Communication apparatus and communication method

Abstract

The invention provides a communication device and a communication method, relates to the field of communication, and is beneficial for reducing impact on the performance of the communication device due to different atmospheric turbulence intensities and maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device. The communication device comprises an optical receiving module, a first optical transmission module, a second optical transmission module and a control module, the optical receiving module is used for receiving optical signals, the first optical transmission module is used for performing multimode transmission on the optical signals from the optical receiving module, and the second optical transmission module is used for performing single-mode transmission on the optical signals from the optical receiving module; the control module is used for controlling the optical signals from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module under the condition that target parameters conform to a first condition, or controlling the optical signals from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module under the condition that the target parameters conform to a second condition, and the target parameters comprise parameters related to atmospheric turbulence; the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than that in the second condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and particularly to a communication device and a communication method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of various network applications such as big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things, the demand for network communication bandwidth is increasing, especially for mobile wireless communication bandwidth, which shows an explosive growth trend. As a new type of wireless communication method, free space optical (FSO) communication combines the advantages of fiber optic communication and microwave communication, and has the advantages of large capacity, license-free, small size, anti-interference, etc., which can meet the needs of wireless communication and is widely studied and utilized.

[0003] However, the performance of the FSO system is affected by the propagation medium. The optical signal passing through the atmospheric channel may be affected by the attenuation effect caused by gas molecules and aerosol particles such as clouds and fog in the atmosphere and the scintillation effect formed by turbulence in the atmosphere, resulting in fluctuations in the amplitude and phase of the optical signal. The existing FSO device has a single structure and its performance is unstable under different degrees of fluctuations in the amplitude and phase of the optical signal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication device and a communication method. A first optical transmission module and a second optical transmission module are simultaneously provided in the communication device. Since the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module have different transmission modes, the performance and sensitivity of the communication link formed by the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module are different. In this way, under different atmospheric turbulence conditions and different weather conditions, the corresponding communication link can be selected based on the change of the target parameter, which is beneficial to reducing the impact of different atmospheric turbulence conditions or different weather conditions on the performance of the communication device and maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication device, which includes an optical receiving module, a first optical transmission module, a second optical transmission module, and a control module; the optical receiving module is configured to receive an optical signal, the first optical transmission module is configured to perform multimode transmission on the optical signal from the optical receiving module, and the second optical transmission module is configured to perform single-mode transmission on the optical signal from the optical receiving module; the control module is configured to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module when the target parameter meets the first condition, or control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module when the target parameter meets the second condition, where the target parameter includes a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence, and the intensity of atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than that in the second condition.

[0006] In a possible implementation, the optical signal received by the optical receiving module is transmitted through free space (which can also be referred to as a space optical link, an atmospheric channel, etc.). Free space is affected by atmospheric turbulence and weather conditions, which interfere with the transmission of optical signals. Exemplarily, in sunny, cloudy, or light rain conditions, the atmospheric turbulence is strong. Under the influence of atmospheric turbulence, the single-mode optical signal transmitted by the transmitting end can be affected into a multi-mode optical signal, making it difficult to receive the optical signal; in heavy rain or storm conditions, although the atmospheric turbulence is weak and the number of optical signal modes received by the receiving end may be less than that in the case of strong turbulence, the rainfall may cause serious attenuation of the optical signal power, posing a challenge to the maintenance of the communication link.

[0007] In the embodiments of the present application, the control module can control the optical signal to enter the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module based on the change of the target parameter, and the target parameter is a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence. When the target parameter meets the first condition (which can be understood as the condition of strong turbulence), the control module controls the optical signal to be input into the first optical transmission module. The first optical transmission module can realize the multi-mode transmission of the optical signal and can transmit optical signals of multiple modes. For the optical signals of multiple modes generated under strong turbulence conditions, it is beneficial to improve the reception rate of the optical signal by the communication device and improve the optical coupling efficiency; when the target parameter meets the second condition (which can be understood as the condition of weak turbulence), the control module controls the optical signal to be input into the second optical transmission module. The second optical transmission module can realize the single-mode transmission of the optical signal. Based on the fact that the transmission link sensitivity of the second optical transmission module is lower than that of the first transmission module, it can receive optical signals with lower power. Under the conditions of weak turbulence and heavy rainfall, due to serious link attenuation, the optical signal power is low. Transmitting the optical signal through the second transmission module is beneficial to maintaining the communication link. Moreover, since single-mode transmission has only one mode and has a certain anti-interference ability, it can further maintain the signal quality and is beneficial to ensuring the system performance.

[0008] In the embodiments of the present application, the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module are both provided in the communication device. Since the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module have different transmission modes, the performance and sensitivity of the communication link formed by the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module are different. In this way, under different atmospheric turbulence conditions and different weather conditions, a communication link with better performance can be selected based on the change of the target parameter, which is beneficial to reducing the impact of different atmospheric turbulence conditions or different weather conditions on the performance of the communication device and is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the target parameter includes one or more of the following: the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period; the environmental precipitation; or, the environmental image.

[0010] It should be understood that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal, the environmental precipitation, or the environmental image within a preset time period can be understood as different parameters describing the strength of atmospheric turbulence. These parameters can be used alone to evaluate the strength of atmospheric turbulence, or one or more of them can be combined for evaluation, and the present application does not make any limitation in this regard.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, when the target parameter includes the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the first condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a first mathematical distribution, and the second condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a second mathematical distribution.

[0012] In the embodiments of the present application, by calculating the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the control module can control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module for multimode transmission when the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the first mathematical distribution, and control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module for single-mode transmission when the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the second mathematical distribution. This can enable the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application to select different transmission modes under different turbulence conditions, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, when the target parameter includes the environmental precipitation, the first condition includes that the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, and the second condition includes that the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, where the third threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

[0014] It should be understood that atmospheric turbulence is related to the difference in air density and the thermal effect of temperature change, so the strength of atmospheric turbulence is closely related to the weather conditions. Exemplarily, when the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to the third threshold, it can be considered a strong turbulence environment, and when the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, it can be considered a weak turbulence environment, but the present application does not make any limitation in this regard.

