431) is 1.65 mm, the width of the impedance transformation section microstrip line (432) is 0.9 mm, and the width of the output end arm microstrip line (433) is 1.65 mm.

8. The rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundaries according to claim 1, characterized in that: By adjusting and optimizing the length, width and height of the rectangular dielectric resonator body (11), the size of the gap (22), the size and position of the artificial boundary (13), the height of the probe (5) and the dielectric plate (3), the three TE family fundamental modes of the first port (61), the second port (62) and the third port (63) can operate in the same frequency band, the new structural mode and the original TE family mode can coexist, the isolation between the modes can be improved, the envelope correlation coefficient can be reduced, and the far-field radiation characteristics such as gain and radiation efficiency can be stabilized.

9. The rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundaries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectangular dielectric resonator body (11) is made of ceramic, has a length of 15 mm, a width of 16 mm, and a height of 6.95 mm; The metal pad (12) and the artificial border (13) are both realized by electroplating process, and the total number of the artificial borders (13) is eight; The floor body (21) is a square with a side length of 50 mm; the width of the A1 gap is 0.6 mm and the length is half the wavelength of the resonance frequency; the A2 gap and the A3 gap are of the same size, with a width of 0.7 mm and a length of half the wavelength of the resonance frequency; The dielectric plate (3) is a square with a side length of 50 mm and a thickness of 0.813 mm; The length of the probe (5) extending beyond the dielectric plate (3) is 4.2 mm, and the overall height of the probe (5) and the metal pad (12) is 5 mm.

10. The rectangular dielectric resonator diversity antenna based on artificial boundaries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflection coefficient of the port (6) is less than -10 dB, and the isolation between any two ports of the first port (61), the second port (62) and the third port (63) is greater than 17 dB; The gains of the first port (61), the second port (62) and the third port (63) are all greater than or equal to 4 dBi, and the gain fluctuation within the working frequency band is less than 1.5 dB; The efficiencies of the first port (61), the second port (62) and the third port (63) are all greater than 70%, and the efficiency fluctuation within the working frequency band is less than 10%.

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