[0015] Optionally, the third threshold can be 10 millimeters per day, and the fourth threshold can be 50 millimeters per hour, but the present application does not make any specific limitation in this regard.

[0016] In the embodiments of the present application, by using the environmental water volume as the target parameter, when the control module determines that the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to the third threshold, it can control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module, and when it determines that the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, it can control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module. Since the strength of atmospheric turbulence is closely related to weather conditions, on the one hand, the method provided by the present application is conducive to enabling the communication device to select different transmission modes under different turbulence conditions, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device. On the other hand, the method of detecting the environmental precipitation through the rainfall detection module is relatively convenient and direct, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of the control module and further enhancing the performance of the communication system.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the communication device further includes a rainfall detection module, and the rainfall detection module is configured to detect the environmental precipitation and transmit the environmental precipitation to the control module.

[0018] Optionally, the rainfall detection module may be a rain gauge, a rain counter, or a sensor for detecting rainfall, or any other device or component capable of detecting the environmental water volume, and the present application does not make specific limitations thereto.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, when the target parameter includes an environmental image, the first condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy, or light rain, and the second condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

[0020] In the embodiments of the present application, by predicting or real-time monitoring the weather conditions, the selection of the optical signal transmission mode of the communication device is realized, which is conducive to the control module to select a communication link with better performance based on the change of the weather conditions, conducive to reducing the impact on the performance of the communication device caused by different atmospheric turbulence conditions or different weather conditions, and conducive to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the communication device further includes an image processing module, and the image processing module is configured to collect and recognize the environmental image and transmit the recognition result of the environmental image to the control module.

[0022] Optionally, the image processing module may be a device including a camera, an image processing chip, a neural network model trained for image recognition, or an artificial intelligence (AI) model, or any other device capable of collecting and recognizing environmental images, and the present application does not make specific limitations thereto.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the communication device further includes a beam adjustment module, and the beam adjustment module is configured to adjust the path of the optical signal from the optical receiving module according to the control instruction of the control module.

[0024] Optionally, the beam adjustment module may be a fast steering mirror (FSM), liquid crystal, or other device capable of changing the optical path, and the present application does not make specific limitations thereto.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first optical transmission module includes a multimode optical fiber.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second optical transmission module includes a single-mode optical fiber.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the communication device further includes a local oscillator and a mixer, and the mixer is configured to receive the oscillation signal output by the local oscillator and perform coherent processing on the optical signal output by the single-mode optical fiber based on the oscillation signal.

[0028] It should be understood that the optically coherent processed signal contains the information of the original signal, and at the same time, the intensity of background noise and other interference signals is suppressed, which is beneficial to the extraction of effective information in the optical signal.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present application, performing coherent processing on the optical signal received by the single-mode optical fiber is beneficial to improving the optical coupling efficiency and the performance of the entire communication device.

[0030] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the multimode optical fiber in the first optical transmission module and the single-mode optical fiber in the second optical transmission module are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0031] In the embodiments of the present application, arranging the multimode optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber adjacent to each other is beneficial to reducing the rotation amplitude of the beam adjustment module, saving power consumption, and ensuring that the effective receiving areas of the multimode optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber are within the adjustable range of the beam adjustment module, which is beneficial to maintaining the performance of the communication device.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the communication device further includes a multimode matching module, and the multimode matching module is configured to couple the optical signal from the first optical transmission module.

[0033] Optionally, the multimode matching module may be a multimode fiber transceiver, an optical wavelength multiplexer, an optical matrix converter, etc., and the present application does not make limitations thereto.

[0034] In some examples, the multimode matching module can be used to couple the optical signals from the first optical transmission module, so that the optical signals of multiple modes output from the first optical transmission module can be coupled to the photoelectric detection module as much as possible, which is beneficial to increasing the amount of optical signals input to the photoelectric conversion module and improving the reliability of subsequent signal processing.

[0035] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the communication device further includes a photoelectric conversion module, and the photoelectric conversion module is configured to convert the optical signal from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module into an electrical signal.

[0036] Optionally, the photoelectric conversion module may be a photodetector, a photodetector, a balanced photodetector, or a component that can implement the photoelectric conversion function, such as a photodiode, a photoresistor, etc. The present application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0037] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the communication device further includes a digital signal processor, and the digital signal processor is configured to encode and decode the electrical signal.

[0038] In the embodiments of the present application, after the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric conversion module, if the sending end encodes the signal, the digital signal processor can decode and analyze the electrical signal to restore the original information; if the sending end does not encode the signal, the electrical signal can be directly analyzed or directly transmitted through the network device, expanding the information transmission range, which is beneficial to obtaining the information in the optical signal or realizing a wider range of communication.

[0039] In a second aspect, the present application provides a communication method, which is applied to a communication device including an optical receiving module, a first optical transmission module, a second optical transmission module, and a control module. The method includes: receiving an optical signal through the optical receiving module; when the target parameter meets the first condition, controlling, by the control module, the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module, and performing multimode transmission on the optical signal through the first optical transmission module; or, when the target parameter meets the second condition, controlling, by the control module, the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module, and performing single-mode transmission on the optical signal through the second optical transmission module, where the target parameter includes a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence, and the intensity of atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than the intensity of atmospheric turbulence in the second condition.

[0040] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the target parameter includes one or more of the following: a statistic of the arrival angle fluctuation of the light spot corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period; environmental precipitation; or, an environmental image.

[0041] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, when the target parameter includes the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the first condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a first mathematical distribution, and the second condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a second mathematical distribution.

[0042] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, when the target parameter includes the environmental precipitation, the first condition includes that the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, and the second condition includes that the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, where the third threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

[0043] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes a rain detection module, and the method further includes: detecting the environmental precipitation through the rain detection module and transmitting the environmental precipitation to the control module.

[0044] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, when the target parameter includes the environmental image, the first condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy or light rain, and the second condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

[0045] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes an image processing module, and the method further includes: collecting and recognizing the environmental image through the image processing module and transmitting the recognition result of the environmental image to the control module.

[0046] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes a beam adjustment module. Controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module through the control module includes: controlling the beam adjustment module through the control module to input the optical signal from the optical receiving module into the first optical transmission module; controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module through the control module includes: controlling the beam adjustment module through the control module to input the optical signal from the optical receiving module into the second optical transmission module.

[0047] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first optical transmission module includes a multimode optical fiber.

[0048] In connection with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the second optical transmission module includes a single-mode optical fiber.

[0049] In connection with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes a local oscillator and a mixer, and the method further includes: receiving, by the mixer, an oscillation signal output by the local oscillator, and performing coherent processing on the optical signal output by the single-mode optical fiber based on the oscillation signal.

[0050] In connection with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the multimode optical fiber in the first optical transmission module and the single-mode optical fiber in the second optical transmission module are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0051] In connection with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes a multimode matching module, and the method further includes: coupling, by the multimode matching module, the optical signal from the first optical transmission module.

[0052] In connection with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes an optoelectronic conversion module, and the method further includes: converting, by the optoelectronic conversion module, the optical signal from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module into an electrical signal.

[0053] In connection with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes a digital signal processor, and the method further includes: encoding and decoding, by the digital signal processor, the electrical signal.

[0054] The beneficial effects of the second aspect are similar to those of the foregoing first aspect and will not be elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 2 Another schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 4 Schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 5 Schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0060] The technical solutions in the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Before introducing the present application, the following points are explained first.

[0061] First, in the embodiments shown below, the terms and English abbreviations, such as reference data or differential data, etc., are all exemplary examples given for convenience of description and should not constitute any limitation to the present application. The present application does not exclude the possibility of defining other terms that can achieve the same or similar functions in existing or future protocols.

[0062] Second, in the embodiments shown below, the first, second, and various numerical numbers are only for distinction for convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0063] Third, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after. "At least one (item)" or its similar expression refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item (item) or plural items (items). For example, at least one (item) of a, b, and c can represent: a, or b, or c, or a and b, or a and c, or b and c, or a, b, and c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0064] The carrier of optical communication is light wave, which has higher security and high flexibility compared with microwave communication, and has attracted extensive research interest. Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram of an optical communication system 100 is shown, as Figure 1As shown, the communication system 100 includes a transmitting end 110 and a receiving end 120. The digital signal processor 101 of the transmitting end 110 transmits the digital signal to be transmitted to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 102 to be converted into an analog electrical signal, and then transmits it to an optical transmitter 130. In the optical transmitter 130, under the drive of a drive circuit 103, the electrical signal is modulated into an optical signal through a modulator 104, and then transmitted to the receiving end 120 through a single-mode optical fiber. In the receiving end 120, an interferometer 106 and a local oscillator light source 107 in an optical receiver 140 interfere with the received optical signal to generate an interfered optical signal, which is coupled to a single-mode optical fiber and transmitted to a photodetector 108. The photodetector converts the interfered optical signal into an electrical signal, and outputs it through an amplifier 109. After the electrical signal is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 111, it is processed by the digital signal processor 112 of the receiving end and then output. Among them, while the interfered optical signal contains the information of the original signal, it suppresses the background noise and other interference noises, and can improve the performance of the communication system.

[0065] With the progress of technology, free space optical (FSO) communication, as a new type of wireless communication method, combines the advantages of fiber optic communication and microwave communication, and also has the advantages of large capacity, license-free, small size, anti-interference, etc., and has received wide attention. However, FSO uses free space as the transmission medium, and its performance will be affected by the propagation medium. For example, the optical signal passing through the atmospheric channel will be affected by the attenuation effect caused by gas molecules and aerosol particles such as clouds and fog in the atmosphere and the scintillation effect formed by turbulence in the atmosphere. The resulting scintillation effect will cause fluctuations in the amplitude and phase of the optical signal, and affect the single-mode optical signal transmitted by the transmitting end into a multi-mode optical signal. Therefore, in some examples, the receiving end receives and transmits the optical signal through a multi-mode optical fiber.

[0066] Figure 2 An exemplary schematic diagram of an FSO communication system 200 is shown, as Figure 2As shown, after the optical signal transmitted by the transmitting end 210 is received by the front-end receiving module 201 of the receiving end 220, it is transmitted through a multimode optical fiber to a non-mode-selective photonic lantern (NMSPL) 202. After the non-mode-selective photonic lantern 202 converts the multimode optical signal into multiple single-mode optical signals, the multiple single-mode optical signals output from a balanced photo detector (BPD) 207 and the multiple single-mode optical signals are interfered (which can also be called coherent processing) through an Optical hybrid (OH) module 203, and then are subjected to optoelectronic conversion through a balanced photo detector (BPD) 204, and then the multiple-channel electrical signals are combined through a combiner 205 and demodulated by a demodulator 206 and then output. Among them, the optical signal for interference is transmitted to the balanced photo detector 207 through a local oscillator (LO) 208 for beam splitting.

[0067] Figure 2 The shown FSO communication system receives an optical signal through a multimode optical fiber, and then converts the optical signal of multiple modes into the optical signal of multiple single modes and then performs coherent processing. Although this can, to a certain extent, counteract the influence of turbulence on the fiber coupling efficiency, its implementation complexity is proportional to the number of modes of the optical signal. Under strong turbulence, the number of modes is very large, exceeding the hundred level, and the cost is too high to be commercially practical.

[0068] In view of this, the present application provides a communication device and a communication method. The communication device includes a first optical transmission module for multimode transmission of an optical signal and a second optical transmission module for single-mode transmission of the optical signal, and based on the change of the target parameter related to atmospheric turbulence, when the target parameter meets the first condition, the control module controls the optical signal to be transmitted through the first optical transmission module for multimode transmission, and when the target parameter meets the second condition, the control module controls the optical signal to be transmitted through the second optical transmission module for single-mode transmission. In this way, the communication device can select different transmission modes under different atmospheric turbulence conditions, which is beneficial to reducing the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the reception of optical signals and maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0069] In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present application more clearly intuitive, the communication device and communication method provided by the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0070] Figure 3Schematic diagram of a communication system 300 applicable to embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, the communication system 300 includes a first device 310 and a second device 320. In a possible implementation, the communication system is used for the transmission of optical signals. In some examples, the first device 310 is used to send optical signals, and the second device 320 is used to receive optical signals; in other examples, the first device 310 can be used to receive optical signals, and the second device 320 can be used to send optical signals, which is not limited in this application. It should be understood that the transmitter and receiver are only the roles of the first device 310 (or the second device 320) in the communication system, and do not limit the functions or structures of the devices themselves.

[0071] In a possible implementation, the communication system 300 can be an FSO communication system, which is not limited in this application.

[0072] The following Figure 4 and Figure 5 are used to describe the communication device provided in the embodiments of the present application in detail.

[0073] Figure 4 Schematic block diagram of a communication device 400 provided in the embodiments of the present application. Optionally, the communication device 400 can be the first device 310 or the second device 320 in the above communication system 300, or a chip or chip system included in the first device 310 or the second device 320, which is not limited in this application. In a possible implementation, the communication device 400 can be all or part of the devices in the receiver in the above communication system 300, used to receive and process optical signals from the transmitter. The communication device 400 can also be applied to other systems, which is not limited in this application.

[0074] As Figure 4 shown, the communication device 400 includes: an optical receiving module 401, a first optical transmission module 402, a second optical transmission module 403, and a control module 404.

[0075] Among them, the optical receiving module 401 is used to receive optical signals and complete the reception and tracking of signal light or beacon light. In a possible implementation, the optical signals received by the optical receiving module 401 can be called FSO reception signals, and the optical receiving module 401 can also be called an FSO front-end optical path module, but this is not specifically limited in this application.

[0076] The above-mentioned first optical transmission module 402 is used for multimode transmission of the optical signal from the optical receiving module 401, and the second optical transmission module 403 is used for single-mode transmission of the optical signal from the optical receiving module 401. The above-mentioned control module 404 is used to control whether the optical signal from the optical receiving module 401 enters the first optical transmission module 402 or the second optical transmission module 403. The control strategy of the control module 404 includes: when the target parameter meets the first condition, controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module 401 to be input into the first optical transmission module 402; when the target parameter meets the second condition, controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module 401 to be input into the second optical transmission module 403. Wherein, the target parameter includes a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence, and the intensity of atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than that in the second condition.

[0077] In a possible implementation manner, the optical signal received by the optical receiving module 401 is transmitted through free space (which can also be referred to as a space optical link, an atmospheric channel, etc.). Free space will be affected by atmospheric turbulence and weather conditions, causing interference to the transmission of the optical signal. Exemplarily, in the case of sunny, cloudy or light rain, the atmospheric turbulence is strong. Under the influence of atmospheric turbulence, the single-mode optical signal transmitted by the transmitting end can be affected into a multimode optical signal, making it difficult to receive the optical signal; in the case of heavy rain or rainstorm, although the atmospheric turbulence is weak, the number of optical signal modes received by the receiving end may be less than that in the case of strong turbulence, but the rainfall may cause serious attenuation of the optical signal power, posing a challenge to the maintenance of the communication link.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the control module can control the optical signal to enter the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module based on the change of the target parameter, and the target parameter is a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence. When the target parameter meets the first condition (which can be understood as the condition of strong turbulence), the control module controls the optical signal to be input into the first optical transmission module. The first optical transmission module can realize multimode transmission of the optical signal and can transmit optical signals of multiple modes. For the optical signals of multiple modes generated under the condition of strong turbulence, it is beneficial to improve the reception rate of the optical signal by the communication device and improve the optical coupling efficiency; when the target parameter meets the second condition (which can be understood as the condition of weak turbulence), the control module controls the optical signal to be input into the second optical transmission module. The second optical transmission module can realize single-mode transmission of the optical signal. Based on the fact that the transmission link sensitivity of the second optical transmission module is lower than that of the first transmission module, it can receive optical signals with lower power. Under the conditions of weak turbulence and heavy rainfall (such as heavy rain, rainstorm, etc.), since the link attenuation is serious and the optical signal power is low, transmitting the optical signal through the second transmission module is beneficial to maintaining the communication link. Moreover, since single-mode transmission has only one mode and has a certain anti-interference ability, it can further maintain the signal quality and is beneficial to ensuring the system performance.

[0079] In the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, a first optical transmission module and a second optical transmission module are simultaneously arranged in the communication device. Since the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module have different transmission modes, the performance and sensitivity of the communication link formed by the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module are different. In this way, under different atmospheric turbulence conditions and different weather conditions, a communication link with better performance can be selected based on the change of the target parameter, which is beneficial to reducing the impact of different atmospheric turbulence conditions or different weather conditions on the performance of the communication device and maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0080] In a possible implementation manner, when the target parameter meets the first condition, before or at the same time when the control module controls the optical signal to be input into the first optical transmission module, the communication link based on the second optical transmission module can also be closed. Correspondingly, when the target parameter meets the second condition, before or at the same time when the control module controls the optical signal to be input into the second optical transmission module, the communication link based on the first optical transmission module can also be closed to save system energy consumption, but the present application does not limit this.

[0081] As an optional embodiment, the communication device further includes an optoelectronic conversion module, and the optoelectronic conversion module is used to convert the optical signal from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module into an electrical signal.

[0082] As an optional embodiment, the communication device further includes a digital signal processor, and the digital signal processor is used to encode and decode the electrical signal.

[0083] Optionally, the optoelectronic conversion module can be a photodetector, a photodetector, a balanced photodetector, or a component that can implement the optoelectronic conversion function, such as a photodiode, a photoresistor, etc., and the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present application, after the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by the optoelectronic conversion module, if the signal is encoded at the sending end, the digital signal processor can decode and analyze the electrical signal to restore the original information; if the signal is not encoded at the sending end, the electrical signal can be directly analyzed or directly transmitted through the network device to expand the information transmission range, which is beneficial to obtaining the information in the optical signal or realizing a wider range of communication.

[0085] As an optional embodiment, the communication device further includes a multimode matching module, and the multimode matching module is used to couple the optical signal from the first optical transmission module.

[0086] Optionally, the multimode matching module can be a multimode fiber transceiver, an optical wavelength multiplexer, an optical matrix converter, etc., and the present application does not limit this.

[0087] In some examples, the optical signal from the first optical transmission module can be coupled by a multimode matching module, so that the optical signals of multiple modes output from the first optical transmission module can be coupled to the photoelectric detection module as much as possible, which is beneficial to increasing the amount of optical signals input to the photoelectric conversion module and improving the reliability of subsequent signal processing.

[0088] As an alternative embodiment, the first optical transmission module includes a multimode optical fiber, and the second optical transmission module includes a single-mode optical fiber.

[0089] In a possible implementation manner, the above communication device 400 further includes a local oscillator and a mixer. The mixer is configured to receive the oscillation signal output by the local oscillator and perform coherent processing on the optical signal output by the single-mode optical fiber based on the oscillation signal.

[0090] It should be understood that the optically coherent processed signal contains the information of the original signal, and at the same time, the intensity of background noise and other interference signals is suppressed, which is beneficial to the extraction of effective information in the optical signal.

[0091] In some examples, a transmission link based on single-mode optical fiber transmission and coherent processing can be referred to as a coherent link, a coherent system, a single-mode coherent link, or a single-mode coherent system, etc. A link based on multimode transmission can be referred to as an incoherent link, an incoherent system, a multimode incoherent link, or a multimode incoherent system, etc. The present application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0092] In the embodiments of the present application, performing coherent processing on the optical signal received by the single-mode optical fiber is beneficial to improving the optical coupling efficiency and enhancing the performance of the entire communication device.

[0093] As an alternative embodiment, the above target parameter may include one or more of the following: the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period; the environmental precipitation; or, the environmental image.

[0094] It should be understood that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the environmental precipitation, or the environmental image can be understood as different parameters describing the strength of atmospheric turbulence. These parameters can be used alone to evaluate the strength of atmospheric turbulence, or one or more of them can be combined to evaluate. The present application does not make limitations in this regard.

[0095] As an alternative embodiment, when the target parameter includes the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the first condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the first mathematical distribution, and the second condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the second mathematical distribution.

[0096] In a possible implementation, the above communication device 400 may further include an optical splitter. The optical signal output from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module passes through the optical splitter, and one or more optical signals are input into the control module. The control module calculates the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period. When the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the first mathematical distribution, it controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module for multimode transmission. When the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the second mathematical distribution, it controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module for single-mode transmission.

[0097] Optionally, the preset time period may be 1 second, 1 millisecond, or any other arbitrary time period, and this application does not make any limitation thereto.

[0098] Optionally, the above mathematical distribution may be a light intensity fluctuation probability density function such as a Gamma-Gamma distribution, a lognormal distribution, or any other statistical model that can reflect the strength of atmospheric turbulence, and this application does not make any specific limitation thereto.

[0099] In a possible implementation, the control module may calculate the probability density function (PDF) of the optical signal output from the optical splitter based on the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period, and compare the obtained PDF with the Gamma-Gamma distribution under different turbulence parameters (Cn 2 ) to find the first turbulence parameter that matches the PDF. It can be considered that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the Gamma-Gamma distribution corresponding to the first turbulence parameter.

[0100] Exemplarily, the above first mathematical distribution may be the Gamma-Gamma distribution corresponding to Cn 2 greater than or equal to 1e-13, which can also be understood that the first mathematical distribution reflects the mathematical distribution under strong turbulence; the above second mathematical distribution may be the Gamma-Gamma distribution corresponding to Cn 2 less than or equal to 1e-15, which can also be understood that the second mathematical fraction is the mathematical distribution under weak turbulence.

[0101] Optionally, the comparison method of the above PDF and Cn 2 may include but is not limited to machine learning and other methods. The control module may be pre-programmed with the program code corresponding to this comparison method, and this application does not make any limitation thereto.

[0102] In the embodiments of the present application, by calculating the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, when the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the first mathematical distribution, the control module can control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module for multimode transmission. When the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the second mathematical distribution, the control module can control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module for single-mode transmission. This can enable the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application to select different transmission modes under different turbulence conditions, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0103] In another possible implementation, the control module can calculate the average optical power (which can also be understood as the received power) of the optical signal output from the optical splitter within a preset time period. On the one hand, the instantaneous value of the received power (such as millisecond-level power) can be used to judge the power fluctuation, and the strength of the turbulence can be judged through the fluctuation of this power. On the other hand, the relationship that the link margin is equal to the difference between the received power and the link sensitivity can be used to judge whether the link is available.

[0104] Exemplarily, taking the transmission distance between the transceiver ends of the optical signal as 3 km, the transmission power of the optical signal as 30 dBm, the coherent link sensitivity based on single-mode fiber transmission as -50 dBm, the incoherent link sensitivity based on multimode fiber transmission as -30 dBm, a strong turbulence scenario (for example, Cn 2 greater than or equal to 1e-13), and a weak turbulence scenario (for example, Cn 2 less than or equal to 1e-15) as an example, the selection of the transmission mode by the control module based on the average optical power of the optical signal within a preset time period is described.

[0105] In the strong turbulence scenario, based on the received power, link margin, and power fluctuation of the incoherent link based on multimode fiber transmission, some possible parameters determined by the control module include: received power = 30 dBm (transmission power) - 36 dBm (geometric loss and coupling loss caused by turbulence) = -6 dBm, link margin = -6 dBm (received power) - (-30 dBm (receiving sensitivity)) = 24 dBm, and the power fluctuation caused by turbulence is about 30 dB. Based on the received power, link margin, and power fluctuation of the coherent link based on single-mode fiber transmission, some possible parameters determined by the control module include: received power = 30 dBm (transmission power) - 60 dBm (geometric loss and coupling loss caused by turbulence) = -30 dBm, link margin = -30 dBm (received power) - (-50 dBm (receiving sensitivity)) = 20 dBm, and the power fluctuation caused by turbulence is about 50 dB, exceeding the processing capacity of the adaptive optical attenuation, which may lead to bit errors. It can be seen that in this case, the performance of the incoherent link based on multimode fiber transmission is better.

[0106] In the scenario of weak turbulence, regarding the received power, link margin, and power fluctuation of a coherent link based on single-mode fiber transmission, some possible parameters determined by the control module include: Received power = 30 dBm (transmitted power) - 60 dBm (power attenuation caused by heavy rain or rainstorm) - 10 dBm (geometric loss and coupling loss caused by turbulence) = -40 dBm. The received power (-40 dBm) is less than the sensitivity of the incoherent link (-30 dBm), and the incoherent link is disconnected. Regarding the received power, link margin, and power fluctuation of a coherent link based on single-mode fiber transmission, some possible parameters determined by the control module include: Received power = 30 dBm (transmitted power) - 60 dBm (power attenuation caused by heavy rain or rainstorm) - 15 dBm (geometric loss and coupling loss caused by turbulence) = -45 dBm. The received power (-45 dBm) is still greater than the link sensitivity of the coherent link (-50 dBm), and the coherent link can still communicate normally. It can be seen that in this case, since the coherent link has lower sensitivity compared to the incoherent link, the performance of the coherent link based on single-mode fiber transmission is better in the weak-turbulence scenario.

[0107] It should be understood that the above description of the parameter values of the optical signal is only exemplary and does not constitute a specific limitation to this application.

[0108] In the embodiments of this application, by calculating the average optical power of the optical signal within a preset time period, the control module can use the instantaneous value of the received power (such as millisecond-level power) to judge the power fluctuation, judge the strength of the turbulence through the fluctuation of this power, and can also use the relationship that the link margin is equal to the difference between the link sensitivity and the received power to judge whether the link is available. Based on the link margin and power fluctuation of the incoherent link based on multimode fiber transmission and the coherent link based on single-mode fiber transmission, the transmission mode of the optical signal is selected, which can enable the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application to select different transmission modes under different turbulence conditions, facilitating the maintenance of the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0109] As an optional embodiment, when the target parameter includes the environmental precipitation, the first condition includes that the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to the third threshold, and the second condition includes that the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, where the third threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

[0110] In a possible implementation manner, the above communication device further includes a rainfall detection module. The rainfall detection module is used to detect the environmental precipitation and transmit the environmental precipitation to the control module. When the control module determines that the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to the third threshold, it controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module. When it determines that the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, it controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module.

[0111] It should be understood that atmospheric turbulence is related to the thermal effects of air density differences and temperature changes, so the intensity of atmospheric turbulence is closely related to weather conditions. Exemplarily, when the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, it can be considered a strong turbulence environment, and when the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, it can be considered a weak turbulence environment, but the present application does not make any limitations in this regard. Optionally, the third threshold can be 10 millimeters per day, and the fourth threshold can be 50 millimeters per hour, but the present application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0112] Optionally, the rainfall detection module can be a rain gauge, a pluviometer, or any device or component capable of detecting the environmental water volume such as a sensor for detecting rainfall, and the present application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0113] In the embodiments of the present application, taking the environmental water volume as the target parameter enables the control module to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module when it determines that the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to the third threshold, and to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module when it determines that the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold. Since the intensity of atmospheric turbulence is closely related to weather conditions, on the one hand, the method provided by the present application is conducive to enabling the communication device to select different transmission methods under different turbulence conditions, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device. On the other hand, the method of detecting the environmental precipitation through the rainfall detection module is relatively convenient and direct, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of the control module and further enhancing the performance of the communication system.

[0114] As an optional embodiment, when the target parameter includes an environmental image, the first condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy, or light rain, and the second condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

[0115] In a possible implementation manner, the communication device further includes an image processing module, which is used to collect and recognize the environmental image and transmit the recognition result of the environmental image to the control module. Exemplarily, the control module can control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module when the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy, or light rain, or can also control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module when the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

[0116] Optionally, the image processing module can be a device including a camera, an image processing chip, a neural network model trained for image recognition, or an artificial intelligence (AI) model, or any other device that can collect and recognize environmental images, and the present application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0117] In another possible implementation, the communication device may further include a network communication module. The network communication module can obtain meteorological data from any open online meteorological platform and send the weather conditions corresponding to the meteorological data to the control module. When the weather conditions are sunny, cloudy, or light rain, the control module can control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module. When the weather conditions are heavy rain or rainstorm, the control module can control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module. This application does not specifically limit the manner in which the control module obtains weather condition information.

[0118] In the embodiments of this application, by predicting or real-time monitoring of weather conditions, the selection of the optical signal transmission mode of the communication device is realized, which is beneficial for the control module to select a communication link with better performance based on the change of weather conditions, beneficial for reducing the impact of different atmospheric turbulence conditions or different weather conditions on the performance of the communication device, and beneficial for maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0119] Next, taking Figure 5 the shown communication device 500 as an example, the structure of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail. In the communication device 500, the first optical transmission module is a multimode optical fiber and the second optical transmission module is a single-mode optical fiber as an example for description.

[0120] As Figure 5 shown, the communication device 500 includes: an optical receiving module 401, a control module 404, a multimode optical fiber 515, a single-mode optical fiber 516, a splitter 505, a splitter 506, a multimode matching module 507, a mixer 508, a local oscillator 509, a photoelectric detection module 510, a photoelectric detection module 511, a digital signal processor 504, a target parameter calculation module 512, a rainfall detection module 513, an image processing module 514, etc.

[0121] Optionally, the control module 404 may include a deflection control module 501, a beam adjustment module 502, and a lens 503, but this application does not limit this. In a possible implementation, the deflection control module 501 outputs a control instruction to the beam adjustment module 502 to control the beam adjustment module to adjust the path of the optical signal from the optical receiving module 401 so that it enters the multimode optical fiber 515 or the single-mode optical fiber 516 after being refracted by the lens 503.

[0122] In a possible implementation, the beam adjustment module 502 includes a motor, and the control instruction output by the deflection control module 501 to the beam adjustment module 502 may be an instruction related to the angle of the motor, but this application does not limit this.

[0123] Optionally, the deflection control module 501 may be a nutation controller, a liquid crystal controller, etc., and the beam adjustment module 502 may be a fast steering mirror (FSM) or a liquid crystal or other device capable of changing the optical path. This application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0124] In a possible implementation, the target parameter calculation module 512 may be used to perform operations or identifications on parameters such as the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal, the environmental precipitation, the environmental image, the received power, the link margin, and the power fluctuation within the preset time period mentioned above. Optionally, the function of the target parameter calculation module 512 may be implemented by the deflection control module 501, or the target parameter calculation module 512 may be integrated into the deflection control module 501, or the target parameter calculation module 512 may also be integrated into the control module 404 to cooperate with the deflection control module 501 to achieve the control of the optical signal path.

[0125] In a possible implementation, the communication device 500 may not include the rain detection module 513 and the image processing module 514. At this time, the communication device 500 may calculate the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period for the light beams output by the optical splitter 505 and / or 506 through the target parameter calculation module 512, so that when the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the first mathematical distribution, the control module 404 controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the multimode optical fiber 515, and when the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the second mathematical distribution, the control module 404 controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the single-mode optical fiber 516.

[0126] In another possible implementation, the communication device 500 may not include the optical splitter 505, the optical splitter 506, and the image processing module 514. At this time, the communication device 500 may calculate the environmental precipitation output by the rain detection module 513 through the target parameter calculation module 512, so that when the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to the third threshold, the control module 404 controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the multimode optical fiber 515, and when the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, the control module 404 controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the single-mode optical fiber 516.

[0127] In yet another possible implementation, the communication device 500 may not include the optical splitter 505, the optical splitter 506, and the rainfall detection module 513. At this time, the communication device 500 may calculate the statistics of the recognition results output by the image processing module 514 through the target parameter calculation module 512 (for example, it may be the probability of a certain recognition result occurring within a preset time period), so that when the recognition result is sunny, cloudy, or light rain, or when the probability of the recognition result being sunny, cloudy, or light rain within a certain time period is greater than the preset threshold, the control module 404 controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the multimode optical fiber 515. When the recognition result is heavy rain or rainstorm, or when the probability of the recognition result being heavy rain or rainstorm within a certain time period is greater than the preset threshold, the control module 404 controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the single-mode optical fiber 516.

[0128] In still another possible implementation, the communication device 500 may include an optical splitter 505, an optical splitter 506, a rainfall detection module 513, and an image processing module 514. The control module 404 may calculate one or more of the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period for the light beam output by the optical splitter 505 and / or 506, the environmental precipitation output by the rainfall detection module 513, and the recognition result output by the image processing module 514 based on the target parameter calculation module 512, and select the transmission path of the optical signal. Optionally, the target parameter calculation module 512 may calculate one of the foregoing three target parameters or calculate them jointly. This application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0129] As an optional embodiment, the multimode optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber may be arranged adjacent to each other. In this way, it is beneficial to reduce the rotation amplitude of the beam adjustment module, beneficial to save power consumption, and at the same time beneficial to ensure that the effective receiving areas of the multimode optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber are within the adjustable range of the beam adjustment module, which is beneficial to maintaining the performance of the communication device.

[0130] Next, a communication method provided by this application will be described.

[0131] The communication method provided by the embodiments of this application may be executed by a communication device including an optical receiving module, a first optical transmission module, a second optical transmission module, and a control module. Optionally, the communication device may be the above-mentioned communication device 400 or communication device 500, and the communication device is applicable to the above-mentioned communication system 300. This application does not make limitations in this regard.

[0132] The communication method includes:

[0133] Step 1: Receive an optical signal through the optical receiving module.

[0134] Step 2: When the target parameter meets the first condition, the control module controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module, and the first optical transmission module performs multimode transmission on the optical signal; or, when the target parameter meets the second condition, the control module controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module, and the second optical transmission module performs single-mode transmission on the optical signal. The target parameter includes a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence, and the intensity of atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than that in the second condition.

[0135] In a possible implementation manner, the target parameter includes one or more of the following: the statistic of the arrival angle fluctuation of the light spot corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period; the environmental precipitation; or, the environmental image.

[0136] In a possible implementation manner, when the target parameter includes the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the first condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the first mathematical distribution, and the second condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to the second mathematical distribution.

[0137] In a possible implementation manner, when the target parameter includes the environmental precipitation, the first condition includes that the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to the third threshold, and the second condition includes that the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, where the third threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

[0138] In a possible implementation manner, the communication device further includes a rain detection module, and the method further includes: detecting the environmental precipitation through the rain detection module and transmitting the environmental precipitation to the control module.

[0139] In a possible implementation manner, when the target parameter includes the environmental image, the first condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy or light rain, and the second condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

[0140] In a possible implementation manner, the communication device further includes an image processing module, and the method further includes: collecting and recognizing the environmental image through the image processing module and transmitting the recognition result of the environmental image to the control module.

[0141] In a possible implementation manner, the communication device further includes a beam adjustment module. Controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module through the control module includes: controlling the beam adjustment module through the control module to input the optical signal from the optical receiving module into the first optical transmission module; controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module through the control module includes: controlling the beam adjustment module through the control module to input the optical signal from the optical receiving module into the second optical transmission module.

[0142] In a possible implementation, the first optical transmission module includes a multimode optical fiber.

[0143] In a possible implementation, the second optical transmission module includes a single-mode optical fiber.

[0144] In a possible implementation, the communication device further includes a local oscillator and a mixer, and the method further includes: receiving, by the mixer, an oscillation signal output by the local oscillator, and performing coherent processing on the optical signal output by the single-mode optical fiber based on the oscillation signal.

[0145] In a possible implementation, the multimode optical fiber in the first optical transmission module and the single-mode optical fiber in the second optical transmission module are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0146] In a possible implementation, the communication device further includes a multimode matching module, and the method further includes: coupling, by the multimode matching module, the optical signal from the first optical transmission module.

[0147] In a possible implementation, the communication device further includes an optoelectronic conversion module, and the method further includes: converting, by the optoelectronic conversion module, the optical signal from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module into an electrical signal.

[0148] In a possible implementation, the communication device further includes a digital signal processor, and the method further includes: encoding and decoding, by the digital signal processor, the electrical signal.

[0149] The beneficial effects of the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application are similar to those of the foregoing communication device, and will not be elaborated here.

[0150] The present application further provides a communication system, including the communication device provided by the present application as a receiving end, and the communication device provided by the present application or other communication devices as a sending end, so as to implement the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0151] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. in the specification, claims and the above drawings of the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described here, for example, can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "may include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these process, method, product or device.

[0152] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the embodiments of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features, and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A communication device, characterized in that, the communication device includes an optical receiving module, a first optical transmission module, a second optical transmission module and a control module; the optical receiving module is used to receive an optical signal, the first optical transmission module is used to perform multimode transmission on the optical signal from the optical receiving module, and the second optical transmission module is used to perform single-mode transmission on the optical signal from the optical receiving module; the control module is used to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module when the target parameter meets the first condition, or to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module when the target parameter meets the second condition, where the target parameter includes a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence, and the intensity of atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than that in the second condition.

2. The communication device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the target parameter includes one or more of the following: the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period; the environmental precipitation; or, the environmental image.

3. The communication device according to claim 2, characterized in that, when the target parameter includes the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the first condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a first mathematical distribution, and the second condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a second mathematical distribution.

4. The communication device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, when the target parameter includes the environmental precipitation, the first condition includes that the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, and the second condition includes that the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, where the third threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

5. The communication device according to claim 4, characterized in that, the communication device further includes a rainfall detection module, and the rainfall detection module is used to detect the environmental precipitation and transmit the environmental precipitation to the control module.

6. The communication device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, when the target parameter includes the environmental image, the first condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy or light rain, and the second condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

7. The communication device according to claim 6, characterized in that, the communication device further includes an image processing module, and the image processing module is used to collect and recognize the environmental image and transmit the recognition result of the environmental image to the control module.

8. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, the communication device further includes a beam adjustment module, and the beam adjustment module is used to adjust the path of the optical signal from the optical receiving module according to the control instruction of the control module.

9. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The first optical transmission module includes a multimode optical fiber.

10. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, the second optical transmission module includes a single-mode optical fiber.

11. The communication device according to claim 10, wherein, the communication device further includes a local oscillator and a mixer, and the mixer is configured to receive the oscillation signal output by the local oscillator and perform coherent processing on the optical signal output by the single-mode optical fiber based on the oscillation signal.

12. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, the multimode optical fiber in the first optical transmission module and the single-mode optical fiber in the second optical transmission module are arranged adjacent to each other.

13. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, the communication device further includes a multimode matching module, and the multimode matching module is configured to couple the optical signal from the first optical transmission module.

14. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein, the communication device further includes an optoelectronic conversion module, and the optoelectronic conversion module is configured to convert the optical signal from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module into an electrical signal.

15. The communication device according to claim 14, wherein, the communication device further includes a digital signal processor, and the digital signal processor is configured to perform encoding and decoding on the electrical signal.

16. A communication method, wherein, applied to a communication device including an optical receiving module, a first optical transmission module, a second optical transmission module, and a control module, the method includes: receiving an optical signal through the optical receiving module; when the target parameter meets the first condition, controlling, by the control module, the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module, and performing multimode transmission on the optical signal through the first optical transmission module; or, when the target parameter meets the second condition, controlling, by the control module, the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module, and performing single-mode transmission on the optical signal through the second optical transmission module, where the target parameter includes a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence, and the intensity of atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than that in the second condition.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein, the target parameter includes one or more of the following: a statistic of the arrival angle fluctuation of the light spot corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period; ambient precipitation; or, an ambient image.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, when the target parameter includes a statistic of the optical power corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the first condition includes that the statistic of the optical power corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a first mathematical distribution, and the second condition includes that the statistic of the optical power corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a second mathematical distribution.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, When the target parameter includes environmental precipitation, the first condition includes that the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, and the second condition includes that the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, where the third threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein, the communication device further includes a rainfall detection module, and the method further includes: detecting the environmental precipitation through the rainfall detection module and transmitting the environmental precipitation to the control module.

21. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein, when the target parameter includes an environmental image, the first condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy or light rain, and the second condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein, the communication device further includes an image processing module, and the method further includes: acquiring and recognizing the environmental image through the image processing module and transmitting the recognition result of the environmental image to the control module.

23. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 22, wherein, the communication device further includes a beam adjustment module, and controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to input into the first optical transmission module through the control module includes: controlling the beam adjustment module through the control module to input the optical signal from the optical receiving module into the first optical transmission module; Controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to input into the second optical transmission module through the control module includes: controlling the beam adjustment module through the control module to input the optical signal from the optical receiving module into the second optical transmission module.

24. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 23, wherein, the first optical transmission module includes a multimode optical fiber.

25. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 24, wherein, the second optical transmission module includes a single-mode optical fiber.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein, the communication device further includes a local oscillator and a mixer, and the method further includes: receiving the oscillation signal output by the local oscillator through the mixer and performing coherent processing on the optical signal output by the single-mode optical fiber based on the oscillation signal.

27. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 26, wherein, the multimode optical fiber in the first optical transmission module and the single-mode optical fiber in the second optical transmission module are arranged adjacent to each other.

28. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 27, wherein, the communication device further includes a multimode matching module, and the method further includes: coupling the optical signal from the first optical transmission module through the multimode matching module.

29. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 28, wherein, the communication device further includes an optoelectronic conversion module, and the method further includes: The optical signal from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric conversion module.

30. The method according to claim 29, wherein, the communication device further includes a digital signal processor, and the method further includes: encoding and decoding the electrical signal by the digital signal processor.

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